文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．contract n．合同；契约
2．foster v．培养；促进；代养；抚育
3．toll n．(事故、灾难、战争等的)伤亡人数
4．lifelong adj.终生的；毕生的
5．partner n．合作伙伴
6．police n．(集体名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数)警察部门；警方 vt.监督；监管；巡查
7．nationwide adj.全国性的；遍及全国的 adv.在全国
8．welfare n．福利；福祉，幸福
9．youngster n．年轻人
10．plus adj.正的，零上；优点的；多，余 prep.加；加上(反义词minus)；外加；另有 n．
[C]加号；正号；优势 conj.并且；而且
11．United Nations Development Programme联合国开发计划署
12．Economic and Social Council经济及社会理事会
13．International Olympic Committee国际奥委会
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．mission n．任务；职责；使命
2．project n．项目，工程
3．programme n．计划，方案；活动安排；节目(单) vt.计划，规划，安排
4．model n．模特；模型；范例 vt.将……做成模型；复制
5．local adj.当地的 n．当地人
6．activity n．活动
7．daily adj.每天的；日常的 adv.每日；每天 n．日报
8．account n．[C](常用复数)账，账目；账户，账号；叙述；报告；解释 vt.认为是，视为
9．alike adj.(不用于名词前)同样的；相像的 adv.很相似地；同样地；两者都10．conflict n．战斗；(军事)冲突；矛盾 vi.冲突，抵触
11．put vt.放置；安装；把……送往；写上；标上；说，提出；使处于(某种状态)；认为
12．quantity n．量；数量
13．salary n．工资；薪水
14．profound adj.(影响)深远的；极大的
15．sponsor n．赞助者；发起者；主办者；保(证)人 vt.赞助；发起
16．available adj.可获得的；可找到的；有空的；可利用的
17．community n．社区；社团；团体
18．charity n．[U]慈善；施舍行为，善举；(usually pl.)慈善团体，慈善事业
19．offer v．(主动)提出(愿意做某事)；提供
20．permanent adj.长久的；永久的；永恒的
21．post n．邮件；职位；柱子；帖子 vt.邮寄；发帖
22．shot n．(电影、电视的)镜头
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的→typically adv.典型地；一般地→type n．种类；典型
v．打字；测定……的类型
2．satisfy vt.使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的
→satisfaction n．满足
3．possibility n．可能性；可能；可能的办法→possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地
4．organize vt.组织；安排；规划→organization n．组织；机构；团体
5．accomplish vt.(通过努力)完成；实现→accomplishment n．[C]成就；[U]完成
6．divide vi.& vt.划分；分割；分配；除以；使产生分歧→division n．分开；分配；[U]除
法；分裂；分歧；差异
7．fold vt.折叠；折起来；合拢；包；裹→folding adj.可折叠的
8．instant adj.立刻的；马上的 n．瞬间；片刻→instantly adv.立即；马上 conj.一……
就……
9．arrange v．安排→arrangement n．安排；约定
10．description n．描写；描述；形容；叙述→describe v．描写；描述；形容；叙述
11．promote v．增进，促进；提升；宣传，推广，推销(商品等)→promotion n．促进；提
升
12．donate vt.捐赠→donation n．捐赠；捐献→donor n．捐赠者
13．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
14．disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍→disable vt.使(某人)残
废；使……丧失能力
15．association n．协会；联合→associate v．联合→associated adj.联合的；有关联的16．collection n．[C]作品集；收藏品；募捐；募集的钱；[U]收集；采集→collect vt.收集；
采集；募捐
17．qualified adj.合格的；称职的→qualify vi.取得资格；合格 vt.使具备资格→qualification
n．资格；资格证书
18．share v．共享；分担 n．一份；股份→shared adj.共享的；共用的
19．support vt.& n．支持；拥护；支撑；供养→supporter n．支持者；拥护者→supportive
adj.支持的；拥护的；给予帮助的
20．clarify vt.阐明，澄清(思想、问题等)；净化→clarification n．澄清，说明；净化
21．warning n．警告；告诫→warn v．警告；告诫
1．agency n．(政府等的)专业行政部门；经销处
2．allocate vt.分配，分派，把……拨(给)
3．anticipate vt.预期，预料，期望
4．dignity n．尊严；高贵
5．subscribe v．定期(向慈善机构)捐款
6．establish vt.建立，创立
7．fund n．基金，专款 vt.为……提供资金
8．loudspeaker n．扬声器，喇叭
9．criterion n．(pl.criteria)标准；准则；原则
10．beneficiary n．受益者；受惠人
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．carry out 实施，执行
2．in response to作为对……的回应
3．look back (on/upon)回忆；回顾
4．have an effect on/upon对……产生影响
5．take the place of代替
6．in practice实际上；在实践中
7．take...for granted认为……理所当然
8．break down(机器等)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败
9．take notice of注意到
10．take in吸收；理解；欺骗
11．make a list of列……的清单
12．at one time曾经；一度13．with/have a history of...有……的历史
14．arouse one’s enthusiasm for...激发某人对……的热情
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
Whatever stage of life you’re at，wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA，
you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.
无论你在人生的什么阶段，无论你去往何处，无论你在GDA中做什么项目，都会给一个贫
穷偏远的社区带来积极的改变。
2．It is (high) time that...是时候该(做某事了)
It is high time that the government should attach great importance to energy saving and
environmental protection.
是时候政府应该高度重视节能和环境保护了。
3．状语从句的省略
Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the
communities.
加入我们，成为志愿者管理人员，在为社区带来好处的同时也能提升你自己的技能。
4．only to do 结果却……(表出乎意料的结果)
He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for
South America.
他身无分文地来到新奥尔良，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1．contract n．合同；契约
2．foster v．培养；促进；代养；抚育
3．toll n． ( 事故、灾难、战争等的 ) 伤亡人数
4．lifelong adj.终生的；毕生的
5．nationwide adj.全国性的；遍及全国的 adv.在全国
6．welfare n．福利；福祉，幸福
7．youngster n．年轻人
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共14分)
1．mission n．任务；职责；使命
2．project n．项目，工程
3．programme n．计划，方案；活动安排；节目(单) vt.计划，规划，安排
4．daily adj.每天的；日常的 adv.每日；每天 n．日报5．account n．[C](常用复数)账，账目；账户，账号；叙述；报告；解释 vt.认为是，视为
6．conflict n．战斗；(军事)冲突；矛盾 vi.冲突，抵触
7．salary n．工资；薪水
8．profound adj.(影响)深远的；极大的
9．sponsor n．赞助者；发起者；主办者；保(证)人 vt.赞助；发起
10．available adj.可获得的；可找到的；有空的；可利用的
11．charity n．[U]慈善；施舍行为，善举；(usually pl.)慈善团体，慈善事业
12．offer v．(主动)提出(愿意做某事)；提供
13．permanent adj.长久的；永久的；永恒的
14．shot n．(电影、电视的)镜头
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．possibility n．可能性；可能；可能的办法→possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地
2．association n．协会；联合→associate v．联合→associated adj.联合的；有关联的
3．satisfy vt.使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的
→satisfaction n．满足
4．instant adj.立刻的；马上的 n．瞬间；片刻→instantly adv.立即；马上 conj.一……
就……
5．support vt.& n．支持；拥护；支撑；供养→supporter n．支持者；拥护者→supportive
adj.支持的；拥护的；给予帮助的
6．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
7．collection n．[C]作品集；收藏品；募捐；募集的钱；[U]收集；采集→collect vt.收集；
采集；募捐
8．qualified adj.合格的；称职的→qualify vi.取得资格；合格 vt.使具备资格→qualification
n．资格；资格证书
9．clarify vt.阐明，澄清(思想、问题等)；净化→clarification n．澄清，说明；净化
10．warning n．警告；告诫→warn v．警告；告诫
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．allocate vt. 分配，分派，把 …… 拨 ( 给 )
2．anticipate vt.预期，预料，期望
3．dignity n．尊严；高贵
4．subscribe v． 定期 ( 向慈善机构 ) 捐款
5．establish vt.建立，创立
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．in response to 作为对……的回应
2．have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响3．take the place of 代替
4．in practice 实际上；在实践中
5．take...for granted 认为……理所当然
6．take notice of 注意到
7． arouse one ’ s enthusiasm for.. .激发某人对……的热情
8．at one time 曾经；一度
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)
1．She is disabled，but she refuses to let her disability prevent her from doing what she wants to
do.(disable)
2．We could make an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 10 a．m.and arrange for the
following activities.(arrange)
3．Before the discussion，the boys and the girls have been divided and the division is useful for
their study.(divide)
4 ． The little child described the whole incident vividly ， and we were touched by his
description.(describe)
5．The gymnast accomplished her actions excellently in the Olympic Games so she received
several awards for her great accomplishments.(accomplish)
6．The donor generously donated food and money to the poor family and his donation(s) helped
them go through the hard time.(donate)
7．The kind-hearted organizer of a social organization has been organizing several charity
activities in the past few months.(organize)
8．Mr White got promoted yesterday and his colleagues held a party to celebrate the promotion.
(promote)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．Some people agree that we should carry out this construction project because it can solve some
traffic problems.
2．To our disappointment，the peace talks between the two companies broke down.
3．The earliest existing wood carving was dug out in the 1980s in Hubei Province，which is
believed to have a history of over two thousand years.
4．When I looked back on the days when I was a volunteer in our community，I realized that I
benefited a lot in spite of many difficulties.
5．I hardly took in what the teacher said in class，which put me in low spirits.
6．I made a list of the most influential factors before I made a final decision.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)1．无论遇到什么困难，他都不会放弃，继续投身于志愿工作。(“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让
步状语从句)
Whatever difficulties he may meet with，he will never give up and continue to devote himself to
the voluntary work.
2．到了政府应该采取有效措施保护野生动物免遭灭绝的时候了。(It is high time that...)
It is high time that the government took/should take effective measures to protect wildlife from
extinction.
3．通过这次活动，我意识到当面对困难时，我应该和我的伙伴合作。(状语从句的省略)
Through the activity，I realized that I should cooperate with my partners when faced with
difficulties.
4．她的心因恐惧而狂跳。她伸手拿手机寻求帮助，却发现它没电了。(only to do)
Her heart was racing with fear.She reached for her cellphone to ask for help only to find it out of
power.
Mr Lee had been a barber for many years before he was hit by a car when riding a bike.He had
a close encounter with death and the accident had a profound effect 1.on/upon him.He suffered
a lot.Thanks to his outgoing personality，finally he recovered.He 2.felt(feel) it was his mission to
make people obey the traffic rules.He applied for a post as a policeman but got refused，because
he wasn’t 3.qualified(qualify) for the job.However，with the help of an organization he 4.was
allowed(allow) to be a temporary rather than permanent worker.Mr Lee signed 5.a contract，
though now he doesn’t earn a large salary.Mr Lee realizes that it’s essential for everyone 6.to
respect(respect) the traffic rules.Every day ， Mr Lee takes up his place in the street
7.directing(direct) the traffic，sending people warnings.Some people 8.who/that pass by take
notice of him，and with time going by，they take it for granted 9.that Mr Lee does
this.Sometimes，he helps the elderly or kids cross the street and they are 10.grateful(gratitude) to
him.In response to his work，a large quantity of people who often pass by the crossroads never
break the rules.In practice，the toll here has dropped to nearly zero.
satisfy vt.使满意，使满足；满足(需求、需要等)[satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfied
adj.(感到)满意的 satisfaction n．满意 satisfactory adj.令人满意的；够好的]
•satisfy/meet one’s needs/demands满足某人的需要/要求
•be satisfied to do.../with...对(做)……感到满意
•in/with satisfaction满意地to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是
(1)From the satisfied smile on her face，we can see the performance was satisfying/satisfactory.
(satisfy)
(2)On hearing what he had achieved in his field ， his father stared at him with
satisfaction(satisfy)．
(3)当我们看到自己的劳动果实被装上卡车时，我们都感到既满足又兴奋。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书
面表达)
When seeing our fruits of labor were loaded onto the truck，we all felt satisfied and excited.
instant adj.立即的；立刻的；速食的 n.瞬间；片刻(instantly adv.立即；马上 conj.
一……就……)
in an instant＝instantly立刻；马上
for an instant一瞬间；顷刻
一……就……
(1)In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
(2)He met with difficulties while doing research，but he just hesitated for an instant and then he
went on with his work.
(3)Chen instantly(instant) rushed to help Zhang to his feet and performed the practical Heimlich
Manoeuvre.
(4)她一回到美国就成功地创立了美国红十字会。
The moment/minute/instant/Instantly/Immediately/Directly she returned to the United States，she
successfully founded the American Red Cross.
arrange v．安排；筹备；整理；排列；布置(arrangement n．安排；筹备；约定；布置；
整理)
•arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事
arrange to do sth 安排做某事
arrange for...to do sth 安排……做某事
•make arrangements/an arrangement (for)(为……)做安排
(1)Parents always arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their
success.
(2)The director specially arranged for a person to rent(rent) a castle to make the film.
(3)If you are interested，please sign up at the office before 5 pm next Thursday so that we willmake necessary arrangements(arrange)．
(4)我想告诉你，我和我的同学们已安排好下周六重阳节去附近的敬老院。(话题写作之活动
安排)
I’d like to tell you that my classmates and I have arranged to visit the nearby nursing home next
Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.
promote v．增进，促进；提升，晋升；宣传，推广，推销(商品等)(promotion n．提升；
晋级；促进；促销活动)
•promote sb (from...) to...把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
promote sth to...把某物推销给……
•get/win/gain promotion 获得晋级/晋升
(1)Pupils who pass the test will be promoted to the higher grade.
(2)He owed his rapid promotion(promote) to his constant effort and the support from his family.
(3)经过多年的努力，杰克在这个大公司获得了晋升。
After many years of hard work，Jack got/was promoted/got/won/gained promotion in the large
company.
association n．协会；社团；关联；联想；交往(associate v．联想；联系；交往 adj.副
的 associated adj.联合的；有关联的)
•in association with...与……合作；与……有关联
•associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
associate with与……交往
•be associated with...与……有关
(1)Prior to traveling here，I wasn’t aware that bamboo plants are associated with health and a
happy home.
(2)通过与这家慈善机构合作，我们社区的英语口语俱乐部已经成立了，该机构把流利的英
语和更积极的练习联系在一起。因此，马上加入我们俱乐部吧，在这里你不仅可以学会如何
与他人交往，还可以为有需要的孩子提供帮助。
The Spoken English Club in our community has been set up in association with the charity，
which associates fluent English with more active practice.So join our club right now，where not
only can you learn how to associate with others，but you can also offer help to the children in
need.
in response to作为对……的回应(response n．回答；反应；响应 respond vi.反应；回复，回答)
•make a/no response to...对……作出回应/不予回答
•respond to响应；对……作出反应；回答
(1)The union made no response(respond) to my application for a scholarship，which put me in
despair.
(2)Youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts
quickly and around the clock.
(3)我正在回复你的上一封信，在信中你就如何策划以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动向
我征求建议。(2023·北京)
I am writing in response to your last letter asking me for advice on how to plan a club activity with
the theme of “Green Beijing”．
“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句 Whatever stage of life you ’ re at ， wherever
you go and whatever project you do in GDA，you’ll create positive changes in a poor and
remote community.无论你在人生的什么阶段，无论你去往何处，无论你在 GDA中做什么项
目，都会给一个贫穷偏远的社区带来积极的改变。
句中两个whatever和wherever都引导让步状语从句，其含义相当于no matter what/where，
意为“无论什么/哪里”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。
•whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从
句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
•wherever，whenever，however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter where/when/how。
(1)你在这里逗留期间，无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。
Whenever/No matter when you need help during your stay here，I sincerely hope that you can get
in touch with me without hesitation.
(2)无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他
们更多有关我们的习俗和传统的事情。
However/No matter how busy I am，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange
students from the USA with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions.
(3)众所周知，任何人在这个国家触犯法律都会受到惩罚。
As is known to all，whoever breaks the law in this country will be punished.
(4)无论我遇到什么困难，我都会尽我所能克服它们。
Whatever/No matter what difficulties I come across，I will do whatever I can to overcome them.
状语从句的省略 Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills whilebringing benefits to the communities.加入我们，成为志愿者管理人员，在为社区带来好处
的同时也能提升你自己的技能。
状语从句的省略有两种形式：
•当while，if，when，once，until，unless，as if，whether...or...，unless，although/though，
even though，even if等引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有 be动
词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
•当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。
(1)While working(work)，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields in the hot sun.
(2)Having enough data in hand，we can set out to carry out our plan as told(tell)．
(3)如果我们能做到这一点，我们就能跟上时代。否则，我们将一直落后。
If we can do this，we can keep up with the times.If not，we would always fall behind.
(4)他们有责任感，无私奉献，如果有必要，他们愿意为国捐躯。
They are responsible and selfless and they are ready to give their lives for their countries if
necessary.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．break down
A.分解 B.身体等垮掉 C.谈判等失败D.情感等失控 E.打破，消除 F.机器等
出故障，抛锚
(1)Really，the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way，which put my dad in trouble.
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写) F
(2)He broke down and wept when he heard the news. D
(3)It is a pity that the peace talks broke down with no agreement reached in the end. C
(4)Your health will break down if you continue to work day and night. B
(5)You should break down your methods so that each method does a particular work. A
(6)History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire
worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.(2020·天津5月) E
2．put
(1)Rather than put him in the hospital，she had been caring for him at home. A
(2)Many factories have to close because of the fierce typhoon，which is going to put them out of
business. D
(3)As Kristian Hammond ， professor of electrical engineering and computer science atNorthwestern University，put it：“There’s never a stage at which the system knows what
it’s talking about.”(2023·浙江1月) C
(4)I’d put her in the top rank of modern novelists. E
(5)I couldn’t read what she had put. B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)I’ve never produced a play before but I’ll have a shot at it.尝试
(2)A company had problems when it tried to introduce instant coffee to the French market.速溶的
(3)To our amazement，drawing and singing were among her many accomplishments.才艺；专长
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
2．While visiting(visit) this exhibition，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a
lot.
3．Instantly(instant) the female astronaut turned up at the meeting，people present applauded
loudly.
4．However busy I am，I will spare some time every week to accompany the elderly in the
nursing home.
5．Typically(typical)，small deeds can make a real difference to those in need.
6．The satisfaction(satisfy) of knowing that my work will be on that mountainside for years to
come is massive.(2021·浙江1月)
7．I took it for granted that he would negotiate with me about what to do next for the disabled，
but he didn’t.
8．They take in rain and allow it to flow into the soil instead of running off.
9．I have an urge to visit the exhibition sponsored(sponsor) by the Society of Culture，a famous
organization.
10．Children should be encouraged to share what they have with their friends.
11．Our neighbour John worked very hard.He spent several months asking for a pay increase，
only to be told(tell) he was fired soon after receiving it.
12．Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people
were divided(divide) geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
13．The 10 people were chosen for the experiment because their lifestyles were typical of
ordinary people.
14．Frankly speaking，his clarification and explanation had a great effect on/upon me.
假设你是校学生会主席李华，计划近期组织同学们去儿童福利院做志愿工作。得知你校外教Peter对此活动非常感兴趣，请你根据以下要点写封邮件邀请他参加。
1.活动目的； 2.活动时间； 3.活动内容。
完成句子
1．很高兴得知你对志愿工作表现出极大的兴趣，我很荣幸邀请你参加我们在儿童福利院的
活动。(children’s welfare home)
2．我们已安排在本周日上午 9点30分开始活动，旨在向儿童表达我们的爱和关怀。
(arrange to do)
3．我们一到那里，就会开始分发来自各个领域的人们捐赠的衣服和书籍。(the instant)
4．然后，为了激发孩子们的阅读热情，我们将分享故事并鼓励他们在阅读时做笔记。
(arouse one’s enthusiasm for...；状语从句的省略)
5．如果你能留出一些时间一起来，我们会尽快做出必要的安排。(make arrangements)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Peter，
Delighted to know that you show great interest in voluntary work，I’m honored to invite
you to join in our activity in the children’s welfare home.
We have arranged to start the activity aimed at showing our love and care to the children at
9：30 this Sunday morning.The instant we arrive there，distribution of clothes and books donated
by people from various fields will begin.Then，to arouse the children’s enthusiasm for reading，
we will share stories and encourage them to take notes while reading.
If you can set aside some time to come along，we will make necessary arrangements as soon
as possible.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
语料积累 动作链公式恰当的动作描写可以更好地交代人物的身份和地位，表现人物的心理活动，使人物更加立
体形象。常见的动作链公式有：
公式1：主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3
I jumped off the helicopter，dashed to my wife and took her into my arms.我跳下直升机，
冲向我的妻子，把她抱在怀里。
公式2：主语＋动词1 and 动词2，非谓语动词(可前可后)
I stepped onto the stage and stood there，trembling without control.我走上舞台，站在那
里，不由自主地颤抖着。
公式3：主语＋动词，非谓语动词＋and＋非谓语动词(可前可后)
The children wandered to the square，chatting and laughing.孩子们又说又笑地向广场走
去。
语料运用 There was a time when a neighbor invited Xie Lei and her host family to have dinner
during which Xie Lei would like to spread Chinese culture.① Bringing her handmade dumplings ，
Xie Lei followed her host family and stepped into the neighbor ’ s house (非谓语动词，主语＋动
词 1 and 动词 2)．② Warmly welcomed ， Xie Lei sat down on the sofa ， chatting with them
heartily about each other ’ s colorful customs and festivals (非谓语动词，主语＋动词，非谓语动
词)．At last，Xie Lei taught them how to make dumplings，which aroused their interest.At 9 pm
③ Xie Lei and her host family said goodbye to the neighbor ， headed back and talked about the
beautiful evening(主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3)．
有一次，一位邻居邀请谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭共进晚餐，在此期间谢蕾想要传播中国文化。谢
蕾带着自己亲手包的饺子，跟着寄宿家庭走进了邻居家。谢蕾在热烈的欢迎下，坐在沙发上，
兴致勃勃地和他们聊着彼此丰富多彩的风俗和节日。最后，谢蕾教他们如何包饺子，这引起
了他们的兴趣。晚上9点，谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭告别了邻居，返回，并谈论这个美好的夜晚。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Books are magical and allow children to enter the world of fairy tales，jungles，and faraway
places.An organization in South Africa is making this happen for children across the country.
Book Dash，a literacy organization，publishes free books for young children in the 11
official South African languages to fulfill its mission that every child should own 100 books before
the age of five.The organization believes that reading and owning books is important for
children’s early development and future academic success.
Almost 60 percent of South African homes do not own a single book according to a 2016
South African Book Development Council report.According to the report，having as few as 20books in the home has a huge impact on a child’s going on to higher levels of education.The
impact of having 100 is even more pronounced.
The reason why so few South African homes have books is that they simply cannot afford
them ， Book Dash’s director Dorette Louw said.Many families cannot purchase shiny
children’s picture books in bookstores.Printing short-run books for a South African market is very
costly.“We were shocked by the idea that books were luxury goods in South Africa，” Louw
said.That’s why the organization decided to self-publish quality children’s books in a very
unique way.The Book Dash model，according to the organization that opened in 2014，is a
unique 12-hour book-making method to create quality children’s books in just one day from a
rough design.All of the participants ， authors ， illustrators ， editors ， and designers are
volunteers.The only cost is for the printing.
Book Dash has produced over 100 books on various topics，such as a runaway pig，a blind
box，a sloth(树懒) looking for a nap spot，and a book about understanding death.They partner
with literacy organizations to distribute these books to children in need.
Book Dash also makes PDFs of its books available free on its website，Android app，and
literacy digital platforms ， and has made inexpensive copies available through its online
bookstore.This open license，the organization said，means that anyone can adapt and reshare
these books to reach children around the globe.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。非营利组织Book Dash通过出版免费图书，帮助南非的儿童
进入童话、丛林和遥远地方的世界，以此促进儿童的早期发展。
1．What is the goal for Book Dash?
A．To make children have 100 books at their young age.
B．To let more people know reading is important for children.
C．To make South Africa a literate country.
D．To show children the real world with jungles.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Book Dash，a literacy organization...to fulfill its
mission that every child should own 100 books before the age of five.”可知，Book Dash的目标
是让孩子们在年幼时拥有100本书。故选A。
2．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “pronounced”
in paragraph 3?
A．Unapparent. B．Significant.
C．Respective. D．Concerning.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“...has a huge impact on a child’s going on to higherlevels of education.”可知，只要家里有20本书，就会对孩子接受更高层次的教育产生巨大
影响。而拥有100本书的影响更加显著，故pronounced意思是“显著的，明显的”，与
significant意义最接近。故选B。
3．What is Book Dash’s reaction to making books less luxurious in South Africa?
A．Recruiting more editors for the organization.
B．Opening more branches in foreign countries.
C．Publishing books in a quicker and cheaper way.
D．Lending some qualified copies in the online bookstore.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句可知，Book Dash为了让南非的书籍变得不那么奢
侈，采取了更快捷、更便宜的出版方式。故选C。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How Book Dash Functions in Africa
B．Book Dash Inspires Young Readers to Soar
C．Books Are Significant for Everyone
D．Book Dash Publishes PDF Books on the Website
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。根据全文尤其是第二段可知，本文主要讲述了非营利组织 Book Dash通
过出版免费图书，激发儿童的阅读兴趣。故B选项“Book Dash激励年轻读者翱翔”最能概
括文章的主题。故选B。
B
Committed to helping humans communicate with and understand as many species as
possible，a California-based non-profit organization，Earth Species Project(ESP) is taking the
lead.
“We are species-independent，” Raskin said to The Guardian，adding that ESP is
developing translation algorithms(算法) that can be applied to biological systems of all kinds，
from worms to whales.Raskin acknowledges that the goal is similar to going to the moon.Instead，
the ESP roadmap involves solving a series of smaller problems to achieve the big picture.These
tools will assist researchers in revealing the secrets of species under study using artificial
intelligence.
Bees，for instance，do a special “waggle dance” to signal to each other that they should
land on a certain flower ， which is a form of non-verbal communication.A noisy social
environment can make it difficult to determine which animal is making the sound within a
group.This phenomenon is known as the “cocktail party problem”．
Though there are many challenges，some progress has been made，such as an algorithm thatcan produce imitated animal sounds to talk directly with them.
“It’s making the AI speak the language，although we don’t know what it means yet，”
Raskin said.“These are the tools that allow us to understand entire communication systems.” As
we can see，artificial intelligence is once again being used by scientists to break barriers and open
new doors that would otherwise be unopenable.More and more scientists are turning towards
artificial intelligence for help in various fields，despite many well-known scientists warning that
AI must be controlled and looked over.
Last year，a former Google engineer claimed that the AI was sentient(有感知能力的)．
Although this isn’t likely to be the case ，it shows just how far artificial intelligence has
progressed.Interestingly，and in a somewhat connection to ESP，Professor Avi Loeb has proposed
that artificial intelligence developed by humans could one day identify Alien AI and communicate
with it.
语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了非营利组织ESP正在探索如何利用人工智能了
解更多物种的秘密。
5．Which statement would Raskin probably agree with?
A．The purpose of ESP is to land on the moon.
B．Researchers are studying independent animals.
C．Solving challenging problems is just the priority.
D．AI will offer humans help to understand animals.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是最后一句“These tools will assist researchers in
revealing the secrets of species under study using artificial intelligence.”可知，Raskin认为，通
过翻译算法等工具，人工智能将会帮助人类揭示被研究物种的秘密，由此可推知，选项D
的论述应是Raskin赞成的。故选D。
6．Why does the author mention “waggle dance” and “cocktail party problem”？
A．To show recent discoveries researchers made.
B．To demonstrate difficulties researchers face.
C．To reveal the secrets of species to the public.
D．To arouse readers’ interest in certain animals.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。分析前后文语境，再结合第四段“Though there are many challenges，
some progress has been made...”可推知，第三段中提到的“蜜蜂的摇摆舞”和“鸡尾酒会问
题”是举例，以说明科学家们要弄清各种生物的特性会遇到很多困难。故选B。
7．What can we know about AI in paragraph 5?
A．AI has been abandoned by scientists.B．AI is gradually taking scientists’ place.
C．Scientists have different opinions of AI.
D．Problems can only be solved by AI alone.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段末句可知，有的科学家在利用人工智能做研究，有的科学家
对“使用人工智能”提出警告，由此可知，科学家们对人工智能的看法有所不同。故选C。
8．What does Professor Avi Loeb imply in the last paragraph?
A．People need to lay great stress on the alien communication.
B．AI needs to be constantly updated to match alien technology.
C．We’ll be surely able to communicate with aliens aided by AI.
D．AI has a great potentiality in the field of scientific research.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“...Professor Avi Loeb has proposed that artificial
intelligence...could one day identify Alien AI and communicate with it.”可知，Avi Loeb教授认
为，人工智能可能会识别外星AI并与之进行交流，由此可推知，他暗示了人工智能具有巨
大的潜力。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·重庆质监)
Days earlier ， Sarah Bellamy had received a mysterious email saying that a wealth
management company was interested in discussing the financial crisis of Penumbra.Now，when
she was 1 to unload her groceries onto the conveyor belt(传送带)，her phone rang.“They
told me that MacKenzie Scott was 2 in investing Penumbra，” Bellamy remembers.
It was a familiar 3 for hundreds of other nonprofit leaders—all 4 the woman who
has become one of the most 5 and surprising philanthropists(慈善家) in the world.Her name
is MacKenzie Scott—the writer，first Amazon employee，and former wife of company founder
Jeff Bezos.However， 6 Scott divorced，she had 7 more than $12 billion of her fortune
to help others.As this story went to press，Scott had just 8 her latest money bomb，
revealing in late March that she’d given away $3.9 billion.
Scott’s only 9 of her recipients is that they help maintain her privacy.It’s impossible
to 10 a Scott grant(拨款)，to send her a thank-you note，or to contact her directly；she and
her closest advisers almost never 11 to requests for interviews.Even Bellamy has been 12
not to identify the person who informed them 13 her donations.
Rey Saldana，CEO of a network of nonprofits，says，“Scott is a person who 14 a
significant amount of power by the value of her wealth and understands how to actually 15
power.”
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了女慈善家MacKenzie Scott捐出巨额个人财产，帮助缺乏资金支持的众多非营利机构渡过难关的故事。
1．A.preparing B．thinking
C．enjoying D．picking
答案 A
解析 根据下文“to unload her groceries onto the conveyor belt(传送带)”可知，Sarah Bellamy
正准备购物结账时，电话响了。故选A。
2．A.absorbed B．devoted
C．interested D．frustrated
答案 C
解析 absorbed全神贯注的；devoted挚爱的；interested感兴趣的；frustrated沮丧的。根据
第一段第一句“Days earlier，Sarah Bellamy had received...was interested in discussing the
financial crisis of Penumbra.”可知，MacKenzie Scott对投资Penumbra很感兴趣。故选C。
3．A.doubt B．experience
C．scenery D．pattern
答案 B
解析 根据下文“However， Scott divorced，she had more than $12
billion of her fortune to help others.”可知，很多曾经受到过MacKenzie Scott捐款帮助的非营
利机构都是接到了一通神秘的电话，被告知他们可以得到资金支持，这是非常熟悉的经历。
故选B。
4．A.apart from B．thanks to
C．but for D．regardless of
答案 B
解析 apart from除了……还；thanks to多亏了，由于；but for要不是；regardless of不管。
根据下文“the woman”和文章提到的MacKenzie Scott将自己的财产捐给有需要的人可知，
此处表示多亏了MacKenzie Scott，一些非营利组织都收到了她的捐款。故选B。
5．A.pleased B．troubling
C．happy D．generous
答案 D
解析 根据下文“surprising philanthropists(慈善家)”可知，MacKenzie Scott是一位慷慨的慈
善家。故选D。
6．A.because B．if
C．as D．although
答案 C
解析 根据下文“Scott divorced，she had more than $12 billion of her fortune to helpothers”可知，此处指当MacKenzie Scott离婚的时候，她就已经捐出了120亿美元的个人财
产来帮助他人。故选C。
7．A.given away B．given off
C．given out D．given in
答案 A
解析 give away捐赠；give off散发(气味)，发出(光)；give out分发；give in屈服。根据
“revealing in late March that she’d given away $3.9 billion”可知，此处表示离婚时，
MacKenzie Scott已经捐出高达120亿美元的财产。故选A。
8．A.agreed B．donated
C．passed D．worked
答案 B
解析 根据“she’d given away $3.9 billion”可知，此处指MacKenzie Scott截止到三月已经
捐出39亿美元的巨款。故选B。
9．A.demand B．click
C．pressure D．application
答案 A
解析 根据下文“they help maintain her privacy”可知，MacKenzie Scott捐款的唯一要求是
受捐人替她保守自己的身份信息。故选A。
10．A.adapt to B．apply for
C．focus on D．fix on
答案 B
解析 adapt to适应；apply for申请；focus on集中于；fix on选定。根据前文“they help
maintain her privacy”和下文“she and her closest advisers almost never to requests
for interviews”可知，MacKenzie Scott非常注重自己的隐私，当然不会对来路不明的申请做
出回应。故选B。
11．A.devote B．write
C．respond D．link
答案 C
解析 根据上文提到Scott要求接受捐助的人帮她保守隐私以及无法直接联系她可知，
MacKenzie Scott非常低调，几乎从不回应人们的采访。故选C。
12．A.allowed B．permitted
C．asked D．wanted
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Scott’s only of her recipients is that they help maintain her
privacy.”可知，MacKenzie Scott会要求受捐人替她保守隐私，甚至要求他们对身边的工作人员的身份也要守口如瓶。故选C。
13．A.in B．on
C．under D．of
答案 D
解析 根据固定搭配inform sb of sth“告知某人某事”可知，该空格处指工作人员告知受捐
人有关捐款事宜。故选D。
14．A.holds B．comments
C．judges D．identifies
答案 A
解析 根据前文“the woman who has become one of the most and surprising
philanthropists(慈善家) in the world”可知，MacKenzie Scott因其巨额的财富和慷慨慈善的义
举，拥有巨大的能量和影响力。故选A。
15．A.preserve B．serve
C．handle D．share
答案 D
解析 根据上文可知，MacKenzie Scott慷慨捐出巨额善款，将自己的力量分享给那些需要
帮助的人。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In 2020 ， the Nobel Peace Prize 1. (award) to the World Food
Programme(WFP) for its efforts to fight hunger，for its contributions to improving conditions for
peace in conflict-affected areas，and for its efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war
and conflict.
The WFP,2. (found) in 1961，is the largest food-assistance branch of the United
Nations.In emergencies，it is often the first on the scene，delivering food assistance to the victims
of wars，civil conflicts，earthquakes，and crop 3. (fail) due to natural disasters.In
2019，the UN organization helped 97 million people in 88 countries 4. were victims
of serious food insecurity and hunger，the 5. (high) number since 2012.
In 2015，ending hunger was adopted 6. one of the UN’s Sustainable
Development Goals.Primarily，the WFP works to realize this goal.It works hard 7.________ (help)
people who cannot produce or obtain enough food for 8. (they) and their families.
The WFP plays 9. important role in fighting hunger for world peace.The Nobel
Committee wishes to emphasize that providing aid to increase food security not just 10.________
(effective) prevents hunger，but also helps to promote stability and peace.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了联合国最大的粮食援助机构——世界粮食计划署WFP。
1．答案 was awarded
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词award和主语the
Nobel Peace Prize之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据句意及时间状语 In 2020可知，用
一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was awarded。
2．答案 founded
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处作非谓语，动词 found“成立”和所修饰的词
The WFP之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填founded。
3．答案 failure(s)
解析 考查名词。根据前文可知，此处应用fail的名词形式failure，failure既可以作为不可
数名词表泛指，也可以作为可数名词，用其零冠词复数表泛指。故填failure(s)。
4．答案 who/that
解析 考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为
people，在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who/that。
5．答案 highest
解析 考查形容词最高级。根据状语since 2012给出的范围及空格前的定冠词the可知，此
处应用high的最高级，作定语修饰名词number。故填highest。
6．答案 as
解析 考查介词。be adopted as“被采纳为”是习惯用法，介词as意为“作为”，符合句意。
故填as。
7．答案 to help
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：它努力运作来帮助那些不能为自己和家人生产或获得足够食
物的人。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作状语，表目的。故填to help。
8．答案 themselves
解析 考查代词。分析句子可知，定语从句引导词who指代先行词people，在从句中作主语，
介词for后的目标对象就是主语自身，应用 they的反身代词themselves作介词宾语。故填
themselves。
9．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。play a(n)．..role in“在……中起……作用”是固定短语，role是可数名词，
此处为泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因连接的单词important发音以元音音素开头，故填
an。
10．答案 effectively
解析 考查副词。修饰动词prevents应用effective的副词形式。故填effectively。
