文档内容
组合练十
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·广州市综合测试一)
The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antonie van
Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education.In the late 1600s,
Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses(放大镜) he used to examine cloth,
built some of the first microscopes.He developed a technique to improve the quality of
tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times.After
removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens,
Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”．
His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the
first descriptions of microbes(微生物)．Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe
invisible to the human eye.He found different microbes in samples of pond water,
rainwater, and human blood.He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed
plant tissue，examined muscle，and investigated the life cycle of insects.
Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microbes helped French
chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”．This concept
suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the
body.Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including
anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox ，tetanus, and typhoid.All these breakthroughs
were the result of Leeuwenhoek’s original work.Leeuwenhoek did not foresee
this__legacy．
In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way：“My work, which
I’ve done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but
chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in
most other men.And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I thought it
was my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific communitymight be informed.”
1．Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?
A．A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology.
B．A curious amateur who made pioneering studies of microbes.
C．A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease.
D．A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery.
2．The underlined phrase“this legacy” in Paragraph 3 refers to________．
A．the discovery of microbes
B．Pasteur’s theory of disease
C．Leeuwenhoek’s contribution
D．the origin of the tiny organism
3. What does the quote from Leeuwenhoek’s letter suggest?
A．He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.
B．He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.
C．He was greatly concerned with improving people’s living conditions.
D．He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress.
4. What is the correct order for the following events?
a．Magnifying lenses were built.
b．The “theory of disease” was put forward.
c．Microbes were discovered in samples of water.
d．Leeuwenhoek’s first microscopes were successfully developed.
e．Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.
A．a－d－c－e－b. B．d－a－c－e－b.
C．a－c－d－b－e. D．d－a－e－b－c.
B
(2021·南京市、盐城市高三二模)
On a break from his studies in the MIT Media Lab, Anirudh Sharma traveled home to
Mumbai, India.While he was there, he noticed that throughout the day his T－shirts
were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt.“I realized this was air
pollution, or sooty (像煤一样) particulate matter (PM), made of black particlesreleased from exhausts (排气管) of vehicles，”Sharma says.“This is a major health
issue.” Soot consists of tiny black particles, about 2.5 micrometers or smaller, made of
carbon produced by incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
Back at MIT, Sharma set out to help solve this air－pollution issue.After years of
research and development, Sharma’s start－up Graviky Labs has developed technology
that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators ( 柴 油 发 电 机 ) to collect
particulate matter.Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink, called Air－Ink, for artists
around the world.So far, the start － up has collected 1.6 billion micrograms of
particulate matter.More than 200 gallons of Air － Ink have been harvested for a
growing community of more than 1，000 artists, from Bangalore to Boston, Hong
Kong, and London.
Posted all over Graviky Labs’s social media platform page today are photos of art
made from the Air－Ink and paints, including street wall paintings, body art and
clothing prints.At first, there was still no specific application for the ink.Then the start
－up decided to find new ways to further spread its mission.It chose to do so through
art.“Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paints come from.Air
pollution knows no borders.Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the
resources in our world that’s the hardest to collect and use.But it can be done，”
Sharma says.
5．What struck Sharma most during his break in India?
A．Dirt on his T－shirts.
B．A health issue in the local area.
C．The coal industry in Mumbai.
D．Incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
6．According to the text，Air－Ink is________．
A．a cleaner of outdoor air
B．a product made of PM
C．a newly founded company
D．a printing technology
7．What can we infer about Air－Ink from the text?A．It improves artistic effect.
B．It makes pollution acceptable.
C．It helps Sharma make a profit.
D．It raises environmental awareness.
8. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Art knows no borders
B．Waste has no price
C．Less pollution, more art
D．Creative thinking, effective painting
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·贵阳市四校高三年级联考三)
Electronic media such as email, instant messaging, video games, and television, has
influenced almost every aspect of our daily lives.__1__While some media exposure
can be useful and informative (增进知识的), too much screen time takes away from
other activities.
Screen time becomes a particularly important issue when discussing children’s use of
media.Experts now recommend children’s screen time should be limited to no more
than two hours per day, including television and non school related computer
usage.__2__
Unfortunately, it appears that this recommendation is not followed in most
families.One recent study found that children between the ages of 8 and 18 spend
nearly 45 hours per week watching television, playing video games, and surfing the
Internet.__3__Besides, much of the electronic media that makes up children’s screen
time is filled with inappropriate content.
__4__First, never allow televisions and computers in your child’s bedroom.Avoid
using television, video games, and computer time as a reward for good
behavior.Provide plenty of other recreational activities for your child to enjoy and set a
good example for your child with regard to your own media usage.
It’s important to serve as a model of healthy electronics use for your
children.__5__Keeping the TV on for background noise all the time and scrolling(滚屏) through your phone any time will teach your child bad habits.
A．Most children know more about electronics than adults do.
B．Kids easily grow dependent on technology for entertainment.
C．Parents should think of ways to manage their children’s screen time.
D．This is more time than they spend doing homework, or reading for pleasure.
E．However, the effect of being all the time in front of a screen is not entirely positive.
F．So before you watch your favorite TV series, remember to set a good example.
G．Children under the age of two are generally encouraged to have no screen time at
all.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021·河北省九校高三第二次联考)
Wang Hongmei, a master in the Forbidden City, specializes in restoring damaged
paintings.“I found conservation of paintings extremely 1.____________ (challenge)
in the beginning when I often had to stand for hours all day long due to the nature of
the work ，” Wang 2.____________ (recall) ． “ Commitment and time
3.____________ (gradual) calmed down my heart.”
It takes a seasoned restorer like Wang a whole year 4.____________ (restore) just three
to four paintings.Sometimes the work could take even 5.____________ (long)．A
painting over 170 square meters in size, 6.____________ was created for Emperor
Qianlong for his retirement, was worn.Wang and her colleagues spent five years
restoring the painting to its previous brilliance.
“These treasures are not simply individual items, 7.____________ legacies (遗产) of
the craft and spirit passed on by the artists，collectors and restorers of the past，”Qu
Feng, one of Wang’s 8.____________ (workmate), said.“Strengthened conservation
efforts symbolize increasing national power and 9.____________ (proud)．If we can
protect our cultural heritage to the best of our abilities, our nation will come to believe
10.____________ itself more firmly.”
Due to the efforts by the masters in the Forbidden City, the public now can have a
further understanding of cultural heritage.
