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大学英语四级翻译
1. 昆曲(Kunqu Opera)源于江苏昆山地区，至今已有600多年的历史，它是中国
戏曲最古老的存在形式之一。昆曲有一个完整的表演体系并且有自己独特的腔调。
昆曲在明朝初期得到发展。从16到18世纪，它一直主宰着中国戏曲。此外，昆
曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式。今天，昆曲依然在中国的一些大城市被进
行表演，受到了许多人的喜爱。
参考翻译:
Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu. It is one of
the oldest existing forms of Chinese operas with a history of more
than 600 years. Kunqu Opera has a complete system of acting
characterized by its own distinctive tunes. During the early Ming
Dynasty, Kunqu Opera got developed and it dominated Chinese theatre
from the 16th to the 18th century. In addition, Kunqu Opera has
influenced many other Chinese theatre forms. Today, Kunqu Opera is
still played in some major cities of China and enjoys a popularity
among many people.
2. 中国人在庆祝传统新年时，有贴年画(New Year pictures)的习俗。这在宋
朝的史料中有所记载。广大农村尤其流行这个习俗。在新年来临之际每个家庭
都忙于往门、窗户和墙上贴彩色的年画或剪纸(paper-cut)。传统的年画是用简
单清晰的线条和明亮的色彩描绘出繁荣的景象。年画表达的主题范围很广，但
所有年画传递的信息一直都是好运、节日气息或人们希望的其他好事情。
参考翻译:
Chinese people have the custom of sticking up New Year pictures to
celebrate the traditional New Year. This can be traced in the
historical records of the Song Dynasty. The custom is particularly
popular in the vast countryside. Upon the coming of the New Year,
every household will be busy pasting colorful New Year pictures or
paper-cuts on their doors, windows and walls. Traditional New Year
pictures are characterized by scenes of prosperity depicted in
simple, clear lines and brilliant colors. The themes expressed in New
Year pictures cover a wide range, but the messages all pictures
convey are always good luck, festival atmosphere or other nice things
in the wish of the people.
3. 在中国，扇子的使用始于数千年前。扇子是由许多不同的材料制成的。汉、
唐期间，农业有了发展，丝绸和缎面(satin)扇子开始出现，并在文人雅士
(scholars and artists)中成为了一种时尚。他们通过在扇面上书写和绘画来
展示自己的才能。扇子很快获得了非常大的社会意义。它们成为了有学问的人
标准夏季着装的一部分。中国制作的扇子多种多样。它们如今依旧享有盛誉。参考翻译:
Fans began to be used in China thousands of years ago. They were made
out of many different materials. During the Han and Tang Dynasties,
due to progress in agriculture, silk and satin fans appeared, and
they became a fashion among scholars and artists who showed their
genius by writing and painting on the fans. Fans soon acquired
considerable social significance. They became a part of the standard
summer costume among the learned. A great variety of fans have been
produced in China and they still enjoy great reputation today.
4.随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上
穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国传统文化中，白
色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼
物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而
要装在红色信封里。
参考译文：
With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to hold
Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding
dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of
purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used
in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be
used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or
patients in critical conditions. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be
packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.
5. 我们的身体夜晚需要休息，白天需要清醒。大多数人每晚需要8到8.5个小
时的睡眠才能正常运转。找到更多的时间、更好的睡眠方法可能是个挑战。科
学家已经确认了80多种不同的睡眠紊乱症(sleep disorders)。有些睡眠紊乱
症是遗传的。但是，许多睡眠紊乱症是由于熬夜，经常跨时区旅行以及上夜班
而引起的。
参考译文：
Our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most
women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep
a night to function properly throughout their lives. Finding ways to
get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have
identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping
disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up
late and by traveling frequently between time zone or by working
nights.
6. 中国人的姓名通常姓(family name)在前，名(givenname)在后。中国有10
多亿个名字，所以人们即便在随意场合也可能会连名带姓地介绍自己，这是很寻常的。历史上，人名的受欢迎稈度会随着时事而变化。例如，文化大革命
(Cultural Rcvolution)期间，“红”颇受欢迎，因其代表“革命”。20世纪
80年代改革开放时期，“致富”成为一个名字，因其意为“变得富有”。
参考译文：
In China the family name is usually in front of the given name. It
isn't unusual for a man to introduce himself by his family name with
given name even in casual situations because there are more than
abillion given names. The Chinese given name has a history of
changing with popularity depending on what events were going on. For
instance, during the Cultural Revolution Hong (the color red) was
very popular as it presents revolution. During the reform and opening
up in the 1980s, Zhifu became one given name asit means “getting
rich”.
7. 现代人类约公元前50000年第 一次从中亚或印度来到中国。这些石器时代
(Stone Age)的人，居住在洞穴中，穿着毛皮。公元前4000年左右，这些人开
始种植水稻，并饲养羊和鸡。约公元前3000 年，他们开始使用陶器(pottery)
并住在房子里。到公元前2000年，中国人已进入青铜时代(Bronze Age)，并开
始用于写字。约公元前700年，中国的金属工人学会制作铁器工具和武器。
参考译文
Modem humans first came to China from Central Asia or India about
50,000 BC. These were Stone Age people, who lived in caves and wore
fur and leather. By around 4,000 BC, these people were starting to
farm rice and keep sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, they were
using pottery and living in houses. By 2,000 BC，Chinese people had
entered the Bronze Age and had begun to use writing. By about 700
BC， Chinese metal-workers learned to make iron tools and weapons.
8. 灵隐寺(Lingyin Temple)位于浙江省杭州市西湖的西北部。它是江南著 名
古刹。该寺建于公元326年，有1600多年的历史。传说, 印度一个叫作慧理的
和尚来到杭州，被这美丽的山区景色深深地吸引了。他认为这里有神佛，所以
建了一座庙宇，取名“灵隐”，意思是隐藏的灵魂。据说著 名的济公和尚也是
在这座寺庙皈依的，这使灵隐寺更加有名。
参考译文：
Lingyin Temple is located in the northwest side of West Lake in
Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. It is a famous ancient temple in the
south of the Yangtze River. The temple was built in 326 AD and has a
history of over 1,600 years. Legend has it that an Indian monk named
Huili came to Hangzhou and was deeply attracted by the beautiful
mountainous scenery. He thought there lived immortals and then he
built a temple and named it “Lingyin”，which means hidden souls. Itis said that the famous monk Jigong also took vows in the temple,
which made Lingyin Temple even more famous.
9. 中国是茶的故乡。据说早在五六千年前，中国就有了茶树(tea- shrub),而
且有关茶树的人类文明可以追溯到两千年前。来自中国的 茶和丝绸、瓷器
(porcelain)—样，在1000年前为世界所知，而且一 直是中国重要的出口产
品。目前世界上40多个国家种植茶，其中亚 洲国家的产量占世界总产量的
90%。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接 地起源于中国。
参考译文：
China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China has tea-
shrubs as early as five to six thousand years ago，and human
cultivation of teaplants can date back two thousand years. Tea from
China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to be known the world
over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been an
important Chinese export. At present more than forty countries in the
world grow tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the world’s
total output. All tea trees in other countries have their origin
directly or indirectly in China.
10. 蒙古族是一个富有传奇色彩的民族，对亚欧历史进程产生过巨大的影响。
全球蒙古民族共约有820万，主要分布在中国、蒙古国、俄罗斯三个国家。蒙
古族服饰包括长袍、腰带、靴子、首饰等，但因地区不同在样式上有所差异。
中国境内的蒙古族主要居住在内蒙古自治区，全区现有蒙古族人口约达380
万。自古以来，蒙古族人善于骑射，素有“马背上的民族”(the Peop I e on
Horseback)之称。
参考译文
Mongolia is a legendary nation that once had huge impact on the
history ofasia and Europe。There are about 8.2 million Mongolian
people in total in the whole world.They are mainly distributed in the
three countries of China，Mongolia and Russia.Mongolian costumes
include robes，belts，boots，jewelry,etc.，that vary in different
styles in different regions. Mongolians who live in the territory
of China mainly reside in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，in which
there ale about 3.8 million Mongolian people.Since ancient times，
Mongolian people ale good at riding and shooting.They are known
as“the People on Horseback”.
11. 这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母，并确
保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社报导了_条新闻，来自江
苏市无锡市的一位77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第
一起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。
但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。
参考译文
A new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of
parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently” and make
sure their financial and spiritual needs are met. On Tuesday, Xinhua
reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi
sued her daughter for neglecting her. In the first case after the new
law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must
visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support. But
the law’s introduction has proved controversial. Some say it puts
too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, study or
other opportunities.
12. 谈起我国的吉祥艺术。不得不提鼻烟壶(Snuff bottIe)。尽管它的历史不
长，却浓缩了历史悠久的中国传统文化;尽管鼻烟是舶来品，但鼻烟壶经过中国
能工巧匠的精心打造，很快便成为一个独立的、崭新的工艺术美术品种;尽管它
很袖珍，但集多种工艺之大成，被广大收藏爱好者视为珍贵文玩。鼻烟壶所蕴
含的吉祥文化，不仅在装饰中表现得淋漓尽致，而且还表现在材质、造型等方
面。
参考译文
Snuff bottle is a must-be-mentioned item in terms of art of mascot in
China. Despite its short history, it concentrates the features of
traditional Chinese culture with long history. Snuff bottle
originated from abroad，but it quickly became an independent new work
of art with meticulous efforts by Chinese crafts men. It looks
small，but integrates the culmination of a variety of techniques，and
is deemed by many collectors to be valuable art work. Snuff bottle
implies auspicious culture，which is not only vividly displayed in
decoration，but also in materials，shapes and so on.
13. 维吾尔族(Uygur)是中国的一个少数民族。维吾尔族人喜欢喝奶茶，吃肉和
用面粉烤制的馕(nang)。他们有自己的语言和文字。他们的文学具有一种独特
的民族风格，其中“阿凡提的故事”(the Story of Afanti) 中国各族人民的
喜爱。维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族，每逢节日和婚礼，他们都会邀请客人和
他们一起跳传统民间舞蹈。他们的民歌优美动听，被广泛传唱。
参考译文：
The Uygur is a Chinese ethnic minority. Uygur people like to drink
milk tea, eat meat and nang baked with flour. They have their own
spoken and written languages. Uygur literature is of a unique ethnic
style, among which the Story of Afanti is favored by all ethnic
groups in China. The Uygur people are good at singing and dancing.They will invite guests to join them in their traditional folk dance
in festivals and wedding ceremonies. Their folk songs sound beautiful
and are widely sung.
14. 敦煌是以莫髙窟(Mogao Caves)而著 名的旅游胜地。在古代，敦煌是中国
与其西方邻居之间的贸易中心。随着丝绸之路沿线贸易的蓬勃发展，敦煌迅速
发展为中国历史上国际贸易最开放的地区。敦煌有1000多个石窟是在悬崖上雕
刻出来的。石窟反映了丝绸之路的文明和历史上中国人民的宗教生活、艺术和
习俗的重要方面，其中包括这个时期传入中国的佛教(Buddhism)。敦煌石窟一
直被视为中国的国宝。
参考翻译:
Dunhuang is a renowned tourist resort famous for the Mogao Caves. In
ancient times, Dunhuang was the center of trade between China and its
western neighbors. With the flourishing of trade along the Silk Road,
Dunhuang quickly developed to become the most open area in
international trade in Chinese history. Over 1,000 caves were cut out
of cliffs in Dunhuang. The caves reflect Silk Road civilization and
important aspects of Chinese people's religious life, art, and
customs in history, including the introduction of Buddhism to China
during this period. Dunhuang grottoes have always been regarded as
the national treasure of China.
15. 在中国，水稻生产是国民经济的重要组成部分。中国人早在公元前4000年
就开始了水稻种植，而后逐渐传播到世界各地。目前，中国是世界上最 大的水
稻生产国，水稻产量占世界产量的26%。我国水稻主要种植于长江(the
Yangtze River)沿岸及南方各省份。米饭是中国人，特别是南方人，非常重要
的主食(staple food)。此外，水相还可以用来酿酒、制糖及用作工业原料。
参考译文：
China, rice production is an important part of the national economy.
As early as 4,000 B.C.，the Chinese started rice cultivation which
later gradually spread all over the world. At present, China is the
world's largest producer of rice, producing 26% of the world rice
output. The rice crop in China grows primarily in provinces along the
Yangtze River and In the South. Rice is an important staple food for
Chinese, particularly the southerners. In addition, rice can be used
to make wine and sugar and used as industrial materials.
16. 为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施
和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使
16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿
童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城
市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。参考译文：
In order to promote equity in education, China has invested 36
billion yuan for the improvement of educational facilities in rural
areas and strengthening of rural compulsory education in Midwest.
These funds are used to improve the teaching facilities and purchase
books, which have benefited more than 160,000 primary and secondary
schools. The funds are also used to purchase music and painting
equipments. Now children in rural and mountain areas can have music
and painting lessons as children in coastal cities do. Those students
who once transferred to city schools for a better education now go
back to their local rural schools.
17. 凡到过杭州的游客，肯定都在“自堤”(Bai Causeway)和“苏堤”(Su
Causeway)这两条著 名的长堤上面走过。 据说，是曾在杭州担任地方官(local
official)的中国古代著 名诗人白居易和苏东坡分别主持修筑了这两道 长堤。
事实上，我们今天所见到的“苏堤”不完全是由苏东坡所建，而“白堤”则跟
白居易没有关系。然而，人们为了表示对这两位地方官的敬意，还是用他们的
名字为这两道堤岸命名。
The tourists to Hangzhou must have walked along the two famous
causeways, Bai Causeway and Su Causeway. It is said that Bai Juyi and
Su Dongpo, the two famous Chinese ancientpoets, had been the local
officials in Hangzhou. They had taken change of constructing these
two causeways respectively. In fact, the Su Causeway we see today is
not completely built by Su Dongpo, while Bai Causeway has nothing to
do with Bai Juyi. However, people named these two causeways after
these two local officials to express respects for them.
18. 旗袍(cheongsam)是独具中国特色的女性服饰，在高端时尚的国际世界中日
益流行。它上身容易，穿着舒适，而且特别适合中国女性的身材。旗袍衣领
髙，领部闭合，根据季节和品味不同，旗袍有短袖、中袖和长袖可供选择。旗
袍右侧系扣，胸部宽松，腰部合身。它的好处在于可以使用多种材质，并以不
同长度制作，因此在休闲和正式场合都可穿着。无论身处何种场合，旗袍都给
人带来一种简洁而安静的魅力，显得优雅而整洁。
参考翻译:
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and
enjoys a growing popularity in the international world of high
fashion. Easy to slip on and comfortable to wear, the cheongsam fits
well the female Chinese figure. Its neck is high，collar closed, and
its sleeves may be either short, medium or full length, depending on
seasons and tastes. The dress is buttoned on the right side, with a
loose chest and a fitting waist. The beauty of the cheongsam is that,made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn
either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an
impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness.
19. 中国民间故事(Chinese folktale)是中国文化的财富。它展示了中国人民
如何追求爱情和更美好的生活。中国的故事多种多样，尤其是民间故事。主流
的中国民间故事可以分为两种：一种是关于人们如何为了自己的梦想而奋斗;另
一种是关于人们如何在神的帮助下过上好日子。中国有56个民族，其中55个
是少数民族。民间故事吸收了少数民族的信仰和习俗。
参考翻译:
Chinese folktales are the wealth of Chinese culture. It shows how
Chinese people seek for love and a better life. There are various
Chinese tales, especially the folk tales. The mainstream Chinese
folktales can be classified into two kinds. One is about how people
fight for their dreams, the other is about how people lead a good
life with the help from their gods. In China, there are 56 ethnic
groups in which 55 are the ethnic minorities. Folktales have taken in
the faith and customs of the ethnic minorities.
20. 在中国，北方的冬天在12月和 3月之间，相当寒冷(chilly)。北京的气温
不会在0℃以上，尽管通常会比较干燥和晴朗。长城以北，在内蒙古(Inner
Mongolia)和黑龙江，要冷得多。北方的夏季在5月和 8月之间。北京的气温偶
尔会达到37℃，甚至更高。7月和 8月同时也是这个城市的雨季。春秋季是游
览的最 好季节。白天的气温会在21℃至29℃之间，而且雨水偏少。
参考译文
In China，winters in the North fall between December and March and
are incredibly chilly. Beijing's temperature does not rise above 0℃.
although it will generally be dry and sunny. North of the Great Wall
into Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang.it is much colder Summer in the
North is around May to August. Beijing’s temperature Can
occasionally rise to 37℃and even higher. July and August are also
the rainy months in the city. Spring and autumn are the best seasons
for visiting it. Daytime temperatures are between 21℃and 29℃.and
there is less rain.
21. 茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数 民族。不
同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:大理，丽江古
城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布 达拉宫(Potala Palace)。
古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post ?house),古桥和木板路，还有少数
民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化
和历史价值仍然存在。参考译文：
Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities.
Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and
traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old
city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon,
Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post
houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It is also home to many
national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today,
although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural
and historic values remain.
22. 中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其
独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因
素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。最有影响力、最 具代表性的是鲁、
川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的
“八大菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。
参考译文：
China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory
and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique
abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-
history evolution under the influence of geographical environment,
climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most
influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe,
Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major
Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are
characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its
strong points.
23. 乒乓球在中国是一项颇受欢迎和推崇的运动。长期以来，它的确是中国唯
一的运动，似乎集足球、篮球和棒球于一身，但却更受欢迎。任何人都可以打
乒乓球，所需的只是一副拍子(paddle)、一个球、一张桌子和一张网而已，这
些都易于临时拼凑(improvise)。人们可以在休息间隙或消磨时间时打兵兵球。
在中国的学校、工厂甚至某些公司里，都能找到乒兵球桌。
参考答案：
Table tennis is a sport which gains much popularity and praise in
China. For a long time, it has really been the only sport in China
and seemed to set football, basketball and baseball all rolled into
one, but it was more popular. Anyone can play table tennis, for all
required are a pair of paddles and ball and a table and net, which
are easy to be improvised. People can play it when taking a break or
killing time. You can find table-tennis tables in schools, factories
or even some companies all over China.24. 压岁钱(lucky money )是中国春节习俗中不可缺少的一项元素，是每个孩
子过年时都热切期盼的礼物。除夕夜，家中的长辈会给予未成年的孩子一定数
额的钱，称之为“压岁钱”,据说压岁钱可以使孩子平平安安地度过新的一年。
在中国， 给压岁钱的风俗源远流长，流传至今。它是长辈送给孩子的护身符
(amulet), 代表着长辈对孩子的美好祝福，可以保佑孩子在新的一年里健康吉
利。
参考翻译:
As an indispensable element of the Spring Festival customs in China,
lucky money is a gift that everykid eagerly looks forward to during
the Spring Festival. On Chinese New Year's Eve, the under age kids
can receive a certain sum of cash from the elders in their family,
which is called “lucky money”. It is believed that lucky money can
bless the kids to have a safe and peaceful new year. The custom of
giving lucky money has a long history and spreads up to now in China.
It is an amulet the elders give their kids, representing the elders'
fine wishes for the kids and blessing them with health and good
fortune in the New Year.
25. 赛龙舟(Dragon boat racing)是端午节的一项重要活动，在中国南方尤为
流行。关于这项运动的由来，有一种说法是为了纪念中国古代的著 名爱国诗人
屈原。龙舟的大小和样式多种多样，但一般都带有装饰性的龙头和龙尾。赛龙
舟不仅是一种体育和娱乐活动，它更能体现人们心中的集体主义和爱国主义精
神。赛龙舟现已被列入国 家级非物质文化遗产名录(National Intangible
Cultural Heritage List)。
参考翻译:
Dragon boat racing is an important activity of Duanwu Festival (also
known as Dragon Boat Festival), and is particularly popular in the
south of China. As for its origin, one version is that it is held in
memory of Qu Yuan, a famous patriotic poet in ancient China. The
dragon boats vary in sizes and styles, but they are generally rigged
with decorative Chinese dragon heads and tails. Dragon boat racing is
not only a kind of sports and recreational activities, but also
reflects the spirit of people’s collectivism and patriotism. Dragon
boat racing is now among the National Intangible Cultural Heritage
List.
26. 清明是我国二十四节气(the twenty-four solar terms )之一，一般是在
每年的4月 4日至 6日前后。人们庆祝清明节大约始于东周时代，距今已有两
千五百多年的历史。清明过后，气温逐渐上升，雨水也增多，表明了这是农民
开始安排农耕活动的关键时期。同时，清明也是郊游的大好时节，人们去户外
踏青，并开展一系列消遣和体育活动。更重要的是，清明时节也是一个纪念祖
先和已故亲人的日子。参考翻译:
Qingming is one of the twenty-four solar terms in China, typically
falling on April 4-6 each year. The celebration for the Qingming
Festival can be traced back to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, with a
history of over 2,500 years. After Qingming time, the temperature
begins to rise up and rainfall increases, indicating that it is the
crucial time for the farmers to arrange their farm in activities
accordingly. Meanwhile, it is the high time for spring outing, when
people go out for fresh air, kinds of recreations and sports
activities. More importantly, Qingming is also a period to honour and
to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members.
27.灯谜(lantern riddles )是指写在彩灯上面的谜语。灯谜一般由三部分组
成，即谜面、谜目(hint)和谜底。在灯谜中凡是谜面上有的字，在谜底中不能
再出现。 灯谜里充满着智慧，因此猜谜底显得很有趣，这也使得猜灯谜成为元
宵节的一项不可缺少的活动。灯谜在中国源远流长，可以毫不夸张地说，灯谜
体现着中国人民无穷的智慧。
参考翻译:
Lantern riddles are riddles that are written on the lanterns.
Generally, a lantern riddle consists of three parts, namely the
riddle, the hint and the answer .Any character that appears in the
riddle cannot be in the answer again. Lantern riddles are full of
wisdom, thus working out them can be much fun, which makes guessing
riddles an essential part of the activities in the Lantern Festival.
The lantern riddle has a long history in China, and it is no
exaggeration to say that it is are flection of infinite wisdom of the
Chinese people.
28. 京剧脸谱(Peking Opera facial makeup )是具有民族特色的一种特殊的化
妆方法。由于每个历史人物或某一种类型的人物都有一种大概的类型，就像唱
歌、 奏乐都要按照乐谱(music score ) 一样，所以称为“脸谱”。关于脸谱
的来源， 一般认为脸谱来自假面具。京剧脸谱是广大戏曲爱好者非常喜爱的一
门艺术， 国内外都很流行，被大家公认为是中国传统文化的标志之一。
参考翻译:
Peking Opera facial makeup is a kind of special makeup method with
national characteristic. Since every historical figure or a certain
type of person has an approximate style, like singing, playing music
according to the music score, it's called “facial makeup”. As to
the facial makeup's origin, it is generally considered that it's from
mask. As one of the favorite arts of the traditional opera lovers at
home and abroad, Peking Opera facial makeup has been regarded as one
of the symbols of Chinese traditional culture.29. 中国人很喜欢红色，甚至称自己为“赤子”。红色在中国象征着权力和喜
庆。很多朝代的官服是红色的;在清代，官帽上深浅不同的红色代表了不同的官
位。公文的标题通常也用红色，这就是它们被称为“红头文件(red-head
documents) ”的原因。另外，用于婚礼的双喜字是红色的。春节期间，老人们
也会给小孩子们发红包，当做新年的礼物和祝福。
参考翻译:
We Chinese like the color of red, and even we call ourselves as
Chizi, which means a patriot. In China, red represents the power and
happiness. Official robes of many dynasties were red. In the Qing
Dynasty, different shades of red on the official caps showed
different rankings. Headlines of official documents are often printed
in red. For that reason, it’s called “red-head documents”. In
addition, the Chinese character signifying double happiness used for
weddings is red. During the Spring Festival, elder people will give
Hongbao to the children as gifts and wishes for the new year.
30. “剩女(leftover women)”这个词被用来指那些在二十八九岁，甚至更大
年龄仍未结婚的女性。有些人认为“剩女”是需要认真对待的社会力量,而另一
些人则主张这个词应被视为褒义词，意思是“成功女性”。据2010年的中国婚
姻调查 (Chinese National Marriage Survey)报道，90%的男人认为女人应该
在27岁之前结婚。在中国，大部分“剩女”都是受过良好教育的中产阶级。跟
以前几代人相比，如今的女性更加自由，更能够独立生活。
参考译文：
“Leftover women” is a term that refers to women who remain
unmarried in their late twenties and beyond. Some people regard
leftover women as a social force to be reckoned with, while others
have argued that the term should be taken as a positive term to mean
“successful women”. In a 2010 Chinese National Marriage Survey, it
was reported that 9 out of 10 men believe that women should be
married before they are 27 years old. In China leftover women are
mostly well-educated middle class. Women today are more free and able
to live independently in comparison to previous generations.
31. 很多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种
艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看。烹饪技术和配料在中国各地差别很大。
但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养
(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物，肉类和蔬
菜之间取得平衡。所以中餐美味又健康。
参考译文：
Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is not only regarded
as a skill but also an art. The well/carefully-prepared Chinese foodis tasty and good-looking. The way of cooking and ingredients varies
greatly across China. However, good cooking has one thing in common,
that is, to always concern colors, smell, tastes and nutrition. As
food is vital for man’s health, good cooks are always making efforts
to maintain balance between grains meats and vegetables. Thus,
Chinese food is delicious and healthy.
32. 秀水街形成于1980年，一群有抱负的年轻人在北京秀水东街做起了自己的
生意，当时仅有几个极其简陋的摊位。他们做丝绸及外贸服装生意。尽管简陋
朴素，秀水街的内在魅力还是掩藏(obscure)不住的。当越来越多的摊贩
(vendor)开始售卖中国传统丝绸制品和手工制品，秀水街便因此而得名。北京
秀水街，与长城、故宫、烤鸭这些“北京象征”一起，成为很多海内外游客到
北京旅游的一个地标。
参考翻译:
The Xiushui Street was originated in 1980 when a group of ambitious
youth started their business at Silk Eastern Road, Beijing, with very
simple stalls at that time. They dealt in silk and foreign-trade
apparels. Though simple and crude, the inherent charms of Xiushui
Street could not be obscured. The street got its name when more and
more vendors began to sell traditional Chinese silk products and
crafts. Beijing Xiushui Street, together with the symbols like the
Great Wall, the Imperial Palace, and the Beijing roast duck, become
landmarks of Beijing in the eyes of a lot of tourists from home and
abroad.
33. 香港是仅次于纽约和伦敦的全球第三大金融中心。香港实行“一国两制
(one country, two systems) ”，以良好的治安、自由的经济体系及完善的法
治闻名于世。香港是全球最安全、富裕、繁荣及人均寿命最 长的地区之一。香
港是世界上重要的经济、金融中心和航运枢纽，有“东方之珠”的美誉。同
时，香港还是全球最 受欢迎的旅游胜地之一，很多景点都深受旅客欢迎。
参考翻译:
Hong Kong is the third largest financial center in the world next
only to New York and London. Hong Kong follows the policy of “one
country, two systems”. It is world-renowned for its favorable public
order, free economic system and a sound legal framework. Hong Kong is
one of the safest, the most wealthy and prosperous regions in the
world where people enjoy the longest average life span. As an
important economic and financial center and shipping hub in the
world, Hong Kong has the good reputation of “Pearl of the Orient”.
Besides, Hong Kong is one of the most popular tourist resorts in the
world. Many spots are deeply loved by the tourists.34. 故宫(The Palace Museum )，旧称紫禁城(Forbidden City)，是明、清两
朝(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)的皇宫，位于北京市市中心，前通******，
后倚景山公园，东近王府井街市，西临中南海。故宫是无与伦比的古代建筑杰
作，也是世界现存规模最 大、保存最完整的古代皇宫建筑群，1987年被联合
国教科文组织(UNESCO)评为世界文化遗产。故宫是中华民族的骄傲所在，也是
全人类的珍贵文化遗产。
参考翻译:
The Palace Museum, once called Forbidden City, is the imperial palace
of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Located in central City of Beijing,
it faces Tian’anmen Square in the front, with Jingshan Park at its
back, Wangfujing Street at its east, and Zhongnanhai at its west. The
Palace Museum is anun precedented masterpiece of ancient construction
and the world’s largest and best-preserved architectural complex of
ancient imperial palace at present. It was listed as a world cultural
heritage by UNESCO in 1987. It’s an invaluable cultural heritage of
all human beings as well as the pride of the Chinese nation.
35. 上海，位于东海之滨，长江出海口处，是中国最 大的城市，拥有超过两千
万的人口。上海作为旅漩胜地以其历史地标，如外滩、城隍庙、现代化的浦东
天际线、东方明珠电视塔(Oriental Pearl Tower )而闻名，并享有新世界文化
和设计中心的声誉。如今，上海是中国大陆最 大的商业和金融中心，被称为世
界增长最 快的经济体典范。
参考翻译:
Shanghai, located on China's eastern coast and the mouth of the
Yangtze River, is the largest city in China, with a population of
over 20 million. The city is a tourist attraction famous for its
historical landmarks such as the Bund, City God Temple, the modem
Pudong skyline together with the Oriental Pearl Tower. Shanghai also
enjoys a reputation as a new cosmopolitan center of culture and
design. Today, Shanghai is the largest center of commerce and finance
in mainland China, and has been described as the showpiece of the
world's fastest-growing economy.
36. 总结一年来的工作，我们清醒地看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和
困难。必须坚持把人民群众利益放在第 一位。要切实维护人民群众的经济、政
治和文化权益，着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题，保障城乡困难群众的
基本生活。不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要，是社会主义现代化建设的
根本目的。只有执政为民，我们的各项事业才能获得最 广泛最可靠的群众基础
和力量源泉。
参考翻译:
In reviewing our work of the past year, we clearly see that manyproblems and difficulties remain in our economic and social
development. We must always put the interests of the people first. We
must truly protect the people‘s economic, political and cultural
rights and interests, pay particular attention to solving acute
problems affecting their vital interests, and ensure that poor urban
and rural residents have the basic necessities of life. The
fundamental goal of our socialist modernization drive is to
continually meet the growing material and cultural needs of the
people. Only if we exercise power for the good of the people can we
enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw
from them the strength for accomplishing all our undertakings.
37. 中国饮茶的传统可以追溯到公元前3000多年，但“下午茶”的概念却是到
17世纪中叶(the mid 17th century)才在英国出现的。当时那里时兴的晚餐时
间是晚上8点，所以一位公爵夫人(Duchess)养成了在下午4点约朋友吃糕点的
习惯。很快下午茶成为当时的社会潮流。随东西方文化交流的加深，这个英国
传统逐渐进入中国。如今，下午茶在国内日渐流行起来，尤其是在广东和福建
地区。
参考译文
Although the tradition of drinking tea dates back to more than 3,000
B.C. in China, it was not until the mid 17th century in the UK that
appeared the concept of "afternoon tea". The dinner time then was
popularly late at 8 pm, so a Duchess developed a habit of inviting
Mends to enjoy some cakes at 4 pm in the afternoon. Quickly,
afternoon tea became a fashionable social event. With the cultural
exchanges between the east and the west deepening, this British
tradition was gradually in-traduced into China. Now, afternoon tea is
increasingly popular in China, especially in the area ol Guangdong
and Fijian provinces.
38. 在21世纪，我国出现了的地铁报(Subway newspaper)。北京、上海、广州
等大城市都有自己的地铁报。这些报纸通常在上班离峰期时在地铁站里发放。
越来越多的人因为这些地铁报而重拾文字阅读的习惯。地铁报之所以受欢迎是
因为它们非常了解受众读者(target reader)的需求，及时为他们提供一些名人
(celebrity)动态、娱乐资讯和当地新闻，文章简短且配有丰富的图片。
参考译文
At the beginning of twenty-first century, there appeared free subway
newspapers in our nation. Big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and
Guangzhou, all have their own subway newspapersare usually handed out
at the subway stations in the rush hours. Due to these subwaynewspapers. more and more people pick up the habit of reading words.
Their being popular lies in that they know very well the needs of the
target readers and timely offer some celebrity news, entertainment
information, and local news. The articles are brief with abundant
pictures.
39. 每年随着中国高校开学日期临近，家长们就开始忙着为孩子购置各种物
品。笔记本电脑、手机和银行卡是许多大学新生新学期的“三件套”(three
piece suit)。一些学生还准备了相机、游戏机和其他时尚产品。(trendy
product)。相关学者称这些学生花钱太大手大脚。也有一些家长表示，他们会
满足孩子的基本需求，但是如果孩子想花更多钱或生活得更好，则需要他们自
己去挣钱实现。
参考译文
Every year， as the new school term for colleges and universities in
China is approaching， parents are busy buying all kinds of items for
their children. Laptop， mobile phone and bank cards are the so-
called three-piece suit for many freshmen to start the new term. Some
students also prepare cameras， game players and other trendy
products. Scholars concerned claimed that those students spent too
much. Some parents said that they would satisfy children's basic
needs， but if they wanted higher comsumption or a better life，
children were expected to earn money by themselves.
40. 无论如何，创造财富的物质资源，不论其初始分配如何，最终是要通过各
种各样的渠道，流入到具有企业家精神的人手里，这是自由市场的一个基本趋
势。这些人获得对他人的财富的支配权、使用权，以之为自己创造财富，并积
累财富。这正是自由市场具有效率的根源。它可以动态地、自发地把资源从资
源利用效率较低的人手里转移到资源利用效率较高的人手里。中国人讲“富不
过三代”，其中有一些无奈，但也揭示了自由市场的精髓所在：财富本身并不能
充当财富的保障。因为，财富本来就不是财富创造出来的。
参考答案：
However, no matter how they are allocated in the first place, the
material resources which can create fortune will flow into
entrepreneurs' hands eventually through various channels. It is the
basic tendency of free market. Those people acquire the right of
disposal and the right of use of other people's wealth to create and
accumulate wealth for them. This is the very source of efficiency of
free market. It can dynamically and spontaneously transfers the
resources from the people who are inefficient in resourses use to the
people who are efficient in resources use. There is a Chinese sayingthat “the rich can not last three generations”. It has no
alternative but also reveals some pith and marrow of the free market:
the fortune itself can not be be guraantee of the fortune, because
the fortune is not created by fortune.
41. 岁月悠悠，沧桑巨变。历史是最生动的教材。法西斯发动的侵略战争给人
类带来了浩劫，也教育了世界人民。世界人民赢得了战争的胜利，赢得了和平
与进步。半个世纪过去了，痛苦的回忆，胜利的喜悦，深深的思考，使人们更
加清醒。 历史证明，和平来之不易。世界大战的悲剧绝不能重演。必须经常保
持高度警惕，不断发展和壮大和平力量，遏制和消除导致战争的一切因素。历
史表明，人民终究是自己命运的主人，是社会前进的推动者。凡是正义的和进
步的事业必然要胜利，这是任何力量也扼杀不了和阻挡不住的。
参考答案：
As time moves on everything changes in the world. History is indeed
the most vivid textbook. War of aggression launched by fascists has
brought scourges to mankind but also enlightened people throughout
the world. People have not only won the war but also achieved peace
and progress. Halfa century later the painful memories joy of victory
and soul-search in pondering have made people more sober-minded.
History has demonstrated that peace has not come about easily. The
tragedy of a world war shall never be allowed to repeat itself. One
must always maintain sharp vigilance develop and strengthen forces
for peace and check and eliminate all factors leading to war. History
has demonstrated that people are in the end masters of their destiny
and powerful forces promoting social progress. Anything that is just
and progressive is bound to win and cannot be smothered or stopped by
any force.
42. 乒乓球在中国是一项颇受欢迎和推崇的运动。长期以来，它的确是中国唯
一的运动，似乎集足球、篮球和棒球于一身，但却更受欢迎。任何人都可以打
乒乓球，所需的只是一副拍子(paddle)、一个球、一张桌子和一张网而已，这
些都易于临时拼凑。人们可以在休息间隙或消磨时间时打兵兵球。在中国的学
校、工厂甚至某些公司里，都能找到乒兵球桌。
参考译文：
Table tennis is a sport which gains much popularity and praise in
China. For a long time, it has really been the only sport in China
and seemed to set football, basketball and baseball all rolled into
one, but it was more popular. Anyone can play table tennis, for all
required are a pair of paddles and ball and a table and net, which
are easy to be improvised. People can play it when taking a break orkilling time. You can find table-tennis tables in schools, factories
or even some companies all over China.
43. 在中国，赠送礼物应考虑具体情况和场合。礼物常用红色或其他喜庆的颜
色(festive color)来包装，但白色或黑色不适宜用于此。当你将礼物递出去
时，收礼者(recipient)可能会礼貌谢绝。在情况下试着将礼物再-次送出去。
通常收礼者在客人离开之后才打开礼物。此外，送礼还有—些禁忌(taboo)如给
夫妻送伞就不合适，因为中文里“伞”与“散”同音。
参考译文：
In China, we should consider the specific situation and occasion when
presenting gifts. The gifts are usually packaged in red or other
festive colors. But white and black and not suitable in the
packaging. When you offer the gift, the recipient may refuse it
politely. In this case, you could try to offer the present once
again. Usually, the recipient won't open the gift until the guest
leaves. In addition, there are some taboos in giving gifts. For
example, it is inappropriate to present an umbrella as a gift to a
couple because the word “umbrella” has the same pronunciation with
another word "separate" in Chinese.
44. 现在很多大学鼓励并组织学生参加社会实践活动。在假期，越来越多的学
生选择去做志愿者，兼职打工或参加其他类似的实践活动。显而易见，社会实
践在中国大学教育中正在发挥日益重要的作用。
参考译文：
Nowadays a large number of universities encourage and organize
students to take part in social practice activities. During the
holidays, students in mounting numbers choose to be the volunteers,
take part-time jobs, or take part in other practical activities
alike. It is obvious that social practice is playing an increasingly
essential role in China’s college education.
45.毫无疑问，大学生从社会实践中受益匪浅。首先，他们有更多机会接触校园
之外的真实世界。其次，在社会实践活动中，学生能把他们的理论知识用于解
决实际问题。因此他们的实践技能得到极大提 高。此外，社会实践有助于增强
学生的社会责任感。
参考译文：
Undoubtedly, college students have benefited a lot from social
practice. Above all, they are provided with more opportunities tocontact the real world outside campus. What is more, in social
practice activities, students can apply their theoretical knowledge
to the solution to the practical problems. So their practical skills
are improved greatly. Besides, social practice helps strengthen
students’ sense of social responsibility.
46.考虑到上述论证，大学生必须参加社会实践活动。然而，社会实践可能带来
一些问题。例如，有些学生花费太多时间兼职打工，以至于忽视了他们的学
习。因此，我们应该努力平衡社会实践与学习之间的关系。
参考译文：
Considering the above-mentioned, it is necessary for college students
to participate in social practice. However, social practice may bring
some problems. For example, some students spend too much time in
taking part-time jobs so as to ignore their study. Hence, we should
try to balance the relationship between social practice and study.
47. 长期以来，中美两国人民一直相互抱有浓厚的兴趣和友好的感情。中国人
民欣赏美国人民的开拓进取精神，钦佩美国人民在建设国家中取得的骄人业
绩。随着中国的快速发展和中美合作的不断拓展，越来越多的美国人也把目光
投向中国，更加关注中国的发展进步。
参考译文：
The Chinese and Americans have always had an intense interest in each
other and cared deeply about each other. The Chinese people admire
the pioneering and enterprising spirit of the Americans and their
proud achievement in national development. As China develops rapidly
and steady headways is made in China and US cooperation, more and
more Americans are following with great interest in China's progress
and development.
48. 中国特色社会主义社会是一个变革的社会，是一个开放的社会，是一个不
断发展和完善的社会。改革开放觉得中国命运的重大决策，要贯穿社会主义发
展的过程。只有坚持改革开放，才能不断激发亿万人民的积极性和创造性，解
放和发展生产力，永葆社会主义的生机与活力。
参考译文：
The socialism society with Chinese characteristics is a society of
reforming, a society of opening-up, a society of continuously
developing and improving. The policy of reform and opening-up is a
significant decision which determines China's destiny and will berunning through the whole process of the socialism development. Only
if we adhere to the reform and opening-up policy, can we continuously
stimulate the zest and creativity of billions of people, emancipate
and develop the productive and keep the vigor and vitality of
socialism for good.
49.1 948年春，我们从大学毕业，大家纷纷四处求职。很多人奔赴银行，邮局
申请工作。那时银行与邮局的职位是金饭碗，工作既稳定，收入又颇丰。
参考译文：
In the spring of 1948,we graduated from universities and started our
job-hunting all around. Many people went to banks and post offices to
apply for the jobs. At that time, the positions in banks and post
offices were well-paid jobs, which were stable and with a high
salary.
50. 既然投机有很大的带来损失的风险，我们可能要问为什么还会允许进行投
机呢。根本原因在于投机能在经济发展中发挥有益的功能。由于相信价格会上
涨从而买商品或期货加快了市场均衡，并能鼓励更多的供应商更快地进入市
场。如果价格变化滞后到商品短缺真正出现时才发生，那么价格波动很可能更
为剧烈、突然。采取补救措施增加供应将刻不容缓。类似的，如果投机者预见
到某商品将过剩，他们就会卖出期货，这样做有助于在过剩真正发生之前在一
定程度上降低价格。而当投机者预见到将会出现短缺的时候，就会哄抬物价，
这样做也有助于保存当前的供给。物价上涨时，商品购买量就会变少，因为价
格上涨将促使消费者节约。同样的，物价下跌将促使消费者增加购买，这样就
有助于将正在增加的过剩商品出售出去。
参考译文：
One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a
danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform
useful functions in the market equilibrium and encourages faster
entry of more suppliers. If the price change lagged until after an
actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would
probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not
be further delayed. Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in
some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price
down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When
speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also
helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of
the commodity is purchased; a rise in price encourages users to
economize. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy
more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.51. 中国的儒家文化也强调守信，“信”甚至被作为“五常”中的重要内容确定
下来。在我们的传统文化背景中，人与人之间的信任主要靠靠血缘、姻缘、地
缘、人缘，而不是靠规则，靠契约。近几十年来，雷霆万钧的市场化改革有力
地推动了中国的社会转型，动摇了长期以来形成的血缘、地缘与业缘关系，冲
击了传统的熟人社会网络关系和熟人信任。市场经济的发展促使陌生人之间的
信任逐渐增加，按规则办事成为越来越多的中国人的行为习惯。在经济全球化
的背景下，中国人只有遵守规则，才能尽快地融入国际社会。抛弃契约精神耍
弄小聪明的人，无视契约精神把小聪明用的极好的民族，最终将丧失获取大智
慧的机会。在现代化的洪流中，中国不仅需要更多的资金、技术和科学管理，
更需要契约精神。
参考译文：
Chinese Confucian culture also values fidelity, which even has been
fixed as a key point in “Five Constant Virtues(benevolence,
righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity).In our traditional
culture background, the interpersonal trust is mainly relied on
consanguinity, marriage affinity, geographical and personal ties
rather than on rules and contracts. In recent decades, the market-
oriented reform pushes the transition of Chinese society with the
force of a thunderbolt, shaking the long-established blood,
geographic and working relationship and impacting the traditional
acquaintances social networks and the trust between acquaintances.
The development of market economy promotes the increasing trust
between strangers, forming gradually the practices of more and more
people acting in accordance with rules. Under the globalization of
world economy, only obeying the rules can Chinese enter into
international society as soon as possible. Those who want to live by
their wits regardless of the contract spirit or that kind of people
will lose the opportunity of achieving great wisdom. In the torrent
of modernization, China needs not only more capital, technology and
scientific administration, but also the contract spirit.
52. 我们的现代化建设，必须从中国的实际出发。无论是革命还是建设，都要
注意学习和借鉴外国经验。但是，照抄照搬别国经验、别国模式，从来不能得
到成功。这方面我们有过不少教训。把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实
际结合起来，走自己的道路，建设有中国特色的社会主义，这就是我们总结长
期历史经验得出的基本结论。
参考译文：
Our country's modernization must start from the reality of China.
Either on the revolution or the construction we need to learn and
draw the experience from the foreign countries. But we will never winthe success if we mechanically copy other countries' experience or
formats. We have already had the lesson in this aspect. It is the
basic conclusion which we summarized the long-term historical
experience that we should combine the Marxism's universal truth with
our specific situation together, walking on our own roads and
building up the socialism with Chinese characteristic.
53. 我的电脑还没联网，也想过要和Internet 联上。据说，网上黄毒泛滥，还
有些反动的东西在传播，这些说法把我吓住了。前些时候有人建议对网络加以
限制，我很赞成。说实在的，哪能容许信息自由的传播。但假如我对这件事还
有点了解，我要说：除了一剪子剪掉，没有什么限制的方法。那东西太快，太
邪门了。现在社会信息爆炸，想要审查太困难，不如禁止方便。假如我做生
意，或者搞科技，没有网络会有些困难。但我何必为商人、工程师们操心?在信
息高速网上，海量的信息在流动。但是我，一个爬格子的，不知道他们也能
行。所以，把Internet剪掉吧，省得我听了心烦。
参考译文：
My computer is still not online, and I've thought about getting
connected to the Internet. But I've heard there's a lot of
pornography and nasty things spreading on the Internet, as well as
some reactionary political stuff, which scares me a lot. Recently
some people suggested that the use of Internet should be imposed on
some restrictions. I couldn't agree more. Surely, how can we allow
the free flow of information? But if I understand a little more about
the situation, then I should say: “other than just cutting it all
off clean, there's really no way to put limits on it.” That stuff is
just so fast, so amazing. With the information explosion, it's too
difficult to censor it all—banning it would be easier. If I were in
business, or doing scientific and technological work, it would be
difficult for me without internet. But why should I worry for
businessmen and engineers? There is indeed a vast ocean of
information flowing on the information super highway. But for someone
like me who writes for a living, I can get along without it. So I
say: cut of the Internet completely so that I don't have to be
bothered with it.
54. 目前，亚洲的发展面临着新的机遇，也面临着新的挑战。亚洲总体上依然
是当今世界最 具经济活力和发展潜力的地区。经济全球化的深入发展和科学技
术的迅猛进步，有利于亚洲各国利用国际资本，引进先进技术，开拓国际市
场，推动本国经济的发展。但是亚洲某些地区的安全形势仍不容乐观，反对恐
怖主义的斗争尚待深入。经济全球化在带来发展机遇的同时，也增加了国际经
济环境的不确定性，增加了本地区内发展中经济体结构调整的难度和遭遇外部
冲击的风险。参考译文：
At present, the development of Asia is facing new challenges as well
as opportunitis. As a whole, Asia is still the region with the
greatest economic vigor and potential for development in the world.
The further development of the economic globalization and the rapid
advancement of science and technology make it possible for the
various countries in Asia to use the international capitals and
introduce new technologies and to explore the international market so
as to promote the economic growth of their own countries. However, we
can not be too optimistic over the security situation in some regions
of Asia and the anti- terroism struggles need further developing.
Having brought the opportunities for development, the economic
globalization makes the international economy even more uncertain,
and it is more difficult to restructure the economies in their own
regions. And also it makes these countries more likely to be impacted
by external risks.
55. 在找工作的过程中，有面试，就有曙光。面试的成功与否，除了面试官如
何看你的条件及个人素质外，主要取决于他们如何评价你在面试中总的表现，
因此，有必要把它当作一场演出或比赛来看待，其目的是向面试官推销自己，
让他们感到你是干这项工作的最 佳人选。大多数人在面试中处于被动地位，竭
尽全力回答提出的任何问题。一种更好的方法是控制局面，给面试官提供你想
给他们的信息，而不是他们想从你这儿发现的信息：使他们有信心，绝 对相信
你是能胜任这项工作的人选，让他们几乎没有理由相信你不能胜任。信心不仅
仅来自你作出的回答，也产生于你的外表以及你表现出来的热情、精力、自
信、个人品质和雄心壮志。大多数面试者没能得到工作的主要原因就是他们没
能使面试官对他们产生信心。他们败下阵来并非是他们不能胜任这项工作，而
是他们对自己能胜任工作的自信没能在面试中表现出来。他们的自我推销做得
还不够。大多数人之所以这样是因为他们在面试时很紧张，如果每次面试后都
没有得到工作，不少人觉得自己是失败者并变的更为焦虑。这是不实际的。大
多数面试者都将被拘之门外。不要想自己是否会得到这份工作。只需专心参加
面试，并竭尽所能，工作自然就会有着落了。
参考译文：
In the process of finding a job, where there is an interview, there
is hope. Whether you succeed or not depends not only on how the
interviewers look at your qualifications and you personal qualities,
mainly depend on how they evaluate your performance in interviews,
therefore, it's necessary to retreat it as an performance or a
contest with the aim to market yourself to the interviewers and make
them feel that you are the best to do the job. Most interviewees arein the positive position and try their best to answer all the
questions in the interviews. One better way is to control the
situation and provide the information that you want to offer, but not
the information that they want to find from you: to make them have
confidence and absolutely believe that you are the best choice and to
make them almost have no reason to believe you can't do it.
Confidence not only comes from your answers, also from your
appearance and your enthusiasm, energy, confidence, personal quality
and ambition. The main reason that most interviewees can't get the
job is that they can't make the interviewers become confident in
them. They failed not because they can't do the job well, but because
they didn't show their confidence during the interview. They didn't
do self-marketing well. Most people do so because they are nervous,
if they can't get the job after each interview, many people will feel
that they are loser and become more anxious. It is not practical.
Most interviewers will be refused. Don't think whether you can get
the job or not. You only need to concentrate on interview and try
your best, you naturally can get the job.
56. 福建福信一珍生物工程有限公司是由福建省洪山企业集团公司与香港福信
投资有限公司合资兴办的高科技企业，注册资本两千万元人民币。公司拥有雄
厚的技术力量，大中专学历以上的技术，管理人才占员工总数的百分之三十以
上，并与国内多家科研机构建立了紧密型的合作关系。
参考译文：
Fujian Fuxin Yizhen Bio-engineering Co., Ltd is ahigh-tech joint
venture cofounded by HongshanGroup and Hong Kong Fuxin
InvestmentCo.,Ltd, with registered capital up to 20 million RMB. The
company is in possession of abundant technical resources, technical
and managerial talents above college or polytechnic school account
for 30% of its staff. What's more, tightly-knit partnership has been
established with a number of domestic scientific research
institutions.
57.公司以“唯公有福，唯诚有信”的福信企业精神和“团结，拼搏，务实，创
新，奉献”的洪山集团企业精神为动力，锐意进取，蒸蒸日上。
参考译文：
Treasuring the spirit of honesty of Fuxin and adhering to the spirit
of unity, hardwork, realism, innovation and sacrifice” of Hongshan,
the company is advancing with vigor and enthusiasm and will become
more and more prosperous.58. 了解是信任的基础。今天，我愿从中华文明历史流变和现实发展的角度，
谈谈当代中国的发展战略和前进方向，希望有助于美国人民更全面、更深入地
了解中国。
参考译文：
Understanding leads to trust. Today, I would like to speak to you
about China's development strategy and its future against the
backdrop of the evolution of the Chinese civilization and China's
current development endeavor. I hope this will help you gain a better
understanding of China.
59. 股票价格因为当前的金融危机已大幅度下跌。虽然目前还不肯定是否已见
底，但小投资者还是可考虑趁目前的低价买进一些从前遥不可及的蓝筹股。如
果你决定投资了，应避免犯以下的错误。
参考译文：
Stock prices have fallen considerably during the current economic
malaise. Although there is the risk stock markets may not have
bottomed, the current low stock prices offer an opportunity for
retail investors to gradually invest in selected blue chip stocks
that may have previously been out of reach. In the event that you
decide to invest, here is a list of pitfalls you should avoid.
60. 几个世纪以来，中国在自然中寻求灵感和自知之明(self- knowledge)。
因此，在中国园林中引发自然世界。由于城市土地一直 昂贵，中国城市的园林
相对都比较小，但是每一个中国园林都致力 于岩石、植物、水看起来比它实际
上要更好，因为中国的园林设计 师用巧妙的方式带领游客从一个独特的有利视
角(vantage point)到另有利视角。
参考译文：
For centuries, the Chinese have sought inspiration and self-
knowledge in nature. Hence, the gardens in China evoke the natural
world. Because land has always been expensive in cities，urban China
gardens are relatively small, but the space of every Chinese garden
devoted to rocks，plants and water seems much greater than it
actually is because of the clever ways in which Chinese garden
designers lead the visitor from one unique vantage point to another.
61. 尽管音乐对每个人来说，都再熟悉不过了，但是几乎每个人对 这门艺术都
有自己的观点看法。什么音乐算是好的音乐，这是见仁 见智的。各个音乐风格
都有自己的经典音乐作品流行的并不完全等 于经典的。一个好的音乐作品，是创作者(creator)和演奏者(performer) 双方共同努力的结果，二者相辅相成，
缺一不可。
参考译文：
While music is familiar to virtually everyone it is an art, about
which everyone has an opinion. What defines “great” music is, very
much, a personal issue. There is “great” music in every style but
what is popular does not always define the quality. Music is a joint
effort between the creator and the performer and one cannot exist
without the other.
62. 中国旅游研究院(China Tourism Academy)表示，大陆游客 (mainland
tourist)在海外旅游上花费了 420亿美元。同时，海外游客 (overseas
tourists)只花了 380亿美元在中国大陆，同比下降7%。虽 然2009的官 方统
计数据还没有公布，研究院估计2009年的旅游赤字将是4亿——中国旅游业首
次赤字。
参考译文：
China Tourism Academy, said that mainland tourists spent some $42
billion in overseas destinations. At the same time，overseas tourists
spent only $38 billion on the mainland, down by 7 percent year- on-
year. Though official statistics for 2009 are yet to be released, the
academy estimated that the tourism deficit will stand at $4 billion
in 2009 —the first ever tourism deficit in China.
63. 孙大圣是中国古典文学名著《西游记》(Journey to the West)中 的一个
主要的人物。他是唐僧(Tang Monk)第 一个徒弟。其实在中国， 他最 受欢迎
的名字不是“孙大圣”，而是“孙悟空”，这是教他72变 的第 一个师傅给他
起的名字。“悟”的意思是“启迪”。“空”的意 思是“无”，这是佛学
(Buddhism)中最重要的一个认识。在佛学中， 人必须放弃欲望和所有对财富、
名声的渴望，以培养自己为佛。
参考译文：
Monkey King is one of the main characters in Chinese classic
literature masterpiece “Journey to the West". He is the first
disciple of Tang Monk. Actually in Chinese，his most popular name is
not “M&111nkey King” but “Sun Wukong，which was given by his first
Master who taught him the 72 supernormal abilities. “Wu” means
enlightening. “Kong” means emptiness，which is one of the most
important understandings in Buddhism. In Buddhism, one has to give up
every human desire and all attachments including the attachments towealth and fame etc, in order to cultivate oneself into a Buddha.
64. 上个月中国服务产业有了较快增长，这加快了国家经济增长。 根据北京国
家统计局(Beijing-based National Bureau of Statistics)和中 国物流与采
购联合会(China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing)的 数据，非制造
业釆购经理人指数(the non-manufacturing Purchasing Managers" Index) 二
月份的时候从54.5上升到55.6，而摩根斯坦利亚太指数(the HSBC Holdings
Pic and Markit Economics indexes)从 52.1上升到54.3，达到5月以来的最
高水平。
参考译文：
The Chinese service industries grew at a faster pace last month which
helped to accelerate the nation’s economy growth. According to the
figures from Beijing-based National Bureau of Statistics and China
Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, the non-manufacturing
Purchasing Managers’ Index rose to 55.6 from 54.5 in February, while
the HSBC Holdings Pic and Markit Economics indexes rose to from 52.1
to 54.3, its highest level since May.
65. 尽管图书的种类多种多样，但从本质上说，它们都可以被分为 两大类,即
纪实题材(fact)与小说题材。有时二者之间很难辨别，因 为许多小说都是围绕
着(mixed)现实事件和真实人物来进行创作的。 纪实题材的书籍包括:历史书，
教科书，旅行手记，手册指南(manual) 和自传(autobiography)等。
参考译文：
There are many, many different types of books but, essentially, flies
come in two categories, fact or fiction. Sometimes it is hard to
distinguish between the two, because some fiction stories are mixed
around true event and refer to real life people. The types of books
that are included in the factual category are history books, text
books, travel books, manuals and autobiographies.
66. 杭州历史悠久，是中国的七大古都之一，是国家首批命名的历史文化名
城，有“上有天堂、下有苏杭”的美誉。
参考译文：
Renowned as one of China's seven Ancient Capitals, historic Hangzhou
is proudly among the first group of cities that the central
government designated as Historic and Cultural City. Hangzhou shares
with Suzhou the ultimate fame of Paradise on Earth.67.自秦朝设县治以来，至今已有2200多年的历史。杭州是华夏文明的发祥地
之一，早在8000多年前，就有人类在此繁衍生息。距今5000多年的良渚文化
被史界称为“文明的曙光”。杭州曾是五代吴越国和南宋王朝两代建都地，被
13世纪意大利旅行家马可•波罗赞叹为“世界上最 美丽华 贵之城”。
参考译文：
Hangzhou's history goes back over 2,200 years to the Qin Dynasty
which first brought in the rule of County System. There are also
vidences which prove the existence of human settlement early as 8,000
years ago, affirming Hangzhou as one of the cradles for the Chinese
Civilization. Again, the local Liangzhu Culture that emerged 3,000
years later comes to be known as the Dawn of Civilization.
Marco Polo, the Italian traveler of the 13th century, lauded Hangzhou
as "the world's most magnificent and noble city."
68. 在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场
合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红
信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联
系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书
写，用红墨水写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯行为。
参考译文：
The color of red in Chinese culture usually means good luck,
longevity and happiness. Red can be found everywhere during Chinese
Spring Festival and other joyous occasions. Cashes often in red
envelopes are sent to family members or close friends as gifts. Its
popularity can also be attributed the fact that people associate it
with Chinese revolution and Communist Party. However, it does not
always equal to good luck and joy in that the name of the dead used
to be written in red. Using red ink to write names of Chinese people
were seen as an offense.
69. “汉语桥”世界大学生中文比赛(the "Chinese Bridge" Chinese
Proficiency Competition for Foreign College Students)是由国家汉办(the
Office of Chinese Language Council International)主办的大规模国际性比
赛。到目前为止，这个一年一度的比赛已经成功举办了12届。今年的决赛共有
来自77个不同国家的123名选手(contestant)参加。该赛旨在激发各国学生学
习汉语的兴趣及加强世界对汉语和中国文化的了解。 同时，这个比赛也建立起
中国年轻大学生和其他国家学生之间沟通的桥梁。
参考译文The "Chinese Bridge" Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreign
College Students is a large-scale international competition sponsored
by the Office of Chinese Language Council International So far this
yearly event has been successfully held for 12 times. A total of 123
contestants from 77 different countries participated in the finals
this year. The "Chinese Bridge" Competition aims to arouse the
interest of students in various countries in learning Chinese and
strengthen the world's understanding of Chinese language and culture.
It also builds a communication bridge between young college students
of China and other countries.
70. 对龙图腾他的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。中国龙是古人将鱼、
蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。 中国龙的形
成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞、开
拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。
译文
Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the
last 8,000 years. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or
long) a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse
and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial
phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the
multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese,
the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.
71. 筷子(chopsticks)是中国古人发明的一种具有鲜明民族特色的进食工具
(tableware)，是反映中国饮食文化特色的重要组成部分。中国人使用筷子的历
史可追溯到商代，距今已有三千多年。筷子可谓是中国国粹，既轻巧又灵活，
在世界各国餐具中独树一帜，被西方人誉为“东方的文明”。凡是使用过筷子
的人，不论中国人或是外国人，都因其使用方便、物美价廉而赞叹不绝。
参考译文：
Chopsticks, invented by ancient Chinese people, are a kind of
tableware with distinct national features, being an important
component that reflects the characteristics of Chinese diet culture.
The history of using chopsticks in China dates back to the Shang
Dynasty, more than3,000 years ago. Chopsticks, the quintessence of
Chinese culture, whose lightness and flexibility develop a school of
its own among various tableware all over the world, are praised as
"Eastern Civilization" by the westerners. All those people who have
ever used chopsticks, no matter Chinese or foreigners, marvel at
their convenience, excellent quality and reasonable price.72. 几个世纪以来，中国在自然中寻求灵感和自知之明(self- knowledge)。
因此，在中国园林中引发自然世界。由于城市土地一直 昂贵，中国城市的园林
相对都比较小，但是每一个中国园林都致力 于岩石、植物、水看起来比它实际
上要更好，因为中国的园林设计 师用巧妙的方式带领游客从一个独特的有利视
角(vantage point)到另有利视角。
参考译文：
For centuries, the Chinese have sought inspiration and self-
knowledge in nature. Hence, the gardens in China evoke the natural
world. Because land has always been expensive in cities，urban China
gardens are relatively small, but the space of every Chinese garden
devoted to rocks，plants and water seems much greater than it
actually is because of the clever ways in which Chinese garden
designers lead the visitor from one unique vantage point to another.
73. 长江全长6000多米，是中国以及亚洲最 长的河流。它发源于青藏高原，
流经11个省，往东注入东海。长江流域居住着约4亿人，其中少数民族人口约
占6%。从唐朝以来，长江流域一直是中国的经济中心，同时也是中国现代工业
的起源地。但是，目前长江流域的经济发展很不平衡，河流三角洲地区发达，
而上游区域相对落后。
参考译文
The Yangtze River, as the longest river in China and Asia, is more
than 6,000 meters long. Flowing through 11 provinces, it originates
the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and empties into the East Sea. There are
approximately 400 million people living in the Yangtze Basin, among
which the ethical minorities account for about 6%.The Yangtze Basin
has been the economic center since Tang Dynasty, and was the
birthplace of China's modern industry. However, presently the
economic development in the basin is imbalanced, generally developed
in the Delta region and relatively backward in the upper basin.
74. 就像向中国出售商品的公司会看到收益有损失一样，中国经济 活动放缓有
着世界性的影响。包括澳大利亚、巴西和东南亚在内的 其他国家近年来都看到
了巨大的利润，因为中国对自然资源有需求。 中国的需求下降巳经对很多商品
的价格有了影响。上周，中国财政 部长楼继伟表示,今年的经济增长可能为
7%,而这不一定是“底线”。
参考译文
A slowdown in economic activity in China has a global impact as
companies that sell to China may see revenues suffer. Countriesincluding Australia, Brazil and others in South East Asia have seen
huge profits in recent years because of Chinese demand for natural
resources. The fall in demand from China has already had an impact on
the prices of many commodities. Last week，China’s Finance Minister
Lou Jiwei indicated that economic growth could be 7% for the year,
and that this may not be the “bottom line”.
75. 许多刚毕业的大学生找不到工作，在校学生则担心他们的未来。 多个调查
显示，三分之二的中国毕业生想在政府或者国有企业工作， 而不是为中国令人
瞩目的经济增长提供动力的民营企业。政府和国 有企业被认为能免受经济萧条
的影响。如今几乎没有大学生愿意放 弃政府的铁饭碗而下海、加入初创企业或
自己创业。
参考译文
Many recent college graduates can’t find a job and students are
fearful about their future. Two-thirds of Chinese graduates say they
want to work either in the government or state-owned firms，which are
seen as recession-proof, rather than at the private companies that
have powered China’s remarkable economic climb, surveys indicate.
Few college students today, according to the surveys, are ready to
leave the safe shores of government work and jump into the sea to
join startups or go into business.
76. 茶文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，有着悠久的历史。一代代的种植
者和生产者使中国制茶工艺变得日臻完善。茶和中国文化有着极其紧密的联
系。茶研究涉及的范围很广，有着丰富的内容。中国茶可以分为五类。每一种
都有不同于其他种类的味道和外观。绿茶是办公室职员的最 佳 选择，它有助
于防止电脑辐射 (computer radiation)，补充人体水分(moisture content)。
参考答案：
With a long history, tea culture is an important part of Chinese
traditional culture. Generations of growers and producers have
perfected the Chinese way of manufacturing tea. Tea has an extremely
close relationship with Chinese culture. The study of tea covers a
wide field and has a very rich content. Chinese tea can be classified
into five categories. Each kind is different from others in flavor
and appearance. Green tea is the best option for office workers since
it can help prevent computer radiation and supplement moisture
content of the human body.
