文档内容
16 字征服四六级汉译英之：六级实战（二）
《大学英语四级汉译英16字真经》、《大学英语六级汉译英16字真经》编写团队供稿
据世界卫生组织调查数据显示，中国烟草消费占全球三分之一。据国家卫生部门估计，
我国每年有100多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病。吸烟不仅危害自身健康，还会污染环境，危
害他人健康。尽管国家卫生部门2011年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定，但这些规定并
没有“严格执行”。目前，政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校等公
共场所禁烟，同时，要积极宣传禁烟工作，及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟。
一、理清时态
本文是对公共场所吸烟危害和禁烟规定的客观性描述，使用最频繁的时态应该是一般
现在时。
判断过程：
1. 直接找信号词，如“2011 年”——一般过去时，“出台了…并没有”（并联系上下文语境判
断）——现在完成时。
2.其余句子表述一般事实或经常性动作，采用一般现在时。
二、合理断并
本文句子逻辑清晰，主干明确，枝叶也很好“梳理”。因此，可以根据意群断句。
据世界卫生组织调查数据显示，中国烟草消费占全球三分之一。/据国家卫生部门估计，
我国每年有 100 多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病。/吸烟不仅危害自身健康，还会污染环境，
危害他人健康。/尽管国家卫生部门2011年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定，但这些规定
并没有“严格执行”。/目前，政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校
等公共场所禁烟，/同时，要积极宣传禁烟工作，及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟。
三、找准主干，梳理枝叶
1. 据世界卫生组织调查数据显示，中国烟草消费占全球三分之一。
【参考译文1】According to the data collected by the World Health Organization, Chinese
smokers consume a third of the world’s cigarettes.【参考译文2】According to the data collected by the World Health Organization, China accounts
for a third of the world’s cigarette consumption.
2. 据国家卫生部门估计，我国每年有100多万人死于与烟草有关的疾病。
【参考译文 1】China’s national health authorities estimate over a million deaths from
tobacco-related diseases every year.
【参考译文2】It is estimated by China’s national health authorities that over a million people die
from tobacco-related diseases every year.
3. 吸烟不仅危害自身健康，还会污染环境，危害他人健康。
【参考译文】Smoking is bad for the health of not only the smokers, but also the non-smokers
because of the polluted air.
4. 尽管国家卫生部门 2011 年就出台了公共场所禁止吸烟的规定，但这些规定并没有“严格
执行”。
【参考译文】Although the nation's health ministry issued regulations in 2011 to ban smoking in
public places, they haven’t been "strictly enforced".
5. 目前，政府明确要求各级领导干部带头在医院、公共交通设施和学校等公共场所禁烟，
【参考译文1】At present, Chinese government explicitly requires officials at all levels not to
smoke in public places such as hospitals, public transport or schools to set a good example for the
public.
【参考译文2】At present, officials at all levels are explicitly required by the government not to
smoke in public places such as hospitals, public transport or schools to set a good example for the
public.
【参考译文3】At present, it is explicitly required by the government that officials at all levels
smoke no cigarette in public places such as hospitals, public transport or schools to set a good
example for the public.6. 同时，要积极宣传禁烟工作，及时制止他人在公共场所吸烟。
【参考译文】Besides, they should actively promote the anti-smoking campaign and promptly stop
other people from smoking in public places.
【解析】此句为无主句,但主语很明确，就是“各级领导干部”，但为避免重复，用“they”指代。
另外，“同时”这个承上启下的关联词除了“besides”外，还可以用 “meanwhile”，“at the
same time”，“moreover”等其他表达。
【全文参考译文】
According to the data collected by the World Health Organization, about one in three
cigarettes smoked in the world are in China. China’s national health authorities estimate over a
million deaths from tobacco-related diseases every year. Smoking is bad for the health of not only
the smokers, but also the non-smokers because of the polluted air. Although the nation's health
ministry issued a regulation in 2011 to ban smoking in public places, they haven't been "strictly
enforced". At present, Chinese government explicitly requires officials at all levels not to smoke
in public places such as hospitals, public transport or schools to set a good example for the public.
Besides, they should actively promote the anti-smoking campaign and promptly stop other people
from smoking in public places.
重点词汇短语与表达：
national health authorities 国家卫生部门（当局，机构）
issue regulation 出台规定
be strictly enforced 被严格执行
officials at all levels 各级官员
set a good example for 为…做好榜样
anti-smoking campaign 禁烟运动
stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
（更多内容请阅读西南交通大学出版社出版的《大学英语四级汉译英16字真经》、《大学英
语六级汉译英16字真经》）
