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橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
2023 年 12 月大学四级考试真题及解析（第二套）
Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Directions: Suppose the university newspaper is inviting submissions from the students
for its coming edition on the recent development in their hometown. You are now to write an essay
for submission. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but
nomorethan 180words.
Part Ⅱ ListeningComprehension (25 minutes)
SectionA
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report, you will
hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and
D). Then mark thecorrespondingletter onAnswer Sheet1with asinglelinethrough thecentre.
Questions1and2arebased onthe news reportyou havejustheard.
1. A)He noticed thedriver was too young todrive.
B)Hefound there was noone sitting at thewheel.
C)Hethought something mustbewrong with thedriver.
D)He sawthe driverchanging lanes much too frequently.
2.A)Buy asports car. B)Drive across town.
C)Leave California. D)Visithis sister
Questions3and4arebased onthe news reportyou havejustheard.
3.A)How they change thewaywe shop.
B)Howthey alter human skeletons.
C)Howthey cause increased headaches.
D)How they affect our communication.
4.A)It loosens. B)It brightens.
C)It hardens. D)It softens
Questions5to 7arebased onthe newsreportyou havejustheard.
5.A)Create Internet pages for him.
B)Ask a local pet shop toadopt him.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
C)Name anorange tree after him.
D)Hold a birthday party for him.
6.A) Heis abold and aggressive pet.
B)Hepays regular visitsto village shops.
C)Heonce bit adoctor's receptionist.
D)He likes to sitonthehairdresser's chair
7.A) Heis fond of luxury cat food.
B) )He likes tostay in villagers 'houses.
C)Heknows everybody inthe village.
D)He often seeks food around herpub.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation,
you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and
D). Then mark thecorrespondingletter onAnswer Sheet 1withasinglelinethrough thecentre.
Questions8to 11arebasedon theconversation youhavejustheard.
8. A)Whotoorder the food. B)Whetherto have sandwiches.
C)When togo for theirmeal. D)Where to havetheir lunch.
9.A)In theshopping center nearby.
B)In theexpensiveItalian style diner.
C)At theSandwich Place onCamden Street.
D)At theAmerican restaurant they frequent.
10.A)There is tobe a conference call.
B) Shehas to meet with her bossthen.
C)There will becrowds ofpeople waiting forher.
D)Shewill have aphoto taken with BrigetteClark.
11.A)She doesn't deem homemadesoup tasty.
B) Shedoesn't think hiswife cooks well.
C)Shefeels Jeremy would rather dineout.
D)Shehas found thesoupsmells terrible.
Questions12to 15arebased onthe conversation you havejustheard.
12. A)Alandlady.
B)Awaitress.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
C)Areceptionist.
D)Asaleswoman.
13.A)Hewas involved in aterrible car accident lastApril.
B)Hehas much difficulty getting upand down stairs..
C)Heis expected to undergo a kneeoperation.
D)He prefers tostay nextdoor to thechildren.
14.A)Toplease hisparents-in-law.
B)Tofind thebest trip for hiskids.
C)Tosatisfy his curiosity.
D)Tocompare prices.
15.A)Visit alocal art gallery.
B)Go onaboat trip.
C)Takesome photosof theislands.
D)Tryher hand-made clothing.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear
three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear
a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then
markthecorresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1with asinglelinethrough thecentre.
Questions16to 18arebased onthe passageyouhavejustheard.
16.A)They are more intelligent than many of us.
B)They have already become ournew friends.
C)They have begunto affect oursocial behavior.
D)They playincreasingly moreimportant roles.
17.A)Whetherit might have any effect ontheway wenegotiate.
B)Whether it might actually outperform human negotiators.
C)Whetherit canfacilitatebusiness transactions.
D)Whether itcan speed uplegal procedures.
18.A)Choose tobe tough.
B)Sympathizewith theiropponent.
C)Usedeceptivestrategies
D)Appear tobe pleasant.
Questions19to 21arebased onthe passageyouhavejustheard.
19. A)They were perceived differently bysomeacademics.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
B)They stillexisted sixmonths after thecourse ended.
C)They varied greatly among thecourse participants.
D)They were onlymeasurablewithin seven weeks.
20.A)They can beeasily seen among participants in ahealthy weight range.
B)They should be attributed toparticipants' change in diet behaviors.
C)They are linked to cooking confidence and cooking satisfaction.
D)They actually result from eating more fruits and vegetables.
21.A)Gender. B)Confidence.
C)Health. D)Practice.
Questions22to 25arebased onthe passageyouhavejustheard.
22.A) It keeps others away.
B)It causes discomfort.
C)It remains visible.
D)It varies insize.
23.A)It makes us feel uncomfortable.
B)It renders theacquaintance a stranger.
C)It brings theacquaintance closer to us.
D)It causes the bubblearound usto vanish.
24.A)In personal space.
B) In social space.
C)Withina distanceof 18inches.
D)Over2feet away from one another.weaknesses.
25.A)When webegin tofeel fear.
B)When wedevelop asenseof space
C)When weare 3or4years old.
D)When we enterour teens.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
SectionA
Directions:In thissection, thereis apassagewith ten blanks. Youarerequired to select one wordfor
each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefullybeforemaking your choices. Each choiceinthe bankis identified byaletter.Please
mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Youmay notuse anyof thewords in thebankmorethanonce.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
Anumber of studies have looked at how family life can affect productivity and satisfaction in
theworkplace.However,there has been 26 little research onthe influence of leisure activities.So
Ciara Kelly and colleagues recruited 129 hobbyists to look at how the time spent on their hobbies
27 theirwork life.
Theresearchers found that when participants spent longer than 28 ontheir leisure activity,
their belief in their ability to perform their job was strengthened.But this was only the 29 when
they had a serious hobby that was dissimilar to their job,or when their hobby was similar to their
work but they only did it 30 .When their hobby was both serious and similar to their job,then
spending moretimeonit actually decreased their work 31 .
Why might that be? To maintain a serious hobby,people need to invest significant
psychological resources,say the authors—so if the activity has the same kinds of demands as their
work,they may be left 32 and unable to perform well at their job.But if their hobby is quite
different from their career, it may not 33 in the same way but instead help them develop other
knowledge andskillsthat can 34 theirconfidence at work.“Consider ascientist whois akeen rock
climber,"says Kelly."Since climbing is so far 35 from their day-to-day work activities,they can
stillrecover from thedemands oftheirjob with plenty ofresources.”
A)boost
B)case
C)casually
D)efficiency
E)estate
F) exhausted
G)faculty
H)interfere
I) normal
J)prevalent
K)relative
L)removed
M)scratch
N)shaped
O)surprisingly
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which
the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked
withaletter.Answer thequestions by marking thecorresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.
More fathers aretaking paternity leave,butmothers arestill doingall the work
A)Attitudes towards paternity leave (陪产假)have drastically changed inAmerica in thelast fiveyears as
more fathers feel comfortable taking extended timeoff,but gender bias persists when it comes to career
prospects and thehome,according toanew study ofworking parents.
B) Research by the Boston College Center for Work &Family,which surveyed new parents at four large
US companies who were qualified for taking at least six weeks paid parental leave,found that 81%of
the1,240employees surveyed said thenotion offathers taking leave has become moreacceptable.
C)Of those surveyed,62%of fathers took the maximum amount of time off compared to 93%of
mothers,and around three-quarters of workers said their employer was equally supportive of mothers
and fathers taking parental leave and overhalf said leave policies had made workplace culture better.
D)The US is one of only three countries in the world not to offer statutory(法定的)paid leave,but
increasingly states and companies are starting to take up the issue.So far,eight states and the District of
Columbiahave
theirown paidfamily leave laws.
E)Brad Harrington,executive director of the center and lead author of the study,estimates only 20%to
30% of companies in the US offer paid parental leave.He feels the research findings reflect an obvious
change in corporateattitudes to new fathers takingtimeoff.
F)“We did a study on paternity leave five years ago.Compared with those findings,these numbers were
shocking to me.I did not expect 80%of people to say the organisation finds dads taking this leave
acceptable and three-quarters to say it's equally supportive of women and men taking
leave,"Harrington said.
G) The previous study found that nearly three-quarters of fathers saw two to four weeks as an
appropriate duration for paternity leave and 76%said they would prefer not to take all their time off at
once.
H) Since then,there have been a number of legal cases against companies involving paternity
leave-including cases against JPMorgan Chase Estèe Lauder—which have helped put pressure on
companies to make theirparental leave policies gender neutral.
I) However,the study also shows how traditional gender roles endure both at work,where more women
than men reported changes in their perceived career potential,and at home-even among workers who
claim to havea strong desire forequality.
J)The vast majority of men,97%,said one of the top reasons to take leave was to share caregiving with
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
their partner.But when they were asked about how caregiving and household tasks were divided,their
answers painted a different picture.While about 75% of employees said both genders should give the
same amount of care,the majority of men and nearly half of women admitted that in reality the female
actually did most ofit.Atinyfraction,2%,of men said they did moreof thechildcare.
K)Men and women's experiences of the return to work following parental leave were also considerably
different.Of the women surveyed,32%reported a downturn in their job satisfaction,while14%said
it increased.In comparison,17% of men said their job satisfaction went down and 20%said it went
up. Meanwhile,more women reported an increase in their responsibilities and manager expectations
after childbirth.Half of the women said they used flexible work arrangements after becoming a
parent,while just 27%of men did.Similar percentages of men and women said they enjoyed their
careers and that it gave them a sense of achievement,while around half of women and 44%of men said
itwas akey part oftheir identity.
L)On the subject of career advancement,59%of women and 49%of men said leave could be limiting
and both genders said they feared it would have an impact on their progress long-term.But on
opportunity for promotion,more than double the number of women,30%compared with 15%of
men,believed their chances to be lower after becoming a parent.Despite progress,the struggle for
women to reach the highest positions of power is demonstrated in this year's Fortune 500 list,which
featured a record 33female CEOs,but this stillrepresents atiny fraction ofthetotal.
M)Harrington said culture change depends on companies putting more focus on men and their
responsibilities.“By that I mean companies need to give men paternity leave and encourage men to
take time off to be with their kids early on in the kids' life.They also need to recognise that men have
to make significant adjustments when they become parents.Companies cannot do all these things to
enhance women's advancement and then turn around and say,'Oh,but we don't expect the men to take
overfor thewomen at home."
N)In May,the American Civil Liberties Union(ACLU)and Outten &Golden LLP announced a historic
class- action $5m settlement with JPMorgan Chase on behalf of male employees who claim they were
illegally denied access to paid parental leave.Derek Rotondo,35,filed the discrimination charge against
his company after he was allegedly told by his HR department that mothers were considered primary
caregivers.Thus,they were allowed to take16 weeks of paid parental leave.Fathers,however,could take
justtwo weeks.
O)The father of two from Columbus,Ohio,who still works at the company as an associate and
investigator,said he has witnessed a“domino effect (多米诺效应)”across companies since the
settlement,but that there is still substantial progress to be made towards changing attitudes towards
paternity leave.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
P)“I do think there's still some way to go…there's still going to be sort of the unstated expectation for
new dads to essentially come right back to work,but I think the research is showing that's starting to
change."He said equal parental leave is an essential component to creating gender equality in the
workplace.“The old standard of women staying home,having babies and cooking doesn't apply and
hasn't applied for along time.”
36.In the absence of Federal legislation,somestates in the US have passed laws concerning paid family
leave.
37.Most fathers admitted that even during their paternity leave they actually did much less childcare
than the mother.
38.According to one father,equal parental leave is indispensable to achieving gender equality in the
workplace.
39One survey indicated there is nowless objection to paternity leave.
40.Compared to five years ago,according to one researcher,many more people said their organisation
gave thesame support to men and women taking parental leave.
41.One study finds that even workers who claim to desire gender equality stick to traditional gender
roles bothat work and at home.
42.The majority ofworkers surveyed said parental leave policies had improved workplace culture.
43.In spite of progress,the number of women in top positions of big companies remains extremely
small.
44.Accordingtoone estimate,less thanonethird of companies in theUS providepaid parental leave.
45. A number of lawsuits have pressured companies to formulate gender neutral policies on parental
leave.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should
decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through thecentre.
PassageOne
Questions46to 50arebased onthe followingpassage.
Having a rival can keep you committed to achieving your goals and enhance your overall
performance.But before you go out and find an entrepreneur to outcompete,it's important to
understand and avoid the traps that often come with rivalry.After all,competitive rivalry can also
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
hinder effective decision-making and increase your willingness to take risks,behaviors that can
ultimatelyhurt your venture's success.
Finding someone you're committed to outcompeting can be a great way to stay focused on your
goals and push your venture to the next level.But when you're intently focused on outperforming
your rivals,you may begin todevelop“a win-at-all-costs”mentalitythat causes you toignorehow you
achieve success.One group of researchers,for example,examined the link between rivalry and
unethical behavior.They found that when people compete against their rivals,they are more willing to
behave unethically to win.But such behavior may stain your reputation and strain relationships
important to your success.One way to avoid this trap is to stop and reflect on what's important.While
outperforming your rivals may provide short-term benefits,the loss of your integrity will have
long-term consequences.
One reason having a rival can enhance your venture's performance is that it creates a level of
excitement that drives you to work harder.But this eagerness to win may also hurt your venture's
success,particularly when it causes you to make impulsive,insensible decisions.But it's possible to
avoid such costly mistakes by making a habit of engaging in critical thinking,such as considering
opposing viewpoints and conducting cost-benefit analyses,especially for those decisions that are
complex andcan determine thefuture ofyour venture.
The sense of eagerness that comes with having a rival can not only cause you to make poorer
decisions, but it can also lead you totake greater risks that put your venture in peril.One way you can
overcome the risk- inducing effects of rivalry that stand to endanger your venture's success is to
remain attentive to your emotional state and actively monitor how such feelings are affecting your
decision-making.
46.Howcan competitiverivalry benefit entrepreneurs according to thepassage?
A)By enabling them to outcompeteother entrepreneurs.
B) By enabling them to maketheirventure asuccess.
C)By helpingthem to reach long-term goals.
D)By helping them to stay goal-oriented.
47.What isoneof thetraps entrepreneurs may often fall into when competing withrivals?
A)They mayadopt strategies thatare boundtoruin theirventure.
B)They may resort to unethical means to outperform theirrivals.
C)They may be tooeagerto succeed while ignoring thehuge labor cost.
D)They may beintently focused onwinning at thecurrent market level.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
48.What are entrepreneurs advised to doto avoid traps that often accompany rivalry?
A)Deliberate onwhat really matters..
B) Prioritizereaping immediatebenefits.
C)Estimatethelong-term consequences.
D)Reflect onwhat successes are achievable.
49.Howcan entrepreneurs avoid making impulsiveandinsensibledecisions?
A)By engaging themselves in critical reasoning.
B)By developing ahabit ofkeeping theirintegrity.
C)By criticizingthemselves for previous poorperformances.
D)By refraining from beingtooexcited about theirsuccesses.
50.Howcan entrepreneurs overcomethe risk-inducing effects of rivalry?
A)By paying close attention totheircurrent performance.
B)By takingsteps that stand to endanger theirrivals' success.
C)By monitoringhowtheirdecision-making impacts theirmentality.
D)By keeping theiremotionsin check toavoid making poordecisions.
PassageTwo
Questions51to 55arebased onthe followingpassage.
A multitasker is one who can perform two or more tasks effectively at the same time,which—
apart from the obvious differences—is similar to what a computer does.The concept does indeed
come from the realms of technology,where it is used to refer to an operating system that can execute
multipletasks at thesame time. However,thequestion is:can a person really bea multitasker?
For most scientists,theanswer is no.So much so that, according toexperts in neuroscience (神经
系统科学), our brains do not handle multitasking situations well. As soon as two tasks require our
attention, productivity suffers. What we call multitasking,therefore,is in reality the ability to move
more or less quickly from one task to another.This requires two essential conditions:that one of the
tasks needs to be automatic,like walking or eating,and that they both need different mental
processes.Answering thephoneand writing at thesametime,for example.
However,on the other side of the coin there are people who maintain that it is possible to be,or
at least seem to be,multitasking.A recent study concluded that regardless of whether people are
actually handling several tasks or not,themere fact that they perceive this activity as multitasking has
apositiveeffect ontheirperformance.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
The business perspective offers a different view:multitasking is understood as the ability to
adapt to all types of environment within a company and effectively undertake different activities
within a set time frame. Indeed,many companies look for people who are skilled in multitasking to
improve their productivity.From this different perspective,you can not only be multitasking but this
ability can also be taught:something that is easier in fluid organisations,which favour flexibility in
theirworking practices.
The benefits of multitasking are clear.Being quicker and more efficient increases our
performance and the number of tasks completed.But having to pay attention to several things at once
means that thepowers of concentration are reduced and that can lead to moremistakes.
51.What does a“multitasker”originally refer to?
A)An operating system capableof doingseveral tasks at once.
B)Askilled worker executing morethan one task at thesame time.
C)Asophisticated technology doing several tasks effectively at once.
D)An efficient person able to perform multipletasks at the sametime.
52.Whycan't peoplereally bemultitaskers according toneuroscientists?
A)They are not sufficientlyexposed to multitasking situations.
B)They are not comparable tomechanical operating systems.
C)Theirbrains donotallow them tomultitask.
D)Their attention span cannot beexpanded.
53.Whatdowe learn from theconclusion of arecent studyonmultitasking?
A)Peoplemake greater achievements by maintainingwhatever they are doing is multitasking.
B)People's performance benefits from theperception ofwhat they are doing as multitasking.
C)People's activemental processes exert apositiveeffect ontheirmultitasking.
D)Peoplecan improve theircapabilities byhandling multitasking situations.
54.Howdoes the business world viewmultitasking?
A)It is arare skilloften found in fluidorganisations.
B)It isan adaptable capabilityrequired of all workers.
C)It isan essential quality many employees lack.
D)It is adesirable ability that can be developed.
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
55.Whatdoes theauthorimply weshould doifwe havetofocus onsometask and doit well?
A)Work inaflexibleway.
B)Learnfrom mistakes.
C)Avoid multitasking.
D)Increaseefficiency
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English.You shouldwriteyour answer onAnswer Sheet 2.
改革开放以来，中国人的饮食(diet)发生了显著变化。过去由于经济落后，食品种类有限、
数量不足，人们仅仅满足于吃得饱。如今中国经济快速发展，食品不仅更加丰富多样，质量也
大幅提高。随着生活水平不断提升，人们对饮食的要求越来越高，更加注重吃得营养健康。因
此，目前市场上推出的低脂、低糖、有机食品受到人们的普遍欢迎。
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
2023 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题答案速查表（第二套）
Part Ⅰ Writing
（见真题解析）
Part Ⅱ ListeningComprehension
SectionA
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A
Section B
8.D 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.B
Section C
16. D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.D 23.A 24.B
25.D
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
SectionA
26. O 27.N 28.I 29.B 30.C 31.D 32.F 33.H 34.A
35.L
Section B
36. D 37.J 38.P 39.B 40.F 41.I 42.C 43.L 44.E
45.H
Section C
46. D 47.B 48.A 49.A 50.D 51.A 52.C 53.B 54.D
55.C
Part Ⅳ Translation
（见真题解析）
改变就橙啦橙啦，大学生学习成长平台
改变就橙啦
