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考点 6 阅读理解
主旨大意之文章标题（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 2021-2023年三年高考真题考点分布
考点
文章标题
题型
2023 试卷类型 设问 考点
【2023年1月·浙江 35．Which of the following is the best title for the 文章标题
卷】D text?
[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ 27.What can be a suitable title for the text? 文章标题
卷]B
2022 2022年全国甲卷 阅读C27. Which can be a suitable title for the text? 文章标题
2022年全国乙卷 阅读C31. Which is the most suitable title for the 文章标题
阅读理解
text?
2021 2021年新高考I卷 C篇31. Which of the following is a suitable title for 文章标题
the text?
2021年全国甲卷 D篇15. What is the best title for the text? 文章标题
2021年全国乙卷 C篇31. Which of the following can be the best title 文章标题
for the text?
2021年新高考II卷 C篇11. Which of the following is a suitable title for 文章标题
the text?
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中文章标题的考查共计8次，主要考查：
根据阅读文章全部内容确定文章的标题，概括文章标题。概括文章标题的方法：1.利用主题句；2.没有主题句，总
结概括出文章标题；3.文章标题是对整个文章的高度概括；可以采用逆向思维的方法，假设文章标题，你怎么写这
个文章，如果和给出的文章吻合，就是正确标题。4.文章标题一定要和文章的内容相符合，不能太宽，也不能太窄。
5.文章标题的特点，简短明晰。
【备考策略】系统归类文章标题的总结方法，尤其是主题句、同义句表达的技巧；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
2024年阅读理解对文章标题的考查仍然是重点。
【2024年高考命题预测】文章标题考点是高考中的必考点。标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它是段落中
心思想最精练的表达形式。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点
和意图。预测在2024高考中，文章标题题会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【主旨大意之文章标题考点指南】
选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定标题。
首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免下列三
种情况：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发
挥）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。
其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与
文章主题是否有密切的关系。既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心就不突出，太小也发挥不了应起的作用；精
确度高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。它可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。
再次要注意标题的醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖，标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门
面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目，甚至
比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。
最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，
与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。
文章标题题常考问题：
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
The best title for the passage would be …
1. [2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
B
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at
first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden programme at four low-
income schools. The programme aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy
lifestyles.
Jaramillos students live in neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft
drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are
initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil
testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students
cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they
went home and talked to their parents and now theyre eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the programmes benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they
bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on
Jaramillos special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and
they feel successful.”( )27.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Rescuing school gardens
B.Experiencing country life
C.Growing vegetable lovers
D.Changing local landscape
2.【2023年1月·浙江卷】D
According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the
past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and
though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what
they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The
result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and
Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the
agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on
establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is
providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past
couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator
habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens,
businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter
for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms
can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future
C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development
规律方法 如何精确归纳标题？
1、利用主题段来概括标题
主题段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题，
知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句话或一个短语——文章的标题。
2、利用主题句来概括标题
解题的关键是要抓住每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。通过寻找文章的主题句，并对主题句进
行概括和提炼，从而确定文章的标题。
做此类题时，要避免以下三种错误：
(1)概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而缩小了范围)；
(2)过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；
(3)以事实、细节替代文章大意。1.【2023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考】
In the animal kingdom, mimics (模仿) are not rare. Stick insects pretend to be twigs. Hawk moth caterpillars resemble
poisonous snakes. The examples, though, are visual. Auditory mimicry is rarer. Danilo Russo of the University of Naples
Federico II thinks he has found a novel case of it, as he describes in Current Biology. Some bats, he believes, mimic angry
bees in order to scare away owls that might otherwise eat them.
Dr. Russo first noticed bat buzzing a few years ago. The noise struck him as similar to the sound of some bees. He
wondered whether bat buzzing was a form of mimicry which helped to scare off would-be predators.
To test this idea, he and his colleagues first recorded the buzzing that captured bats made. Then, with protective
clothing, they began the more dangerous task of recording the buzzing made by different bees. Computer analysis revealed
that bees’ and bats’ buzzing were, indeed, similar.
Then the researchers recruited several owls. They put the owls, one at a time, in an enclosure with branches for them to
stay on, and two boxes with holes in them. They placed a loudspeaker alongside one of the boxes and, after the birds had
settled in, broadcast through it five seconds of uninterrupted bat buzzing and a similar amount of insect buzzing three times
in a row for each noise. As a control, they broadcast in like manner several non-buzzing sounds made by bats.
During the broadcasts and for five minutes thereafter, they videoed the owls. After analysis, the results were
unequivocal. When they heard both the bat buzzing and the bee buzzing, the owls moved as far from the speakers as they
could. In contrast, when the non-buzzing bat sounds were played, they crept closer.
Dr. Russo believes this is the first reported case of a mammal using auditory mimicry to scare away a predator. They
strongly suspect, however, that it is not unique. Anecdotes suggest several birds also make buzzing noises when their nests
are disturbed. And with the result of the experiment, he therefore predicts that auditory mimicry is far more widespread than
currently realized.
35．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．A New Trick to Scare Away Owls B．Animal Mimicry: Buzz off
C．A Self-protection Behavior among Animals D．Bats: No More Victim to Owls
2.【2023届重庆市普通高中高三第三次联合诊断测】
Making day-to-day activities more intense for a few minutes — such as briefly stepping up the pace of a walk — could
offer people who don’t exercise some of the health benefits that exercisers enjoy, according to a new study of roughly 25,
000 adults who reported no exercise in their free time.
Those who include three one- to two-minute bursts of intense activity per day saw a nearly a 40 percent drop in the risk
of death from any cause compared with those without such activity. The risk of death from cancer also fell by nearly 40
percent, and the risk of death from cardiovascular (心血管的) disease dropped almost 50 percent, researchers report online
December 8 in Nature Medicine.
“This study adds to other literature showing that even short amounts of activity are beneficial,” says Lisa Cadmus-
Bertram, a physical activity epidemiologist (流行病学家) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “So many people are
daunted by feeling that they don’t have the time, money, motivation, transportation, etc. togo to a gym regularly or work
out for long periods of time,” she says. “The message we can take is that it is absolutely worth doing what you can.”
The researchers were looking for bursts of intense activity that met a definition determined in a laboratory study, like
reaching at least 77 percent of maximum heart rate and at least 64 percent of maximum oxygen consumption. In real life,
the signs that someone has reached the needed intensity level are “an increase in heart rate and feeling out of breath” in the
first 15 to 30 seconds of an activity, Stamatakis says.
Regular daily activities offer several opportunities for these bursts, he says. “The simplest one is maximizing walkingpace for a minute or two during any regular walk.” Other options, he says, include carrying grocery bags to the car or taking
the stairs. “The largest population health gains will be realized by finding ways to get the least physically active people to
move a little more.”
35．What might be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Simplest Daily Exercise Activities
B．Brief Intense Activities Can Be Helpful
C．The Guidance on Brief Intense Activities
D．Regular Exercise Is Necessary for Everyone
3.【湖北省十堰市部分重点中学2022-2023学年高二3月联考】
Sugar cane（甘蔗）contains around 10% sugar. But that means it contains around 90% non-sugar—the material
known as bagasse （甘蔗渣）which remains once the sugar-bearing juice is squeezed out. World production of cane sugar
was 185 million tonnes in 2017 , which results in a lot of bagasse.
At the moment, most of it is burned. But Zhu Hongli, a mechanical engineer at Northeastern University, in Boston,
thinks it can be put into better use. As she, and her colleagues describe, in Matter this week, with a bit of improving
bagasse makes an excellent and biodegradable （可生 物降解的）replacement for the plastic used for disposable food
containers such as coffee cups.
Dr. Zhu is not the first person to have this idea. But previous attempts tended not to survive contact with liquids. She
knew from previous research that the main reason why past efforts fell to pieces when wet is that bagasse is composed of
short fibres which are unable to hold the finished product. She therefore sought' to insert a suitably long-fibred
substance.
Bamboo seemed to be the best choice. It grows quickly /degrades readily and has appropriately long fibres. And it
worked. When the researchers blended bamboo remaining into bagasse, they found that the result had a strong crossing of
short and long fibres.
To put their new material through its paces, Dr. Zhu and her colleagues first poured hot oil onto it and found that, rather
than passing through the material, as it would have with previous, bagasse products, the oil was resisted by their invention.
They also found that when they made a cup out of the stuff and filled it with water heated almost to boiling point, the
cup remained unbroken for more than two hours. Though this is not as long as a plastic cup would Hast, it-is long enough
for all practical purposes.
11．What would be the best title for the text?
A．New Bamboo Containers B．A New Application of Fibres
C．Young and Promising Materials D．A Perfect Mix of Cane and Bamboo
4.【2023届贵州省遵义市高三三模】
Angela Zhang, a Mandopop(华语流行乐)star born on the island of Taiwan, recently appeared on the hot Chinese
mainland produced music show Infinity and Beyond. During the show, Angela Zhang sang Yeliya Girl, a song written 34
years ago that witnessed the birth of Mandopop’s “golden age”. After the show, she talked about her music career with the
Global Times and said that “Mandopop has become a global trend.”
Speaking of Mandopop’s “golden age”, Zhang told the Global Times that 1980s’ pop songs like Jeff Chang’ sAi Ru
Chaoshui(Love Like Tidewater)left a deep impression on her when she was a little girl. With this appreciation, Zhang
finally broke out in the beginning of the 21st century, Mandopop’s peak on the island of Taiwan. “I think one of the great
charms of that time was that each singer had a unique personal style and voice too,” Zhang told the Global Times.
Along with other stars like Jay Chou, Mandopop gained more popularity among audience around the world over thedecades.
Zhang told the Global Times that the themes in Mandopop have also been shifting from love romance to inner
cultivation(修养). “Music is more a reflection of the current state of society. Art and our lives are closely related,” Zhang
noted. The 2006 song Invisible Wings brought Zhang some “healing” as it once actually saved a young girl’s life. When
buried during an earthquake, the girl kept singing this song, which led to her final rescue.
She said that Mandopop is now receiving more notice from the world with inspirations and treasures from our roots.
“Our Chinese culture has lasted for more than 5,000 years and it is necessary to continue to pass it down. They are our
roots,” said Zhang.
7．Which of the following might be the proper title for the passage?
A．Mandopop’s Golden Age. B．Mandopop’s Global Popularity.
C．Angela Zhang’s Incredible Songs. D．Angela Zhang’s Life Experiences.
5.【2023届湘豫名校联考高三第三次模拟】
For the first 18 years of my life, my mom cooked Chinese food every day, all served family-style. But when it came
time for me to teach myself how to cook, I didn’t ask my mom for help. Instead, like so many young people, I turned to the
online recipes. By the time I got married, I could cook many dishes. What I didn’t really know how to cook at all, however,
was Chinese food.
Part of the problem was that I only knew how to cook by following recipes. And up until maybe 5 or 10 years ago, the
number of English-language recipes for Chinese dishes you could find in a cookbook or on the Internet still felt extremely
limited —at least when it came to homey(家乡菜), everyday recipes written with a younger Chinese American audience in
mind.
That was the experience, too, for sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung. Like so many other ABCs (American-born Chinese)
and younger first- and second-generation Chinese immigrants(移民), the Leung sisters reached a point in their adult lives
when they started to love to eat the food they’d grown up on, but found it really difficult to learn how to prepare it.
As it turns out, though, the Leung sisters were uniquely positioned to do something about it: Their father had spent
years cooking at his family’s Chinese American takeout restaurant. Their mom had deep knowledge about traditional
Shanghainese cooking. Meanwhile, the two sisters had grown up in New York, eating their parents, food, but also
immersed(沉浸)in America’s own food culture.
So, in 2013, the Leungs started a food blog “The Woks of Life”. What made their blog different from other blogs was
that the intergenerational transfer of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager for was baked right into the concept: The four
family members took turns posting recipes, each sharing their own favorites. In that way, Sarah says, the blog reflected —
and continues to reflect — the diversity of the Chinese diaspora(华侨).
7．What can be the best title for the text?
A．The Popularity of “The Woks of Life”
B．The Comeback of Chinese Food in America
C．Take a Glance of the Daily Life of Overseas Chinese
D．Help a New Generation of Chinese Americans Learn to Cook
基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023届福建省福州市普通高中毕业班5月质量检测】
Feeling a hug from each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City
University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and
form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great potential for improving the distance touch
communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world, they provide
only touch sensing or touch response. The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch
reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7cm×l0cm, 4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器), a microcontroller unit, a
Bluetooth module, and other electronics on a flexible circuit board. The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once
the actuator is pressed and released by a force, a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital
signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth. When the signals are received, a current is
caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration (振动). The process can be
reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the internet with smartphones and
computers to perform long-distance touch, and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system, where one-to-one and one-
to-multiple touch delivery could be realized. Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This
form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next, the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability, who could wear the e-skin
to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
12．What is the unique feature of the e-skin?
A．It provides hugs for users.
B．It builds a social network.
C．It provides touch sensing and copying,
D．It monitors the process of self-sensing.
13．What does the underlined word “reversed” mean?
A．Started. B．Disturbed. C．Completed. D．Exchanged.
14．What can we learn about e-skin?
A．It strengthens bonds across distance.
B．Its converter vibrates when working.
C．It sends electrical signals to receivers.
D．Its system delivers touch with phones.
15．What would be the best title of the text?
A．A signal-sending application
B．An invention for the disabled
C．A device for virtual interaction
D．A long distance communication
2.【2023届安徽省合肥市第八中学高三最后一卷】
The ability to use tools is rare in the animal world. Recently, ravens(渡鸭)have been proven capable of more than just
