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Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet？
核心话题 文学与音乐
重点词汇 1. treasure 2. island 3. classic 4. page 5. hurry 6. due 7. ship 8. too
9. gun 10. mark 11. sand 12. towards 13. land 14. fiction 15. technology
16. French 17. pop 18. rock 19. forever 20. abroad 21. fan 22. southern
23. modern 24. success 25. belong 26. laughter 27. beauty 28. record 29.
introduce 30. line
重点短语 1.full of 2.grow up 3.put…down 4.at least
Unit4 5.hurry up 6.even since 7.belong to 8.one another
重点句型 1. —Have you read Little Woman yet? 你读过《小妇人》吗？
—Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. 是的，我读过。/ 不，我没读过。
2. —What books have you already read? 你已经读过什么书？
—I’ve already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter. 我已经读过《汤姆·索亚历险记》和
《哈利·波特》。
语法 现在完成时（Ⅰ）
写作 写关于一位作家、一本书或一名歌手、一个乐队的短文
考点 1. yet
1. Have you read Little Women yet? 你读过《小妇人》吗？
本句是现在完成时的一般疑问句。yet常用于现在完成时的疑问句和否定句中,表示“还,尚,已经”,通
常位于句末。
☞ I haven’t made a decision yet.我还没有做出决定。
☞Has he finished his work yet?他做完了他的工作了吗?
【知识拓展】
not yet 的意思是“尚未,还没有”,常用于一般疑问句的答语。
☞ —Have you seen the new play?你看那部新戏剧了吗?—Not yet.还没有。
注意：
在肯定句中要用already,变疑问句时要把already换为yet。
☞I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。
☞Have you seen the film yet?你看这部电影了吗?【易混辨析】yet/still
(1) yet用于疑问句、否定句中,表示“到此时,至今,尚,还”,常用于现在完成时中,位于句末。
☞He has not come yet.他还没有来。
(2)yet用于肯定句表示“还,仍然,依然”,相当于still,但yet具有强烈的感情色彩。
☞My son is sleeping yet.我儿子还在睡觉。(暗示别大声说话)
☞His tooth is aching still.他的牙还在疼呢。(只是叙述一件事实)
(3)still意为“仍然,还”,表示某事正在进行中或正在某过程中,多用于进行时和一般现在时的肯定句/疑问句
中。
still还可用来修饰比较级。
☞They are still talking in the room.他们仍在房间里谈话。
☞He is still more careful.他还是那么小心谨慎。学科&网
【经典练】1．（22-23八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）—Have you heard from him ________? —Sorry, I haven’t.
A．already B．still C．yet D．just
【写作佳句】（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）I will try my best to help you, though I don’t know what to start
with yet.我将尽力帮助你，虽然我还不知道从何做起。
考点 2.already
2. Yes,I’ve already read it. 是的，我已经读过了。
(1) already adv.已经,多用于肯定句中,一般放在实义动词前或助动词、be动词后。若位于句末表示强调。
☞The train has already left.火车已经开走了。
☞She is already here. She’s very early.
她已经到这儿了。她来得很早。
(2) already也可用于疑问句,含有“惊奇”之意,可以置于句中,有时为了强调置于句末。
☞Has your son gone to school already ?你的儿子已经上学了吗?(表示很惊讶)
【经典练】1．（22-23八年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）—Have you had breakfast ________?
—Yes, I have ________ had a hamburger and drunk milk.
A．ever, yet B．yet, never C．yet, already
写作佳句】（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）We can depend on ourselves because we have already been old
【
enough.我们可以靠自己，因为我们已经足够大了。
考点 3. full
3. Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures. 《雾都孤儿》是关于一个男孩出海，并发现了一个满是宝藏的岛屿。
（1）full of treasures作后置定语,修饰前面的名词island。full of表示“充满……”,full是形容词,of后接名
词。
☞The box is full of books.这个箱子装满了书。
【知识拓展】
fill v.装满;注满。fill…with… 用……装满……,其主语通常是人,被动语态为be filled with,
相当于be full of。
☞The boy filled his backpack with books and pencils.
这个男孩在双肩背包里装满了书和铅笔。
☞The bottle was filled with water.瓶子里装满了水。
（2）treasure意为“珠宝，财富”时，通常用作不可数名词；意为“珍品，珍宝，贵重物品”时，为可数
名词。
☞They didn’t find the treasure of the wrecked ship. 他们没有找到那艘遇难船上的宝物。
☞The museum has lots of art treasures.这家博物馆藏有很多艺术珍宝。
【经典练】1．—Could you go to a movie with me this Saturday?
—Sorry, that day is ________ for me. I have much housework to do.
A．meaningless B．full C．relaxing D．available
【写作佳句】（2023·福建·中考真题）Though David has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the
future.尽管大卫失败了很多次，但他总是对未来充满希望。
考点 4.put down
4. It was really good, so I couldn’t put it down. 它真的很好，所以我对它爱不释手。
put down“放下；记下”，为“动词+副词”型短语；宾语若为代词，应放在put与down中间。can't put
sth. down意为“对某物爱不释手”。
☞Don't put up your hands. Please put them down.你们不要举手，请放下。
☞Let me put down your telephone number.让我记下你的电话号码。
☞It is an interesting book and he can't put it down.它是一本有趣的书，他对它爱不释手。
【知识拓展】
put的相关短语：
put away 收起来 put off 推迟
put on 穿上 put up 张贴
【经典练】1.Please ________ your knife immediately! It’s too dangerous.
A．put up B．put on C．put down D．turn on
【写作佳句】（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I loved the book so much that I could hardly put it down.我太喜欢这本书了，简直爱不释手。
考点 5. hurry up
5. You should hurry up.The book report is due in two weeks. 你应该快点。读书报告两周后必须交。
（1）hurry up为固定短语，意为“赶快，急忙（做某事）”。hurry 此处用作不及物动词，意为“匆忙，
赶快”。
☞He is hurrying to school.他正急急忙忙朝学校赶去。
☞Hurry up， or you will be late.快点，否则你会迟到的。
【知识拓展】
hurry的相关短语：
(1) hurry off/away意为“匆匆离去”。
☞Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man.赵老师匆匆赶去照看那个人。
(2) hurry into意为“匆忙进入”。
☞Her parents are trying to hurry her into marriage.她的父母设法催她快点结婚。
(3) hurry out意为“匆忙出去”。
☞The man hurried out of the car before reporters
could speak to him.记者们还未来得及与他交谈， 这个男人就匆匆离开了汽车。
(4) in a hurry意为“匆忙地”。
☞He left home in a hurry and forgot to turn off the light
this morning.今天上午他匆忙离开家，忘记关灯了。
（2）due此处作形容词，“预期；预定；预计”，后面引出预期的时间、地点等。
☞Her baby is due next month.她的宝宝预计在下个月出生。
☞Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12：30.
我们的飞机预计于12：30降落在上海虹桥国际机场。
【知识拓展】
be due to do sth.意为“预期做某事”
The meeting is due to start at 3：30.会议预定3:30开始。
（3）in two weeks 意为“两周之后”。“in＋一段时间”表示“在……以后”，常用在一般将来时的句
子中。对此提问用how soon。
☞He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。注意：“after＋一段时间”常用在一般过去时的句子中。
☞He got to Beijing after two hours. 他是两个小时后抵达北京的。
【经典练】1．________, or you’ll be late for the meeting.
A．Hurry up B．Turn on C．Put up
【写作佳句】（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second.
We have little time left.快点，苏梅！毕业典礼马上就要开始了。我们剩下的时间不多了。
考点 6. arrive
6. When I first arrived on this island,I had nothing. 当我最初来到这个岛上时，我一无所有。
arrive是不及物动词,后面接宾语时,常接介词in或 at。表示到达大地点时,要用介词in;到达某个村、镇、
车站、机场等小地方时,要用介词at。
☞What time does the train arrive in Shanghai? 这列火车什么时候到达上海?
☞We can arrive at the village at two o’clock. 我们在两点钟能到达那个村子。
【易混辨析】get/arrive/reach
(1)“get to+地点”表示“到达某地”,to后若接副词here/there/home等时,to省略。
☞Write to us when you get there.
你到那里时请给我们来信。
(2)arrive at+小地点,arrive in+大地点,arrive后若接副词here/there/home等时,at/in省略。
☞We arrived in Shanghai this morning.
我们是今天早晨到达上海的。
(3) reach到达,可直接接宾语。
☞They usually reach the school at five o’clock.他们通常5点钟到达学校。
【经典练】1．If the pop singer ________ on time, the fans will be very disappointed.
A．won’t arrive B．doesn’t arrive C．didn’t arrive D．don’t arrive
【写作佳句】（2020·海南·中考真题）Eight members of a Chinese team arrived at the top of Mount
Qomolangma successfully.中国八名队员成功登上了珠穆朗玛峰山顶。
考点 7. although
7. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. 虽然我失去了一切，但至少我还活着。
（1）although conj.虽然,尽管;不过,然而。引导让步状语从句。
☞Although/Though it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
尽管天气很冷,但他还是没有穿大衣就出去了。
【注意】 although/though表示“虽然,尽管”,这两个词都不能与but连用,即用了although/though,就不能再
用but,不过可以与yet/still一起使用。虽然下着雨,然而足球赛仍然继续进行。
误: Although it was raining, but the football match still went on.
正: It was raining, but the football match still went on.
正: Although it was raining, the football match still went on.
正: Although it was raining, yet the football match still went on.
Although he is very old, yet (still) he is quite strong.他虽然上了年纪,但还是十分强壮。
【知识拓展】
even though/if即使,尽管
as though/if好像,仿佛(这两个词组中though不可以
换为although)。
（2）lose one's life相当于动词die。life意为“性命”，属可数名词，在数上要与one's一致。
[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]
☞The Greens lost their lives in the car accident. 格林一家人在那次车祸中丧生了。
【知识拓展】
①life泛指一般意义的“生活”时，为不可数名词。
Our life is getting better and better.我们的生活变得越来越
好。
②life表示某种方式的“生活”时，常用单数形式。
We are living a happy life.我们过着幸福的生活。
[来源:Zxxk.Com]
【经典练】1．（22-23八年级下·吉林长春·期中）________ the prices are a little higher at that supermarket,
we like to go shopping there anyway.
A．Although B．As long as C．Since D．If
【写作佳句】（2023·新疆·中考真题）Although the times keep changing, young people in China have shown
the same promise.尽管时代在不断变化，但中国的年轻人表现出了同样的希望。
考点 8. else
8. Who else is on my island? 还有谁在我的岛上？
else为副词，意为“别的,其他的”,用在疑问词where,what,who等及不定代词something,
anything,nothing,everyone等之后。
☞What else did he say?他还说了些什么?
☞I have something else to tell you.我有一些其他的事要告诉你。
☞When else can we come again?我们什么时候还能再来呢?
【易混辨析】else/other
(1) else用在疑问代词、副词或不定代词之后,即else用在所修饰的词后(后置)。☞Where else would you like to go?你还想去别的什么地方?
(2) other为形容词，意为“别的；其他的”，常放在名词之前作定语。也可用作代词，
表示“其他的人或物”。
☞What's that in your other hand？ 你的另一只手里拿着什么？
☞Other people may not think that way. 别人可能不那样想。
【经典练】1．—Who ________ wants to take a trip with me?
—I will if I am free.
A．else B．other C．another
【写作佳句】（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）Mom said I had to clean my bedroom before doing anything else.妈
妈说我在做其他事情之前必须先打扫我的卧室。
考点 9. see sb. doing sth.
9. …I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. ……我看到一些食人肉者正试图杀死
两个来自破船上的人。
see sb. doing sth.指“看见某人正在做某事”,即看见的行为或事件正在进行。而see sb. do sth.指“看见
了某人做某事的全过程”。
☞I saw them chatting on the Internet a moment ago.刚才我看见他们在网上聊天。学科&网
☞Did you see your English teacher come into the classroom?你看见你的英语老师走进教室了吗?
【知识拓展】
与see用法相似的动词还有:hear, watch, feel, notice等。
【经典练】1．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Would you like to see the movie Changjin Lake this evening?
—Oh, it’s a good movie. But I _________ it already.
A．saw B．have seen C．see D．will see
【写作佳句】As a teacher, I really feel worried to see so many students wearing glasses.作为一名老师，看到这
么多学生戴眼镜，我真的很担心。
考点 10.leave
10. 1.Do you know when Tom is leaving? 你知道汤姆什么时候离开吗？
is leaving是现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,现在进行时表示将来的句子的谓语动词绝大多数是位移动词,
这样的动词有:arrive, come, drive, fly, go, leave, travel等。
☞I’m going home tonight.我今晚回家。
☞We’re leaving for Changsha tomorrow.我们明天就去长沙。
【易混辨析】
leave/leave for/leave…for…/leave from(1) leave意为“离开;出发;离去”,其后接表示地点的名词,构成“leave+地点名词”短语。
☞When did you leave London?你们是什么时候离开伦敦的?
(2) leave for后接地点名词表示“动身去某地”。
☞We are leaving for Rome next week.我们下周将要去罗马。
(3) leave…for…表示“离开……去……”。
☞They will leave Nanjing for Hangzhou tomorrow.明天他们将离开南京去杭州。
(4) leave from表示“从……离开”,from后的地点是离开的地方。
☞I’m leaving from school.我要从学校离开。
【经典练】1．—Guess what! I ________ for Russia tomorrow.
—Wow, have a good trip!
A．left B．leave C．am leaving
【写作佳句】（2023·甘肃甘南·中考真题）Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.当
你离开教室的时候不要忘记关灯。
考点 11.can’t wait to do sth
11. .…and she can’t wait to read them! ……就迫不及待想读它们
can’t wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。
☞The girl can’t wait to open the box.这个女孩迫不及待地要打开这个盒子。
☞I really can’t wait to go on holidays in Australia.我真是迫不及待地想去澳大利亚度假。
【知识拓展】
(1) can't help doing sth.意为“情不自禁地做某事”。
☞He could not help laughing.他忍不住笑了起来。
(2) can't stand doing sth.意为“不能容忍做某事”。
☞I can't stand waiting for such a long time.我不能容忍等这么久。
(3) can't stop doing sth. 意为“不能停止做某事”。
eg：The boy couldn't stop crying when he heard the bad
news.当他听到这个坏消息时，这个男孩不停地哭起来。
【经典练】1．—Why are you in a hurry, Kelly?
—My favourite writer is in the school library. I can’t wait ________ him
A．see B．to see C．seeing D．saw
写作佳句】I can’t wait to visit your new house with a beautiful garden.我等不及要去参观你那有美丽花园的
【
新房子了。考点 12. fight
12. When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family. 当萨拉年少时，
她几乎每一件事都要与她的家人争吵。
fight over为固定短语，相当于fight about，意为“因为……而争论；争夺……”，其中fight作不及
物动词，意为“打架；战斗”。
☞The two dogs were fighting over a bone. 两只狗为了一块骨头在撕咬。
【知识拓展】
fight with sb.
have a fight with sb.
和某人争吵
Please don’t fight with others. 请不要和别人争吵。
【经典练】1．I _______ with Clerk, but we were friends soon again.
A．fight B．fought C．am fighting D．will fight
【写作佳句】（2021·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）Mulan is a brave girl who takes her father’s place to fight in the
arm.木兰是一个勇敢的女孩，她代替父亲参军。
考点 13.make
13. It made Sarah think about her family and friends back in the US.这首歌让萨拉想起来她在美国的家
人和朋友。
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。make 意为“使变得；促使；迫使”，是使役动词，常见结构：
make ＋名词/代词＋形容词，意为“使……处于某种状态”。
☞The news made my father feel sad. 这个消息使我的爸爸感到伤心。
☞He always makes us happy. 他总是使我们快乐。
【经典练】1．—Is Mary _______ soup right now?
—Yes. She often _______ good soup.
A．making; making B．makes; making C．makes; makes D．making; makes
【写作佳句】（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）Mike made faces to make his little brother laugh.麦克做鬼脸让他
的弟弟笑。
考点 14.come to
5. She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她逐渐意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们
所有的人。
come to意为“（事情）逐渐；终于……”，相当于begin/get to，后面跟动词原形，常与know, understand,
realize, be, love, like等动词连用，强调渐变过程。
☞I came to like her.我逐渐喜欢上她了。
☞I came to understand his love. 我开始理解他的爱。
【知识拓展】
come to do意为“来做（从事）某事”。
☞Excuse me， would you like to come to help me with my English？
打扰了，你愿意来帮助我学英语吗？
【经典练】1．—What will you do on weekends?
—We will have a rest if my uncle _______ to visit us.
A．is coming B．came C．comes D．will come
写作佳句】（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—More and more foreigners come to visit China.越来越多的外国人
【
来中国旅游。
考点 15.since
15. Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music. 从那以后，她成了美国乡村音乐的一
名歌迷。
ever since相当于since， ever 起强调作用， 其后可接短语或句子。接句子时，从句用一般过去时，主句用
现在完成时。
☞I haven't heard from him ever since last year. 自去年以来我就未曾收到过他的信。
注意：ever since 可单独使用，放于句末。
He fell ill at Christmas and has been ill ever since. 他在圣诞节生病了，此后就一直不适。
【易混辨析】since，for
since, for两者都可用于完成时的句子里
I have been teaching for twenty years in this
for 后面的宾语是一段时间
school.我已在这所学校任教20年了。
I’ve been skating since I was six years old.
跟过去某一时间点或表示过去的 从6岁起我就开始溜冰了。
since
句子。
He’s lived here since he was born.他出生以来
就一直住在这里。【经典练】1．（22-23八年级下·广西南宁·期中）—What a nice watch! How long have you had it?
—________ two weeks ago.
A．Since B．For C．In
【写作佳句】（2023·山东青岛·中考真题）My hometown has changed a lot since the subway was put into
use.自从地铁投入使用以来，我的家乡改变了很多。
考点 16. such as
16. Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and
success, but not about belonging to a group. 现在许多歌曲知识关于美国现代生活的，比如金钱和成功的
重要性,而不是有关归属感的。
（1）such as在口语中相当于介词 like,意为“诸如……,像……,例如”,such as后面不可用逗号。
☞She likes drinks, such as tea and coffee.她喜欢饮料,例如茶和咖啡。
☞Children like ball games， such as basketball，football and table tennis.
孩子们喜欢球类运动，例如篮球、足球和乒乓球。
【易混辨析】such as, for example
列举整体之中的部分同类人或事物作例。其后没有
such as
逗号，直接加所列举的内容。
列举整体之中的一个为例，在句子中多用作插入
for example 语，用逗号与其前内容隔开，位置可以在句首、句
中或句末。
☞Tom， for example， is my good friend.例如，汤姆是我的好朋友。
☞I have some good friends，such as Tom，Kate and Wang Bin.
我有一些好朋友，例如汤姆、凯特和王斌。
（2）belong to意为“属于……，为……所拥有”。belong to不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。
☞I used to belong to a youth club.我曾是一个青年俱乐部的成员。
☞The house belongs to my grandfather.这房子是我祖父的。
注意：
belong to中的to是介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。
☞The bike belongs to my mother.这辆自行车属于我妈妈。
☞This classroom belongs to us. 这间教室属于我们。
（3）success此处用作不可数名词，意为“成功”。☞What’s the secret of your success? 你成功的秘诀是什么？
【拓展】
success还可用作可数名词，意为“成功的人或事”。 succeed v. 成功 successful adj. 成功的
☞The film was a great success. 那部电影大获成功。
【经典练】1．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Some of the European languages come from Latin,
________ French, Italian and Spanish.
A．such as B．as well C．for example D．because of
【写作佳句】Traditional (传统的) Chinese art usually tries to show something important in life, such as love,
beauty and family.中国传统艺术通常试图展示生活中的一些重要事物，比如爱情、美丽和家庭。
考点 17. has been to
17. Sarah hasn’t been to Nashville yet…萨拉还没有去过纳什维尔……
“have/has been to＋某地”意为“去过某地（已经回来）”，当表地点的词为副词时，则省略to。
☞I have been to Beijing Zoo.我去过北京动物园。
☞He hasn't been there before.他以前没去过那儿。
【拓展】
[来源:学*科*网]
“have/has gone to＋某地”意为“去某地了（尚未回来）”。
☞—Where is Tom？ 汤姆在哪儿？
—He has gone to the library.他去图书馆了。
【经典练】1．—Have you ever _________ any other country before?
—Yes. I _________ Australia last year. I’ve stayed there for two weeks.
A．been to; gone to B．been to; went to
C．gone to; been to D．gone to; went to
【写作佳句】Tom with his friends has been to Shanghai many times before.汤姆和他的朋友以前去过上海很
多次了。
考点 18.one of
18. Garth is one of the most successful musicians in American history. 加思是美国历史上最成功的音乐人
之一。
one of the + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最……的……之一”，此结构作主语时，谓语动词用单
数形式。
☞Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. 北京是世界上最大的城市之一。学科*网
☞One of the oldest students is English in his class. 他的班级中最大的学生之一是英国人。【经典练】1．（22-23八年级下·重庆南岸·期中）________ of my friends got hurt in a car accident. I’m
going to visit him soon.
A．Both B．Each C．Several D．One
【写作佳句】（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）China is one of the oldest countries in the world.中国是世界上最
古老的国家之一。考查名词复数。
考点 19.the number of
19. The number of records he has sold …他已售出的唱片的数量……
the number of表示“……的数量”,后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数。
☞The number of the students in this class is fifty-five.这个班的学生人数是55人。
【易混辨析】the number of 与a number of
作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
the number of ……的数量
[来源:Z,xx,k.Com] 其后接可数
名词复数
a number of “许多”，相当于many 作主语是，谓语动词用复数形式
[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
☞I have a number of things to do today.今天我有许多事要做。
☞A number of students are playing soccer on the playground. 许多学生正在操场上踢足球。
【经典练】1．—There are ________ candles on the birthday cake.
—Yes, ________ them is the person’s age.
A．the number of, a number of
B．a number of, a number of
C．a number of, the number of
【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）Nowadays, a number of people like HUAWEI phones better, and
about four fifths of them are adults.如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中约五分之四是成年人。
一．语法精讲
现在完成时（一）
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直
持续到现在的动作或状态。常与already（已经），just（刚刚），ever（曾经），never（从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。
考点1 现在完成时的结构
主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
肯定句 I have already finished my homework.
我已经完成了我的作业。
主语＋have/has＋not＋动词的过去分词＋其他.
否定句 I have not heard from him yet.
我还没收到他的来信。
Have/Has＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？
Yes，主语＋have/has.
No，主语＋have/has not.
一般疑问句和简略回
—Have you ever been to Beijing？
答
你曾去过北京吗？
—Yes，I have.是的，我去过。/
No，I haven't.不，我没去过。
注意： have not 常简略为haven't，has not 常简略为hasn't。
考点2 already与yet在现在完成时中的用法
源:Z
通常用于肯定句中，
I have already had
already adv.已经；早 一般用于have/has
breakfast.我已经吃过
已 后，实义动词前，也
早饭了。
有放在句尾的情况。
I haven't done my
用于否定句和疑问句 homework yet.
yet adv.还；已经
中，一般用在句末。
我还没有做作业。
考点3 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
1. 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成
的
影响或结果。
I saw this film yesterday. 我昨天看了这部电影。
I have seen this film. 这部电影我已经看过了。学&科网
2. 一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语（如：
yesterday， last week， three days ago， in 1990等）连用；现在完成时不与表示明确的过去的时间状语
连用，但可以与in the past...years/weeks， so far等时间状语连用。Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 昨晚汤姆给他父母写了一封信。
The weather has been so hot so far this summer. 到目前为止，今年夏天天气一直很热。
二、文学与音乐
词汇积累
type 种类 finish doing sth.完成某事 put down 放下
cut down 砍倒 wait for 等待 be interested in 对……感兴趣
can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事 belong to 属于
do some research on sth.做一些关于……的研究 come to realize 开始意识到
bring sb.back 使某人回忆;回顾 enjoy success in 享受……的成功
used to do sth.过去常常做某事
句型积累
1.Chen Ping likes reading.She has read at least 200 different books.
陈萍喜欢阅读。她已经读了至少200本不同的书。
2.The movie brings me back to my college life.这部电影使我想起了我的大学生活。
3.That book reminds students that studying without thinking is dangerous.
那本书提醒学生没有思考的学习是很危险的。
4.Mo Yan is one of the most successful writers in China.莫言是中国最成功的作家之一。
5.The writer grew up in the mountain and he belonged to it.
这位作家在大山里长大,他属于这座大山。
【单元写作素材】
◆开头句
①Mo Yan is one of the most successful writers in Chinese history.
②Now she has become one of the most successful writers in the world.
③I enjoy reading different kinds of books，and my favorite book is Journey to the West.
◆中间句
①The story was so amazing that I couldn’t put it down until I finished reading it.
②This book teaches me never to give up when I am in trouble.
③If we are brave enough and not afraid of failure，we will succeed in the end.
◆结尾句
①If you haven’t read any of the books yet，pick one now.
②You will find a wonderful world in it.
③It reminds us that the best things in life are free—laughter，friends，family and so on.
④All in all，the book not only gives me a lot of fun but also tells me what to do when I am in trouble.⑤Reading can make a difference to our life.
◆谚语积累
1.There is no end to learning.学无止境。
2.One is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
3.A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。
4.Reading ten thousand books is like traveling ten thousand miles.读万卷书，行万里路。
常用句型
①It's about four sisters growing up.
②I chose Treasure Island, but I haven't finished reading it yet.
③Her favorite kind of books is science fiction.
④Every time she is in the library，Sally looks at the many books she hasn't read yet and she can't wait to read
them.
⑤Listening to The Toms is a good way to wake up.
⑥She heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio.
⑦Garth is one of the most successful musicians in American history.
⑧He's sold more than 120 million records.
⑨Many songs these days are just about modern life.
动听的音乐就像是飞舞的蝴蝶在空中翩翩起舞，也像是叮咚的泉水在山间流淌，有时候，也像是璀
璨的星辰，在夜空里闪烁。各种各样的音乐中，你最喜欢哪一种呢？请从country music, light music,
classical music, folk music, pop music…中选择你最喜欢的音乐种类，以“My favorite music”为题，写一篇
不少于60 词的作文。
提示：
1. What kind of music do you like best?
2. When do you usually listen to it?
3. Why is it your favorite?
4. Who is your favorite musician or singer?
要求：
1. 短文应包括以上要点，并适当发挥，使文章连贯；
2. 书写工整；
3. 文中不得出现自己的真实姓名和校名。
My favorite music
___________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My favorite music
There are many kinds of music. I like soft music best. Before I go to sleep, I always listen to soft music. It
can help me relax and have a good dream. My mother tells me that before I was born, she listened to soft music all
the time, so I must be affected by her. My favorite musician is Matthew Lien. His goal is to arouse people’s
awareness of protecting the environment by music.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主，还有“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示要点并适当进行发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明自己最喜欢的音乐类型和听音乐的时间；
第二步，说明喜欢这类音乐的原因；
第三步，介绍自己最喜欢的音乐家。
[亮点词汇]
①many kinds of许多种
②help sb do sth帮助某人做某事
③be affected by受……影响
④arouse one’s awareness唤起某人的意识
[高分句型]
①My mother tells me that before I was born, she listened to soft music all the time, so I must be affected by her.
（that引导的宾语从句）
②His goal is to arouse people’s awareness of protecting the environment by music.（动词不定式作表语）
短语
full of满是……的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的 put…down把……放下
hurry up赶快；急忙（做某事） science fiction科幻小说（或影片等）lose one's life失去生命 country music乡村音乐fight over为……争吵
ever since自从 one another互相
belong to属于 the home of… ……的发源地
on the radio在收音机里；通过无线电广播 come to realize逐渐意识到
句型
1.—Have you read Little Women yet？你读过《小妇人》吗？
—Yes，I have./No，I haven't.是的，我读过。/不，我没有读过。
2.—Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?蒂娜读过《金银岛》吗？
—Yes，she has. She thinks it's fantastic.是的，她读过。她认为这本书好极了。
3.You should hurry up. The book report is due in two weeks.
你应该赶快（读）。读书报告的上交期限是两周后。
4.I've brought back many things I can use—food and drink，tools，knives and guns.我带回来了许多我能用的
东西——食物和饮品、工具、刀和枪。
5.Listening to The Toms is a good way to wake up.
听汤姆乐队的音乐是让人清醒的一种好方法。
6.When Sarah was a teenager，she used to fight over almost everything with her family.当萨拉还是一个青少年
时，她常常因为几乎每件事都要和家人争吵。
7.Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US，such as the importance of money and success，
but not about belonging to a group.
如今的许多歌曲仅仅涉及美国的现代生活，例如金钱和成功的重要性，而与群体归属感无关。
现在完成时
1.现在完成时的含义现在完成时表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的结果和影响，
或从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并有可能还会持续下去的动作或状态。
2.现在完成时的句式结构现在完成时是由“助动词 have/has+过去分词”构成的，规则动词过去分词
的构成是直接在单词后面加-ed，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。
肯定式主语+have/has+过去分词+其他.
He has read this book before.他以前读过这本书。
否定式主语+haven't /hasn't+过去分词+其他.
I haven't cleaned out the room.我还没清理干净房间。
疑问式Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？
—Have you washed the clothes？你洗衣服了吗？
—No，I haven't.没有，还没洗。现在完成时的一般疑问句的答语：
肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has.
否定回答：No，主语+haven't/hasn't.
3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时一般过去时用法表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况。表示过去
某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。
时间状语常和 already，yet，just，ever，never，before，since， for等连用。常和 yesterday，last
week，just now，in 2012，two days ago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。
谓语动词与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词。谓语动词没有延续性
或非延续性动词的限制。
二.词汇精讲
1. be full of
be full of意为“充满”，相当于be filled with。例如：
The glass is full of water.=The glass is filled with water. 杯子里装满了水。
The classroom is full of different boys and girls. 教室里挤满了不同的男孩女孩。
2. put down
put down意为“记下，放下”，为“动副型”短语，宾语若为代词，应放在put与down之间。例如：
Put down the new words and then read them loud.把生词记下来，然后大声读出来。
Put down your bag and take a rest.把包放下，休息一会吧。
【拓展】
put短语集锦：
put up搭起；张贴；举起 put off推迟 put away放好；存钱 put back放回；把（钟）拨慢
put out伸出；扑灭 put into放进；翻译 put on穿上 put one’s heart into用心去做
3. hurry up
hurry up为固定短语，意为“赶快；快点”。例如：
Hurry up, or you will be late.快点，否则你会迟到的。
【拓展】
常见的hurry短语集锦：
(1) hurry off/away意为“匆匆离去”。例如：
Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man.赵老师匆匆赶去照看那个人。
(2) hurry into意为“匆忙进入”。例如：
Her parents are trying to hurry her into marriage.她父母设法催她快点结婚。
(3) hurry out意为“匆忙出去”。例如：The man hurried out of the car before reporters could speak to him.
记者们还未来得及与他交谈，这人就匆匆离开了汽车。
(4) in a hurry意为“匆忙地”。例如：
Don’t be in a hurry.不要着急。
4. due to
due to为固定短语，意为“由于，因为”，后接代词或名词。例如：
He didn’t come to school due to his illness. 他因生病没有来学校。
【拓展】
（1）due作形容词，意为“预期，预订”，其后可接动词不定式。例如：
When is the train due?火车预计什么时候到？
Her baby is due next month.她的宝宝预计在下个月出生。
The guests are due to arrive very soon.客人们很快就会到。
（2）due作形容词，意为“到期的，应付的”，通常与介词to连用，due to sb.意为“应付或应给予某
人”。例如：
The bill is due.这张票据已过期。
A great deal of money is due to you.要付你一大笔钱。
5. lose
lose作及物动词，意为“失去”。例如：
We don’t want to lose this football match.我们不想输掉这场足球赛。
He lost his left arm in the last year’s accident.他在去年那场事故中失去了左臂。
【拓展】
辨析lost与missing
（1）lost指“失而找不到的；迷路的”。例如：
The lost ring was never found.遗失的戒指再也没找到。
He took the lost child to the policeman.他把迷路的小孩带到警察那里。
（2）missing指“缺少的；不见了的”。例如：
The book had two pages missing/two missing pages.那本书缺两页。
6. cut down
cut down为固定短语，意为“把……砍到；减少；缩量”，cut此处作及物动词，其过去式和过去分词是
cut本身。例如：
They cut down the big tree. 他们把这棵大树砍到了。
You’d better cut the article down to about 2000 words. 你最好把这篇文章缩减到两千字左右。
【拓展】(1) cut sb. sth. = cut sth. for sb.意为“为某人切某物”。例如：
He cut me a slice of bread. = He cut a slice of bread for me. 他为我切了一块面包。
(2) cut sth. into sth.意为“把某物切成……”。例如：
First cut the meat into small pieces.首先把肉切成小块。
(3) cut in意为“插入；插话；插队”。例如：
Don’t cut in when others are talking.别人说话的时候别插话。
He cut in at the head of the line.他在队伍的前面插队。
(4) cut off意为“切断；隔断；断绝”。例如：
The flood cut the villagers off from the rest of the world.洪水切断了村民们与外界的联系。
7. mark
mark作可数名词，意为“痕迹；记号”。例如：
The dogs always make dirty marks.这些狗总是制造斑斑污迹。
The lighthouse on the top of the hill serves as a mark for fliers.山顶上的灯塔成了飞行员识别地形的标志。
【拓展】
(1) mark作名词，意为“分数；成绩”。例如：
She scored the highest marks in the exam.她在考试中得了最高分。
What’s your mark in your test?你考试多少分？
(2) mark作动词，意为“给……打分；给……评分”。例如：
The teacher marked the examination papers.教师给试卷打了分数。
8. name
（1）name作及物动词，意为“给……取名；给……命名”，name sb. sth.意为“给某人取名为……”。
例如：
They name their child John.他们给孩子取名叫约翰。
（2）name作名词，意为“名字”。例如：
What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？
【拓展】
（1）named为过去分词，做后置定语，意为“被命名为……”。例如：
The boy named Mike is my friend.那个叫迈克的男孩是我的朋友。
（2）name sb./sth. after sb.意为“以……命名”。例如：
The child was named after his father. 那个孩子是按他父亲的名字取的名。
三.句式精讲
1. Who else is on my island?
else意为“另外的，其他的”，无比较级，常用在who; whose; what等疑问代词及when; where等疑问副词之后；也放在some; any；no与body; thing; where等构成的词之后。例如：
Would you like anything else to drink? 你还想喝点别的什么吗？
What else do you want to say? 你还想说点别的什么吗？
I’m going to take you somewhere else. 我要带你去别处。
2. One of them died but the other ran towards my house.
the other意为“另一个人，另一个东西”，指两者中另外的一个。例如：
I have two books. One is an English book, the other is a Chinese book.
我有两本书，一本是英语书，另一本是中文书。
I have two friends. One is Li Lei, the other is Tom.我有两个朋友，一个是李雷，另一个是汤姆。
【拓展】
another后通常跟单数名词，也可泛指单数名词，意为“不确定数目中的另一个”。例如：
Please show me another (one). 请再拿一个给我看看。
【注意】
another作“另外的，再”讲时，可修饰可数名词复数。此时名词前常有具体数词修饰，即another + 数词
+ 复数名词。例如：
We have another five friends to meet. 我们另有五位朋友要见。
3. Signs left behind by someone or sth….
（1）当leave作“留下……”解时，可用于下列各句：
1）leave behind意为“遗留；落下”。
Take care not to leave anything behind. 当心别丢下东西。
I got left behind at school with the maths.在校时我的数学跟不上。
2）leave one by oneself意为“把某人单独留下”。例如：
She can’t leave her son by himself. 她不能把儿子单独留下。
3）leave a message意为“留言”。例如：
Your friend left a message for you. 你的朋友给你留言了。
4）There be…left for sth.意为“留下……”。例如：
There is no room left for the books. 没有留下的空间可以放书了。
（2）当leave作“遗忘”解时，可用句型“…leave sth.+地点状语”。例如：
I left my school bag at home this morning. 今天早上我把书包落在家里了。
【注意】
forget与leave都可表示“忘了带……”。如果句子中有具体地点时，用leave，反之用forget。
I forgot my school bag this morning. 今天早上我忘记带书包了。
4. …and she can’t wait to read them.can’t wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。例如：
I can’t wait to watch TV.我迫不及待去看电视。
The young man could not wait to see his girlfriend.这个年轻人迫不及待去见他的女朋友。
【拓展】
（1）can’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁地做某事”。例如：
He could not help laughing.他忍不住笑了起来。
（2）can’t stand doing sth.意为“不能容忍做某事”。例如：
I can’t stand waiting for a long time.我不能容忍等这么久。
5. Have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?
which book to write about是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句子中作动词decide的宾语。相当于特
殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：
I don’t know what to do =I don’t know what I can do next. 我不知道下一步做什么。
【拓展】
疑问词what，which，how，where，when等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。“疑问词＋动词
不定式”可以作主语、宾语、表语等。
When to start off hasn’t been decided yet. 什么时候出发还没决定。（作主语）
The question is which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。（作表语）
“疑问词＋动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。
I don’t know what I should say. → I don’t know what to say.
