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UNIT 6 Crossing Cultures
知识点1:custom系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:customary(adj.习惯的)、customer(n.顾客)、custom(n.习俗);
常见搭配:social customs(社会习俗)、
break with old customs(破除旧习俗)、
follow the local customs(遵循当地习俗)、
The custom of doing sth.(做某事的习俗)
• 例子1:The custom of eating mooncakes is popular in China.(吃月饼的习俗在中国很流
行)
• 例子2:We should follow the local customs when we travel to other cities.(去其他城市旅
行时,我们应该遵循当地习俗)
• 例子 3:Every weekend, my mom goes to the supermarket and talks with the customers
there.(每个周末,妈妈都会去超市,和那里的顾客聊天)
知识点2:element系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:element(n.元素;要素;成分)、elementary(adj.基础的);
常见搭配:an element of...(一点;少许)、
elements of......的要素
• 例子1:There is an element of fun in English classes.(英语课里有一点乐趣)
• 例子2:Math teachers often tell us that practice is one of the elements of learning math well.
(数学老师经常告诉我们,练习是学好数学的要素之一)
• 例子3:We learn elementary English grammar in Grade Seven.(我们在七年级学习基础英
语语法)
知识点3:shake系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:shake(v.摇动)、shaky(adj.摇晃的)、shaker(n.摇动器);
常见搭配:shake hands with sb.(和某人握手)、
shake one’s hand(握某人的手)、
shake off(摆脱)、
shake one’s head(摇头)
• 例子1:When we meet our teachers, we usually shake hands with them politely.(见到老师
时,我们通常会礼貌地和他们握手)
• 例子2:My little sister shook her head because she didn’t want to go to bed.(妹妹摇了摇头因为她不想睡觉)
• 例子3:I tried to shake off the feeling of tiredness before the exam.(考试前,我努力摆脱
疲惫感)
知识点4:embarrass系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:embarrass(v.使某人尴尬)、embarrassing(adj.令人尴尬的)、embarrassed
(adj.尴尬的)、embarrassment(n.尴尬);
常见搭配:be embarrassed about sth(因某事感到尴尬)、
be embarrassed at doing sth(因做某事感到尴尬)、
be embarrassed to do sth(因困窘而不愿做某事)、
embarrass sb by doing sth(通过做某事使某人尴尬)
• 例子1:Tom was embarrassed about forgetting his best friend’s birthday.(汤姆因为忘了好
朋友的生日而感到尴尬)
• 例子2:It’s embarrassing to trip over your own shoes in the classroom.(在教室里被自己的
鞋子绊倒,真是令人尴尬)
• 例子 3:Lily embarrassed her brother by telling his classmates about his childhood stories.
(莉莉把弟弟的童年趣事告诉他的同学,让弟弟很尴尬)
知识点5:rub的动词搭配
• 核心内容:rub(v.摩擦、擦);
常见搭配:rub sth. off(擦掉某物)、
rub sth. on/onto(把……涂/擦在……上)
• 例子1:I used a cloth to rub the dirt off my desk.(我用布擦掉了桌子上的灰尘)
• 例子2:My mom often rubs some lotion on my hands in winter.(冬天,妈妈经常给我的手
上涂些润肤露)
• 例子3:Can you help me rub this sticker off the book cover?(你能帮我把书封面上的贴纸
擦掉吗?)
知识点6:confuse系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:confuse(v.困惑)、confused(adj.令人困惑的)、confusion(n.困惑);
常见搭配:be confused about sth(对某事感到困惑)、
be confused by sb/sth(被某人/某事弄得困惑)、
reduce confusion(减少困惑/混乱)、
in confusion(困惑地)
• 例子1:Many students are confused about the difference between “lie” and “lay”.(很多学
生对“lie”和“lay”的区别感到困惑)
• 例子2:The complicated math problem confused all of us in class.(这道复杂的数学题让班上所有人都很困惑)
• 例子3:The teacher explained the rule again to reduce confusion among students.(老师又
解释了一遍规则,以减少学生们的困惑)
知识点7:surprise系列词汇及用法
• 核心内容:surprise(n./v.惊喜)、surprising(adj.令人惊讶的)、surprised(adj.感到惊
讶的)
• 例子1:My parents gave me a new bike as a surprise on my birthday.(生日那天,父母给了
我一辆新自行车作为惊喜)
• 例子2:It’s surprising that our class won the basketball match.(我们班赢了篮球比赛,真
是令人惊讶)
• 例子3:I was surprised to see my old friend at the school gate this morning.(今天早上在学
校门口见到老朋友,我很惊讶)
知识点8:greeting系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:greeting(n.问候)、greet(v.问候);
常见搭配:a greeting from...(来自……的问候)、
greet sb. with sth.(用……(方式)问候某人)
• 例子1:I received a greeting from my pen pal in America last week.(上周我收到了美国笔
友的问候)
• 例子2:Our English teacher always greets us with a smile when she comes into class.(英语
老师进教室时,总是微笑着和我们打招呼)
• 例子3:People usually greet each other with “Good morning” in the early morning.(清晨,
人们通常用“早上好”互相问候)
知识点9:bump相关短语及用法
• 核心内容:bump into sb./sth.(①撞到某人/某物;②偶然遇见某人)、
bump against sth.(撞到某物,强调“撞”式的碰撞)
• 例子1:I bumped into a tree when I was running on the playground.(我在操场跑步时撞到
了一棵树)
• 例子2:I bumped into my primary school teacher in the supermarket yesterday.(昨天我在
超市偶然碰到了小学老师)
• 例子3:The little boy bumped against the wall because he was running too fast.(小男孩因
为跑得太快,撞到了墙上)知识点10:form系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:form(n.表格、形式、种类;v.形成)、formal(adj.正式的)、formation
(n.形成);
常见搭配:the formation of...(……的形成)、
form a habit of doing sth.(养成做某事的习惯)、
take the form of(呈现……的形式)、
fill in the form(填写表格)、
fill out a form(填写表格)
• 例子1:We need to fill in the form before joining the English club.(加入英语俱乐部前,我
们需要填写表格)
• 例子2:It’s important to form a habit of reading every day.(养成每天阅读的习惯很重要)
• 例子3:The formation of ice needs low temperature.(冰的形成需要低温)
知识点11:rude系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:rudeness(n.粗鲁)、rude(adj.无礼的);
常见搭配:it’s rude to do sth.(做某事是无礼的)、
be rude to sb.(对某人无礼)
• 例子1:It’s rude to talk loudly in the library.(在图书馆大声说话是无礼的)
• 例子2:We shouldn’t be rude to our parents or teachers.(我们不应该对父母或老师无礼)
• 例子3:His rudeness made everyone in the class unhappy.(他的粗鲁行为让班上所有人都
不开心)
知识点12:offer的双宾语结构
• 核心内容:offer sb. sth. (= offer sth. to sb.)(给某人提供某物)
• 例子1:My friend offered me a cup of tea when I visited her home.(我去朋友家时,她给
我倒了一杯茶)
• 例子2:The library offers many interesting books to students.(图书馆给学生提供很多有趣
的书)
• 例子3:Our teacher often offers us help when we have trouble in study.(当我们学习有困难
时,老师经常给我们提供帮助)
知识点13:bow相关短语及用法
• 核心内容:bow to sb.(向某人鞠躬,表礼仪动作)、
bow down(弯腰;引申“屈服”)、make a bow(鞠一躬,作名词的搭配)
• 例子1:In some countries, people bow to each other to show respect.(在一些国家,人们
互相鞠躬表示尊重)
• 例子2:The actor made a bow to the audience after the performance.(表演结束后,演员
向观众鞠了一躬)
• 例子3:We should never bow down to difficulties in life.(我们永远不应该向生活中的困难
屈服)
知识点14:popular系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:popular(adj.受欢迎的)、popularity(n.受欢迎度);
常见搭配:be popular with(受某类人(个体或群体)欢迎)、
be popular among(在某群体中流行)、
the popularity of...(……的流行度/受欢迎程度)
• 例子1:This singer is very popular with young people.(这位歌手很受年轻人欢迎)
• 例子2:Playing badminton is popular among students in our school.(打羽毛球在我们学校
的学生中很流行)
• 例子3:The popularity of online learning has increased in recent years.(近年来,在线学习
的受欢迎度有所提高)
知识点15:manner相关短语及用法
• 核心内容:confident manner(自信的举止)、
in this/that manner(以这种/那种方式)、
in a... manner(以……的方式)
• 例子1:The new student answered questions in a confident manner.(这位新同学回答问题
时举止自信)
• 例子2:We should solve problems in this manner instead of giving up.(我们应该用这种方
式解决问题,而不是放弃)
• 例子3:The teacher explained the text in a clear and patient manner.(老师以清晰且耐心的
方式讲解课文)
知识点16:proper系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:properly(adv.正确地)、proper(adj.正确的);
常见搭配:do sth. properly(正确做某事)
• 例子1:We must learn to wash our hands properly to keep healthy.(我们必须学会正确洗
手以保持健康)
• 例子2:It’s important to use this tool in a proper way.(用正确的方式使用这个工具很重
要)• 例子3:Can you tell me how to pronounce this word properly?(你能告诉我这个单词怎么
正确发音吗?)
知识点17:serve系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:serve(v.服务、充当、提供)、service(/ˈsɜːvɪs/,n.服务)、servant(n.仆
人)、serving(adj.分菜用的;n.一份食物);
常见搭配:serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb.(为某人提供某物)、
serve as...(充当)、
serve to do sth(用来做某事)、
a serving of sth.(一份……(食物))
• 例子1:The waiter served us a plate of delicious noodles.(服务员给我们上了一盘美味的
面条)
• 例子2:This old room can serve as a study for my brother.(这个旧房间可以充当我弟弟的
书房)
• 例子3:There is a serving of fruit in our school lunch every day.(我们学校午餐每天都有一
份水果)
知识点 18:-ed 与-ing 形容词辨析(surprised/surprising;
embarrassed/embarrassing)
• 核心内容:surprised(-ed)修饰“人”,表“感到惊讶的”;surprising(-ing)修饰
“事物”,表“令人惊讶的”;embarrassed(-ed)修饰“人”,表“感到尴尬的”;
embarrassing(-ing)修饰“事物”,表“令人尴尬的”
• 例子1:She was surprised when she heard the good news.(听到这个好消息时,她感到很
惊讶);The good news is surprising for all of us.(这个好消息让我们所有人都很惊讶)
• 例子2:He felt embarrassed when he made a mistake in class.(在课堂上犯错时,他感到
很尴尬);Making a mistake in class is an embarrassing thing.(在课堂上犯错是一件令人尴尬
的事)
• 例子3:My parents were surprised at my good exam results.(父母对我优异的考试成绩感
到惊讶);The change in his study habits is surprising.(他学习习惯的改变令人惊讶)
知识点19:used to与be used to的用法辨析
• 核心内容:be used to (doing) sth.(习惯于……);
used to do sth.(过去常常做某事)
• 例子1:I used to play the piano, but now I play the guitar.(我过去常常弹钢琴,但现在我
弹吉他)• 例子2:She is used to getting up early every morning.(她习惯于每天早上早起)
• 例子3:They used to go swimming every weekend, but now they have no time.(他们过去每
个周末都去游泳,但现在没时间了)
知识点20:respect系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:respect(v./n.尊敬)、respectful(adj.尊敬他人的)、respectable(adj.值得
尊敬的);
常见搭配:respect for sb./sth.(对某人/某物的尊敬)
• 例子1:We should show respect for our grandparents.(我们应该尊敬祖父母)
• 例子2:The student is always respectful to his teachers.(这个学生对老师总是很尊敬)
• 例子3:Our head teacher is a respectable person because she works hard for students.(我
们的班主任是个值得尊敬的人,因为她为学生努力工作)
知识点21:arrive系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:arrive(v.到达)、arrival(n.到达);
接大地点(城市、国家等)用“arrive + in + 地点”,
接小地点(学校、车站、家等)用“arrive + at + 地点”;
arrive的同义词为get to(较随便)
• 例子1:My family will arrive in Beijing next Friday for a trip.(我们家下周五会到达北京旅
行,北京是大地点)
• 例子2:She usually arrives at school at 7:30 a.m. every weekday.(她工作日通常早上7点半
到达学校,学校是小地点)
• 例子3:The arrival of the new textbooks made all students excited.(新课本的到来让所有
学生都很兴奋)
知识点22:attention系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:attention(n.注意力)、attentive(adj.专注的)、attend(v.注意、出席)
• 例子1:The teacher told us to pay attention to the new words in the passage.(老师让我们
注意短文里的生词)
• 例子2:Lucy is always an attentive student—she never looks away in class.(露西一直是个
专注的学生,课堂上从不走神)
• 例子3:All parents need to attend the parent-teacher meeting next Thursday.(所有家长都
要参加下周四的家长会)知识点23:France相关词汇
• 核心内容:France(n.法国)、French(adj.法国的;n.法语、法国人)
• 例子1:I hope to visit France with my parents during the summer holiday.(我希望暑假和父
母一起去法国旅行)
• 例子2:My cousin is learning French because she wants to study in France.(我表妹在学法
语,因为她想去法国留学)
• 例子3:French bread and French fries are popular around the world.(法棍面包和薯条在全
世界都很受欢迎)
知识点24:simple系列词汇及用法
• 核心内容:simple(adj.简单的)、simply(adv.简单地)
• 例子1:This math problem is so simple that all students can solve it.(这道数学题很简单,
所有学生都能做出来)
• 例子2:You can simply tell me your idea—no need to write a long passage.(你可以简单地
告诉我你的想法,不用写长篇大论)
• 例子3:My grandma likes simple life, such as growing vegetables in the garden.(奶奶喜欢简
单的生活,比如在院子里种蔬菜)
知识点25:it’s best (not) to do sth.句型
• 核心内容:表示“(不)做某事是最好的”
• 例子1:It’s best to brush your teeth before going to bed to keep them healthy.(为了保护牙
齿健康,睡前最好刷牙)
• 例子2:It’s best not to be late for class—teachers don’t like lazy students.(上课最好不要迟
到,老师不喜欢懒惰的学生)
• 例子3:It’s best to exercise for 30 minutes every day to stay fit.(为了保持健康,每天最好
锻炼30分钟)
知识点26:private系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:private(adj.私人的)、privately(adv.私人地)、privacy(n.隐私);
常见搭配:private property(私人财产)
• 例子1:Everyone has a private room—we shouldn’t enter without permission.(每个人都有
私人房间,我们不该未经允许就进去)
• 例子2:They talked privately in the corner because they didn’t want others to hear.(他们在
角落私下聊天,因为不想让别人听见)• 例子3:We must respect others’ privacy, like not reading their diaries.(我们必须尊重别人
的隐私,比如不看他们的日记)
知识点27:personality相关词汇
• 核心内容:personality(n.个性)、personal(adj.私人的)
• 例子1:My best friend has a outgoing personality—she likes making new friends.(我最好的
朋友性格外向,喜欢交新朋友)
• 例子2:Please don’t ask others about their personal information, like phone numbers.(不要
问别人的私人信息,比如电话号码)
• 例子3:Different personalities make our class more colorful and interesting.(不同的个性让
我们班更丰富多彩)
知识点28:join in/take part in/attend 辨析
• 核心内容:join in(加入“组织/团体”或“加入某人”);
take part in(参与“活动/事件”,强调“积极参与”);
attend(“出席”正式场合,强调“到场”)
• 例子1:Tom wants to join in the school music club because he likes singing.(汤姆想加入学
校音乐俱乐部,因为他喜欢唱歌,俱乐部是组织)
• 例子2:All students in our class will take part in the school sports meeting next month.(我
们班所有学生都会参加下个月的校运会,运动会是活动)
• 例子3:My dad will attend the parent-teacher meeting this Friday afternoon.(爸爸会参加
这周五下午的家长会,家长会是正式场合)
知识点29:relation系列词汇及发音
• 核心内容:relation([rɪˈleɪʃn] n.关系、亲戚)、related([rɪˈleɪtɪd] adj.相关的、亲戚的)、
relative([ˈrelətɪv] adj.相对的;n.亲戚)、relate(v.与…有关)
• 例子1:I have a good relation with my deskmate—we help each other every day.(我和同桌
关系很好,我们每天互相帮助)
• 例子2:These books are related to English grammar—they can help you study.(这些书和英
语语法相关,能帮你学习)
• 例子3:We usually visit our relatives during the Spring Festival.(我们通常在春节期间拜访
亲戚)
知识点30:否定前缀规则(un-/im-/in-/dis-)
• 核心内容:1. 前缀un-:加在多数形容词前表否定;2. 前缀im-/in-:im-加在m/p/b开头的形容词前,in-加在其他辅音开头的形容词前;3. 前
缀dis-:多搭配以“h”开头的形容词
• 例子1:un-:comfortable(舒服的)→ uncomfortable(不舒服的);My new shoes are
uncomfortable, so my feet hurt.(我的新鞋不舒服,所以脚疼)
• 例子 2:im-/in-:polite(礼貌的)→ impolite(不礼貌的);active(活跃的)→
inactive(不活跃的);It’s impolite to interrupt others when they are talking.(别人说话时打
断是不礼貌的)
• 例子3:dis-:honest(诚实的)→ dishonest(不诚实的);A dishonest person can’t
make real friends.(不诚实的人交不到真心朋友)
知识点31:save系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:save(v.节省、拯救、储存)、savings(n.节约、存款)、safe(adj.安全的);
常见搭配:save sb. from sth.(从……中拯救某人)
save money for sth.(为某事存钱)、
save/lose one’s life(拯救/失去某人的生命)
• 例子1:I’m saving money for a new dictionary—my old one is broken.(我在存钱买新字典,
我的旧字典坏了)
• 例子2:The kind firefighter saved the little girl from the burning house.(善良的消防员从着
火的房子里救出了小女孩)
• 例子3:We must remember to cross the road safely—safety is the most important.(我们必
须记得安全过马路,安全最重要)
知识点32:congratulation系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:congratulation(n.祝贺)、congratulate(v.祝贺);
常见搭配:congratulate sb. on (doing) sth.(祝贺某人做了某事)、
Congratulations on (doing) sth.(祝贺具体事情)、
Congratulations to sb. (on sth.)(向某人祝贺)
• 例子1:We all congratulated Lily on winning the English speech competition.(我们都祝贺莉
莉赢得了英语演讲比赛)
• 例子2:Congratulations on passing your math exam—you worked so hard!(祝贺你通过数
学考试,你付出了很多努力!)
• 例子3:My parents said “Congratulations to you on your birthday!” this morning.(今天早上
父母对我说“祝你生日快乐!”)
知识点33:tradition系列词汇
• 核心内容:tradition(n.传统)、traditional(adj.传统的)
• 例子1:Eating dumplings during the Spring Festival is a Chinese tradition.(春节吃饺子是中国的传统)
• 例子2:My grandma can cook many traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken.(奶奶
会做很多中国传统菜,比如宫保鸡丁)
• 例子3:We should learn about our country’s traditions and pass them on.(我们应该了解国
家的传统,并把它们传承下去)
知识点34:keep doing sth.句型
• 核心内容:表示“持续做某事”,强调动作的延续性
• 例子1:My brother keeps reading English books for 30 minutes every morning.(我弟弟每天
早上坚持读30分钟英语书)
• 例子2:It kept raining all weekend, so we couldn’t go out to play.(整个周末一直在下雨,
所以我们没法出去玩)
• 例子3:She keeps practicing the piano after school because she wants to be a pianist.(她放
学后一直练习钢琴,因为她想成为钢琴家)
知识点35:incorrect系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:incorrect(adj.不正确的)、correct(v.纠正;adj.正确的)、correctness(n.
正确性);
常见搭配:do sth. incorrectly(做某事不正确)
• 例子1:Your answer to this question is incorrect—let me tell you the right one.(你这道题的
答案不正确,我来告诉你正确的)
• 例子2:The teacher corrected our spelling mistakes in the homework yesterday.(昨天老师
批改了我们作业里的拼写错误)
• 例子3:You should check the correctness of your answers before handing in the test paper.
(交试卷前,你应该检查答案的正确性)
知识点36:main系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:main(adj.主要的)、mainness(n.主要性);
常见搭配:main of…(……的主要部分)、
main in(在……方面主要的)
• 例子1:Math and English are the main subjects in middle school.(数学和英语是中学的主
要科目)
• 例子2:The main part of this story is about a boy’s adventure in the forest.(这个故事的主
要部分是关于一个男孩在森林里的冒险)
• 例子3:The main reason why I like reading is that it can open my mind.(我喜欢阅读的主要
原因是它能开阔我的眼界)知识点37:cheerful系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:cheerful(adj.高兴的)、cheer(v.欢呼);
常见搭配:be cheerful to do sth.(开心地做某事)、
cheer on(为……加油助威)、
cheer up((使)振作起来、(使)开心起来)
• 例子1:My little sister is always cheerful to help others—everyone likes her.(我妹妹总是开
心地帮助别人,大家都喜欢她)
• 例子2:All classmates went to the playground to cheer on our basketball team.(所有同学都
去操场为我们的篮球队加油)
• 例子3:I told a funny joke to cheer up my friend who was sad.(我讲了个有趣的笑话,让
难过的朋友振作起来)
知识点38:impress系列词汇及搭配
• 核心内容:impress(v.给……留下深刻印象)、impression(n.印象)、impressive(adj.
令人印象深刻的)、impressed(adj.感到印象深刻的);
常见搭配:make an impression on sb.(给某人留下印象)、
impress sth. on/upon sb.(使某人铭记某事)
• 例子1:Her excellent speech made a deep impression on all the teachers.(她精彩的演讲给
所有老师留下了深刻印象)
• 例子2:The Great Wall is so impressive that many foreign visitors love it.(长城令人印象深
刻,很多外国游客都喜欢它)
• 例子3:My parents always impress the importance of studying hard on me.(父母总是让我
铭记努力学习的重要性)
单元短语总结
1. shake hands 握手 14. It is rude/polite to do sth. 做某事是粗鲁
2. bow 鞠躬 的/礼貌的
3. bump fists 碰拳 15. offer sb. sth.(= offer sth. to sb.) 给某
4. rub noses 擦鼻子(打招呼的方式) 人提供某物
5. kiss cheeks 亲吻脸颊 16. so... that... 如此……以至于……
6. hug 拥抱 17. unless... 除非……
7. press one’s palms together 双手合十 18. the proper way to do sth. 做某事的正确
8. visit friends 拜访朋友 方式
9. have dinner at one’s house 在某人家吃晚 19. be popular in 在……流行
餐 20. table manners 餐桌礼仪
10. use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 21. after the meal 饭后
11. seldom do sth. 很少做某事 22. Wait for older people to start eating 等长
12. wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事 辈先动筷
13. hold... in one’s hand 用手拿…… 23. Sit up straight 坐直24. Keep your elbows off the table 不要把胳 65. develop closer relationships 建立更亲密
膊肘放在餐桌上 的关系
25. stand up to reach for food 站起来够食物 66. go a long way 很有用、有很大帮助
26. pass sb. the dish 把菜递给某人 67. make mistakes 犯错误
27. serving chopsticks 公筷 68. brainstorm tips 头脑风暴建议
28. serving spoons 公勺 69. take sth. with sb. 随身携带某物
29. take food from shared dishes 从共享餐盘 70. marry sb. 和某人结婚
里夹菜 71. congratulate sb. 祝贺某人
30. be surprised by 对……感到惊讶 72. wish sb. happy birthday 祝某人生日快乐
31. as soon as 一……就…… 73. eat with chopsticks 用筷子吃饭
32. take off your shoes 脱掉你的鞋子 74. rules and traditions 规则与传统
33. be on time 准时 75. pull dishes close to you 把菜往自己这边
34. stick...into... 把……插进…… 拉
35. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 76. point at others 指着别人
36. use one's first name 叫某人的名字 77. wave...about 挥舞……
37. culture shock 文化冲击 78. hold...correctly 正确握住……
38. be different from 与……不同 79. plenty of practice 大量练习
39. get off the plane 下飞机 80. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
40. personal space 个人空间 81. email topic 邮件主题
41. stand close to sb. 站得离某人近 82. person receiving the email 邮件接收人
42. be used to sth. 习惯某事 83. person sending the email 邮件发送人
43. be curious about 对……好奇 84. sign-off 邮件落款
44. be interested in 对……感兴趣 85. main text 正文
45. attend a party 参加派对 86. one more week to go 还剩一周
46. arrival time 到达时间 87. be excited to do sth. 做某事很兴奋
47. safe conversation topics 安全的聊天话题 88. land in + 地点 抵达某地
48. topics to avoid 要避免的话题 89. stay with sb. 和某人待在一起
49. how to greet the host 如何问候主人 90. in one’s forties 在某人四十多岁时
50. what gifts to bring 带什么礼物 91. give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议
51. when to say goodbye 何时道别 92. bring sb. sth. 给某人带某物
52. hear from sb. 收到某人的消息 93. right table manners 正确的餐桌礼仪
53. at first 起初 94. do something silly 做傻事
54. make friends 交朋友 95. give sb. the false impression 给某人错误
55. learn about 了解 的印象
56. arrive early to a party 提前到派对 96. first impressions 第一印象
57. a few minutes late 晚几分钟 97. look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事
58. cause problems 造成问题 98. join a different group 加入不同的小组
59. get everything ready 把一切准备好 99. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
60. bring a gift 带礼物 100. rejoin one’s original group 回到原小组
61. dress for the occasion 根据场合着装 101. share what one learnt 分享所学内容
62. private questions 私人问题 102. cultural differences 文化差异
63. ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事 103. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入
64. conversation topics 聊天话题 乡随俗一、结果状语从句(表主句动作的“结果”)
核心用法
1. 引导词:主要用 so...that 和 such...that,均表示“如此……以至于……”。
◦ so...that 结构:so + 形容词/副词 + that从句(so后接“形容词/副词”,直接修饰性质
或动作程度)
例:She is so kind that everyone likes her.(她人太好了,所有人都喜欢她);
He runs so quickly that I can’t follow him.(他跑得太快,我跟不上)
◦ such...that 结构:
① such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that从句
例:It’s such a interesting book that I read it twice.(这是本超有趣的书,我读了两遍)
② such + 形容词 + 不可数名词/可数名词复数 + that从句
例:They are such cute dogs that kids love playing with them.(这些狗太可爱了,孩子们都喜
欢和它们玩)
重点
• so和such的根本区别:so后接“形容词/副词”,such后接“名词短语”(形容词+名
词),二者不可混用(如不能说“such fast”或“so a book”)。
注意事项
• 区分 so that(目的状语从句) 和 so...that(结果状语从句):so that表“为了……”,
常配情态动词(can/could);so...that表“如此……以至于”,无情态动词,且有明确结
果。
例:He studies hard so that he can pass the exam(目的:为了通过考试);
He studies so hard that he passed the exam(结果:学得太努力,以至于通过了考试)。
二、条件状语从句(表主句动作的“条件”)
核心用法
1. 引导词:常用 if(如果)、unless(除非,=if not)、as long as(只要)。
2. 核心时态规则:主将从现(主句用“一般将来时/祈使句/含情态动词的句子”,从句用
“一般现在时”表将来条件)。
例:① If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home(主句将来时,从句现在时);② Unless
you hurry up, you will miss the bus(unless=if you don’t hurry up);③ Tell me as long as you
need help(主句祈使句,从句现在时)。
重点
• unless的替换理解:记准“unless=if not”,翻译时可先换成if not验证逻辑(如“Unless
you work hard, you can’t pass”=“If you don’t work hard, you can’t pass”)。
• 主句的三种形式:除了“will+动词原形”,还能是祈使句(开头用动词原形)或含
can/may/must的句子(如“You can go out if you finish homework”)。
注意事项
• 区分 if的两种含义:if引导条件从句时(表“如果”),遵循“主将从现”;if引导宾
语从句时(表“是否”),时态随主句(如“I don’t know if he will come tomorrow”,此处if是“是否”,不遵循主将从现)。
三、时间状语从句(表主句动作的“时间”)
核心用法(按引导词分类)
1. when(当……时候)
◦ 用法:从句动作可长可短,主从句时态需呼应(如主句用过去时,从句也用过去时;主
句现在时,从句现在时)。
例:When I got to school, the bell was ringing(从句短暂动作,主句延续动作);When I
have free time, I read books(主从句均现在时)。
2. while(当……时候)
◦ 用法:从句动作必须是 延续性的(如read、play、cook),主从句常搭配“过去进行时
+过去进行时”(表同时进行)或“一般过去时+过去进行时”(表一个动作打断另一个)。
例:While we were talking, the teacher came in(我们聊天时,老师进来了,聊天是延续动
作)。
3. as soon as(一……就……)
◦ 用法:遵循“主将从现”规则(同条件从句),表两个动作衔接紧密。
例:I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing(我一到北京就给你打电话)。
4. until(直到……)
◦ 用法:分两种情况,关键看主句动词类型:
① 肯定句:主句用 延续性动词(如wait、stay、work),表“动作持续到从句时间”;
例:I waited until my mom came back(我等到妈妈回来,wait是延续动作)。
② 否定句(not...until):主句用 短暂性动词(如start、sleep、arrive),表“动作到从
句时间才发生”;
例:She didn’t go to bed until she finished homework(她做完作业才睡觉,go to bed是短暂
动作)。
5. before/after(在……之前/之后)
◦ 用法:主从句时态呼应(常用“一般过去时+一般过去时”或“一般现在时+一般现在
时”)。
例:Wash your hands before you eat(吃饭前洗手);After he finished work, he went to the
gym(他下班后去了健身房)。
重点
• while的延续性动作:只要用while,从句动词必须是“能持续一段时间”的(如不能说
“While I got up...”,got up是短暂动作,需换成“When I got up...”)。
• until的动词搭配:记准“肯定句+延续动词,否定句+短暂动词”,这是初中高频易错点。
• as soon as的时态:严格遵循“主将从现”,不能说“As soon as I will arrive...”。
注意事项
• when和while的时态差异:when可接短暂/延续动作,while只接延续动作;当两个延续
动作同时进行时,只能用 while(如“While I was reading, my sister was listening to
music”,不能用when替换此处的while)。
• not...until的翻译:不能直译为“直到……不……”,要译为“直到……才……”(如“She didn’t arrive until 9”=“她直到9点才到”,不是“她直到9点不到”)。