文档内容
组合练八
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·东北三省四市教研联合体一模)
For environmental reasons, the UK will ban all new petro－and diesel－powered
vehicles from its roads beginning in 19 years，a government report says.
The plan aims to start removing petrol and diesel engines in 2040.It follows a similar
official statement in France and comes after the British government was ordered by
the High Court to develop new plans to reduce NO in the air.Judges ruled that
2
previous clean－air plans were not enough to meet European Union pollution limits in
the coming years.
The British government has said the poor air quality has an unnecessary and
avoidable negative effect on citizens’ health, and costs up to $3.5 billion in annual lost
productivity.
Part of the new plan involves an offer of $260 million to local governments to change
rules where vehicle emissions (排放量) are over EU standards.Ideas so far include
changing road layouts, reprogramming traffic lights and charging a fee for the oldest
and most polluting cars on the road.
The plan also includes $1.3 billion for government purchase of extreme －low－
emission vehicles, nearly $130 million to improve infrastructure for electric vehicle
charging stations and $378 million for remodeling existing vehicles.
Climate change is also a reason for the plan to get these vehicles off the road.“ We
can’t carry on with petrol and diesel cars，” Environment Secretary Michael Gove
said.“It’s important that we all prepare for a significant change which deals not just
with the problems of health caused by emissions, but the broader problems caused in
terms of accelerating climate change.”Gove added that local communities are partly responsible for coming up with ways to
limit emissions, including possible limitations on commuters (上下班往返的人) and
the addition of cleaner mass transportation options.Local leaders are called on to draw
up “appropriate plans” to deal with climate challenges related to emissions, he said.
1. Why does the British government decide on this ban?
A．To focus on its citizens’ health.
B．To respond to the court’s request.
C．To promote solar energy in transport.
D．To follow in France’s footsteps.
2. Which measure may the British government take to achieve its plan?
A．Following in France’s footsteps.
B．Removing old and high－emission vehicles.
C．Spending some money on electric vehicles.
D．Changing the way roads are arranged.
3. What can be inferred from Gove’s words?
A．Convenient public transportation is badly needed.
B．United efforts are required to achieve the plan.
C．Vehicle emissions are the key factor in climate change.
D．Petrol and diesel cars may hold back economic progress.
4. What is the suitable title for this passage?
A．Practical ways to reduce vehicle emissions
B．The EU forces the UK to improve the poor air quality
C．The UK plans to take petrol and diesel engines off roads
D．Relationship between vehicle emissions and climate change
B
(2021·沈阳市质量监测一)
Confused by food nutrition labels? You’re not alone.Now, researchers have
suggested an alternative: labelling the amount and type of exercise needed to burn off
the calories.
Current food and drink labels display nutritional information such as the amount ofcalories and fat.However, researchers led by Prof.Amanda Daley at Loughborough
University say that these labels are having a limited effect on changing buying
habits.Instead, they propose a labelling system called “physical activity calorie
equivalent or expenditure” (PACE) (体育活动卡路里当量或消耗), which shows
how many minutes or miles of physical activity are needed to burn off the
calories.For example, a small bar of milk chocolate contains 230 calories, which
would take about 42 minutes of walking, or 22 minutes of running, to burn off.
They pooled the data from 14 previous studies which compared the impact of PACE
labelling with that of other types of food labelling, or with no food labelling at
all.They calculated that PACE labelling could cut a person’s daily calorie intake by up
to 200 calories.“Public health agencies may want to consider the possibility of
including policies to promote PACE food labelling as a strategy that contributes to the
prevention and treatment of obesity (肥胖 ) and related diseases，” said the
researchers.
The UK’s Royal Society for Public Health has already called for PACE labelling to
replace the current system.However, not everyone is convinced.A spokesperson for
the eating disorder charity Beat said, “We believe that anti－obesity campaigns that
focus on weight instead of health are ineffective and that recommending more
exercise is an ineffective and over－simplistic approach to a complex problem.Most
urgently, public health campaigns must consider people’s mental as well as their
physical health, moving from obesity－shaming to evidence－based campaigns
that build confidence and support healthy eating.”
5. What additional information can you get from PACE labels compared with the
current ones?
A．Exercise advice. B．Fat content.
C．Nutrition facts. D．Calorie content.
6. What does the underlined word “pooled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Collected. B．Distributed
C．Deleted. D．Proved.
7. What can we know from Beat’s comments?A．Obesity is a physical problem and can be solved by increasing exercise.
B．Obesity is related to eating habits and can be tackled by cutting calories.
C．Obesity is no simple problem but can be settled by focusing on weight.
D．Obesity is complicated and should be tackled physically and mentally.
8. What’s the best title for the text?
A．PACE: A new labelling option
B．Nutrition: A basic step towards health
C．Labelling: A smart advisor for shopping
D．Exercise: An effective treatment for obesity
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·贵阳市高三适应性考试一)
How to Quiet a Complainer
Talking to a complainer can stress you out, but with the right tools you can lighten the
mood for all.
__1__Some complainers will stop if you change the conversation in a direction that
interests them.If your neighbor is caring much about the phone company, tell her
about an unexpected call you received from an old friend.If your co －worker is
complaining about your boss, ask whether he met the new employee.__2__Therefore,
you can keep using it.
Summarize the complaint.If your complainer keeps repeating himself, he may stop
if you prove that you’re listening.Ask something like，“Can I tell you what I’ve
heard so far and you know that I’ve got it？” Using “I” statements (“I’ve
heard...”) rather than “you” statements shows that you’re interested rather than
trying to shut the person down.__3__
Challenge the person to act.When a complainer is always telling you about her latest
problem, ask nicely what she’s done to improve it.This isn’t the usual direction that a
complaining conversation takes.__4__
Be honest.When you have things to do, tell the complainer that he must cut the
conversation short.__5__You can simply be honest, even saying you need to move on
so the conversation doesn’t bring you down—especially if it’s someone who’scomplained to you many times before.
A．Change the subject.
B．Continue the subject.
C．You don’t need an excuse to stop it.
D．Therefore, you can keep complaining it.
E．Hard as it may be, avoid saying the word “you”．
F．However, this direction may help to shortly end a complaint.
G．This method is especially effective on those who are mindlessly expressing.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021·重庆七校联考)
People’s lives are strongly affected by the sun.If you live in the Italian countryside,
you 1.____________ (probable) like to spend a lot of time 2.____________ (play) out
of the house.You feel the effects of the sun even in a big city, like Shanghai with its
forests of tall buildings.Even during the night, you are sure the sun will come back by
morning.But what if you live in a place 3.____________ Longyearbyen, Norway? It
is the world’s most 4.____________ (north) town.More than two thousand people live
there and they have 5.____________ different view of the sun.In fact, for about four
months of the year, the sun never sets.And for another four months, it never
6.____________ (rise)．
In Norwegian, “Longyearbyen” means “The Longyear Town”．It was named after a
person 7.____________ last name happened 8.____________ (be) Longyear.But the
people in the town must all have a really difficult time during the long year.It is very
cold and dark, especially during the 9.____________ (sun) part! I couldn’t make
10.____________ for more than one day in a place like that!
