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专题 05 考点拓展 5&肯定句、否定句、疑问句及转化方法&写作指导
（动植物介绍）
目录
一．词汇拓展.............................................................................................................................................................1
二．考点拓展.............................................................................................................................................................2
三．语法考点.............................................................................................................................................................7
四．写作考点...........................................................................................................................................................12
五．阅读拓展...........................................................................................................................................................17
一．词汇拓展
1．usual adj.通常的；平常的→________ adv.通常→________ adj.不寻常的；不一般的
2．mouse n．鼠标；老鼠→________(复数)
3．learn v．学；学习→________ n．学习者；初学者
4．Australia 澳大利亚→________ adj.& n．澳大利亚(人)的；澳大利亚人
5．travel n．旅行→________ n．漂泊者；旅行者；游客
6．music n．音乐→________ n．乐手；音乐家→________ adj.音乐的
7．visit v．探望；参观→________ n．游客；观光者
8．special adj.特别的；特殊的→________ adv.特别地；专门地
9．cut v．切；剪→________(现在分词)
10．give v．给，送→________(现在分词)
11．sing v．唱，唱歌→________(现在分词)→________ n．歌手；歌唱家
12．happy adj.高兴的；幸福的→________ n．高兴→________ adv.高兴地→________(反义词) adj.不高
兴的
→________(反义词) adv.不开心地
13．scarf n．围巾→________(复数)
14.choose v．选择→________ n．选择
15．expensive adj.昂贵的→________(反义词) adj.廉价的；便宜的
16．hear v．听见→________ n．听力
17．lie v．躺；平躺→________(现在分词)
18．take v．拿，取；花费(时间)→________(现在分词)
19．enjoy v．享受……的乐趣；喜爱→________ adj.令人愉快的；有乐趣的→________ n．享受；令人
愉快的事
20．leave v．离开→________(现在分词)二．考点拓展
考点1.across/cross/through/over
考点 词义及用法 例句
动词，意为“穿过，越过”， Be careful when you cross the
cross
cross the road＝ go across the road street.过马路时要小心。
介词，意为“横跨，横穿，穿过”，
He swam across the river.
across 强调从某个范围的一边到另一边，且为在物体表面上进行的
他游过了那条河。
动作，常与walk，run，go，swim等动词连用。
介词，意为“从……中穿过，透过”，
The river runs through the city.
through 强调动作是从物体的内部经过，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗
这条河从这座城市中间流过。
户等。
介词，意为“在……上方；越过”，
He jumped over the wall.
over 常指在空间上通过、越过，也可指垂直在上，但与物体的表
他跳过了墙。
面不接触。
past 介词，从.....旁边路过
1.The boy made his way ______ the crowd and asked her to sign on the shirt.
A．across B．through C．around D．opposite
2.沿着这条街走，它在医院对面。（across from）
____________________________________________________________________
3.茶叶通过丝绸之路销到欧洲国家。（through）
______________________________________________________________________________
4.我们的政府将在这条河上建一座桥。（over）
__________________________________________________________________
考点2.提建议的句型
Why not ask the policeman over there? 为什么不问问那边的警察呢？（P32）
Why don't you/Why not do...? 你为什么不做……呢？
Shall we do...? 我们做……好吗？
You'd better （not） do... 你最好（不要）做……
Would you mind doing...? 你介意做……吗？
Let's do... 我们做……吧。
Would you like to do...? 你愿意做……吗？
What/How about （doing） sth.? （做）某事怎么样？sb. should do sth. 某人应该做某事
1.Why not ____（make） a card by yourself? He will certainly love it.
2.We are free this Saturday. What about __________（visit） the museum?
3.你应该在烹饪课上小心点。（should）
____________________________________________________
4.为了健康的未来，让我们一起运动吧！（let's）
____________________________________________________________
考点3.频度副词的用法
Sometimes hurricanes do good.
1.含义:频度副词表示事情发生的频率,频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为:
2.用法:频度副词一般用在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前。频度副词通常用于一般现在时
中,表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
选词填空。
never usually sometimes
1.—Could you please tell me when people eat mooncakes in China?
— on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2.—Dad, I failed the exam again.
—Cheer up, Tom! challenges can bring out the best in us.
3.—Mr.White, could you give me some advice? I have trouble in learning math.
—Sure. You should be confident and give up.
考点4.交通方式的常见表达
—Will you go to the museum by bus?
—I'd rather take a taxi. It's faster.按要求完成句子。
1.The engineer gets up early every morning to catch first bus.(盲填)
2.How long does it take from Kunming to Hong Kong train?(盲填)
3.Dan often sets off his car to fish with his friends on Sunday afternoons.(盲填)
4.— ?
—I go to school on foot.(补全对话)
考点5.辨析too、also、either和as well
Hurricanes also pick up heat from the very hot areas of the world and drop it in less warm places.
考点 用法
too 常用于肯定句或疑问句中,一般位于句末,常用逗号与前面的句子隔开
also 常用于肯定句或疑问句中,较正式,一般位于实义动词之前,系动词、助动词、情态动词之后
either 常用于否定句中,放在句末
as well 常用于肯定句中,放在句末,并且其前不用逗号隔开
选词填空。
too either also as well
1.I don't like tigers. My mother doesn't like tigers, .
2.I enjoy listening to pop music, and my friend Lisa enjoys it, .
3.David often helps me with my study. He shares his school things with me.
4.Keep on doing oral exercises in the English Corner. I'm sure you will improve your listening and speaking skills
.
考点6.辨析listen、hear与sound
That sounds really interesting!
考点 用法
不及物动词,意为“听”,强调听的动作
listen
listen to 意为“听……”,后跟人或物作宾语
hear 意为“听到;听见”,强调听的结果hear sb.do sth.意为“听到某人做某事”,强调全过程
hear sb.doing sth.意为“听到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行
连系动词,意为“听起来”,后跟形容词作表语
sound
sound like意为“听起来像”
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。
listen hear sound
1.Chinese folk music beautiful. I like it very much.
2.The teacher to his story and then gave him some suggestions to help him.
3.—Excuse me, could you please speak a little more loudly?
—Sorry, I thought you could me.
考点7.辨析borrow、lend和keep
And for a trip of this kind, travelers will need a tour guide—someone who can explain to them what they are
seeing and help keep them safe.
词汇含义及用法搭配
lend意为“借出”,与borrow相反,指借东西给别人lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.
keep意为“保留,保存(本意);借用(引申)”,是延续性动词,可以和一段时间及 how long 连用keep...for +一段
时间
borrow指从别人那里借东西,是非延续性动词,表示“某人把某物借了多久”用sb.have/has kept sth. for+一
段时间borrow sth.from sb.
选词填空。
keep borrow lend
1.Sorry, I can't you the dictionary, Betty. I have lost it.
2.You can eggs for about four weeks in your fridge.
3.My car is under repair. Can I yours for a day?
考点8.1 find、find out、look for与discover的辨析
Hey, we can find out about him on the Internet. 嘿，我们能在网上查到他的情况呢。（P54）
find “找到”“发现”，强调“找”的结果
find out “查明；弄清”，指通过分析、思考等得到结果
look for “寻找”，有意识地找,强调“找”的动作。
discover 与find意思接近，有时可互换,但在表示新发现，特别是科学上发
现本已存在的客观事物时只用discover
1.In order to ______ possible friends, try to know more about them.
A．look for B．find C．invent D．discover
2.The kids in the clubs work together. They look ______ ways to make life better.A．for B．into C．up D．at
3.据说神农是第一个发现茶可作为饮料的人。（It is said that...）
_________________________________________________________________________________
考点9.both/all
考点 词义 共同点
表示“两者都……”， (1)both/all of＋定冠词/物主代词/指示代词或其他限定词
both
反义词是neither ＋复数名词，其中of及其后的定冠词可以省略。
(2)both/all of＋复数人称代词宾格，其中of不能省略。
(3)both，all与not连用时，表示部分否定。
意为“三者或三者上都……”， (4)both，all在句中作主语同位语时，通常位于be动
all
反义词是none 词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；在简略答
语及感叹句中，两者都不能位于句末，而要位于be动
词、助动词或情态动词之前，行为动词之后。
三．语法考点
肯定句、否定句、疑问句及转化方法
考点一 陈述句的否定式
① be动词的否定式：在be动词后面直接加not
如：I am a student. → I am not a student.
He is reading. → He isn't reading.
They are working. → They are not(aren't) working.
② 情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加not
如：He can dance. → He can not (can't) dance.
You should go to bed early. → You should not (shouldn't) go to bed early.
③ 实义动词的否定式：在实义动词前加don't、doesn't或者didn't
如：I like pop music. →I do not (don't) like pop music.
He likes running. →He does not (doesn't) like running.
He went to the zoo yesterday. →He did not (didn't) go to the zoo yesterday.
如：Mr. Hu is having a rest in his bedroom.（改为否定句）
→Mr. Hu is not having a rest in his bedroom.
如：Li Lin listens to English on the radio every day. （改为否定句）
→Li Lin doesn’t listen to English on the radio every day.
She had a great time at the party yesterday. （改为否定句）
→She didn’t have a great time at the party yesterday.
一、按要求写句子。1. There's some rice in the bowl.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
2. That is a kite.(改为复数句)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. This is a book. It's my sister's.(将两句话合并成一句话)
_____________________________________________________________________
4. They did a lot of homework at school.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
5. I have some books in my backpack.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
考点二 陈述句改为一般疑问句
1.一般疑问句
① 由be动词构成
如：I am a student. 我是一个学生。
—Are you a student? 你是一个学生吗？
—Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 是的，我是。/ 不，我不是。
② 由实义动词构成的一般疑问句，在句首加助动词Do，Does，Did(助动词的使用要与人称及时态一致)
如：I often go to school on foot. 我经常走路去上学。
—Do you often go to school on foot? 你经常走路去上学吗？
—Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的，我经常走路上学。/ 不，我不走路去上学。
如：Mary likes playing the piano. 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴。
— Does Mary like playing the piano? 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴吗？
— Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 是的，她喜欢。/ 不，她不喜欢。
如：She saw a beautiful picture yesterday. 她昨天看到了一张漂亮的图片。
— Did she see a beautiful picture yesterday? 她昨天看到了一张漂亮图片吗？
—Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 是的，她看到了。/ 不，她没看到。
③ 含有情态动词的一般疑问句
如：I can play basketball. 我会打篮球。
— Can you play basketball? 你会打篮球吗？
—Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。
按要求写句子。
1. He is a teacher.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________________
2. Jim can help his mother with housework.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________________3. This is a nice watch.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________________
4.The newly-opened supermarket had something on sale last Sunday.(改为一般疑问句)
the newly-opened supermarket anything on sale last Sunday?
考点三 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是由疑问词提问的句子。疑问词包括疑问代词(what，which，whose，who) 和疑问副词
(where， when， why， how 等) 。其基本结构是： 疑问词 + 一般疑问句 。
常见的疑问词以及提问方式有：
(1)What (什么)
This is a map. 这是一张地图。 (对划线部分提问) — What is this?
(2)Who(谁)
This is my mother. 这是我的妈妈。(对划线部分提问) — Who is this？
(3)When(什么时候)
I go to work at 8:00 every morning. 我每天早上八点去上班。(对划线部分提问) —When do you go to
work？
(4)How(怎样)
Jim goes to school by bus. 吉姆坐公车去学校。(对划线部分提问) —How does Jim go to school?
(5)Which(哪一个)
The boy in black is my brother. 穿黑色衣服的男孩是我哥哥。(对划线部分提问) —Which boy is your
brother?
(6)Where (哪里)
I am going to go to Beijing. 我将要去北京。(对划线部分提问) —Where are you going to go?
温馨提示：除了上述的常考点外，还有几个常见的特殊疑问句的用法。如：
What color (询问颜色) How much (询问价格) How many (询问多少)
How old ( 询问年龄) How long (询问长短) How often ( 询问频率)等。
对划线部分提问步骤：
① 就画线部分选择一个疑问词，并放在句首
② 去掉划线部分
③ 把其余部分变成一般疑问句
一．
1. We do morning exercises every day. (对画线部分提问)
_____________________________ you __________ morning exercises?
2. The horse weighed 200g when it was born. (对画线部分提问)
____________ was _________ ___________ of the horse when it was born?
3. Lucy is a quiet and shy girl.(对画线部分提问)
_________________________ is Lucy _____________________________?
4. He does his homework every day.(对画线部分提问)
___________________ he ______ every day?5. I live from my school about 8 kilometers. (对画线部分提问)
____________ ________________ you __________ from your school?
二．选择适当的疑问词完成对话。
when, what, who, where, how
1.- ____________are you, Helen? -I'm fine, thank you.
2.- ____________is that, Gina? -It's a map of China.
3.- ____________ is Kate's history teacher? -Mrs. Miller.
4.- ____________is my hat? -It's on the sofa.
5.- ____________ is your birthday party, Jenny?
-It's on Friday evening.
二、在横线上填入适当的单词完成对话，每空一词。
1.- ____________ ____________is Tim's ruler? -It's yellow.
2.- ____________ ____________is your grandma, Cindy? -She is 88.
3.- ____________ ____________is the TV? -1,200 dollars. It's very nice.
4.- ____________ ____________playing soccer with us after class? －That sounds good.
5.- ____________ ____________ have hamburgers for lunch? -No, you can't.
三、根据要求改写句子，每空一词。
1.What's the price of these socks? (改为同义句）
____________ ____________ ____________these socks?
2.Jane's dog is on the chair. (改为一般疑问句）
____________ ____________ ____________ on the chair?
3.The soccer star likes fruit and vegetables. （改为一般疑问句）
____________ the soccer star ____________ fruit and vegetables?
4.Grace has chicken and rice for lunch. (对画线部分提问）
____________ ____________ Grace ____________ for lunch?
5. Dale likes basketball because it's relaxing. （对画线部分提问）
____________ ____________ Dale____________ basketball?
四、句型转换
1. The children like games. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ the children _______ games?
2. My father is a doctor. (就画线部分提问)
_______ _______ your father ?
3. I am eleven years old. (改为特殊疑问句)
_______ _______ are you?
4. Jim goes to school by bike. (改为特殊疑问句)
_______ _______ Jim _______ to school?
5. Mrs. White is watching TV .(对划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________
6. I live in the bedroom with my sister. (同义句)I ________ the bedroom _________ my sister.
7. It takes me about one hour to do some housework every day. (改为同义句)
I _______ about one hour ______ some housework every day.
8. His round glasses make him look smart. （改同义句）
He ____________________ in his round glasses.
四．写作考点
一
写作时，介绍植物多用第三人称，呼吁保护植物多用第一人称。时态以一般现在时为主。对植物的介绍
可从植物的外形特征、成长特点、生活环境和地区、如何保护等方面来展开。
你所在的自然社团打算发布保护植物的相关海报，你负责有关棉花这一植物的介绍，请根据所给的棉花
资料卡，向同学们科普这一植物。
名称 棉花 外形 花朵白色，茎细叶阔
质地 柔软 生长条件 充足的光照，适宜的水分和养料
历史 五千多年 用途 制作衣服；制作玩具等
参考词汇： broad 宽阔的；nutrients 营养物质； fill 填充
要求：1.包含所有提示信息，并适当发挥；2.不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Hi, everyone. Today we can see cotton everywhere in our life
审主题：介绍棉花
审人称：以第三人称为主
审体裁：说明文
审时态：一般现在时
审要点：名称、外形、质地、生长条件、历史、用途等___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
考题训练
百年古树，是岁月的见证，文化传承的载体。近日，你所在学校的一棵古树部分开始枯萎。作为校
报的小编辑之一，请根据下面表格的提示内容，向全校师生发出一封英文倡议书，呼吁大家采取行动保
护古树。
现状 超过三百岁，部分枝干枯萎
枯萎原因 ①天气影响 ②人类活动
保护措施 ①按时浇水 ②……
意义 古树是重要的自然资源，也是历史和文化的标志
要求：
1. 内容必须包括表格中的所有要点，并适当发挥。
2. 不得透露姓名、学校等任何真实个人信息。
3. 词数不少于90（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
参考词汇：wilt 枯萎；resource 资源
Dear teachers and students, today I’m going to talk about the protection of the old tree in our school.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二
以“神奇的动物”为话题，主要围绕了解动物、感谢动物、保护动物等方面展开。与其相关的写作通常
涉及以下几个方面：1.制作动物简介；2.介绍濒危动物；3.保护野生动物。
写作时，介绍动物多用第三人称，呼吁保护动物多用第一人称；时态以一般现在时为主。对动物的
介绍可从外貌特征、生活习性、生活地区、濒危原因、如何保护等方面来展开。
假如你是李华，来自合肥。你校正在进行“动物周”活动，请你根据下表提示，写一篇英语演讲稿，向
同学们介绍大熊猫，让更多的人了解大熊猫、保护大熊猫。
外貌 黑白相间 特点 可爱、强壮，爱吃竹子
内因：幼崽不易存活
栖息地 中国四川、陕西等地 濒危原因
外因：人类破坏其生存环境
停止砍伐树木、建立自然
保护措施 现状 数量增长，现在野外约1 900只
保护区
要求:1.包含所有提示信息，并适当发挥；2.不少于80词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：bamboo竹子；reserve（自然）保护区
审主题：介绍大熊猫
审体裁：演讲稿
审人称：以第三人称为主
审时态：一般过去时、一般现在时
审要点：外貌、特点、栖息地、濒危原因、保护措施、现状等
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写作训练
请你根据下表写一篇关于老虎的报告，并呼吁人们采取措施来保护它们。词数不少于100。
Appearance big and strong，orange fur with dark stripes（条纹）
Food other animals
Abilities can run fast,but only for a short while
Behaviour prefer to live alone
Why in people kill them for their fur, bones or other parts of the body
danger
A report about tigers
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五．阅读拓展
一
On March 3rd,2022,Jiang Mengnan got the award( 奖）of
Person Touching China for 2021.
Born in 1992 in Hunan, Jiang lost her 1 at the age
of 6 months. When she just learned to walk, her parents began
teaching her to read people's lips(唇语).They also taught her tomake a 2 by putting her hands on her throat(喉咙).This was not an easy thing to do. But her
parents 3 gave up and Jiang learned to speak.
Starting from primary school, Jiang tried to 4 what teachers said by reading their lips.
But it was impossible to cover(包含)all. So she mostly taught 5 .Her hard work made her a
top student. In 2011, Jiang got into Jilin University with a 6 of 615 in gaokao. In2015，she
7 studying for a master's degree(硕士学位）at the university. In 2018，she became a doctoral
student(博士生) at Tsinghua University.
"I think I am one of the 8 ones, because my parents, teachers and friends have been
helping me. The best 9 to pay them back is to do something good for them," she said. “In
the future, I hope to 10 a part in solving problems of life and health.”
1.A. eyesight B. hearing C. foot D. hand
2. A. family B. friend C. noise D. sound
3.A. ever B. never C. still D. even
4.A. understand B. answer C. hope D. thank
5.A.herself B. themselves C. himself D. ourselves
6.A. history B. story C. message D. score
7.A.exercised B. remembered C. kept D. forgot
8.A. interesting B. beautiful C. lucky D. quiet
9. A. way B. reason C. problem D. idea
10. A. try B. play C. spend D. learn
二
Chinese scientists have made a slime(黏液） robot which can move.
There are very small magnets(磁铁) in it. Scientists move the robot
with other magnets. The robot can move through very small spaces. It
can even be in the shape of letters O and C.
The magnetic parts are toxic( 有 毒 的 ).So scientists put them in
silicone(硅酮) to make the robot safe. People on the Internet compared
the slime robot to Flubber from the 1997 sci-fi movie. They said that it was amazing but looked a little
scary. too. For this problem, scientists said they can change the robot's color to make it look more
lovely.
Scientists hope that it can be possible to use the slime robot in people's body. For example.it can
help people if they swallow(吞下）something by mistake. We don't know if the slime robot will work
well in people's body. But it is still amazing to see how scientists have brought something like this to
life.
1.How do the scientists move the robot?
2.Why did the scientists put the magnetic parts in silicone?
3.What did people on the Internet think of the slime robot?4.What is scientists' hope?
5.What do you think of the robot？
三
Farmers need to keep grain(谷物）in barns. A barn can be more
than 10 meters high .Sometimes, it is perilous because the
farmers may be buried(掩埋) in the grain if they fall into the barn.
But farmers have to keep the grain dry. If not, the grain may go
bad. It is not possible to use such grain for food. The farmers have
to throw it away and this means a big loss(损失）for them.
Zach Hunnicutt is a farmer in the US. One day, when he learned Johnson's son, Ben, made a robot for a
company, he told Johnson about his idea. Then they decided to give it a try. About three years later, Johnson, Ben
and Zane Zents, Ben's best friend. designed(设计) and built the Grain Weevil robot.
The robot is about the size of a small coffee table. It moves through the grain. It checks how warm and wet
the grain is and then sends information to the farmers' phones. In this way, farmers can look after the grain better.
More importantly, they can keep themselves safe.
1. What does the underlined word“ perilous” mean?
A. interesting. B. exciting. C. Difficult. D. Dangerous.
2.If grain gets____ and goes bad, it's impossible to use it for food.
A. wet B. dry C. big D. small
3.What may be Zach's idea?
A. To find a better job. B. To make a robot for him.
C. To walk into the barn with him. D. To check the barn together.
4.The Grain Weevil robot can____.
A. find out what weather is good for farming
B. find out how dangerous it is in a barn
C. know what the weather will be like
D. know how warm and wet the grain is
5.Which column(栏目) of a newspaper may the passage come from?
A. Travel guide. B. Sports website.
C. Science magazine. D. Cultural story.
