文档内容
2010 年 12 月英语四级考试真题
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or
less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the
interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study
of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as
behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the
biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology
influences mind, brain and behavior.
Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based
in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you
can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is
easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye
color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52
they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological
scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature
and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54
that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people
are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but
the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the
basic picture is there from the beginning.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
［A］ abilities ［I］ extent ［B］
achieve ［J］ indicates ［C］
appeal ［K］ proceeds ［D］
complaints ［L］ psychological ［E］
contributions ［M］ raised ［F］
displayed ［N］ smart ［G］
essentially ［O］ standard ［H］
eventually
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. M) raised 48. L) psychological 49. E) contributions 50. A) abilities
51. B) achieve 52. N) smart 53. I) extent 54. J) indicates
55. G) essentially 56. H) eventually
2010 年 6 月英语四级考试真题
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
ꢀꢀSection A
ꢀꢀDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to
select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following
the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not useany of the words in the bank more than once.
ꢀꢀQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
ꢀꢀWhen we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of
high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines.
But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__
wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous
amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it
would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new
energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So
in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But
at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling
and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate
change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of
the National Trust.
ꢀ ꢀ With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient.
Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built
after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in
more outside air.
ꢀꢀFortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can
green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar
home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can
help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
ꢀꢀ注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtful D) exceptions
E) expand F) historic G) incredibly H) powering
I) protect J) reduced K) replace L) sense
M) shifted N) supplying O) vast
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
ꢀꢀ47. G incredibly 48. K replace 49. J reduced 50. L sense 51. H powering
ꢀꢀ52. D exceptions ꢀ53. E expand 54. O vast 55. F historic 56. I protect
2009 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
ꢀQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
ꢀꢀIn families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’
s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.
ꢀꢀResearchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were
a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care
arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-class families, with married parents
both living in the home.
ꢀ ꢀ When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play
sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will appear in the
November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.
ꢀꢀThe scientists measured the 49 number of utterance (话语) of the parents, the
number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not
differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.
ꢀꢀFinally, the researchers 51 the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized
language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level
of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.
ꢀꢀThe researchers are 53 why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an
effect.
ꢀꢀ“It’s well 54 that the mother’s language does have an impact,” said Nadya
Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers
in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children’s speech development,
Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn’t measure in
the study.” ꢀꢀ注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。
A) already B) analyzed C) aspects D) characters
E) contributing F) describing G) established H) quality
I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) total
M) unconscious N) unsure O) yet
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
ꢀ47.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
ꢀꢀK【火眼金睛】本句缺少谓语，根据句中 before 引导的时间状语从句中的过
去时态，可以断定谓语动词应使用过去时。根据句意，备选动词中 recruited 符合
题意。此外备选词中 analyzed 是强干扰项，但其实并不合适，因为“研究者们分
析了 92 个家庭……，并且逐一询问了他们的收入、受教育状况、孩子的照顾情
况。”其中“分析”与“逐一询问”在逻辑意义上不符。
ꢀꢀ48.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
ꢀꢀJ【火眼金睛】空格处在 with 短语中，且应该作宾语 parents 的补足语。根
据句意可知此处应为“研究人员将他们与父母双方在家自由玩耍的情景录制下来
，
并记录他们所有的谈话。”可以看出此处需填一个动名词，并含有“记录”的
意 思，备选动词中 recording 符合题意。 ꢀꢀ49.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
ꢀꢀL【火眼金睛】空格位于 the 与 number 之间，可知此处需填入一个形容词
作定语。备选形容词中 total 符合题意，意为“父母亲话语总的数量”。
ꢀꢀ50.【快速解题】名词辨义题。
ꢀꢀC【火眼金睛】空格位于 other 之后，可知此处需填入名词，备选名词只有
aspects 符合题意，意为“科学家们测量了父母亲话语总的数量，使用不同词汇
的数量，他们的语句的复杂程度以及他们语言的其他方面。”
51.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
ꢀꢀB【火眼金睛】空格在主语 the researchers 之后，可知此处应填入谓语动词
的过去时态。剩余的备选动词中 analyzed 符合题意，意为“最后，当孩子们三
岁时，研究者们对孩子进行了标准化的语言测试，并对他们的语言进行了分析。
” ꢀꢀ52.【快速解题】名词辨义题。
ꢀꢀH【火眼金睛】空格处前后分别为 the 与 of，可知此处需填入名词，根据上
下文可知该句意为“测试中，预测高分的指标包括母亲受教育的程度，养育孩子
的质量，父亲使用不同词汇的数量。”备选名词中 quality 符合题意。ꢀꢀ53.【快速解题】形容词辨义题。
ꢀꢀN【火眼金睛】空格位于 be 动词与 why 从句之间，可知需填入形容词或过
去分词，以构成系表结构。动词中的剩余词汇，均不能使句意通顺。备选形容词
中 unsure 可使句意通顺，意为“令研究者们疑惑的是为什么父亲而非母亲的语
言对孩子有影响。”
ꢀꢀ54.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
ꢀꢀG【火眼金睛】空格处在 is well 和 that 从句之间，此处需要填入过去分词。
备选动词中 established 符合题意, 其中 it is well established that…，意为“大家公
认……”。
ꢀꢀ55.【快速解题】副词辨义题。
ꢀꢀA【火眼金睛】本句结构完整，空格处需填入一个副词。空格前后的 had 并
不相同，前面的 had 是构成过去完成时态的助动词，后面的 had 是短语 have a
strong influence on…，结合句意，备选副词中 already 符合题意。
ꢀꢀ56.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
ꢀꢀE【火眼金睛】纵观全句，空格处应填入现在分词，与 are 构成现在进行时
态。根据句意“最终对于整个学校的文化氛围都会产生有益的影响”。备选动词
中 contributing 符合题意, 意为“可能母亲起作用的方式在研究中我们没有测
量。”
2009 年 6 月英语四级考试真题与答案
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that
writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the
writing process 48 and difficult.
How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- 49
English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in
an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who
think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the
rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any
writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One
great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.
Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just
like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve
quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after
only a few weeks of journal writing .
Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to
strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are
practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so
that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or
the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step
56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .A) closer I) painful
B) daily J) performance
C) emotional K) profession
D) enhance L) remarkably
E) enormous M) require
F) especially N) sensitive
G) hinder O) urge
H) mission
ꢀ答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. M require 48. I painful 49.F especially 50. E enormous
51.H mission 52. D enhance 53. B daily 54.J performance
55. K profession 56 A daily
2008 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题
Question 47-56
A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of
life. They meet the natural______47_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity
and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book,
for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_____ to books because their
curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences
of others and their need to ____49 _____ from their own limited environment lead
them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find
a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was
and it is now. They are presented with a __50 _____ of human experiences and come
to ___51 ____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 ____ their own
relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53__ in their
stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give
significance to their own.
Books provide ___54 ____ material for readers’ imagination to grow.
Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement.
While enriching their imagination, books __55 ____their outlook, develop a
fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 ___. The social and
educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic
library.
A. Abundant B. Characters C. Communicating D. Completely
E. Derive F. Desire G. Diversity H. EscapeI. Establishing J. Narrow K. Naturally L. Personnel
M. Properly N. Respect O. Widen
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. F/ desire 48. K/ naturally 49. H/ escape 50. G/ diversity
51. N/ respect 52. I/ establishing 53. B/ characters 54. A/ abundant
55. O/ widen 56. M/ properly
2008 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题
Section A
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three
months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could
hardly _47_ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of
foreign languages was _48_ to a little college French.
I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, _49_ unfamiliar with local
geography or transportation systems, set up _50_ and do research? It seemed
impossible, and with considerable _51_ I sat down to write a letter begging off.
Halfway through, a thought can through my mind: you can learn if you don’t try. So
I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad _52_. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an
experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most
remote of places, without guiders or even _53_ bookings, confident that somehow I
will manage.
The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition _54_. But each
time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to
you.
I’ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a _55_. And I know
I’ll go on doing such things. It’s not because I’m braver or more daring than
others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe
I can _56_ wonders.
A) accomplish B) advanced C) balloon D) claim
E) constantly F) declare G) interviews H)limited
I) manufacture J) moments K) news L) reduced
M) regret N) scary O) totally
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. D) claim 48. H) limited 49. O) totally 50. G) interviews
51. M) regret 52. J) moments 53. B) advanced 54. N) scary
55. C) balloon 56. A) accomplish
2007 年 12 月四级考试真题
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.As war spreads to many comers of the globe, Children sadly have been
drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however,
groups of children have been taking part in peace education 47 .The children, after
learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 48 of peacemakers. The Children’s
Movement for peacemakers was even nominated(提名) or the Nobel peace prize in
1998. Groups of children 49 is peacemakers studied human rights an poverty issues in
Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known a The
Schools of Peace.
The classroom 50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent
behaviors with 51 ,peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for
each person empowers children to take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers.
Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 53 useful when
helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in
1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 54 on staring a Kindness
Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention
to children’s rights and how to help the 55 of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club is a
praiseworthy venture for a class an one that could spread to other classrooms an
ideally affect the culture of the 56 school.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
A) acting I) information B) assuming J) offers
C) comprehensive K) projects D) cooperative L) respectively
E) entire M) role F) especially N) technology
G) forward O) victims H) images
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. K. projects ꢀ48. M. role ꢀ49. A. acting ꢀ50. J. offers
51. D. cooperative52. G. forward 53. F. especially 54. I. Information
55. O. victims ꢀ56. E. entire.
2007年6月23日大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷及答案
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, whenolder patients __47__ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have
to learn to live with it.
Times have changed. Today, we take pain __48__. Indeed, pain is now considered the
fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in __49__ a
person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a person’s life,
causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.
That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __51__ in
pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain
better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological
and social __52__ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work
of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain
medicine.
This modern __54__ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments
which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were
only a __55__ number of drugs available, and many of them caused __56__ side effects in older
people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications
helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
A) result I) determining B) involves J) limited C) significant K) gravely
D) range L) complained E) relieved M) respect F) issues N) prompting
G) seriously O) specialize H) magnificent
答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. L 48. G 49. I 50. D 51. O
52. F 53. B 54. M 55. J 56. C
2006年12月23日四级考试真题
Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to
select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following
the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each
item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of
the words in the bank more than once.
The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed
U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done 47 by
women----ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing 48
work——still need to be done by someone .Husbands and children now do some of
these jobs, a 49 that has changed the target market for many products. Or a
working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time “and look for help elsewhere,
creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners,
financial services, and the like.
Although there is still a big wage 50 between men and women, the income
working women 51 gives them new independence and buying power. For
example, women now 52 about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars
dealers 53 women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come backwith their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are 54
customers. It’s interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to
55 pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy
cars — the Japanese society is still very much male—oriented. Perhaps it was the
56 contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more
attention to women buyers. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答
A）scale B）retailed C）generate D）extreme
E）technically F）affordable G）situation H）really
I）potential J）gap K）voluntary L）excessive
M）insulted N）purchase O）primarily
答案 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. O) primarily 48. K) voluntary 49. G) situation 50. J) gap
51. C) generate 52. N) purchase 53. M) insulted 54. I) potential
55. H) really 56. D) extreme
