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大学英语六级话题词汇小灶课讲义-3
Read the following two passages below, then translate the highlighted words in the
sentences.
阅读下面段落，把黑体突出的单词翻译成中文。（尽可能记住这些单词。）
Passage5
Li Ming grew up in a modest urbanised district where opportunities were scarce and
dreams often stayed locked away in dusty closets—both literally and figuratively. In his
neighbourhood, it was prevalent to settle for the average and avoid any change that might
inhibitstability.
But Li Ming craved more. He refused to let the stigma of his humble background
oppresshis ambitions.
When a local youth forum announced a national innovation conference, Li Ming saw
his chance. It wasn’t easy. The registration fee came at a premium he could barely afford,
and his friends warned him about the awkward discrepancybetween rural dreamers and
polished urbanprofessionals.
Still, Li Ming made a pledge to attend. Using his part-time retail paycheck, he
allocated achunkfor travel, even selling someoldaccessories to make uptherest.
At the conference, his talk on fiscal equity in small towns caught the attention of an
amiable overseer from the National Youth Commission. She offered him a chance to
implement his ideas in a pilot project. Some people thought it was absurd—a young man
withouta degree taking onsuch arole—but Li Mingpressed on.
Soon, he was managing a repository of community projects, deploying volunteers, and
marshalling resources to alleviate unemployment. His work highlighted how small-scale
reforms couldpropagateinto nationwidechange.
Not everyone approved. A local monopoly tried to blackmail him into cancelling a plan
that threatened their profits. When he refused, they spread ambiguous rumours and even
accused him of malpractice. But Li Ming knew how to comply with the law withoutcompromising his mission. He sought legal advice, avoided any illicit dealings, and won the
public’s consensus.
Years later, Li Ming stood before the national congress, delivering a speech on youth-
led development. The gale of applause seemed to permeate every corner of the hall. At that
moment,he remembered histiny room—theplace where he hadfirst dared to dream.
He had turned what others saw as a deficit into leverage, proving that even the most
redundantcircumstances couldbrew something truly awesome.
Passage6
Li Ming’s eco-startup had once been a pioneer in sustainable urban farming, but a
sudden loss of a high-profile client threatened to shatter years of progress. His lawyer
offered counsel on potential tax deductions, but even optimistic calculations could barely
scratch the surface of the deficit. The official protocol for appeals was slow, and as founder,
Li Mingfelt itwas hisduty to keep paying hisstaff.
With uncertainty looming, he joined a coalition of local entrepreneurs lobbying for
subsidies, hoping to gain momentum. At a trade fair, his eco-friendly merchandise drew
interest, but rival companies tried to marginalise him with rumours. In response, he decided
to slash prices, turning his booth into the best bargain in the venue and winning back
customers.
Still, new zoning laws meant he had to adhere to complicated regulations. Some
competitors alleged the policy was biased, and while Li Ming could anticipate delays, he
stayed focused oncompliance,aware that legal disputes could be detrimental to recovery.
To cut costs, he trimmed non-essential spending and shifted production in bulk to
secure better supplier terms. Partnerships within the coalition proved conducive to growth,
as orders began to converge from schools, restaurants, and retail chains. His persistence
eventually culminated ina sustainability award from thecity council, setting a precedent for
othersmall farms.The path forward was still risky. The market was volatile, outsourced logistics caused
delays, and a shortage ofmaterials threatened productivity.Yet Li Ming sawevery peril as a
test of endurance. He learned to refrain from impulsive reactions, choosing a relentless but
steady approach.
Even when facing online harassment and aggressive competition, he didn’t allow fear
to undermine his confidence. He embedded strict waste-reduction policies, eliminating
disposableplastics entirely, and used profits to compensate employees for their commitment.
Every contract stipulated clear terms, ensuring the validity of agreements and protecting
against future disputes.
By the company’s tenth anniversary, Li Ming had transformed a bleak outlook into a
success story. Standing before his cohesive team, he realised survival had never been about
luck—it was built on discipline, adaptability, and the refusal to quit when the storm was at
itsfiercest.参考答案：
Passage5：
李明成长在一个普通的城市化（urbanised）地区，这里机会稀少，梦想常常被锁
在布满灰尘的壁橱（closets）里——无论是字面上的，还是象征意义上的。在他的社
区里，安于平均（average）水平、避免任何可能抑制（inhibit）稳定的变化，是一种
普遍（prevalent）的现象。
但李明渴望（craved）更多。他拒绝让卑微出身的污名（stigma）去压迫
（oppress）自己的抱负。
当本地青年论坛（forum）宣布将举办全国创新会议（conference）时，李明看到
了机会。这并不容易。报名费是一笔他几乎付不起的高价（premium)，而朋友们提醒
他，来自乡镇的梦想家和精致的城市（urban）专业人士之间存在一种令人尴尬
（awkward）的差异（discrepancy)。
尽管如此，李明还是保证（pledge）自己要参加。他用兼职零售（retail）工作的
工资（paycheck)，分配（allocated)出一大块（chunk）用于差旅费，甚至卖掉了一些
旧配饰（accessories）来补齐剩下的费用。
在会议上，他关于小镇财政（fiscal）公平的演讲，引起了国家青年委员会
（commission）一位和蔼可亲（amiable)的监督者（overseer）的注意。她给了他一个
机会，将他的想法实施（implement）在试点项目中。有人觉得这很荒谬（absurd)—
—一个没毕业的年轻人来担任这样的重要职位——但李明坚持了下来。
很快，他开始管理一个社区项目的储备库（repository)，部署（deploy）志愿者，
统筹（marshalling）资源以缓解（alleviate）失业问题。他的工作凸显（highlighted）
了小规模改革如何能够传播（propagate）成全国性的变革。但并不是所有人都支持他。一家地方垄断（monopoly）企业试图勒索（blackmail）
他，让他取消会威胁他们利润的计划。当他拒绝时，他们散布含糊（ambiguous）的
谣言，甚至指控他渎职（malpractice)。但李明知道如何遵守（comply）法律而不牺牲
使命。他寻求法律建议，避免任何非法（illicit）行为，并赢得了公众的共识
（consensus)。
多年后，李明站在国家国会（congress）的讲台上，发表关于青年引领发展的演
讲。掌声如同大风（gale）一样渗透（permeate）到大厅的每一个角落。那一刻，他
想起了自己那间狭小的房间——那个他第一次敢于做梦的地方。
他把别人眼中的赤字（deficit）变成了杠杆（leverage)，证明即使是最多余
（redundant）的处境，也能酿造（brew)出真正令人惊叹（awesome）的成果。
Passage6：
李明的环保初创公司曾是可持续城市农业的（pioneer）先驱，但一次失去高调
（high-profile）客户的事件几乎让他多年的努力粉碎（shatter）。律师给了他一些关
于潜在税收减免（deductions）的法律建议（counsel），但即使是最乐观的计算，也
只能触及表面（scratch），无法填补巨大的赤字。上诉的官方程序（protocol）缓慢，
而作为创始人，李明觉得维持员工薪资是自己的责任（duty）。
随着不确定性逼近（looming），他加入了一个本地企业联盟（coalition），共同
推动政府补贴，希望借此获得动力（momentum）。在一次交易会上，他的环保商品
（merchandise）吸引了关注，但竞争对手试图边缘化（marginalise）他，并散布谣言。
作为回应，他决定大幅削减（slash）价格，把展位变成全场最划算的特价（bargain），
重新赢回客户。
然而，新出台的分区法规迫使他必须遵守（adhere）繁琐的规定。一些竞争者声
称 （alleged）政策有偏向，李明虽然能预见（anticipate）延误，但依然专注于合规
（compliance)，深知法律纠纷会对复苏造成不利（detrimental）影响。
为了降低成本，他裁减（trim）非必要开支，并将生产转为批量（bulk）方式，
以争取更好的供应商条件。与联盟（coalition）内企业的合作被证明对发展有利（conducive），订单开始从学校、餐馆和零售连锁汇聚（converge）而来。他的坚持
最终以……告终 （culminated）于获得市政厅颁发的可持续发展奖，并为其他小型农
场树立了先例（precedent）。
前路依然充满风险。市场动 （volatile），外包物流（outsourced）导致延误，原
材料短缺威胁生产力（productivity）。然而，李明把每一次危险（peril）都当作耐力
（endurance）的考验。他学会了克制（refrain）冲动反应，采取不懈（relentless）而
稳健的策略。
即使面对网络骚扰（harassment）和激烈的竞争，他也不允许恐惧削弱
（undermine）信心。他将严格的减废政策嵌入（embed）企业管理，彻底消除一次性
（disposable）塑料，并用利润补偿（compensate）员工的付出。每份合同都规定
（stipulated）明确条款，确保协议的有效性（validity），防止未来纠纷。
在公司成立十周年之际，李明将一个原本暗淡（bleak）的前景转化成了成功案例。
站在具有凝聚力（cohesive）的团队面前，他意识到，企业的存续从来不是运气，而是
纪律（discipline）、适应力（adaptability），以及在风暴最猛烈时依然不肯放弃的决
心。
