文档内容
考点 13 阅读理解
推理判断之推断文章来源（体裁）（核心考点精讲精
练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
考点
推理判断之文章出处
题型
2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
阅读理解
[2023·全国乙卷]D 35.Which of the following books is the text most 文章出处
likely selected from?
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ 28.Where is the text most probably taken from? 文章出处
卷]C
2022 2022·新高考I卷 阅读A21. Where is this text probably taken 文章出处
from?
2022·全国高考乙卷 阅读B27. What is the text? 文章出处
2021 2021·英语全国甲卷 A篇23．Where can the text be found? 文章出处
2022 年 1 月普通高 26．What is the text? 文章出处
等学校招生全国统
一考试（浙江卷）
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中推断文章来源考查了6次。主要考查：
根据阅读文章整体和内容来推断文章体裁或文章出处。推断文章来源的方法：1.要求考生广泛阅读，了解各种文体
的特点，清楚各种文体的常用格式，这样才能对号入座；2.通读文章内容，了解文章的体裁，清楚文章内容的方向。
【备考策略】系统归类推断文章来源的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
通过阅读理解中的推断文章来源，考查考生的基本文体常识，培养考生广泛阅读。因此，推断文章来源将在
2024年高考中成为高考阅读理解的题型。
【2024年高考命题预测】
推理判断之文章出处是高考中的必考点。推断文章的来源是高考命题常考的试题，推断文章来源需要了解文
章的体裁和题材，根据文章的内容和体裁我们就可以推断文章可能的出处。做这类题时，我们一定要事先了解一些文章体裁的一些知识，并广泛阅读一些常用的文章。预测在2024高考中，文章出处会继续在高考阅读理解中呈
现。
【推理判断之文章出处考点指南】
规律方法：
常见的设问方式：
1. Where is this text probably taken from?
2. What is the text?
3．Where can the text be found?
4. Where is this text most likely from?
5. From which is the text probably taken?
如何解决文章来源题?
做此类题目要求读者具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身已具备的常识结合起来。做此类题目
应从文章的内容和结构来判断其出处。如果来源于报纸，前面一般会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称；如果是广告，
其格式很容易辨认；产品说明和药品说明也很容易辨认。
1.[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
C
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three
hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long
before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of
shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between
different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for
relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume,
deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record
moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the
subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.
More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for
artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From
a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-
reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed,
perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information
we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
( )28.Where is the text most probably taken from?
A.An introduction to a book.
B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum.
D.A review of modern paintings.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一本关于书本的书,该书通过来自世界各地博物馆的艺术作品展现了读书
场景在历史中的呈现和超越文化和时间的人性共同点。
28.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the
book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”(《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺
术》是对一种日常物品——书籍的颂扬,在这本书中,书籍被来自世界各地博物馆的近三百件艺术品展示。)及下文内
容可知,本文主要是对于《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书的介绍。由此可推知,本文可能取自对一本书的介绍。
故选A项。
2.[2023·全国乙卷]
D
If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do
it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has
not. Writing is one of humanitys later achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的) societies
recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in
many cases we simply cant. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first
conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cooks voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have
scientific reports and the captains record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield(盾)
dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that
day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately
twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things
to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom
appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history
told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies
such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half
of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts,but the objects.
( )35.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?
A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World.
B.A Short History of Australia.
C.A History of the World in 100 Objects.
D.How Art Works Tell Stories.
【文章大意】 本文出自一本书的节选,探讨了历史记录中文本与物品之间的关系,指出仅凭文本无法全面记录历史,
文章提到了物品记录历史的重要性,它在提供双方信息平衡方面具有重要意义。
35.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this
book are able to do just that…”和最后一段中“The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of
Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully
through the objects they made…”可知,本书包括了很多能够反映历史的物品。由此可推知,本文最有可能出自《100件
文物中的世界史》这本书。故选C项。
3.B【2022·全国高考乙卷】
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith
College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were
held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected
Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s
granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had
undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow
on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse
to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the
girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling
through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some
beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped
behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small
animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
7. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
【答案】7. B
【解析】本文是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。
7. B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以
Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and
the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们
的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以
文本是一篇书评。故选B项。
4.C【2019·全国I】
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测
量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still
expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem:
a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers
apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing
and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's
identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether
someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard
and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the
smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed,
with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and ismostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
31. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【答案】 31. D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。目前，数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。
本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，这项技术通过记录用户的打字习惯来识别主人，为网络空间用户保护隐
私。
31. D 推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，由此可知，本文是科
技说明文，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本科研杂志上。故选D。
1.【2023届福建省泉州市普通高三5月份适应性练习】
Having studied John Berger’s Ways of Seeing, you will write a four-page image analysis essay and interpret what you
“see” when you study the visual text. Your focus is not simply to describe the visual text you’re analyzing, but to explain to
the readers the argument you believe is proposed by the visual text.
Context:
Some visual texts can motivate, persuade and/or influence. Advertisements, political cartoons, art or campaign posters
that are concerned with social or political issues are examples of this category of visual text. We are surrounded everyday by
visual arguments or attempts at persuasion.
Instructions:
◆ Select a visual text that you believe presents an argument to its viewers.
◆ Briefly study the visual text you’ve selected and underline the central argument its designers are trying to make.
◆ Analyze the design elements used and the organization of the text in order to determine some of the decisions the
designer or artist has made.
◆ Use the process of “observation/inference/evaluation” to check your essay and determine the tools the designer or
artist is using to persuade you.
Schedule & Due Date:
(All work is due at the beginning of class on the dates listed below; late work will be downgraded.)
March 1st: Select three visual texts for assignment consideration.
March 20th: Berger-typed drafts due/peer-editing workshop.
March 22nd: a four-page essay, free write with image & arts show due; Class presentation (25% of your grade).
1．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course assignment. D．An academic article.
2．What is the essay expected to center on?
A．Description of the visual text B．Explanation of the visual argument.
C．Introduction of the design elements. D．Evaluation of the design tools.
3．What will happen if you submit the essay after March 22nd?
A．You will get a lower score. B．You will receive a zero.
C．You will be given a test. D．You will have to rewrite it.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，是学习了John Berger的Ways of Seeing之后需要完成的四页的图像分析文章的要
求。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Having studied John Berger’s Ways of Seeing, you will write a four-page image
analysis essay and interpret what you “see” when you study the visual text. Your focus is not simply to describe the visual
text you’re analyzing, but to explain to the readers the argument you believe is proposed by the visual text.(在学习了John
Berger的Ways of Seeing之后，你将写一篇四页的图像分析文章，并解释当你研究视觉文本时你“看到”了什么。
你的重点不是简单地描述你正在分析的视觉文本，而是向读者解释你认为视觉文本提出的论点。)”和Schedule &
Due Date:部分的“All work is due at the beginning of class on the dates listed below; late work will be downgraded.(所有
作业必须在下列日期上课前交；迟交的作业将被降级。)”可知，这是一篇作业要求，来自于课程作业，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Your focus is not simply to describe the visual text you’re analyzing, but to explain to
the readers the argument you believe is proposed by the visual text.(你的重点不是简单地描述你正在分析的视觉文本，
而是向读者解释你认为视觉文本提出的论点。)”可知，文章应该以对视觉论点的解释为中心，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Schedule & Due Date:部分的“All work is due at the beginning of class on the dates listed below;
late work will be downgraded.(所有作业必须在下列日期上课前交；迟交的作业将被降级。)”和“March 22nd: a four-
page essay, free write with image & arts show due; Class presentation (25% of your grade).(3月22日：一篇四页的
论文，自由写作，并有图像和艺术展示；课堂报告（占成绩的25%）。)”可知，如果你在3月22日之后提交论文，
你会得到较低的分数，故选A。
2.【2023届福建省龙岩第一中学高考第三次校模拟】
Intro
Our Online Chinese Summer Camp program is a wonderful, immersive online Chinese learning experience specifically
designed for learning Chinese remotely.
Suitable Age
Kids aged 10 to 16
Camp Content
Interactive Chinese lessons, cultural activities and virtual trips
Schedule
Monday to Friday
The class time is scheduled according to different time zones.
Camp Levels
Online Chinese Camp is divided into 2 levels — Non-Native Chinese Camp for beginner to intermediate levels and
Chinese Camp for intermediate to advanced levels.
Non-Native Chinese Campfor Kids from non-native
Chinese Campfor Kids from native Chinese families
Chinese families
REQUIREMENTS
• No Chinese language experience needed• No Chinese • Chinese language experience in a native Chinese-speaking
language exposure in everyday life family
CONTENT
√ Fun and interactive online lessons and activities to √ Fun and interactive online lessons to improve 4 language skills
raise the interest in learning Chinese√ Introduction to — Listening, Speaking, Reading & Writing√ IntermediateChinese characters with stories and pictures conversations in Chinese through various cultural and language
√ Develop practical communicating skills activities
√ Basic conversations in Chinese √ More advanced lessons to increase Chinese vocabulary
√ Project-based cultural activities to increase √ Project-based cultural activities to deepen the understanding of
understanding of Chinese culture Chinese culture
Ready to Sign Up?Contact us (www.Chinesesummercamp.com) and we will be happy to answer your questions and
help you choose the right camp. Don't forget to ask us about early bird price!
1．What is the text?
A．A course review. B．A commercial ad.
C．An academic article. D．An activity schedule.
2．What can kids do in Chinese Camp?
A．Improve integrated Chinese sills. B．Make up basic Chinese dialogues.
C．Learn characters through fun stories. D．Prepare for advanced vocabulary tests.
3．What can we learn about the program?
A．It involves skills for camping trips. B．It offers a discount if you book earlier.
C．It has a fixed timetable regardless of time zones. D．It includes off-line interactive activities in China.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则汉语夏令营的广告，介绍了针对人群、要求和活动。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Our Online Chinese Summer Camp program is a wonderful, immersive online Chinese
learning experience specifically designed for learning Chinese remotely.(我们的在线汉语夏令营项目是一个精彩的、沉
浸式的在线汉语学习体验，专为远程学习汉语而设计)”以及最后一段“Contact us (www.Chinesesummercamp.com)
and we will be happy to answer your questions and help you choose the right camp. Don't forget to ask us about early bird
price!(联系我们(www.Chinesesummercamp.com)，我们将很乐意回答您的问题，并帮助您选择合适的营地。别忘了
问我们早鸟价格！)”结合文章是一则汉语夏令营的广告，介绍了针对人群、要求和活动。可推知，文章是一则商业
广告。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一部分“√ Fun and interactive online lessons to improve 4 language skills — Listening,
Speaking, Reading & Writing(√趣味互动在线课程，提高听、说、读、写4种语言技能)”可知，孩子们在中文营
可以提高综合汉语水平。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Don't forget to ask us about early bird price!(别忘了问我们早鸟价格！)”可推知，如
果你提前预订，项目会有折扣。故选B。
3.【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
The huge structures of ancient Rome have survived for thousands of years—a testament to the abilities and wisdom of
Roman engineers, who perfected the use of concrete. But how did their construction materials help keep grand buildings
like the Pantheon(万神殿) (which has the world’s largest unreinforced dome)and the Colosseum(斗兽场)standing for more
than 2,000 years?
Roman concrete, in many cases, has proven to be longer-lasting than modern concrete, which can worsen within
decades. Now, scientists behind a new study say they have uncovered the mystery ingredient that allowed the Romans to
make their construction material so durable and build splendid structures in challenging places such as docks, sewers and
earthquake zones.The study team, including researchers from the United States, Italy and Switzerland, analyzed 2,000-year-old concrete
samples that were taken from a city wall at the archaeological site of Privernum, in central Italy, and are similar in
composition to other concrete found throughout the Roman Empire.
They found that white chunks(块)in the concrete, referred to as lime clasts(石灰碎屑),gave the concrete the ability to
heal cracks that formed over time. The white chunks previously had been overlooked as evidence of careless mixing or
poor-quality raw material.
The new finding could help make manufacturing today’s concrete more sustainable, potentially shaking up society as
the Romans once did.“Conerete allowed the Romans to have an architectural revolution,”Masic said,“Romans were able to
create and turn the cities into something that is extraordinary and beautiful to live in. And that revolution basically changed
completely the way humans live.”
8．Why does the author mention the Pantheon and the Colosseum?
A．To express respect to Romans.
B．To introduce the topic of the text.
C．To show the wisdom of Roman engineers.
D．To prove the uniqueness of Roman architecture.
9．What make Roman architecture stand for more than 2,000 years according to the finding?
A．Complicated mixing skills.
B．Splendid architectural structures.
C．Challenging locations of the buildings.
D．White chunks in ancient Roman concrete.
10．What does Masic think of the new finding?
A．Important. B．Valueless. C．Unexpected. D．Doubtful.
11．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text?
A．Education. B．Travel. C．Science. D．Lifestyle.
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家揭开古罗马建筑千年不衰的秘密。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The huge structures of ancient Rome have survived for thousands of years—a
testament to the abilities and wisdom of Roman engineers, who perfected the use of concrete. But how did their
construction materials help keep grand buildings like the Pantheon(万神殿) (which has the world’s largest unreinforced
dome)and the Colosseum(斗兽场)standing for more than 2,000 years?(古罗马的巨大建筑保存了数千年——这是罗马工
程师的能力和智慧的证明，他们完善了混凝土的使用。但是，他们的建筑材料是如何帮助像万神殿(拥有世界上最
大的无加固圆顶)和罗马斗兽场这样的宏伟建筑屹立2000多年的呢？)”可知，作者在第一段列举这两座建筑物是为
了引出本文要探讨的话题：为什么古罗马建筑能千年不衰？故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They found that white chunks(块)in the concrete, referred to as lime clasts(石灰碎
屑),gave the concrete the ability to heal cracks that formed over time. The white chunks previously had been overlooked as
evidence of careless mixing or poor-quality raw material.( 他们发现混凝土中的白色块状物，被称为石灰碎屑，使混凝
土能够愈合随着时间的推移而形成的裂缝。这些白色的块状物质之前一直被忽视，被认为是混合不当或原料质量
低劣的证据。)”可知，根据这项发现，古罗马混凝土中的白色块状物使罗马建筑屹立了2000多年。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The new finding could help make manufacturing today’s concrete more sustainable,
potentially shaking up society(这项新发现可能有助于使今天的混凝土制造业更具可持续性，可能会改变社会)”可知，Masic认为新的发现非常重要。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据文章主要内容“文章讲述了科学家揭开古罗马建筑千年不衰的秘密。”以及关键词“The
study team”和“The new finding”等可以推测出文章出自报纸的科学板块。故选C。
4.【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期5月压轴卷】
Ten percent of the world’s species live in the Amazon Rainforest, including some of the most interesting and unique
creatures on Earth. Not only that, but some Amazon native species directly benefit humans. If you like chocolate, and
coffee, you’ve benefited from Amazonian plants. Even more importantly, the Amazon Rainforest keeps our air clean and
breathable.
Cognizant of its great impact on the planet, activists are working to stop deforestation. A new algorithm (算法) that
predicts which areas are at most risk of habitat destruction gives Amazon defenders a hand in their fight against
deforestation.
The Trans-Amazonian highway is a road that stretches across the Amazon Rainforest. Branching off of this official
highway are around two million miles of unofficial roads, many built illegally by loggers, miners, and residents of
unauthorized settlements. Nearly half of the rainforest has one of these roads, which Carlos Souza Jr, a researcher
monitoring the Amazon, calls “lines of destruction”, within six miles. Imazon, a Brazilian research institution published a
study showing that 95 percent of deforestation occurred within three miles of the “lines of destruction”. Additionally, 90
percent of forest fires were next to illegal Amazonian roads. That makes finding these roads key to preventing deforestation
and damage. However, in a two and half million square rainforest, that’s easier said than done. Previously activists manually
(人工地) examined over satellite images to spot these roads. They also recorded the result of deforestation. But now,
technology may help activists become more proactive (主动出击的).
Imazon researchers fed the manual data into an artificial intelligence algorithm to train it to find the unauthorized
roads. The program predicts where there may be roads, with about 70 percent accuracy. Its outputs are then confirmed by
researchers using satellite images.
The PrevisIA map and statistics can help governments channel deforestation prevention efforts to threatened areas. The
hope is that by identifying the areas in advance, politicians and activists can take proactive steps against the illegal roads,
and prevent deforestation before it happens.
32．What does the underlined phrase “Cognizant of” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Causing. B．Realizing. C．Recalling. D．Multiplying.
33．What can we know from the third paragraph?
A．Many illegal loggers will be punished. B．There exist many risks near the highway.
C．Forest fires did little damage to the rainforest.D．Fund is the key to constructing this highway.
34．How did Imazon researchers identify the unauthorized roads?
A．Through locals. B．Through the map. C．Through field trips. D．Through technology.
35．In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A．Culture. B．Travel. C．Education. D．Environment.
【答案】32．B 33．B 34．D 35．D
【文章大意】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了科学技术有助于保护亚马逊的森林。
32．词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词组后面的“activists are working to stop deforestation. A new algorithm (算法)
that predicts which areas are at most risk of habitat destruction gives Amazon defenders a hand in their fight against
deforestation.”（激进人士正在努力阻止森林砍伐。一种新的算法可以预测哪些地区的栖息地被破坏的风险最大，
这让亚马逊的捍卫者们在与森林砍伐的斗争中获得了帮助。）可知，在新的算法的帮助下，亚马逊的捍卫者即激进人士们，正在努力阻止森林砍伐。可以推断，这里说明亚马逊的捍卫者他们已经意识到它对地球的巨大影响。
由此可知，该划线词组与realize(意识到)的意思相近。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Branching off of this official highway are around two million miles of unofficial
roads, many built illegally by loggers, miners, and residents of unauthorized settlements.”（这条官方公路的分支是大约
200万英里的非官方道路，其中许多是由伐木工、矿工和非法定居点的居民非法修建的。）和“Additionally, 90
percent of forest fires were next to illegal Amazonian roads.”（此外，90%的森林火灾发生在亚马逊地区的非法道路附
近。）可知，那里的高速公路附近有很多风险。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Imazon researchers fed the manual data into an artificial intelligence algorithm to
train it to find the unauthorized roads.”（Imazon的研究人员将人工数据输入人工智能算法，训练它找到未经授权的道
路。）可知，研究者是通过技术手段来确认那些未经批准的道路。故选D。
35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了科学技术有助于保护亚马逊的森林。这与环境有关，由此可知，本
文可能在报纸的环境专栏找到。故选D。
5.【2023届湖南省衡阳市高中毕业班联考（三）】
An Warm-hearted Landlord
Ming Tinggui, 41, a landlord in Xi’an, Shaanxi province, has become famous online because of his acts of kindness
during the city’s COVID-19 lockdown.
Xi’an imposed a citywide lockdown on Dec 23 in an effort to prevent a resurgence (复发) of COVID-19. Ming had 81
tenants (租户) in Yanta district at that time, about 80 percent of whom were students who had moved to Xi’an to attend
training classes, begin internships or take China’s postgraduate entrance exam, scheduled from Dec 25 to 27. Most of the
students only brought simple belongings that could fit inside a suitcase, with no room for pots or pans to cook with. Under
lockdown, they were not allowed to go out, making mealtime a major headache. Having seen his young tenants living on
instant noodles and snacks, Ming decided to cook meals for them. He bought as many vegetables as possible in the
community and told his tenants via WeChat that he could provide dinner for them each day. His idea was warmly
welcomed. The tenants placed their orders in the WeChat group every day, and Ming prepared their meals accordingly.
His wife and 65-year-old mother also joined him to wash vegetables and dishes. Although there were food supply
problems at the beginning of the lockdown, Ming still managed to buy some meat for his hungry young tenants.
Ming received as many as 45 orders a day. Some of the tenants wanted to pay him for the dinner but were refused.
Ming said he cooked the meals not for money but to help those in need. With the tenants-safety in mind, Ming divided the
orders into small groups so that they could fetch their dinner one by one while keeping two meters from each other.
Greatly moved, the tenants reported his good deeds to the local media, shooting him to stardom overnight. Hearing of
his generosity, many people offered to give Ming money to help feed his young tenants, but Ming politely refused.
Ming has decided to continue to prepare meals for his tenants until the lockdown is over, or at least until takeout food
is available.
4．Why did Ming Tinggui cook for his tenants?
A．They are too young to cook by themselves.
B．They are busy preparing for their exam.
C．They have no room to cook during the lockdown.
D．They have limited budget for food.
5．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Ming Tinggui bought and cooked for his tenants according to their orders.
B．Ming Tinggui only charged small amounts of money for the food.C．Some neighbors posted his good deeds on the internet.
D．Many others gave a helping hand to feed the young tenants.
6．Which of the following words can best describe Ming Tinggui?
A．Optimistic and kind B．generous and warm-hearted
C．Brave and caring D．Moved and sympathetic
7．Where is the passage taken from?
A．A government document B．A tourist brochure
C．An advertisement D．A newspaper
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在疫情封锁期间为81名租户免费做饭的西安好房东——明庭贵。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段第三四五句“Most of the students only brought simple belongings that could fit inside a
suitcase, with no room for pots or pans to cook with. Under lockdown, they were not allowed to go out, making mealtime a
major headache. Having seen his young tenants living on instant noodles and snacks, Ming decided to cook meals for
them.”（大多数学生只带了能装进行李箱的简单物品，没有地方放锅碗瓢盆做饭。在封锁期间，他们不允许外出，
这使得吃饭时间成为一件令人头疼的事。看到他的年轻房客靠方便面和零食生活，明庭贵决定为他们做饭）可知，
在疫情封锁期间，房客没有地方做饭，所以明庭贵决定为他们做饭。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The tenants placed their orders in the WeChat group every day, and Ming
prepared their meals accordingly.”（房客们每天都在微信群里下单，明庭贵就会为他们准备相应的饭菜）可知，明庭
贵是按照房客的要求为他们买菜做饭的。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Some of the tenants wanted to pay him for the dinner but were refused. Ming said
he cooked the meals not for money but to help those in need.”（一些房客想支付饭钱，但被拒绝了。他说他做这些饭不
是为了钱，而是为了帮助那些需要帮助的人）可知，他慷慨热心，不求回报。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Greatly moved, the tenants reported his good deeds to the local media,
shooting him to stardom overnight.”（房客们深受感动，向当地媒体报道了他的善行，让他一夜成名）可知，该篇文
章来自报纸报道。故选D项。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023届河北省高三适应性考试】
What are the best gardens in Ireland to visit? The answer is: everywhere.
Brigit’s Garden
The garden sits on 11 magical acres of natural woodlands and wildflower areas. The garden areas take you on a walk
through ancient Celtic seasons. This is an educational area and it provides tours and walking groups with lessons for the
local schools. There is a super cafe on site. When you have finished exploring, you can enjoy a snack or a cup of coffee.
Caheer Bridge Garden
An award-winning garden in County Clare, this garden is created around an old restore cottage on the river. It has been
featured in several publications including the Irish Times and is open for viewing by appointment only.
It is also an area known for its challenging weather systems, constant westerly winds, and lack of naturally growingplants and trees.
Helen Dillon’s Garden
Starting her career as a junior assistant to other famous gardeners working at a gardening magazine and cultivating her
own grounds for over 40 years, Helen has authored several books on gardening and has been quoted as claiming that
gardening is a constant editing process and that what you take out can be as important as what you put in. The Dillon’s
garden reflects Helen’s constantly changing style and is open to the public to view and tour.
Bellfield Garden
Covering almost one complete hectare and featuring a victorian glass house, Bellfield Garden has become a popular
visitors spot.
It has been listed as one of the best 10 gardens in Ireland and has an impressive water feature. As a popular vacation
destination, the grounds contain cottages that are fashioned from the old farmhouses where visitors may stay.
1．In which garden can you experience education?
A．Bellfield Garden. B．Brigit’s Garden.
C．Helen Dillon’s Garden. D．Caheer Bridge Garden.
2．What is Bellfield Garden famous for?
A．Snacks. B．Books. C．Water. D．Weather.
3．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A story book. B．A magazine.
C．A science book. D．A Tour Guide.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了爱尔兰的几个花园。
1．细节理解题。根据Brigit’s Garden中的“This is an educational area and it provides tours and walking groups with
lessons for the local schools. (这是一个教育区，它为当地学校提供旅游和步行团体的课程。)”可知，在Brigit’s
Garden可以在体验教育，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Bellfield Garden中的“It has been listed as one of the best 10 gardens in Ireland and has an
impressive water feature. (它被列为爱尔兰最好的10个花园之一，拥有令人印象深刻的水景。)”可知，Bellfield
Garden以水景闻名，故选C。
3．推理判断题。 根据第一段“What are the best gardens in Ireland to visit? The answer is: everywhere. (爱尔兰可游览
的最好花园是什么？答案是：无处不在。)”可知，文章介绍了几个在爱尔兰可以游览的花园，所以推测本文最可能
摘自旅游指南，故选D。
2.【2023届湖北省武汉市武昌区高三5月质量检测】
Overview
This amazing property sits on 5 acres, just 15 minutes from Redding. Has a full basketball court and an amazing
swimming pool with a waterslide. Sleeps 12 people with 2 Kings,2 Queens, and 2 bunk bed sets. This is a shared property;
the house is a completely separate home. Home has two separate cooking areas and living spaces, perfect for separating
groups if needed. Hot bathtub is optional as well upon request. Everything is new and feels like you’re at a scenic spot.
Please note: As this is a shared property, we screen all requests to find families/groups for the best fit for our family and a
great fit for our guests, as well. We want everyone who stays here to enjoy themselves to the fullest. Pool is not and cannot
be heated. Swimming is only during summer and early fall. We are required by Shasta County to charge a 10% rental tax.
Price
$440/NightWhat This Rental Offers
Air Conditioning Refrigerator Microwave Stove
Towels Provided TV Washer Wi-Fi
Reviews
Amazing facilities!
We had 11 people staying in the house, we spent most of our time in the pool. They have a baseball field,
tennis/basketball court, football/soccer field. Hanging beds around a fireplace. Truly spectacular place to stay.
Family Favorite!
Nice place! The house was clean, comfortable and well supplied. Very nice landscaping with lots of activities. We had
fun playing tennis at the tennis court. Thanks for letting us stay at your property. We enjoyed our stay.
1．What can people do in the property?
A．Swim in winter. B．Wander at a scenic spot.
C．Cook in the living room. D．Play baseball in the court.
2．How much will it cost if a family check in on Friday and check out the next Monday?
A．$1936. B．$1760. C．$1452. D．$1320.
3．Where can we probably read this passage?
A．A trip website. B．A guide book. C．A housing contract. D．A travel brochure.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家旅馆的相关信息，包括其价格，所提供的的东西以及人们对
该旅馆的评论。
1．细节理解题。根据Amazing facilities!下面的“They have a baseball field, tennis/basketball court, football/soccer
field. (他们有一个棒球场，网球场/篮球场，足球场/足球场。)”可知，人们在这个房产里可以在球场上打棒球。故
选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Price部分中的“$440/Night(每晚440美元)”和第一段中最后一句话“We are required by
Shasta County to charge a 10% rental tax.(沙斯塔县要求我们缴交10%的租金税。)”可知，如果一个家庭星期五入住，
下星期一退房，总共住三晚，需要花费440*3+440*3*10%=1452，故选C。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是Reviews(评论)部分可知，文章主要介绍了一家旅馆的相关信息，包括其价格，
所提供的的东西以及人们对该旅馆的评论。由此可推知，文章可能选自一个旅游网站。故选A。
3.【2023届辽宁省丹东市高三总复习质量测试（二）】
Extreme heat often brings extreme wildfires, and this year is no exception, with unprecedented heat waves fueling
enormous outbreaks of fires in the western United States and Canada, as well as across the Mediterranean and in Siberia.
But paradoxically, the most intense wildfires can have the opposite effect on temperatures, cooling Earth’s surface both
regionally and globally.
Thick wildfire smoke can temporarily block sunlight near the ground, causing regional temperatures to drop by several
degrees. Wildfire smoke can also have global cooling effects by making clouds in the lower atmosphere more reflective or
blocking sunlight in the upper atmosphere, similar to what a volcanic eruption does.
The effect is far too small to counteract human-caused global warming; researchers say it’s too early to predict what it
means for the broader climate system. But with fire seasons growing more intense around the world and triggering a range
of extreme fire weather in North America and elsewhere, the search for answers is growing increasingly urgent.
Smoke particles act as seeds for water vapor to form clouds that are smaller and reflect more sunlight. While smoke
tends to rain out of clouds fairly quickly, the Australian bushfires raged for months, pumping more and more cloud-brightening smoke into the atmosphere. “It’s not a big effect, but when you integrate over the entire Southern Ocean, it adds
up,” one of the researchers says.
While this research highlights the cooling effects of smoke in the lower atmosphere, on occasion, wildfire smoke can
reach even higher altitudes into the stratosphere, the layer that starts about 10 miles up. There, it can have additional effects
on the climate. Smoke reaches the stratosphere when heat from a powerful wildfire creates an updraft that combines with
moisture in the atmosphere to generate towering thunderclouds.
However, scientists have only recently begun studying these effects. “We might still be in the infancy of understanding
how large and how important the effects of these wildfires are,” scientists say.
12．What probably causes extreme wildfires to cool the earth globally?
A．Extreme wildfires can result in volcanic eruption.
B．Wildfire smoke covers sunlight above the ground forever.
C．The smoke blocks less sunlight in the higher atmosphere.
D．The clouds in the lower atmosphere reflect more sunlight.
13．What does the underlined word “raged” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Spread. B．Stopped. C．Released. D．Strengthened.
14．What can we infer from the text?
A．Scientists need further studies of the effects of wildfires.
B．Extreme wildfires are the consequence of global warming.
C．Wildfire smoke means a lot to the climate system of the earth.
D．Smoke at higher altitudes has the most impact on cooling earth.
15．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A science fiction. B．A research report.
C．A geography textbook. D．A science magazine.
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．A 15．D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了野火所产生的烟雾可以通过使低层大气中的云层更具反射性或阻挡高层
大气中的阳光来产生全球冷却效应，虽然这项研究强调了低层大气中烟雾的冷却作用，但有时，野火烟雾可以到
达更高的高度进入平流层。在那里，它会对气候产生额外的影响。然而，科学家们对野火的影响还处于初级阶段，
研究还需要进一步深入。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Wildfire smoke can also have global cooling effects by making clouds in the lower
atmosphere more reflective or blocking sunlight in the upper atmosphere, similar to what a volcanic eruption does. (野火烟
雾还可以通过使低层大气中的云层更具反射性或阻挡高层大气中的阳光来产生全球冷却效应，类似于火山喷发的
作用。)”可知，野火烟雾形成低层大气中的云层，从而反射更多的阳光，从而使全球地球降温。故选D。
13．词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“While smoke tends to rain out of clouds fairly quickly, the Australian bushfires
raged for months, pumping more and more cloud-brightening smoke into the atmosphere. (虽然烟雾往往很快就会从云层
中飘出，但澳大利亚的森林大火 了几个月，向大气中排放了越来越多的烟雾。)”可知，越来越多的烟雾进入到大
气层，说明森林大火烧了很长时间。再结合常识，火势是蔓延着前行。故可推知，划线词应为“蔓延”词义。故
选A。
14．推理判断题。根据末段末句“However, scientists have only recently begun studying these effects. “We might still be
in the infancy of understanding how large and how important the effects of these wildfires are,” scientists say. (然而，科学
家们直到最近才开始研究这些影响。科学家们说：“我们可能还处于了解这些野火的影响有多大和多重要的初级阶段。”)”可知，科学家们对野火的影响还处于初级阶段，研究还需要进一步深入。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据末段首句“However, scientists have only recently begun studying these effects. (然而，科学家
们直到最近才开始研究这些影响。)”以及全篇分析可知，本文可能摘自科学杂志。故选D。
4.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（三）】
A cancer treatment no longer means what it used to be. Just a few decades ago, the survival rate beyond five years was
less than 50%. Now, nearly 70% of those who get cancer survive that long, and that rate is set to rise. Why? Because, more
than ever, chemotherapy (化疗) and radiation, once the only ways of cancer treatment, are being paired with or replaced by
varieties of new drugs and treatments.
For example, the first medication for what was previously considered an “undruggable” lung cancer was recently
approved in the United States, Canada, Europe and the U.K. And a brand-new precise chemotherapy drug delivered directly
to breast cancer cells is giving hope to patients with the HER 2-positive form of the disease.
Another discovery has been the promise of a treatment called immunotherapy, as researchers around the world have
discovered ways to use the body’s own immune (免疫) system to battle cancer cells.
Also driving hope is a focus on prevention. Decades of research and public education have led to greater awareness of
how lifestyle changes can reduce our risk of developing cancer. According to an article from the journal Pharmaceutical
Research and published by the National Institutes of Health, 90% to 95% of cancers can be owed to environment and
lifestyle, rather than to genetic (基因的) factors.
Employing vaccines (疫苗) is another effective way of prevention. Take the mRNA cancer vaccines for example. The
speedy development of COVID-19 vaccines was thanks to foundations already laid by researchers who had been working
for years to create mRNA vaccines to fight cancer. These vaccines use a specially programmed molecule (分子) to activate
an immune response in the body’s cells. Unlike the COVID-19 vaccines designed to help protect billions of people, each
cancer mRNA vaccine is tailored to treat a single patient’s cancer.
In fact, this personalized approach can be made for everyone, and for every cancer.
12．Why is the survival rate beyond five years rising now?
A．Because new drugs and treatments have come out.
B．Because chemotherapy and radiation get advanced.
C．Because new drugs have been paired with old ones.
D．Because new treatments have replaced the old ones.
13．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?
A．All the cancers are not related to genetic factors.
B．Most cancers have no relationship with lifestyle.
C．A focus on prevention is our only hope to deal with cancer.
D．All cancers have relationship with environment and lifestyle.
14．What can we infer about cancer mRNA vaccine according to the text?
A．The COVID-19 vaccines can be used to fight some cancers.
B．One cancer mRNA vaccine can’t be used for another cancer.
C．One cancer mRNA vaccine can be used to treat patients of the same cancer.
D．The COVID-19 vaccines were created from previous cancer mRNA vaccines.
15．What is the text?
A．A diary entry. B．A news report.C．A book review. D．A science fiction.
【答案】12．A 13．A 14．B 15．B
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，因为化疗和放疗与各种新药和治疗相结合、对癌症预防的关注和
使用疫苗，癌症治疗存活率不断提高。
12．细节理解题。由第一段中的“Now, nearly 70% of those who get cancer survive that long, and that rate is set to rise.
Why? Because, more than ever, chemotherapy (化疗) and radiation, once the only ways of cancer treatment, are being
paired with or replaced by varieties of new drugs and treatments. (现在，近70%的癌症患者能活那么长时间，而且这个
比率还会上升。为什么？因为，化疗和放疗，曾经是癌症唯一的治疗方法，现在比以往任何时候都要与各种新药
和治疗相结合或被其取代)”可知，五年后的癌症存活率现在在上升是因为新的药物和治疗方法已经问世。故选A
项。
13．细节理解题。由第四段中的“According to an article from the journal Pharmaceutical Research and published by
the National Institutes of Health, 90% to 95% of cancers can be owed to environment and lifestyle, rather than to genetic
(基因的) factors. (根据美国国立卫生研究院发表的《药物研究》杂志的一篇文章，90%至95%的癌症可能与环境和
生活方式有关，而不是遗传因素)”可知，并非所有的癌症都与遗传因素有关。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。由第五段中的“Unlike the COVID-19 vaccines designed to help protect billions of people, each
cancer mRNA vaccine is tailored to treat a single patient’s cancer. (与旨在帮助保护数十亿人的新冠肺炎疫苗不同，每
种癌症mRNA疫苗都是为治疗单个患者的癌症而设计的)”可知，每种癌症mRNA疫苗是为每个患者量身定制的疫
苗，可得出一种癌症mRNA疫苗不能用于另一种癌症。故选B项。
15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了，因为化疗和放疗与各种新药和治疗相结合、对癌症预防的关注和
使用疫苗，癌症治疗存活率不断提高，属于科普知识类文章，可能在新闻报道上出现。故选B项。
5.【2023届山东省济宁市三模】
Thousands of years have passed since humans discovered silk, but scientists are still finding new uses for this
remarkable material. Now researchers say it could help tackle a growing environmental and health concern: Micro-plastics.
Micro-plastics that are now found worldwide are increasingly recognized as a serious pollution threat, and have been
found in the bloodstream of animals and people. Some of these micro plastics are intentionally added to a variety of
products to generally protect some specific active components from being degraded by exposure to air. For example,
vitamins are often delivered in the form of micro capsules packed into a pill or capsule,and herbicides(除草剂)are similarly
enveloped. But the materials used today for such micro-encapsulation are plastics that stay in the environment for a long
time. To date, there has been no practical, economical alternative available that would biodegrade naturally.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and chemical company BASF developed a silk-based
biodegradable alternative to these capsules.
Silk is recognized as safe for food or medical use, as it degrades naturally in the body. The silk protein used in the new
alternative material is widely available and inexpensive and the silk fibers can simply be dissolved(溶解), lead researcher
Benedetto Marelli says. Besides, the processing is so simple and tun-able that the resulting material can be adapted to work
on existing manufacturing equipment.
Replacing non-biodegradable micro-capsules with silk might not work in every case,but given the current and future
challenges related to food insecurity, agricultural production, and a changing climate, the silk-based material is of great
importance. Products using silk-based micro-capsules are expected to be commercially available in a few years. And the
researchers will next try encapsulating active components that could require a different manufacturing approach, such as
those that must remain in liquid or gas forms.
12．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?A．Removing plastic pollution is a piece of cake.
B．Micro-plastics can degrade quickly and naturally.
C．Micro-plastics have become a severe pollution threat.
D．Developing an alternative for micro-plastics is urgent.
13．What’s the major concern of researchers choosing silk as an alternative?
A．It is economical. B．It is biodegradable.
C．It is widely available. D．It is skin-friendly.
14．What’s the last paragraph mainly about concerning the silk-based material?
A．Its promising future. B．Its marketing method.
C．Its existing limitations. D．Its making approach.
15．In which part of a magazine can the passage probably be found?
A．Climate. B．Agriculture.
C．Technology Advances. D．Health Guidelines.
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。人类发现丝绸已经过去了几千年了，但是科学家们仍然在寻找这种非凡材料的新
用途。现在，研究人员说，它可以帮助解决日益增长的环境和健康问题：微塑料。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院
和巴斯夫化学公司的研究人员开发了一种丝质生物降解胶囊替代品。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Micro-plastics that are now found worldwide are increasingly recognized as a serious
pollution threat, and have been found in the bloodstream of animals and people. Some of these micro plastics are
intentionally added to a variety of products to generally protect some specific active components from being degraded by
exposure to air.... To date, there has been no practical, economical alternative available that would biodegrade naturally.(现
在在世界各地发现的微型塑料越来越被认为是一种严重的污染威胁，并且已经在动物和人的血液中发现。其中一
些微型塑料被有意添加到各种产品中，以通常保护一些特定的活性成分不因暴露于空气中而降解……到目前为止，
还没有实际的、经济的、可以自然降解的替代品。)”可推知，开发微塑料的替代品迫在眉睫。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The silk protein used in the new alternative material is widely available and
inexpensive and the silk fibers can simply be dissolved(溶解), lead researcher Benedetto Marelli says.(首席研究员
Benedetto Marelli说，在这种新替代材料中使用的丝蛋白质可以广泛获得，而且价格低廉，丝纤维可以简单地溶
解。)”可知，研究人员选择丝绸作为可替代品的主要关注点是，它是可生物降解的。故选B。
14．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Replacing non-biodegradable micro-capsules with silk might not work in every
case, but given the current and future challenges related to food insecurity, agricultural production, and a changing climate,
the silk-based material is of great importance.(用丝绸代替不可生物降解的微胶囊可能不是在每种情况下都有效，但是
考虑到当前和未来与粮食不安全、农业生产和气候变化有关的挑战，丝质材料是非常重要的。)”可知，最后一段主
要介绍了丝绸材料的光明前途，故选A。
15．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and chemical
company BASF developed a silk-based biodegradable alternative to these capsules.(麻省理工学院和巴斯夫化学公司的研
究人员开发了一种丝质生物降解胶囊替代品。)”可推知，文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院和巴斯夫化学公司的研究人
员开发了一种丝质生物降解胶囊替代品。这是一种新的技术，由此可推知，这篇文章可能在杂志的技术前沿部分
找到，故选C。
6.【2023届山东省潍坊市四县高三下学期5月高考模拟】
Four best volunteer programs in Australia
When it comes to the tops of the top, the following programs are among the best volunteer programs in Australia.Pacific Discovery
This 4-week program will offer you wonderful chances to combine volunteerism with surfing, hiking and exploring
Australia’s cities. Volunteers also have the chance to combine their volunteer experience with connected programs in New
Zealand and Fiji for a two-month summer experience.
Where? Blue Mountains, Brisbane, Cairns, Crescent Head, Fraser Island, Noosa, Queensland
When? 4 weeks, summer
Causes? Adventure Travel
Connect-123
Connect-123 offers volunteer activities to students, graduates, and professionals. There are over 50 fields and causes
that you can choose from in your program, and you will receive full organizational support from the time of the planning
process through to the post-travel experience and return home.
Where? Sydney
When?2-4 weeks, year-round
Causes? Social Work
IVHQ
IVHQ in Australia includes programs for couples and families. The programs are varied and known for being
affordable and safe with full-service program support. What’s more, the marine conservation (海洋保护) efforts include
work on the Great Barrier Reef, affording volunteers a valuable chance to work on an endangered ecosystem.
Where? Cairns, Great Barrier Reef
When? 2-3 weeks, summer; 2-4 weeks, winter
Causes? Marine Conservation
Oceans 2 Earth Volunteers
This program is focused on wildlife protection and care in Australia. Volunteers can enjoy a wide choice of activities
such as collecting leaves for koala bears, cleaning beaches, and using GPS to track wildlife.
Where? Brisbane, Cairns, Geelong, Great Barrier Reef
When?1-2 weeks, 2-4 weeks, year-round
Causes? Environment, Marine Conservation
1．Which program will volunteers choose if they want to experience foreign programs?
A．Pacific Discovery. B．Connect-123.
C．IVHQ. D．Oceans 2 Earth Volunteers.
2．What does IVHQ focus on?
A．Reasonable price. B．Personal security.
C．Marine conservation. D．Family relationship.
3．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A course plan. B．A college poster.
C．A travel brochure. D．A project handbook.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚最好的志愿者项目。
1．细节理解题。根据Pacific Discovery部分中“Volunteers also have the chance to combine their volunteer experience
with connected programs in New Zealand and Fiji for a two-month summer experience. (志愿者也有机会将他们的志愿者
经验与纽西兰和斐济的相关计划结合起来，进行为期两个月的暑期体验)”可知，如果志愿者想体验国外项目，他们会选择Pacific Discovery。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据IVHQ部分中“ What’s more, the marine conservation (海洋保护) efforts include work on the
Great Barrier Reef, affording volunteers a valuable chance to work on an endangered ecosystem. (更重要的是，海洋保护
工作包括在大堡礁的工作，为志愿者提供了一个在濒危生态系统上工作的宝贵机会)”可知，IVHQ专注于海洋环境
保护。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“When it comes to the tops of the top, the following programs are among the
best volunteer programs in Australia. (说到顶尖，以下项目是澳大利亚最好的志愿者项目之一)”可知，本文介绍澳大
利亚最好的志愿者项目，所以它很可能出自一份项目手册。故选D项。
7.【2023届山西省金科大联考高三四月模拟检测】
We are Dr. David and Shannon Biegel, founders of the popular vacation website EnjoyYourParks.com(established
2008). We’d like to briefly introduce the following parks to you.
Glacier (冰川) National Park is unquestionably one of the most beautiful places on this planet. It is home to
hundreds of glacier-carved peaks, over 600 lakes, hundreds of rivers waterfalls and streams, and over 730 miles of
maintained hiking trails. Glacier National Park is known as “The Crown of the Continent” and the “American Alps” for a
good reason—this place is so beautiful that words cannot begin to describe it.
Yellowstone National Park is one of the most amazing places on the planet and is indeed one of America’s most
famous symbols. Created in 1872, Yellowstone National Park is the world’s first national park. It is even older than
Tongariro National Park. And Yellowstone Park was created 4 years before Custer’s Last Stand at the Battle of the Little
Bighorn! This magical wonderland is one of America’s most valued treasures.
Grand Teton National Park is home-to-one of the most famous mountain ranges on Earth. The Teton Range is not
only a mountain climber’s paradise (天堂), but it is also so beautiful that you’ll find that you’ve walked right into a
beautiful post card! Grand Teton National Park is breathtaking, and it’s all yours to explore and discover. We absolutely love
Grand Teton National Park and we’re really excited to share everything we know about it with you!
Our passion for National Parks shines through in everything we do. Let our passion for these parks, as well as our
knowledge, help you plan the trip of a lifetime. You have one chance to plan your vacation right. We will show you exactly
where to go, what to do, where to see animals and where to stay. Call us at 406-404-0222 and let’s start planning your trip
today!
21．What do we know about the national parks in the text?
A．Glacier National Park is the most beautiful park.
B．Grand Teton National Park is printed on post cards.
C．Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park.
D．Tongariro National Park is near Yellowstone National Park.
22．Which national park is favored by mountain climbers?
A．Glacier National Park B．Grand Teton National Park
C．Tongariro National Park D．Yellowstone National Park
23．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A book review B．A travel advertisement
C．A news report D．A course plan
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．B
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。著名度假网站EnjoyYourParks.com的创始人大卫博士和香农·比格尔为我们介绍
了几个著名的国家公园。21．细节理解题。根据Yellowstone National Park中的“Created in 1872, Yellowstone National Park is the world’s first
national park. It is even older than Tongariro National Park. (黄石国家公园创建于1872年，是世界上第一个国家公园。
它甚至比汤加里罗国家公园还要古老。)”可知黄石国家公园是最古老的国家公园。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Grand Teton National Park中的“The Teton Range is not only a mountain climber’s paradise
(天堂), but it is also so beautiful that you’ll find that you’ve walked right into a beautiful post card! (提顿山脉不仅是登山
者的天堂，而且它是如此美丽，你会发现你正走进一张美丽的明信片!)”可知Grand Teton National Park最受登山者
的喜爱，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“We are Dr. David and Shannon Biegel, founders of the popular vacation website
EnjoyYourParks.com(established 2008). We’d like to briefly introduce the following parks to you. (我们是著名度假网站
EnjoyYourParks.com(成立于2008年)的创始人大卫博士和香农·比格尔。我们想给大家简单介绍一下以下几个公
园。) ”可知是和旅游相关的，所以这片文章可能来自旅游广告，故选B。
8.【2023届浙江省精诚联盟三模】
A study offers even more evidence of the harmful health effects of sugar. The research, published in the journal BMC
Medicine, found that diets higher in free sugars –a category that includes sugar added to processed foods and sodas, as well
as that found in fruit juice and syrups—raise one’s risk of heart disease and stroke.
The study relied on data about the eating habits of more than 110,000 people aged 37 to 73 in the United Kingdom,
whose health outcomes were then tracked over about nine years. An author of the study, Cody Watling said sugars that occur
naturally in whole fruits and vegetables are not considered “free sugars” and were excluded from the analysis. The
researchers estimated participants’ carbohydrate(碳水化合物) intakes and then further broke that down by type of
carbohydrate to focus on free sugars.
Then the authors compared that to the participants’ possibility of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. The people who
were found to have the highest risk of heart disease or stroke consumed about 95 grams of free sugar per day, which
accounts for 18% of their daily energy intake, Watling said.
“Avoiding sugar-sweetened beverages is probably the single most important thing we can do,” said Walter Willett. He
added that although there are some health benefits to drinking a small glass of orange juice occasionally, its sugar content
means “a glass of fruit juice is the same thing as Coke.”
Cody Watling said the study demonstrates that the types of carbohydrates people choose to eat may matter more than
the total amount. “What’s really important for overall general health and well-being is that we’re consuming carbohydrates
that are rich in whole grains,” he said, while “minimizing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.”
32．What can we learn from the text?
A．Free sugar refers to the sugar added to processed foods.
B．Walting didn’t research sugars that occur naturally in whole fruits and vegetables.
C．The free sugar accounts for 18%of people’s daily sugar intake.
D．Walting suggested us avoiding sugar-sweetened beverages.
33．What does the underlined phrase “break down” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Classify. B．Destroy. C．Analyze. D．Confirm.
34．Which section of a magazine is this text taken from?
A．Health and life. B．Food and Culture.
C．Science and Technology. D．Medicine Science.
35．What’s the purpose of the text?A．To encourage people to refuse fruit juice.
B．To ask people to say no to free sugar.
C．To advise people to consume more types of carbohydrates.
D．To warn people against diets with higher free sugars.
【答案】32．B 33．A 34．A 35．D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍发表在《BMC医学》一项研究提供了更多的证据证明糖对健康有
害。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“An author of the study, Cody Watling said sugars that occur naturally in whole fruits and
vegetables are not considered “free sugars” and were excluded from the analysis. (该研究的作者之一Cody Watling说，
天然存在于整个水果和蔬菜中的糖不被认为是“游离糖”，因此被排除在分析之外。)”可知，Walting没有研究天
然存在于整个水果和蔬菜中的糖。故选B。
33．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“The researchers estimated participants’ carbohydrate(碳水化合物) intakes (研究
人员估计了参与者的碳水化合物摄入量)”和后半句“to focus on free sugars.(重点关注游离糖。)”可知，研究人员进
一步按碳水化合物类型进行分类。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段“A study offers even more evidence of the harmful health effects of sugar. The research,
published in the journal BMC Medicine, found that diets higher in free sugars –a category that includes sugar added to
processed foods and sodas, as well as that found in fruit juice and syrups—raise one’s risk of heart disease and stroke. (一项
研究提供了更多的证据证明糖对健康有害。发表在《BMC医学》杂志上的这项研究发现，游离糖含量较高的饮食
——包括添加到加工食品和苏打水中的糖，以及果汁和糖浆中的糖——会增加患心脏病和中风的风险。)”及全文可
知，文章主要介绍了饮食中的糖给健康所带来的风险，所以推断文章可能摘自杂志的健康与生命部分。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段“A study offers even more evidence of the harmful health effects of sugar. The research,
published in the journal BMC Medicine, found that diets higher in free sugars –a category that includes sugar added to
processed foods and sodas, as well as that found in fruit juice and syrups—raise one’s risk of heart disease and stroke. (一项
研究提供了更多的证据证明糖对健康有害。发表在《BMC医学》杂志上的这项研究发现，游离糖含量较高的饮食
——包括添加到加工食品和苏打水中的糖，以及果汁和糖浆中的糖——会增加患心脏病和中风的风险。)”及全文可
知，作者警示读者：游离糖含量高的饮食增加心脏病和中中风的危险，所以文章的目的是警告人们不要吃游离糖
含量高的食物。故选D。
9.【2023届浙江省精诚联盟三模】
With summer behind us and the fall and winter holidays just around the corner, now it seems as good a time as any to
start planning the next family vacation. Instead of a beach break or ski getaway, a family cruise offers a convenient and
cost-effective alternative winter vacation.
Explore Asian Metropolises with Regent Seven Seas
Regent Seven Seas, all-inclusive ships take visitors to world-class destinations. This winter, visitors will discover top
destinations across Asia, from Hong Kong to Beijing, aboard the Regent Seven Seas Voyager. Departing on Dec.17, this 12-
day cruise offers plenty of outdoor activities. Kids will enjoy the waterfalls of Miyazaki, Japan, and the legendary street
food scene in Hong Kong.
Tour Australia with Princess Cruises
For a far-flung family vacation this winter, consider exploring Australia aboard the Sea Princess this winter. Leaving
Brisbane on Dec.17, the Sea Princess will take passengers to Airlie Beach. And on the ship, little ones can enjoy a variety of
onboard activities and entertainment, from dance classes to volleyball to enrichment classes.
Cruise to the Caribbean with DisneyAboard each Disney ship, you’ll find numerous kid-friendly activities and services that are well-suited for the young-
and the young at heart. Disney characters pop up frequently throughout the kids club and in public spaces. Best of all, there
are plenty of family-friendly stateroom category options that cater to budget-conscious families.
Norwegian Cruise Line
Norwegian Cruise Line offers a unique style of cruising-Freestyle Cruising. It offers a delicious lineup of excellent
restaurants ranging from casual to fine dining, thrilling entertainment, exciting fitness activities and classes.
21．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．An advertisement.
C．An academic article. D．A travel journal.
22．Which family cruise can you choose to have kids perform ballet?
A．Regent Seven Seas. B．Norwegian Cruise Line.
C．Disney Cruise Line. D．Princess Cruises.
23．Who will be more interested in Disney ships?
A．Elegant families. B．Cautious families.
C．Economical families. D．Generous families.
【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了适合家庭乘船游览的几种选择。
21．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“With summer behind us and the fall and winter holidays just around the
corner, now it seems as good a time as any to start planning the next family vacation. Instead of a beach break or ski
getaway, a family cruise offers a convenient and cost-effective alternative winter vacation. (夏天已经过去，秋冬假期即将
到来，现在似乎是开始计划下一次家庭度假的好时机。与海滩度假或滑雪度假不同，家庭游轮提供了一个方便且
具有成本效益的另类寒假。)”等内容可知，本文向读者推荐了适合家庭乘船游览的几种选择，属于广告类文章。故
选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据Tour Australia with Princess Cruises下列段落中“And on the ship, little ones can enjoy a variety
of onboard activities and entertainment, from dance classes to volleyball to enrichment classes. (在船上，孩子们可以享受
各种船上活动和娱乐，从舞蹈课到排球，再到丰富多彩的课程。)”可知，你可以选择Princess Cruises让孩子们表演
芭蕾舞。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据Cruise to the Caribbean with Disney下列段落中“Best of all, there are plenty of family-friendly
stateroom category options that cater to budget-conscious families. (最棒的是，有很多适合家庭的特等舱类别可供选择，
适合精打细算的家庭。)”可知，经济型家庭对Disney ships更感兴趣。故选C项。
10.【2023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考】
An Anthology (选集) of Aquatic Life(DK Children’s Anthologies)
Author: Sam
Hume★★★★☆206 ratings
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An Anthology of Aquatic Life is a stunning ocean encyclopedia
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