文档内容
主题对接教材
必修第二册 Unit 3 The Internet；选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Looking into the
人教版 future；
选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and scientists
必修第三册 Unit 3 The world of science；选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 A
外研版
glimpse of the future
必修第三册 Unit 3 The world online；选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 The mass
译林版 media；
Unit 4 Living with technology
必修第二册 Unit 4 Information technology；选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 The
北师大版
media
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．hacker n．电脑黑客
2．terrorist n．恐怖分子
3．webcam n．网络摄像头
4．cyberspace n．网络空间
5．chaos n．混乱，无秩序
6．click vt.& vi.& n．点击
7．immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
8．database n．数据库；资料库
9．plus conj.而且；此外 n．加号；优势 prep.加；外加
10．microblogging n．用微博分享、传播信息
11．troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子
12．deceased adj.已死的；亡故的
13．mode n．模式；方式；风格14．channel n．途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．app n．应用程序
2．convey vt.表达；传达
3．button n．按钮；纽扣
4．upload vt.上传
5．download vt.下载
6．file n．文件；文件夹；档案
7．privacy n．隐私；私密
8．guideline n．准则；指导原则
9．engine n．引擎；发动机；火车头
10．target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标
11．structure n．结构；体系 vt.系统安排；精心组织
12．virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的；很接近的；事实上的
13．clone vt.克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n．克隆动物(或植物)
14．cast n．演员阵容，全体演员 vt.投射(光或影)
15．alternative adj.可替代的；另外的 n．可供选择的事物
16．command v．命令；控制 n．指令；命令；掌握；控制
17．monitor vt.监视，跟踪调查；监听 n．显示屏；监测器；班长
18．comment n．议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt.表达意见
19．latest adj.最新的；最近的
20．engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系
21．view n．看法；观点；视野；风景 vt.把……看作；观看；察看
22．outline vt.概述 n．纲要；轮廓
23．hence adv.因此，由此，所以
24．surfing n．冲浪运动；(互联网上)冲浪，浏览
25．stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
26．stream v．流播(无须待文件下载到计算机便可播放互联网上的音视频)；流出；流动
n．小河；溪；流
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的；合理的→sensibly adv.明智地→sense n．意义；感官
vt.感觉到；察觉到
2．potential n．潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜在地
3．function n．功能；作用；机能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转→functional adj.功能的；能运转的
4．crime n．犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n．罪犯
5．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n．方便，便利→inconvenience n不便，麻
烦
6．cover vt.遮盖；覆盖；包括；涉及；处理；报道；足以支付 n．掩护；覆盖物；封面
→coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围
7．commercial adj.商业的；商务的→commerce n．商务；商业；贸易
8．predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言
9．absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的
10．combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→combination n．结合；联合
11．efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiency n．效率，效能；(机器的)功率
12．transform vt.使改变；使转变→transformation n．(彻底或重大的)改观，变化，转变
13．secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n．安全；
保护措施
14．creativity n．创造力；独创性→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的→create vt.创造
15．advertise vi.& vt.做广告；宣传→advertiser n．广告商；广告人员→advertisement n．广
告→advertising n．广告(业)
16．electrical adj.电的；用电的→electric adj.电的；电动的→electricity n．电；电能
17．automatic adj.自动的；无意识的；必然的→automatically adv.自然地；不假思索地，无
意识地；自动地
18．consult vt.查阅 vi.& vt.咨询；商议→consultation n．咨询；商议；查阅→consultant
n．顾问
19．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
20．regular adj.定期的；规则的→regularly adv.定期地；规则地→irregular adj.不规则的；
无规律的；不合乎常规的
21．press vt.按，压；敦促→pressure n．压力，挤压；紧张；气压→pressing adj.紧迫的，
迫切的
22．innovation n．创新；创造→innovative adj.革新的，新颖的；富有革新精神的→innovate
vi.& vt.革新，创新；引入
23．critical adj.批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→criticism n．批评，批判；评论，评
价→criticize v．批评，指责；挑剔；评论
24．blog n．博客；网络日志 vt.发表博客→blogger n．博客作者；博主
1．prospect n．可能性；前景2．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续
3．complicated adj.复杂的，难处理的
4．frontier n．边境，国界；前沿，新领域
5．fundamental adj.根本的；基本的；基础的
6．customize vt.定做，按客户具体要求制造
7．advancement n．前进；进步，进展；提升，晋升
8．contradict vt.相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥
9．immersive adj.(计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的
10．renewable adj.(合同、票等)可延期的；(能源和自然资源)可再生的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．in shape状况良好
2．a variety of各种各样的
3．let alone更不用说
4．go through经受；通过；完成
5．switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等)
6．take off (事业等)突然成功；(经济等)迅速发展
7．to a certain extent在一定程度上
8．keep in touch (with)(与……)保持联系
9．in this sense从这种意义上来讲
10．with the development of...随着……的发展
11．be glued to sth 全神贯注看着某物；紧贴某物
12．to name but a few略举几例
13．spring up迅速出现，突然兴起
14．keep sb company 陪伴某人
15．keep track of 掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
16．have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
17．engage (sb) in (使某人)从事；参与
18．make fun of sb取笑某人
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．the instant...一……就……
Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV
programmes.
你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)。
2．will be doing...将来进行时
I think there will be no traffic problems by the year 2050 because many of us will be working athome using computers.
我认为到2050年将不会有交通问题，因为我们许多人将在家里使用电脑工作。
3．the way作先行词的定语从句
This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical，compared with the
way most urban planning is done today.
从长远来说，与现在大多数城市规划的制定方式相比，这种城市规划更经济、更实用。
4．without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句
Without the Internet，these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.
如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1．chaos n．混乱，无秩序
2．channel n．途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠
3．click vt.& vi.& n．点击
4．microblogging n．用微博分享、传播信息
5．immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
6．database n．数据库；资料库
7．deceased adj.已死的；亡故的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．convey vt.表达；传达
2．engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系
3．cast n．演员阵容，全体演员 vt.投射(光或影)
4．alternative adj.可替代的；另外的 n．可供选择的事物
5．command v．命令；控制 n．指令；命令；掌握；控制
6．monitor vt.监视，跟踪调查；监听 n．显示屏；监测器；班长
7．download vt.下载
8．comment n．议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt.表达意见
9．target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标
10．view n．看法；观点；视野；风景 vt.把……看作；观看；察看
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．function n．功能；作用；机能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转→functional adj.功能的；能
运转的
2．predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言3．regular adj.定期的；规则的→regularly adv.定期地；规则地→irregular adj.不规则的；无
规律的；不合乎常规的
4．combine vt.& vi.(使)结合；混合→combination n．结合；联合
5．consult vt.查阅 vi.& vt.咨询；商议→consultation n．咨询；商议；查阅→consultant n．
顾问
6．efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiency n．效率，效能；(机器的)功率
7．electrical adj.电的；用电的→electric adj.电的；电动的→electricity n．电；电能
8．secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n．安全；
保护措施
9．creativity n．创造力；独创性→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的→create vt.创造
10．automatic adj.自动的；无意识的；必然的→automatically adv.自然地；不假思索地，无
意识地；自动地
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．prospect n．可能性；前景
2．frontier n．边境，国界；前沿，新领域
3．fundamental adj.根本的；基本的；基础的
4．advancement n．前进；进步，进展；提升，晋升
5．renewable adj. ( 合同、票等 ) 可延期的； ( 能源和自然资源 ) 可再生的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．in this sense 从这种意义上来讲
2．with the development of... 随着……的发展
3．have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
4．in shape 状况良好
5．go through 经受；通过；完成
6．keep track of 掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
7．to a certain extent 在一定程度上
8．keep sb company 陪伴某人
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．We should stimulate innovation and develop new products based on innovative technology
and creativity.(innovate)
2．Linda is a very influential blogger on the Internet and her blogs often catch public attention.
(blog)
3．Don’t press me any longer.These days，I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam
is putting great pressure on me.(press)4．He has the potential to create a companion robot which may potentially save your life if you
have a critical disease.(potential)
5．He has been absent from school for some days，so I think his absence will result in his bad
performance in the exam.(absent)
6．As a successful advertiser，he gave a lecture to teach people how to put an advertisement in a
newspaper to sell their products.(advertise)
7．I am sorry for the inconvenience caused by my mistake.Is it convenient for you to pick up
your parcel another time？Please reply to me at your earliest convenience.(convenient)
8．Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health，but it is also harmful
to your mental health.(harm)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．The numerous news apps and news media have sprung up，which has made it easier for
readers to access news reports released online.
2．I do hope we can keep in touch with each other and that our friendship will last forever.
3．Engaged in our work，we have no time to hike，let alone get aboard to enjoy masses of
landscapes in our country.
4．As soon as I switched on the TV，I heard the news that our volleyball team had won the
match.
5．With so many talented employees joining us，I am confident that our firm will soon take off.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
1．你一按绿色的按钮，一棵树就会在你的房间里出现。(the instant...)
The instant you press the green button，a tree will appear in your room.
2．没有计算机的发明，今天的许多先进技术都不会实现。(without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句)
Without the invention of the computer，much of today’s advanced technology would not have
been achieved.
3．从这种意义上说，互联网真的改变了我们与他人交流的方式。(the way作先行词的定语
从句)
In this sense，the Internet has really changed the way(that/in which) we communicate with others.
4．我想象不出她明天这个时候会在做什么。(将来进行时)
I can’t imagine what she will be doing this time tomorrow.
In this not-too-distant future，we will be living in smart homes，which will transform our
present 1.daily(day) routine.Initially ， the electrical appliances will be controlled
2.automatically(automatic) ． Hence ， we don’t necessarily switch them on and
off,3.making(make) our homes more energy-efficient.Of course，all controls will respond to voice4.commands(command)．Furthermore，smart homes will be monitoring our health.They will
constantly keep track of our state of health.5.The instant some health problems are detected，an
immediate warning 6.will be sent(send) to our cellphones，potentially saving our lives.Last but
not least，smart homes will prevent serious damage from accidents,7.which will likely be caused
by leaking water pipes or a short in the electrical wiring.8.In this sense，smart homes will enable
us 9.to live(live) smart lives.Besides，thanks to the 10.development(develop) of technology，big
data will become more relevant in solving crimes.As is predicted，technology will completely
change the way we live.
command v．命令；控制 n．指令；命令；掌握；控制
•command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do...命令……
•be at one’s command服从某人的支配
have a good command/knowledge of (＝master...)掌握……；精通……
(1)I’m at your command and hence，I will obey your orders.
(2)My teacher commanded me to hand(hand) in my essay instantly.
→My teacher commanded that I (should) hand(hand) in my essay instantly.
(3)我写信申请成为您的助教，因为我不仅精通英语，而且善于和其他人交流。(应用文写作
之申请信)
I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant，because not only do I have a good command
of English but also I am good at communicating with others.
harm n．& vt.伤害；损害(harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的 harmless adj.无害的；无
恶意的)
·do harm to sb/sth (＝do sb/sth harm)伤害某人
There is no harm in doing.../It does no harm to do...做……无害处。
·be harmful to对……有害
(1)我很高兴收到你的电子邮件，说你已经决定摆脱对电子游戏的上瘾，它对你有害。
I am delighted to receive your e-mail saying that you have determined to get rid of your addiction
to video games，which is harmful to/does harm to/harms you.
(2)你与朋友吃饭时注意餐桌礼仪没有坏处。(话题写作之礼仪文化)
There is no harm in paying attention to/It does no harm to pay attention to table manners while
you’re eating with friends.keep in touch (with) (与……)保持联系；了解某课题或领域的情况
stay in touch (with)(与……)保持联系
be in touch (with)(与……)有联系
be out of touch (with)(与……)失去联系
这三个短语表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
get in touch (with)(与……)取得联系
lose touch (with)(与……)失去联系
这两个短语表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
(1)互联网使交流更加便捷。无论你在哪里或在做什么，你都可以和朋友保持联系。
The Internet makes communication much more convenient.You can stay/keep in touch with friends
no matter where you are or what you are doing.
(2)如果您有任何问题，请尽快和我联系，以便我做出进一步的安排。
If you have any questions，please get in touch with me as soon as possible so that I can make
further arrangements.
in this sense 从这种意义上来讲
make sense有意义；讲得通
make sense of弄懂……的意思；理解
make no sense没道理；没意义
in a sense从某种意义上说
in no sense决不(位于句首时要用部分倒装结构)
There’s no/little sense (in) doing sth.做某事没道理/没意义。
(1)那个航天员说的话我听不懂。
①What the astronaut said couldn’t make sense to me.
②What the astronaut said made no sense to me.
③I couldn’t make sense of what the astronaut said.
(2)父亲说：“对所发生的事情感到后悔是毫无意义的。让我们再试一次。”(2021·新课标Ⅰ
读后续写)
“There is no sense (in) regretting what has happened.Let’s try again，” said the father.
(3)从某种意义上说，Youth是一个帮助我提高英语水平的好老师。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文
写作)
In a sense ， Youth is a good teacher that helps me to improve my English.
(4)即使我们面临着许多困难，我们都决不应该放弃我们的梦想。①We should in no sense give up our dreams even if we are faced with many difficulties.
②In no sense should we give up our dreams even if we are faced with many difficulties.(用倒装句
改写)
without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 Without the Internet，these people would have fewer
avenues to meet people.如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
•介词短语without...可表示虚拟条件，相当于if引导的从句。
主句用虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。如果与现在/将来事实相反，主句用would＋动
词原形；如果与过去事实相反，主句用would have done。
•常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的还有 but for(要不是……的话)，if only(要是……就好了)，
otherwise/or else(要不然)等。
(1)Without cyberspace，our world would be(be) less interesting.
(2)The workers were not better organized；otherwise they would have accomplished(accomplish)
the task in half the time.
(3)要是没有科学和技术的进步，我们的社会就不会进展得如此之快。
Without/But for scientific and technological progress，our society would not have advanced so
much.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．view
(1)Also，people aren’t willing to change their views about food and nutrition as there is so much
confusing information online.(2022·浙江6月) C
(2)There is no doubt that these mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor.
D
(3)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist
lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.(2023·新课标Ⅰ) E
(4)China’s National Highway 318 ， extending over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to
Zhangmu，Tibet，is known as the “heavenly road” for its amazing views.(2021·天津3月) A
(5)These days，safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good
view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower.(2021·全国乙)
B
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思
(1)The manager in your department will closely monitor your progress.vt.监视(2)Dickens’ cast of characters lived in London，the largest and richest city in the world.n.全体
演员
(3)I don’t want the public，especially the press to know about this matter at this stage.n.新闻界；
记者
(4)It’s obvious that the train passing by conveys both passengers and goods.vt.运送；运输
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The instant the ceremony was declared open，all the students in our school burst into cheers.
2．Please don’t call me between 8：00 and 10：00 tomorrow morning.I will be having(have)
my classes then.
3．I commanded him to switch(switch) off the air conditioner in the classroom.
4．Technological innovations，combined(combine) with good marketing，will promote the sales
of these products.
5．To make it easier to get in touch with us，you’d better keep this card at hand.
6．Without the flood，the ship would have reached(reach) its destination on time.
7．Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an
earthquake.
8．Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the
harmful(harm) effects of chemicals on humans.
9．At the conference，after managers of different departments commented on/upon the matter，
the boss finally made the decision.
10．Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable
climate for business creation.
11．You have no alternative but to overcome(overcome) the present difficulty.
12．The coverage(cover) proved to be out of line with the truth was deleted.
13．You can depend on the responsible consultant(consult) to help you out，because he is
reliable.
14．Working out either indoors or outdoors regularly(regular) will affect your fitness positively.
你校上周举办了以“智创科技，触碰未来”为主题的科技节活动。请为校英文报写一篇
报道，内容包括：
1.活动目的；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。
参考词汇：智创科技，触碰未来Innovation and technology，touching the future
完成句子
1．上周，学校成功举办了一年一度的科技节，旨在鼓励学生积极参与科技活动。(sci-techfestival；engage)
2．该节以“智创科技，触碰未来”为主题，吸引了大批学生参加机器人竞赛、科学展览等
丰富多彩的活动。(a variety of；robotics competition)
3．在场的人非常激动，他们充分利用这次机会咨询专家，试图更深入地了解技术如何改变
我们的生活方式。(so...that...的倒装结构；consult；the way作先行词的定语从句 )
4．总的来说，这个节日得到了校内外的热烈响应，一些学生甚至在博客中发表了有益的评
论。(comment；blog)
5．它为年轻人提供了一个平台，不仅可以展示他们的创造力，还可以探索他们如何通过科
学重塑未来。(creativity；by means of )
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
A Successful Sci-tech Festival
参考范文
A Successful Sci-tech Festival
The school’s yearly sci-tech festival was successfully held last week，aiming to encourage
students to actively engage in scientific and technological activities.
The festival，featuring “Innovation and technology，touching the future”，attracted lots
of students to participate in a variety of activities such as robotics competitions and science
exhibitions.So thrilled were those present that they made the most of this opportunity to consult the
experts，trying to gain a deeper insight on how technology changes the way we live.
Overall，the festival received an enthusiastic response from inside and outside the campus，
and some students even made helpful comments in the blog.It served as a platform for young minds
not only to show their creativity，but also to explore how they might reshape the future by means
of science.
语料积累 情感细节描写：伤心、难过
单词 broken-hearted adj.极度悲伤的 heartbroken adj.心碎的，极为伤心的gloomy adj.悲观的；沮丧的 desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望
grieve v．使伤心→grieved adj.悲痛的 sad adj.伤心的→sadness n．悲哀；悲伤；
悲痛
sorrow n．悲伤→sorrowful adj.伤心的 bitter adj.痛苦的
miserable adj.悲惨的；令人痛苦的
get a face like a wet weekend愁云惨淡 be in a bad mood/feel blue心情不好
shed tears of sorrow流下痛苦的眼泪 in the depth of sorrow/deep in sorrow极度悲伤
词块
reduce...to tears使伤心得流泪 burst into tears号啕大哭 floods of tears泪如决堤
be overcome with sadness悲伤不已 down in the mouth垂头丧气，嘴角下垂
1.He seemed quite broken-hearted，and even cried a little.他似乎悲痛欲绝，甚至还
流了些泪。
2．When we bade farewell，I had a lump in my throat.当我们说再见时，我哽咽起
来。
3．She wept bitter tears over her lost youth.她为自己逝去的青春痛苦地流泪。
4．Painful memories flood back.悲伤逆流成河。
句型 5．When we heard the bad news，tears streamed down our cheeks.当我们听到这个
坏消息时，泪水顺着我们的脸颊流下来。
6．Hearing the bad news，so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine.(倒
装结构)听到这个糟糕的消息，他绝望地借酒消愁。
7．The thought that we will never meet again burns a hole in my stomach.(无灵主语
句)一想到我们再也见不到了，我就心痛。
8．My heart sank into gloominess.我的心陷入忧郁。
语 料 运 用 As a new blogger ， never had she thought she would become a target for
cyberbullies.Thinking of these wild criticisms and sharp comments，①she fell into the depth of
despair.These days she ②was always in a bad mood，wondering why that should happen to
her.③Upset and heartbroken(形容词作状语)，she turned to her friend for comfort.④It was her
friend that/who was always keeping her company(强调句) when she was in trouble.When telling
her story，⑤she had a lump in her throat.She complained that she always ⑥kept good manners
in mind and never made fun of others.Why should they target her? She was totally at a loss and
⑦deep in sorrow now.
作为一名新博主，她从未想过自己会成为网络欺凌的目标。想到这些疯狂的批评和尖锐的评
论，她陷入了绝望的深渊。这些天她总是心情不好，想知道为什么会发生这种事。心烦意乱
之下，她向朋友寻求安慰。正是她的朋友在她遇到麻烦时总是陪伴她。当她讲她的故事时，
喉咙哽咽了。她抱怨说，她总是铭记要彬彬有礼，从不取笑别人。他们为什么要针对她？她现在完全不知所措，悲痛不已。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·浙江1月，C)
A machine can now not only beat you at chess，it can also outperform you in debate.Last
week，in a public debate in San Francisco，a software program called Project Debater beat its
human opponents，including Noa Ovadia，Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is，Project Debater has some weaknesses.It takes sentences from its library
of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together.This can lead to the kinds of errors
no human would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out，yet they also point to a
fundamental problem.As Kristian Hammond，professor of electrical engineering and computer
science at Northwestern University，put it：“There’s never a stage at which the system knows
what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning，and meaning is central to what
distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.A computer
works with symbols.Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into
another.But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed，to a computer，meaning is
irrelevant.Humans，in thinking，talking，reading and writing，also work with symbols.But for
humans，meaning is everything.When we communicate，we communicate meaning.What matters
is not just the outside of a string of symbols，but the inside too，not just how they are arranged
but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction，not of computation，interaction
that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside
our heads，but also outside，in society，in social memory，social conventions and social
relations.It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.And that’s why ， however
astonishing Project Debater may seem，the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will
not end with artificial intelligence.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是一款名为Project Debater的软件程序在辩论
赛中击败了人类对手。
1．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A．To explain the use of a software program.
B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater.D．To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，Project Debater在一场公开辩论赛中击败了包
括以色列的前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia在内的人类对手，由此推知，作者在第一段提到
Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Arguments. B．Doubts.
C．Errors. D．Differences.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段前三句可知，Project Debater的缺点会使它犯一些人类不会
犯的错误，再结合画线词前的Such可知，wrinkles指的就是前面提到的errors。故选C。
3．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A．Create rules.
B．Comprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently.
D．Identify difficult words.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中Hammond说的“There’s never a stage at which the system
knows what it’s talking about.”和倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the
question of meaning...”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义。故选
B。
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
B
(2022·全国乙，C)
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at
the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely
future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of
kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do preciselythe same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the
correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected，
the more railway safety，reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut
and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel
safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on
maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail
infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’
efforts.
By using the latest technologies，drones could also start providing higher-value services for
railways，detecting faults in the rail or switches，before they can cause any safety problems.To
perform these tasks，drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working
on a new concept: the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the
train，and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and
travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead，they
could signal any problem，so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
语篇解读 本文是说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的
同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元，无人机将改变铁路的未来。
5.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B．Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D．Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Drones are already being used...tracks and switching
points.”可知，无人机现在已经被用来检查高压电力线路，它们可以做同样的事情来检查铁
路线路以及铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。
6．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Personnel safety.
B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair.
D．Construction of infrastructure.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“It is calculated that European...to inspect and repair the
rail infrastructure.” 可 知 ， maintenance 指 的 是 后 文 中 的 “ inspect and repair the railinfrastructure”，故选C。
7．What function is expected of the rail drones?
A．To provide early warning.
B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews.
D．To accelerate transportation.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Engineers are now working on...they could signal any
problem，so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.”可知，铁路无人机有望提前
发出警报，使高速列车可以及时采取措施应对危险因素，避免事故发生。
8．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“Can a small group of...save billions of euros each
year？”和下文对无人机在铁路领域的应用的介绍以及对未来无人机的发展展望可知，文章
主要讲了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。故D项最适合作为本文的标题。
C
As winter arrives，the problem of fogged-up car windscreens becomes more pressing for
drivers.Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂) are one way to deal with such fogging.But they need frequent
reapplication.Another approach is to fix within the thing to be demisted a set of electrically
powered heating wires.But because of the visual distraction(分心) created，that doesn’t work for
a car’s front windscreen.
Iran Hachler and Dimos Poulikakos of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich
have，however，come up with another way of warming something up to stop fog forming.Their
new material is a coating ten nanometres(纳米) thick.It is flexible，easily made using existing
processes，and can be applied as a coating to glass or plastic，or inset inside such materials.Its
demisting properties are powered by sunlight.
In effect，it is a gold sandwich.The “bread” of this sandwich is a pair of layers(层)，top
and bottom，of a chemical material，each three nanometres thick.The filling is a four-nanometre
deep golden material.The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited ，while absorbing
invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass.Gold acts as a
medium in the heating process.The network will now absorb heat if left in the sunshine.The top and
bottom layers boost that absorption.Glass coated with Mr Hachler’s and Dr Poulikakos’s invention is，they claim，four times
more effective at preventing fog than an uncounted surface.It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation
incident upon it which，on a sunny day，increases the temperature of what it is applied to by
around 8℃.On a cloudy day，that temperature rise is closer to 3－4℃.But in either case the
enhancement is sufficient both to remove any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.
The next step，Mr Hachler says，is to find the product’s best market.Even though gold is
used，the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two inventors，though，the idea might
prove a gold mine.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。随着冬天的到来，汽车挡风玻璃被雾遮住的问题对司机来说
变得更加紧迫。文章介绍了一种新的解决方法。
9．What is the disadvantage of anti-misting sprays?
A．They have no lasting effect.
B．They damage the windscreens.
C．They turn the drivers’ attention away.
D．They are constantly powered by electricity.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂) are one way to deal with such
fogging.But they need frequent reapplication.”可知，防雾喷雾剂的缺点是它们没有持久的效
果。故选A。
10．What is the function of the center layer?
A．To save up heat.
B．To protect the gold.
C．To produce electricity.
D．To heat the windscreens.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited，while
absorbing invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass.Gold
acts as a medium in the heating process.”可知，中间层的作用是加热挡风玻璃。故选D。
11．What can be inferred about the invention from paragraph 4?
A．It is useless on cloudy days.
B．It is unable to work at night.
C．Coated glass absorbs the visible lights.
D．Uncoated glass lowers the temperature by 8℃.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation incident upon itwhich，on a sunny day，increases the temperature of what it is applied to by around 8℃.On a
cloudy day，that temperature rise...But in either case the enhancement is sufficient both to remove
any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.”可推知，该发明不能在晚上工作。故
选B。
12．What does the author think of the new invention?
A．It is very costly.
B．It hits the market well.
C．It is highly profitable.
D．It needs further improvement.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next step，Mr Hachler says，is to find the product’s
best market.Even though gold is used，the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two
inventors，though，the idea might prove a gold mine.”可知，作者认为这项新发明是高利润的。
故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
5G mobile technology has officially begun rolling out across the globe，which indicates a
dynamic acceleration(加速) in our world of connectivity.It promotes operational cooperation
tourism hasn’t experienced before. 1 This is perceived from both the way the industry
operates and the side of the traveler.
2 It’s expected to offer organizations a wireless network that transforms the way
people and machines use data.Unlike previous network generations,5G is now being seen as not
just a consumer platform，but a primary communications platform that can also provide cloud
connectivity and edge processing that can offer real-time business insights and automated
responses，and eventually integrate the billions of Internet of Things(物联网) devices and data
that are available.
As travel companies have transformed their operations with new digital systems，their focus
has moved from the technology itself to the improved business outcomes and enhanced guest and
passenger experiences driven by the technology. 3 With advanced connectivity speeds and
low latency(延时)，guests can share their personal data to receive custom recommendations from
travel companies in real time that should provide meaningful experiences. 4 For example，
guests can involve themselves in viewing rooms and hotel facilities，or preview local attractions as
they plan their trips.
To prepare to roll out this new technology，travel companies should ensure they have a
thorough understanding of their guests’ expectations on what makes a first-rank travel
experience. 5
A．It also transforms the travel experience.B．5G’s capabilities can support that change.
C．5G offers significant security guarantee definitely.
D．However，people haven’t got well prepared for the 5G era.
E．Virtual experiences give guests an early taste of the destination.
F．Then they should find ways to adapt their processes and services to meet them.
G．5G opens up a new way of accessing information and delivering business value.
1．答案 A
解析 根据上文“It promotes operational cooperation tourism hasn’t experienced before.”及
下文“This is perceived from both the way the industry operates and the side of the traveler.”可
以推知，空处应该是讲5G给游客带来的旅游体验的改变。A项句意与上下文连贯，且It
also与上文中的It相承接，符合题意，故选A。
2．答案 G
解析 根据下文“5G is now being seen as not just a consumer platform，but a primary
communications platform...and data that are available”可知，本段主旨是在讲5G在数据处理
方面带来的改变。G项(5G开辟了一种访问信息和交付业务价值的新方式)符合题意，故选
G。
3．答案 B
解析 根据上文“As travel companies have transformed their operations with new digital
systems，their focus has moved...”及下文“With advanced connectivity speeds and low
latency(延时)，guests can share...”可知，旅游公司的重心发生转移是由于5G技术的驱动，
即5G使之发生改变。B项(5G的能力可以支持这一改变)与上下文相呼应，符合题意，故选
B。
4．答案 E
解析 根据下文“For example，guests can involve themselves in viewing rooms and hotel
facilities，or preview local attractions as they plan their trips.”可知，空处应该是讲客人可以用
网络技术提前体验旅游设施。E 项“Virtual experiences give guests an early taste of the
destination.”引起下文，符合题意，且guests与下文中的guests相呼应。故选E。
5．答案 F
解析 根据上文“...travel companies should ensure...their guests’ expectations on what makes a
first-rank travel experience.”可以推知，下文应该是旅游公司在了解客人对旅游体验的期望
后所采取的措施。F项指出旅游公司应调整他们的服务以满足客人的期望，符合题意，故选
F。
