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题型突破 03 选词填空之钓鱼方略
（核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
年份 词汇填空
2023上海春考 名词考查4；动词考查4；形容词考查3；其中构词法0
2022上海春考 名词考查4；动词考查3；形容词考查3；其中构词法1
2021上海春考 名词考查2；动词考查6；形容词考查2；其中构词法2；分词2
2020上海春考 名词考查3；动词考查3；形容词考查2；副词考查2；其中构词法1
选词填空题文体以说明文为主
题材内容以科普文为主，但内容各不相同，覆盖人文、健康、科技、气候、概念等方方面面。
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】（一）词汇分析
2021年春考
A.applauding B. entry-level C. struck D. fascination E. back-seal F. stuck
G. stand H. promoter I. hook J. dominant K. empowered
2021年秋考
A. allow B.bothering C. gap D. inaccessible E. inefficient F. jumped
G.customized H. place I. purchase J. skipping K. strategies
2022年春考
A. characteristics B. diverse C. employ D. function E issue F. integration
G. hit H. military I. potential J. schemes K. wearers
2022年秋考
A pursuits B.interests C.comparable D.innovation E.schedule
F.options G.realization H routes I.subjects J.recipes K.motivated
2023年春考
A. digesting B.distinction C.examine D.identical E.intervening F.live
G. mixture H.perspective I.shock J. space K. texting
2023年秋考
A.unworkable B.indicative C.polarization D.promising E.bogged
F.requests G.content H. vision I.evaluating J.unmet K.subscribing
主要考察实词，为名词，动词，形容词，副词；
动词是考察重点，尤其是动词的分词变形为主；所以动词时语态与非谓语是高中语法学习的重点。
名词与形容词为次重点，每年都有考察；对于名词与形容词在句中所起作用与相互修饰须要学生熟练
掌握。
副词考察较少，难度不大。它在句中的位置灵活，功能强大。
每年都会考察考纲词汇的派生词，如标粗处。要注意积累派生词。
（二）解题步骤
第一步，判断方框内单词词性。有多个词性的都标出来，不确定词性的先不标。doing和done可以不标。
第二步，略读抓中心。
略读文章，细读文章首句，快速掌握文章的主题词与了解文章大致内容。
第三步，填词入空。分为三小步：
1、确认空处可填词性，
2、同性词筛选，
3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there
is one word more than you need.
Bill Drayton believes we’re in the middle of a necessary but painful historical transition. For millenniums most
people’s lives had a certain ___11___. You went to school to learn a trade or a skill-baking, farming or accounting.
Then you could go into the workforce and make a good living repeating the same skill over the course of your
career.
But these days machines can do pretty much anything that’s ___12___. The new world requires a different sort
of person. Drayton calls this new sort of personal changemaker.
Changemakers are people who can see the patterns around them, identify the problems in any situation, figure
out ways to solve the problems in any situation, figure out ways to solve the problem, organize fluid teams, lead
collective action and then ___13___ adapt as situations change.
For example, Ashoka fellow Andrés Gallardo is a Mexican who lived in a high crime neighborhood. He created
an app, called Haus, that allows people to ___14___ with their neighbors. The app has a panic button that ___15___
everybody in the neighborhood when a crime is happening. It allows neighbors to organize, chat, share crime statistics
and work together.
To form and lead this community of communities, Gallardo had to possess what Drayton calls “cognitive
empathy-based living for the good of all.” Congnitive empathy is the ability to perceive how people are feeling in
___16___ circumstances. “For the good of all” is the capacity to build teams.
It doesn’t matter if you are working in the cafeteria or the inspection line of a plant, companies will now only
hire people who can ___17___ problems and organize responses.
Millions of people already live with the mind-set. But a lot of people still inhabit the world of following rules
and repetitive skills. They hear society telling them: We don’t need you. We don’t need your kids, either.” Of course,
those people go into reactionary mode and strike back.The central ___18___ of our time, Drayton says, is to make everyone a changemaker. In an earlier era, he says,
society realized it needed universal ___19___. Today, schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to
make the changemaking mentality universal. They have to understand this is their criteria for success.
Ashoka has studied social movements to find out how this kind of ___20___ shift can be promoted. It turns
out that successful movements take similar steps.
【答案】11. D 12. A 13. B 14. H 15. C 16. I 17. E 18. G 19. K 20. F
【解析】本文属于议论文，现在机器几乎可以做任何事情。新世界需要不同类型的人。德雷顿称这种新类
型的人是变革者。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：几千年以来，大多数人的生活都有一个特定的模式。根据后一句 You went to school to
learn a trade or a skill-baking, farming or accounting. Then you could go into the workforce and make a good living
repeating the same skill over the course of your career.可知，去学校学商业或者学习一门技术，然后利用这门
技术来过上幸福生活，故可以推出大部分的生活都有一定的模式，故选pattern（模式），故选D。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但是如今机器可以作所有重复性的事情。根据后文可知，现代社会需要的是能够解决
问题，组建一个流畅的团队，因而可以得出，机器可以取代人类做重复性的事情，故用repetitive（重复性
的），故选A。。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：变革者就是那些能够看清自己周围的模式，识别存在的问题，找到解决问题的办法，组
建一个流利的团队，领导集体性行动，以及不断适应不断改变的环境。根据本句adapt as situations change可
知，变革者需要不断适应环境，故用continually，故选B。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：他制作了一个软件叫Haus，能够把邻居组成一个网络。根据后文It allows neighbors to
organize, chat, share crime statistics and work together可知，这个软件可以把邻居联系在一起，故用 network
（组建网络），故选H。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：这个软件有一个紧急按钮，当有犯罪行为发生的时候，按了按钮之后就能够及时提醒邻
居。分析句子可知，本句讲述app的作用，故用alerts（警示）, 故选C。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：认知移情就是理解人们在不断进化的环境中感受的能力。分析文章可知，本文讲述随
着时代的发展，我们需要的人才和能力也是不同的，因而选evolving（进化的），故选I。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你现在在自助餐厅或者电站的检测线上工作，没关系，因为这些公司以后只会雇佣
那些能够发现问题和解决问题的人。根据文章 The new world requires a different sort of person. Drayton calls
this new sort of personal changemaker.可知，现在社会需要的是能够发现和解决问题的人，故用 locate（定
位），故选E。
【18题详解】考查名词。句意：Drayton说，我们这个时代最主要的挑战就是让每个人都成为变革者。根据后文 Today,
schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changemaking mentality universal. They have
to understand this is their criteria for success.可知，学校需要做出改变来培养变革者，这也是很大的挑战，故
选G。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：他说，在早期时代，社会意识到大家都必需要具备读写能力。根据后文Today, schools
have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changemaking mentality universal.可知，学校必须
做出改变，故选literacy（读写能力），故选K。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Ashoka研究了社会变革来找出怎样才能促进这种精神转变。根据前文可知，本文主要
讲述人们意识的改变，故用mental，故选F。
（上海市闵行(文绮)中学 2023-2024学年高三下学期5月月考英语试题）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A．advances B．automation C． combed D．comprehensive E. filled
F. generated G. modest H. prior I. thinned J. underlie K. unearth
Does technology replace more jobs than it creates? What is the net balance between these two things? Until
now, that has not been measured. But a new research project led by MIT economist David Autor has developed an
answer, at least for U.S. history since 1940.The study uses new methods to examine how many jobs have been lost
to machine 1 , and how many have been generated through “augmentation(增强),” in which technology
creates new tasks. Overall, the study finds, and particularly since 1980, technology has replaced more U.S. jobs than
it has 2 .
“There does appear to be a faster rate of automation, and a slower rate of augmentation, in the last four decades,
from 1980 to the present, than in the four decades 3 ,” says Autor.However, that finding is only one of the
study’s 4 .The researchers have also developed an entirely new method for studying the issue, based on an
analysis of thousands of U.S.censusjob categories in relation to a(n) 5 look at the text of U.S. patents over
the last century. That has allowed them, for the first time, toquantifythe effects of technology over both job loss and
job creation.
The study finds that overall, about 60 percent of jobs in the U.S. represent new types of work, which have beencreated since 1940.To determine this, Autor and his colleagues 6 through about 35,000 job categories,
tracking how they emerge over time. They also used natural language processing tools to analyze the text of every
U.S. patent filed since 1920. That allowed them to 7 links between new technologies and their effects on
employment.
From about 1940 through 1980, for instance, jobs like elevator operator and typesetter(排字工人) tended to
get automated. But at the same time, more workers — 8 roles such as shipping and receiving clerks, buyers
and department heads, and civil and space engineers. From 1980 through 2018, the ranks of cabinetmakers and
machinists, among others, have been 9 by automation, while industrial engineers, and operations and
systems researchers and analysts, have enjoyed growth.
Ultimately, the research suggests that the negative effects of automation on employment were more than twice
as great in the 1980-2018 period as in the 1940-1980 period.There was a more 10 , and positive, change
in the effect of augmentation on employment in 1980-2018, as compared to 1940-1980.
【答案】
1．B 2．F 3．H 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．K 8．E 9．I 10．G
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就科技取代的工作是否比创造的工作多展开讨论。
1．考查名词。句意：这项研究使用了新的方法来调查有多少工作岗位被机器自动化取代，又有多少工作
岗位是通过技术创造新任务的“增强”创造的。根据句意“自动化”可知，此处为名词 automation，作宾
语，表抽象概念，不可数。故选B。
2．考查动词。句意：总的来说，研究发现，特别是自1980年以来，技术取代的就业岗位比创造的就业岗
位要多。根据句意“产生”可知，此处为动词generate，根据时间状语“since 1980”可知，使用现在完成时，
已有助动词has，空处需填过去分词generated。故选F。
3．考查形容词。句意：奥托尔说:“从1980年到现在的过去40年里，与之前的40年相比，自动化的速度
似乎更快了，而人工智能的增长速度却更慢了。”根据句意“之前”可知，此处为形容词prior，作后置定
语。故选H。
4．考查名词。句意：然而，这一发现仅仅是这项研究的进步之一。根据句意“进步”可知，此处为名词
advance，作表语，此处为one of+复数名词。故选A。
5．考查形容词。句意：研究人员还开发了一种全新的方法来研究这个问题，该方法基于对美国人口普查
中数千种工作类别的分析，并对上个世纪的美国专利文本进行了全面的研究。根据句意“全面的”可知，
此处为形容词comprehensive，修饰名词look。故选D。
6．考查动词。句意：为了确定这一点，Autor和他的同事们梳理了大约35,000个工作类别，追踪它们是如
何随着时间的推移而出现的。根据句意“梳理”可知，此处为动词 comb，发生在过去，用一般过去时。
故选C。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这使他们能够发现新技术及其对就业的影响之间的联系。根据句意“发现”
可知，此处为动词unearth，使用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选K。
8．考查动词。句意：但与此同时，更多的工人填补了诸如运输和收货员、采购员和部门主管以及土木和航天工程师等职位。根据句意“填补”可知，此处为动词fill，结合“From about 1940 through 1980”可知，
陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故选E。
9．考查动词。句意：从1980年到2018年，橱柜制造商和机械师等人的队伍因自动化而减少，而工业工程
师、运营和系统研究人员和分析师的队伍则有所增长。根据句意“减少”可知，此处为动词thin，结合上
文have been可知，为现在完成时的被动语态。故选I。
10．考查形容词。句意：1980年至2018年，与1940年至1980年相比，经济增长对就业的影响发生了更温
和、更积极的变化。根据句意“温和的”可知，此处为形容词modest，作定语修饰名词change。故选G。
（一）
（2024年宝山区二模）
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A. process B. impacting C. appearance D. linked E. assessment F. costly
G. crucial H. highly I. legal J. pause K. marketed
Tobacco use and its negative impacts on health have been well-documented for decades. Traditional tobacco
products, such as cigarettes, have been ___31___ to a wide range of health problems, including cancer, heart
disease, respiratory (呼吸的) disorders and others. According to a survey, 78.3 percent of smokers start smoking
before age 20. Taiwan Province of China has raised the ___32___ smoking age to 20 or above. By instituting this
change, they hope to reduce the number of young people taking up the habit.
Despite being ___33___ as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes, heated tobacco products (HTPs) are still
considered tobacco. As such, they pose significant dangers to human health. The heating ___34___ used in these
products releases harmful chemicals and poisons, including tar (焦油), carbon monoxide and nicotine, a(n) ___35___
addictive substance.
HTPs are packaged to appeal to young people who perceive them as safer than smoking. To prevent young
people from experimenting with HTPs and ___36___ their health, Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of
tobacco product by adding a health risk ___37___ review mechanism. Only products that pass the review process
are allowed to be manufactured, imported and sold to consumers.
The innumerable downsides to smoking should give smokers ___38___ and encourage them to quit. Quitting
tobacco improves your health and reduces your risk of various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and breathing
problems. Quitting smoking can also improve your ___39___. Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth.
Quitting can lead to healthier skin, whiter teeth and fresher breath. Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and
smell. By stopping tobacco use, your senses recover, leading to enhanced enjoyment of food and beverages.
Unfortunately, quitting tobacco isn't easy. Most people will also encounter numerous challenges including
nicotine withdrawal and symptoms such as eagerness, irritability (易怒) and difficulty concentrating. Supportivesocial environments, coping strategies and professional help are ___40___ for overcoming these things and living
a smoke-free life.
【答案】31. D 32. I 33. K 34. A 35. H 36. B 37. E 38. J 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了几十年来，烟草使用及其对健康的负面影响已得到充分证明。
中国台湾省已将法定吸烟年龄提高到20岁或以上。通过实行这一改变，他们希望减少染上这种习惯的年轻
人的数量。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：传统烟草产品，如香烟，与广泛的健康问题有关，包括癌症、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和
其他疾病。根据“to a wide range of health problems, including cancer, heart disease, respiratory disorders and
others”以及句意“与……有关”可知应，填动词link，根据上文have been可知，应用现在完成时的被动语
态。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国台湾省已将法定吸烟年龄提高到20岁或以上。根据“smoking age to 20 or above”
以及句意“法定”可知，应填形容词legal，修饰名词age，作定语。故选I。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：尽管被宣传为传统香烟的安全替代品，但加热烟草制品仍被认为是烟草。根据“as a safe
alternative to traditional cigarettes”以及句意“被宣传为”可知，短语为be marketed as。故选K。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些产品的加热过程会释放有害的化学物质和毒物，包括焦油、一氧化碳和尼古丁，这
是一种极易上瘾的物质。根据“used in these products releases harmful chemicals and poisons”以及句意“过
程”可知，应填名词process，作主语。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些产品的加热过程会释放有害的化学物质和毒物，包括焦油、一氧化碳和尼古丁，这
是一种极易上瘾的物质。根据“addictive substance”以及句意“极易”可知，应填副词highly，修饰形容词
addictive。故选H。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：为防止青少年尝试烟草制品，影响其健康，台湾省通过增加健康风险评估审查机制，严
格控制每一种烟草制品。根据“To prevent young people from experimenting with HTPs and”以及句意“影响”
可知，应填动词impact，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：为防止青少年尝试烟草制品，影响其健康，台湾省通过增加健康风险评估审查机制，严
格控制每一种烟草制品。根据“Taiwan Province strictly controls every kind of tobacco product”以及句意“评
估”可知，应填名词assessment，作宾语，不定冠词提示，应用名词单数形式。故选E。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：吸烟的无数缺点应该让吸烟者停下来，鼓励他们戒烟。根据“encourage them to quit”以及
句意“停下来”可知，应填名词pause，作宾语。故选J。【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：戒烟也可以改善你的外表。根据“Tobacco use can cause wrinkles and yellow teeth. Quitting
can lead to healthier skin, whiter teeth and fresher breath. Smoking can also dull your senses of taste and smell.(吸
烟会导致皱纹和牙齿变黄。戒烟可以使皮肤更健康，牙齿更白，口气更清新。吸烟还会使你的味觉和嗅觉
变得迟钝)”以及句意“外表”可知，应填名词appearance，作宾语，不可数。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：支持性的社会环境、应对策略和专业帮助对于克服这些问题和过上无烟生活至关重要。
根据“Supportive social environments, coping strategies and professional help”以及句意“至关重要”可知，应
填形容词crucial，作表语。故选G。
（二）
（2024年崇明区二模）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can
only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. activate B. amounted C. compared D. energetic E. guidelines F. identify
G. image H. influenced I. respects J. review K. substantial
Exercise Can Help Prevent Depression, Study Finds
How often do you exercise? A new ___31___ from researchers at the University of Cambridge shows that those
who exercise are less likely to develop depression, even if they exercise less than the recommended amount.
The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults engage in 2.5 to 5 hours of moderate
activity per week or one hour and 15 minutes to 2.5 hours of ___32___ aerobic (有氧的) exercise per week or some
combination of the two.
Adults who took a walk for what ___33___ to 2.5 hours per week were less likely to develop depression than
those who didn’t exercise at all, the study found. But even those who exercised less felt better than those who didn’t
exercise at all, according to researchers. “In this study, a relatively small amount of physical activity were associated
with a(n) ___34___ decrease in risks of depression,” the study says. The researchers analyzed 15 studies with nearly
200,000 participants. Those who did about half the recommended amount of physical activity per week had an 18%
lower risk of depression ___35___ with adults who did not exercise, the study says. Participants who exercised the
recommended amount had a 25% lower risk of depression than those who did not. Exercising more than the
recommended amount hardly ____36____ depression risk, according to researchers.
Many ___37___ of exercise can lead to improved mental health. For example, working out can increase
circulation (血液循环) to the brain and ___38___ the central nervous system, leading to what many refer to as a
“runners high,” the study says. More exercise can also lead to improved physical health and a better body ___39___,
which can cause a person to be more social, researchers say.
Nearly 5% of adults in the U.S. report regular feelings of depression, according to the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. Among the study participants, researchers estimate that 1 in every 9 cases of depression
might have been prevented had everyone met recommended exercise ____40____, the study says.【答案】31. J 32. D 33. B 34. K 35. C 36. H 37. I 38. A 39. G 40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现，运动有助于预防抑郁症。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：剑桥大学(University of Cambridge)研究人员的一项新综述显示，那些锻炼的人不太可能患
上抑郁症，即使他们的运动量低于推荐量。分析句子可知，空前为形容词 new，此处应为名词形式，
review“综述”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国卫生与公众服务部(Department of Health and Human Services)建议成年人每周进行
2.5至5小时的适度运动，或每周进行1小时15分钟至2.5小时的高强度有氧运动，或两者兼而有之。分析
句子可知，空后aerobic exercise为名词短语，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，energetic“高能的”
为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：研究发现，每周散步2.5小时的成年人患抑郁症的可能性低于那些根本不运动的人。
分析句子可知，此处为固定短语amount to“总结，共达”，满足句意要求，结合上下文时态可知，amount
为过去时形式。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该研究称：“在这项研究中，相对少量的体育活动与抑郁症风险的大幅降低有关。”
分析句子可知，空后decrease为名词，此处应为形容词形式作定语修饰该名词，substantial“大量的，大幅
的”为形容词，符合句意。故选K项。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：研究称，那些每周进行建议运动量一半的人患抑郁症的风险比不锻炼的成年人低
18%。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语compared with“与……相比”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：研究人员表示，超过推荐量的运动量几乎不会影响患抑郁症的风险。分析句子可知，此
处为动词作句子的谓语成分，influenced“影响”为动词，符合句意。故选H项。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：锻炼在很多方面都能改善心理健康。分析句子可知，空前为Many，此处应为复数名词
形式，respects“方面”为复数名词，符合句意。故选I项。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，研究表明，锻炼可以增加大脑的血液循环，激活中枢神经系统，导致许多人所说
的“跑步者兴奋”。分析句子可知，空前为and连接的动词increase，此处也应为动词形式，构成并列谓语
成分，activate“激活”为动词，符合句意。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究人员说，更多的锻炼还可以改善身体健康和更好的身体形象，这可以使一个人更善
于社交。分析句子可知，空前为better形容词，此处为名词形式，image“形象”为名词，和body构成名词
短语，body image“身体形象”，符合句意。故选G项。【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究称，在研究参与者中，研究人员估计，如果每个人都遵守推荐的锻炼指南，每 9例
抑郁症中就有 1 例可能得到预防。分析句子可知，空前 recommended 形容词，此处应为名词形式，
guidelines“指南”为名词，和exercise构成名词短语，exercise guidelines“锻炼指南”，符合句意。故选E项。
（2018上海春考）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there
is one word more than you need.
A. address B. fascination C.governed D. imposing E.offensive F.originally
G.overlooking H. rebellion I.reminder J. randomly K.swept
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to
defend a fortress, but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind. When it comes to
structures that are both ___31___ and well-fortified, the classic European castle is the pinnacle of design. Across the
ages castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the ___32___ of our culture.
Castles were ___33___ built in England by Norman invaders in
1066. As William the Conqueror ___34___ through England, he fortified
key positions to secure the land he had taken. The castles he built allowed
the Norman lords to retreat to safety when threatened by English
___35___. Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks.
Troops were summoned to, organized around, and deployed from castles.
In this way castles served both ___36___ and defensive roles in military operations.
Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control
over his fiefdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath
the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they ___37___ and pay tribute to the lord. They would
___38___ disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers
in medieval England. Castles also served as symbols of power. Built on prominent sites ___39___ the surrounding
areas, castles constantly loomed in the background of many peasants' lives and served as a daily ___40___ of the
lord's strength.
【答案】31-40: DBFKH ECAGI
【解析】
31.D。【解析】根据句意:当涉及到建筑既雄伟又坚固的建筑，经典的欧洲城堡是设计的顶峰。imposing壮
观的;令人印象深刻的，作表语修饰定语从句中的主语，构成主系表结构。
32.B。【解析】根据句意:他们仍然指挥着我们文化的魅力可知，应为fascination 魅力;吸引力。
33.F。【解析】根据句子结构可知，应填副词修饰 built。句意;城堡最初是诺曼入侵者于1066年在英国建造的。
34.K。【解析】as 引导的非限制性定语从句中缺少谓语动词。sweep through 横扫。
35.H。【解析】介词后加名词。根据句意他们受到了英国叛乱的威胁。 rebellion造反，叛乱。
36.E。【解析】and链接两个形容词修饰roles。offensive攻击的，冒犯的。
37.C。【解析】and 连接两个并列的动词，所以要用一般过去时。根据句意是他们管理的土地。
38.A。【解析】动词并列表示一系列连贯的动作，前后时态一致。address disputes地址纠纷。
39.G。【解析】考查伴随状语，主句句子完整，前为对主句句子的补充说明，不应构成句子，所以用 v-
ing。
40.1。【解析】固定搭配，reminder of提醒。
（2023年1月·上海高考真题）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
B. digesting B.distinction C.examine D.identical E.intervening F.live
G. mixture H.perspective I.shock J. space K. texting
Communication-a Thing of the Past?
We all think we communicate all the time, and that's true. There's also non-verbal communication you could
add into the mix--everything we're saying when we're not saying anything. But there’s a (n) (31 ) _______between
saying things to people, or liking and sharing a post on social media, and communication. I'm quite well connected-
there's Twitter Facebook,Instagram, Snapchat, email, iEverything (!), but sometimes communication starts to feel
like a chore. Check this blog post, read that article someone shared, (32) __________back to someone else, and
answer their question.. . Sometimes I feel like a cross between Siri and a mad juggler. Nothing seems to go in and
I'm always mixing people up--asking someone how their band is going when they can’t play an instrument or how
the job search is going when someone’s just written to say how depressed they are that they can't find a job.
So it was quite a ( n ) (33 )__________ to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal,
no internet and no "Communication”at all, apart from with the people I was with. Suddenly all the pressure to
communicate disappeared. All of our conversations became slower,more inverted and far more interesting. We were a
group of 12,a ( n)(34)__________of couples and friends, only one of whom I was at university with, so I was meeting
a bunch of new people for the first time. Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we
often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening, but often they went a lot farther
and a lot deeper. Tucked up on the leather sofas, (35 )__________dinner, we dissected Brexit and one person even
changed their (36 )__________entirely! We shared ideas and theories , plots of books and plays and city trips we'd been
on, described family troubles and gave advice, listened to work scenarios and offered pointers, and we had to talk
and sketch and use words more than ever before , because you couldn't say, "It's a great film, you should google it
later. " Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much! In such a short ( 37 )__________of time, due to theproximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication, I felt much closer to the new people I'd met
and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life.
I don't think our common, current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of
people and having to communicate (38 )__________. The brevity of Twitter, the showiness of Facebook, all these
aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn't challenge you to ( 39 )__________your feelings
and motives enough. "Liking” something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of
something? It's a (n) (40)__________response to millions of other people, whereas you and your thoughts are unique.
If we're not careful , perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level.
【答案】 31-40 BKIGA HJFCD
【导读】这篇文章讨论了现代通信方式与面对面交流之间的差异。作者提到了社交媒体的流行以及其对真
正沟通的影响。然后作者描述了在没有手机信号和互联网的苏格兰高地度过新年的经历，与其他人面对面
交流的重要性。作者认为现有的通信方式不足以在深层次上传达思想和感情，并警告我们不要失去面对面
交流的能力。
【解析】
31.B【解析]前一句提到“你也可以把非语言交流加入其中一一当我们什么也没说的时候，我们说了什
么”，由But可知这里表转折，也就是说我们在社交媒体上的行为和与他人的交流是有区别的。句意为:
“但在社交媒体上对人说话、点赞和分享帖子和交流是有区别(distinction)的”。故选B。distinction.区别。
32.K【解析]结合给出的单词可知只有“texting”属于与他人交流的类别，且可以与Check this blog post、read
that article someone shared....,.and answer their question.. . 并列。句意为:“看看这篇博客，读读别人分享的文
章，给别人发短信(texting)，回答他们的问题……”。此处需填现在分词非谓语形式，做伴随状语，故选
K。texting v.(用手机给某人)发短信。
33.1【解析]此处描述作者处于没有手机带来的“交流”的情况下，结合前一段作者会因不知道如何与人在
社交媒体上沟通而烦恼以及给出的单词可推测作者是“震惊的”。句意为:“所以，在苏格兰高地度过新
年，没有手机信号、没有互联网，除了和我在一起的人之外，没有任何“交流”，这对我来说是相当令人
震惊的(shock)”。故选I。shock n.震惊。
34.G【解析]这12个人里有情侣、朋友、同学,结合所给单词可知此处应填mixture。句意为:“我们一组12
人，有情侣也有朋友，只有一个是我的大学同学，所以我第一次认识了一群新朋友”。故选 G。mixture n.
混杂的事物(人群)。
35.A【解析]结合给出的单词，分析句意可知这里说的是“消化”。句意为:“我们蜷缩在皮沙发上，消化
(digesting)晚餐，剖析英国脱欧……”。故选 A。digest v.消化。
36.H【解析]分析选项可知“改变观点”符合语境及逻辑，句意为:“有一个人甚至完全改变了他们的观点
(perspective)”，故选H。perspective n.观点;态度;景观。
37.J【解析]a short space of time表示“短时间;一会儿”。句意为:“在这么短的时间里(space)，由于住在彼此
相连的小屋里，又有语言上的交流，我觉得与我认识的新朋友和交谈的人比我在平时生活中交流的人要近
得多"。故选J。space n.空间:空白。
38.F【解析]现在人们大多用社交软件进行交流，分析选项可知此处句意为:“我不认为我们现在常见的交流
方式接近于在一个有很多人的小房子里进行现场(live) 交流”。故选F。live adv.在现场表演(或录制)。39.C【解析]分析选项可知“审视感受和动机”符合语境及逻辑。此处句意为:“Twitter 的简洁，Facebook的炫
耀，所有这些方面都导致了一种肤浅的交流形式,无法让你充分审视(examine)自己的感受和动机”。故选
C。examine v.检查:审视。
40.D【解析]结合后面的whereas(但是)可知此处为转折关系，可推测前面提到的“点赞”表示人们对事物
的反应一致。句意为:“数百万人的反应都是一样的 (identical)，而你和你的想法是独一无二的”。故选 D。
identical adj.相同的。
