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上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
上海交通大学附属中学 2022-2023 学年度第二学期
高二英语期中试卷
第Ⅰ卷
I. Listening Comprehension: (25%)
Section A : Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the
end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and
the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,
read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the
question you have heard.
1. A. Learning to drive. B. Buying the insurance.
C. Buying a car. D. Taking a plane.
2. A. At an airport. B. At a police station.
C. At a travel agency. D. At a hotel.
3. A. Customer and shop assistant. B. Trainer and trainee.
C. Customer and travel agent. D. Guide and tourist.
4. A. Cantonese food. B. Shanghai food.
C. Hunan food. D. None of the above.
5. A.7 days. B.1 year. C. Anytime. D. Two years.
6. A. She will sell it to buy a bookstore. B. She is changing it into a bookstore.
C. She will rent it to a bookstore owner. D. She is still hesitating about it.
7. A. Because of the cool air-conditioner. B. Because of the dressing code.
C. Because of his politeness. D. Because of the weather forecast.
8. A. She lost her purse. B. She forgot to bring money.
C. She failed to attend the concert. D. She was unable to get the student discount.
9. A. He was sorry for the woman's absence.
B. He was happy about the woman's absence,
C. He suggested the woman bring her daughter.
D. He suggested the woman visit the university.
10. A. Taylor is unlikely to change his behavior.
B. She thinks Taylor has turned over a new leaf.
C. Tailor is changing at such a speed as a leopard.
D. She is surprised but satisfied with Taylor's change.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you
will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers
第 1 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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on your paper; and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. They are remarkably intelligent birds.
B. They can please a princess by sending roses.
C. They have a sense of environmental protection.
D. They have been trained to be rubbish collectors.
12. A. Nicolas de Villiers is the initiator of the crow rubbish picking campaign.
B. The idea of crow garbage collecting is rewarding the crows for their efforts.
C. The purpose of the crow garbage collectors is just to clean the environment.
D. The experiment of crow garbage collecting is different from that of crow intelligence.
13. A. Innovative cleaners of the environment.
B. Close supervisors of the theme park.
C. Bird exhibits to please park-goers.
D. Magical birds to train people.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Competitive and flexible personalities decide their achievement.
B. Their sensitivity to the surroundings leads to their success.
C. They share the idealistic personalities and pursue perfection.
D. Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates are middle children.
15. A. Scientists. B. Classical music players.
C. Artists. D. Chief executive officials.
16. A. Birth order affects family size. B. Birth order influence career paths.
C. How people achieve their success. D. Family size plays a part.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Because of their durability. B. Because they are symbols of status.
C. Because of the trend in fashion. D. Because they look quite appealing.
18. A. The man was the creator of jeans. B. The man applied for a patent for jeans.
C. It led to the popularity of jeans. D. It led to a flood of fake products.
19. A. They are durable and wash easily.
B. They appear on sex and violence ads.
C. They win the favor of many women liberalists.
D. They are influenced by cowboy style and rebellious spirit.
20. A. The advantages of jeans. B. The culture of western America.
C. The history of jeans. D. The change of jeans.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A (25%)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and
D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. the people in the Middle Ages knew of the universe was twisted by the Church.
第 2 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
A. What little B. What a little C. Little D. A little
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。句意：中世纪的人们对宇宙仅有的一些了解被教堂扭曲了。分析句子
可知，“ the people in the Middle Ages knew of the universe”是句中主语，是主语从句；结合句
意，该从句使用了固定句型：what little (few) + 名词 + 主谓语，其意为“仅有的……一点（一
些）……”，属名词性从句，在句中多见用作主语或宾语，偶尔用作表语，本题中是主语从句。故填A。
2. the emphasis on how actors move, Kun operas don’t normally have complicated stage sets.
A. Despite B. Given C. As for D. Regardless of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管昆剧强调演员的动作，但通常没有复杂的舞台布景。A. Despite
尽管；B. Given鉴于；C. As for至于；D. Regardless of不理会。根据空白处下文“the emphasis on how
actors move, Kun operas don't normally have complicated stage sets.(昆剧强调演员的动作，但通常没有复杂的
舞台布景)”可知前后表达的意思相反，空白处应填表示转折、让步含义的介词连接让步状语，故选A
项。
3. As for bottled water, 25 to 30 percent of it comes straight from municipal tap water systems, despite the pretty
nature scenes on the bottles that imply .
A. somehow B. instead C. otherwise D. meanwhile
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：至于瓶装水，25%到30%的水直接来自市政自来水系统，尽管瓶子上
美丽的自然景观暗示不是这样。A. somehow以某种方式，用某种方法，不知为什么；B. instead代替，顶
替，反而；C. otherwise不同地，不是那样；D. meanwhile与此同时。根据“As for bottled water, 25 to 30
percent of it comes straight from municipal tap water systems”以及表示让步转折的despite可知，此处表示
“不同地，不是那样”，故选C项。
4. Recall the days when he was put in a room on his own, Picasso remarked, “I there forever, drawing without
stopping”
A. should have stayed B. need have stayed C. must have stayed D. could have stayed
【答案】D
【解析】
第 3 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：回想起他被单独关在一个房间里的日子，毕加索说：“我本可
以永远呆在那里，不停地画画。”。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词could后接完成时，构成could have
done，表示“过去本能够做某事却未做”，表示对过去事情的假设，must have done 表示对过去发生情况的
肯定推测； should have done 表示“应该做而未做”need have done 也常用于否定句中，即
needn’ t have done 的形式，表示“本不必做而做了”，均与原文内容不符。故选D项。
5. President Biden has urged congress to act now to ban assault weapons the deadly school shooting in the
US city of Nashville.
A. to follow B. followed C. to be followed D. following
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国纳什维尔周一发生致命校园枪击案后，拜登总统敦促国会立即采取
行动，禁止攻击性武器。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做状语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语President
Biden为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故选D项。
6. To prevent teens from getting caught up in the endless scrolling, TikTok announced that users under 18 years of
age will have their accounts after one hour of screentime on the app each day.
A. to lock B. locked C. to be locked D. being locked
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防止青少年陷入无休止的翻动中，TikTok宣布，18岁以下的用户
每天使用该应用程序一小时后，他们的账户将被锁定。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“have+宾语+宾补”
结构，lock与their account之间为被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式作宾补，应为locked。故选B项。
7. Switzerland's biggest bank UBS is to take over its troubled rival Credit Suisse in a deal at preventing a
financial crisis to spread around the world.
A. intending, threatening B. intended, threatened
C. aimed, threatening D. aiming, threatened
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：瑞士最大的银行瑞银集团将接管其陷入困境的竞争对手瑞士信贷，这项
交易旨在阻止一场有可能蔓延到世界各地的金融危机。分析句子结构，两个空白处均在句子中做后置定语，
使用非谓语动词，因第一个空白处与其逻辑主语deal之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，第二个空
白处与其逻辑主语a financial crisis之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故选C项。
第 4 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
8. The result showed that the light of Kindle was similar to that of the print book, so it was unlikely that
reading on such a non-light-emitting device negative effects on sleep.
A. reflected...would have B. reflecting...had
C. reflected...had D. reflecting…would have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词和动词时态。句意：结果显示，Kindle的反射光与纸质书相似，因此在这种不发光
的设备上阅读不太可能对睡眠产生负面影响。分析句子可知，该句第一空为单个分词作定语修饰light，
light和reflect为被动关系，意为“被反射的光”，所以为过去分词形式。该句第二空由it was unlikely that
可知，从句应为表示将来的意思，为过去将来时。故选A项。
9. Much unhappiness has been suffered by those people who have never recognized that it is as necessary to make
themselves into whole and harmonious personalities as themselves clean, healthy and financially
independent.
A. kept B. keep C. to keep D. keeping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：有些人从未意识到，圆满、和谐的人格与保持整洁、健康的身体和经济上的
独立同样重要，因而他们遭受了许多不幸。It is + adj. +to do sth.做某事很…。It是形式主语，不定式是真正
的主语。as…as结构中，第一个as为副词，后跟形容词或副词原级，第二个as可用作介词（后接名词或代
词）或连词（后接从句），在本句中，第二个as为连词，应与这个as前的结构一致。故选C项。
10. you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make your
presentation organized and dynamic.
A. Either B. While C. Whether D. No matter
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：无论你是参加演讲比赛还是在课堂上演讲，一点点准备都会让你的演
讲有条理、有活力。A. Either要么；B. While当……时候；C. Whether是否；D. No matter无论。根据后文
“you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class”可知为连词whether…or…。引导让步状语从
句。故选C。
11. There is no doubt that it is around the family and the home ______all the greatest virtues of human society are
created， strengthened， and maintained.
第 5 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
A. that B. where
C. which D. with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：毫无疑问，正是围绕着家和家庭，人类社会的所有最大美德得以创造、加
强和维持。本句是强调句的结构 It is+强调部分+that+其余部分，本句中强调的 around the family and the
home。如果在强调句型中去掉强调结构It is/was…that..句子完整，因此选A。
12. Is there a magic wand that silently transforms you and those special people on journey into ________
sometimes can be a lifelong relationship?
A. it B. that C. what D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：有没有一根魔棒能让你和那些特殊的人在旅途中悄无声息地转变成一段有
时可能相伴一生的关系？连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示
“……的人/事/物/话/地方”。分析句子可知，“____ sometimes can be a lifelong relationship”作介词后是
宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，引导词在从句中作主语，应用连接代词what引导词该宾语从句。故选C
项。
13. The economist explains people are not especially happy with the present system of retirement age any
further intervention will be viewed with suspicion and anger.
A. since B. if C. while D. once
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这位经济学家解释说，由于人们对目前的退休年龄制度不是特别满
意，任何进一步的干预都将被怀疑和愤怒地看待。A. since由于；B. if如果；C. while当……时候；D.
once一旦。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于”应用since。故选A。
14. Everything Everywhere All At Once, Michelle Yeoh plays the laundromat owner with superpower in a
different universe, won the best picture Oscar at the Academy Awards ceremony in Los Angeles, California.
A. which B. when C. where D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《瞬息全宇宙》在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶举行的奥斯卡颁奖典礼上获得了奥
第 6 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
斯卡最佳影片奖，杨紫琼在片中饰演一个在不同宇宙中拥有超能力的自助洗衣店老板。分析句子结构，空
处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Everything Everywhere All At Once。根据句意，从句中缺少地
点状语，所以应用where或in which引导，相当于in the movie。故选C。
15. The club’s reform was postponed for the time being at the of some of the VIP members.
A. reminder B. request C. evaluation D. wish
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：应一些重要会员的要求，俱乐部的改革被暂时推迟了。A. reminder提
醒物，引起回忆的事物；B. request要求；C. evaluation评价；D. wish愿望。at the request of是固定短语，
意为“应……的要求”，故选B。
16. The enemy had bombed the city for three days, but fortunately the old castle the bombing raid.
A. outlived B. escaped C. survived D. preserved
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：敌人轰炸了这座城市三天，但幸运的是，这座古堡在轰炸中幸存了下
来。A. outlived比……活得长；B. escaped逃脱；C. survived幸存；D. preserved保护。根据句意可知，此
处为动词survived“幸存”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
17. Beijing opera is considered the of Chinese opera, but actually the language of Beijing opera is not the
dialect of Beijing.
A. essence B. concentration C. output D. movement
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：京剧被认为是中国戏曲的精髓，但实际上京剧的语言并不是北京方
言。A. essence精髓；B. concentration集中；C. output产量；D. movement运动。根据上文“Beijing
opera(京剧)”以及下文“Chinese opera(中国戏剧)”可知此处说的是京剧与中国戏剧的关系，根据常识，京
剧是中国戏剧的精髓，空白处应填表示“精髓”含义的名词，故选A项。
18. You are right in your prime and will have a lot to accomplish so never ever your life in trifles.
,
A. pull through B. pull up C. wear away D. strike down
【答案】C
【解析】
第 7 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你正处于黄金时期，有很多事情要做，所以永远不要让琐事消磨你的
生命。A. pull through渡过难关；B. pull up停下来；阻止；C. wear away消磨；D. strike down撞到。根据
句意，有很多事情要做，不应该消磨生命在琐事上。故选C。
19. Though a breakthrough in treatment, this baldness cure has to pass clinical before it becomes
commercially available.
A. therapies B. cases C. trials D. chances
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然在治疗上取得了突破，但这种治疗脱发的方法在商业化之前必须
通过临床试验。A. therapies治疗方法；B. cases具体情况，实例；C. trials试验；D. chances机会。根据
“this baldness cure”以及“before it becomes commercially available”可知，此处指“通过临床试验”，故选
C项。
20. Our meetings are carefully scheduled throughout the day, and seldom into the evenings.
A. relocate B. stretch C. spread D. expand
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的会议整天都被精心安排，很少拖到晚上。A. relocate搬迁；B.
stretch延长；C. spread传播；D. expand扩大。根据后文“into the evenings”指会议延长到晚上，故选B。
21. Many present energy producers insist that their heavily polluting technologies will remain and necessary
for some time to come.
A. relevant B. inferior C. harsh D. experimental
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多当前的能源生产商坚称，他们高度污染的技术将在未来一段时
间内继续是有意义的和必要的。A. relevant有意义的；相关的；B. inferior较差的；C. harsh恶劣的；D.
experimental实验性的。根据后文“and necessary for some time to come”指有意义和必要。故选A。
22. As the wave of robot chefs has developed well in such a demanding environment as the kitchen, it's certain to
a change in our relationship with cookery.
A. sign B. mark C. stage D. motion
【答案】B
【解析】
第 8 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着机器人厨师的浪潮在厨房这样一个要求苛刻的环境中发展得很
好，它肯定会标志着我们与烹饪关系的改变。A.sign打手势；B.mark标志；C.stage上演；D.motion打手
势。根据句意，机器人在厨房里的发展标志着改变，故选B。
23. Jonesy usually wins when the two sisters play tennis, but in last night’s match, Sue put her elder sister in
the .
A. shade B. conflict C. violence D. invasion
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：两姐妹打网球通常是琼西赢，但在昨晚的比赛中，苏使她姐姐相形见绌。
根据句意可知，此处为固定短语put sb in the shade“使某人黯然失色，使某人相形见绌”，满足句意要求。
故选A项。
24. All human cultures have their rituals and their diversity can cause clashes between peoples, particularly when the
valued rituals of one culture another as strange.
A. note B. concern C. fancy D. strike
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的人类文化都有自己的仪式，它们的多样性可能导致民族之间的
冲突，特别是当一种文化的重要仪式对另一种文化感到奇怪时。A. note留意，注意；B. concern使忧虑，
使担心；C. fancy喜欢，想要；D. strike给人……印象。由“All human cultures have their rituals and their
diversity can cause clashes between peoples”可知，句子表示“所有的人类文化都有自己的仪式，它们的多
样性可能导致民族之间的冲突，特别是当一种文化的重要仪式对另一种文化感到奇怪时”，空格处意为
“给人……印象”，strike sb as意为“给某人以……印象，使某人感到”，故选D。
25. Big businesses have been taking climate change seriously for years and the strongest evidence of their has
been the number of new wind and solar projects that they have been helping to build around the world.
A. assessment B. commitment C. argument D. attachment
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，大企业一直在认真对待气候变化问题，它们的投入的最有力
证据是，它们在世界各地帮助建设了大量新的风能和太阳能项目。A. assessment评估；B. commitment承
诺，投入；C. argument争论；D. attachment喜欢，依恋。由“the number of new wind and solar projects that
they have been helping to build around the world”可知，句子表示“大企业一直在认真对待气候变化问题，
第 9 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
它们的投入的最有力证据是，它们在世界各地帮助建设了大量新的风能和太阳能项目”，空格处意为“投
入”。故选B。
Section B (20%)
(A)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. form B. engage C. highlighting D. issued E. diversity F. featured
G. accessible H. variable I. represented J. initiative K. exposing
Art for all
According to a 2018 report, people aged between 16 and 24 make up 15 percent of the population but only 10
percent of museum-goers. Similarly, people of color aged over 35 go half as much as you would expect from their
population size.
We have reached the point of recognizing a disconnect between art and audiences but haven't yet determined
how to bridge the gap. Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater_____26_____of art histories
and communicating these stories in more modern ways.
If you have ever tried to power through reading a museum's complex wall text, you know art discussions can be
full of special terms. In 2018, I started a podcast called Art Matters for the charity Art UK with the aim of discussing
art from a pop-culture perspective with topics that would_____27_____younger and more diverse audiences. It offers
a(n)_____28_____pathway to art history with conversations on topics such as film, psychology and even Beyonce,
with few special terms. The series has been a useful way of connecting art to current events. Art history is about
storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audiences along for the discussion.
More traditional institutions are paying attention. This summer, the Getty Museum in Los
Angeles_____29_____a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users
displayed incredible creativity- toilet rolls_____30_____frequently-and the museum was flooded with submissions.
This reaction proves that there is a desire for audiences to engage with art topics if the_____31_____is appealing.
Many people are scared by art and feel that there's a base level of understanding required to join the conversation.
The Getty_____32_____embraced the visuality of art and served as a reminder that there are many pathways to
engaging with it.
Another interesting byproduct of the Getty challenge was_____33_____the public to a diversity of artworks.
British opera singer Peter Brathwaite, for example, made scores of stunning recreations_____34_____centuries of
black portraiture, including a collaboration with London's National Portrait Gallery. His efforts counter the perception
第 10 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
that there are not many historical portraits of black figures. It is imperative that we do a better job of showcasing the
many complex and diverse stories that are_______35_______in art. In doing so, we preserve more histories and
welcome a wider diversity of people.
【答案】26. E 27. B
28. G 29. D
30. F 31. A
32. J 33. K
34. C 35. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。根据2018年的一份报告显示艺术和观众之间存在脱节的现象，但还没有确定如
何弥合这一差距。应对这一挑战的办法是讲述更多样化的艺术史，并以更现代的方式传播故事。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：应对这一挑战的两个答案在于讲述更多样的艺术史，并以更现代的方式传播这些故事。
根据上文“We have reached the point of recognizing a disconnect between art and audiences but haven't yet
determined how to bridge the gap(我们已经认识到艺术和观众之间的脱节，但还没有确定如何弥合这一差
距)”可知，我们已经认识到了艺术和观众之间的脱节的问题，应向观众讲述更多样的艺术史，以弥合这一
差距，故空白处应填表示“多样性”含义的名词，故选E. diversity。
【27题详解】
考查动词。句意：2018年，我为慈善机构英国艺术协会创办了一个名为“艺术大事”的播客，目的是从流
行文化的角度讨论艺术，主题将吸引更年轻、更多元化的观众。根据上文“pop-culture perspective(流行文
化的角度)”以及下文“younger and more diverse audiences(更年轻、更多元化的观众)”可知，创办了 “艺
术大事”的播客的目的是吸引更年轻、更多元化的观众，空白处应填表示“吸引”含义的动词，故选B.
engage。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它提供了一条通往艺术史的途径，可以就电影、心理学甚至碧昂斯等话题进行对话，
几乎没有特别的专业术语。根据下文“with few special terms(没有特别的专业术语)”可知，没有特别的专
业术语会更容易理解，空白处应填表示“容易理解的”含义的形容词，故选G. accessible。
【29题详解】
考查动词。句意：今年夏天，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆在社交媒体上发布了一项挑战，要求人们使用家里的物品
重新创作画作。根据下文“a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at
home(一项挑战，要求人们使用家里的物品重新创作画作)”可知，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆发布了这项挑战，空
第 11 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
白处应填表示“发布”含义的动词，故选D. issued。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：用户表现出了难以置信的创造力，卷状特色的厕纸频繁出现，博物馆里也收到了大量的
投稿。根据上文“Users displayed incredible creativity(用户表现出了难以置信的创造力)”可知，此处说的是
大众展示出的令人难以置信的创造力，分析待选项，F项“featured(以……为特色)”表达的含义符合语
境，含义为“以卷状为特色”故选F. featured。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种反应证明，如果形式有吸引力，观众就有参与艺术主题的愿望。根据上文“there is
a desire for audiences to engage with art topics(观众有参与艺术主题的愿望)”可知，观众有参与的愿望是因
为有吸引力，分析待选项，A项“form(形式)”表达的含义符合语境，含义为：形式有吸引力，与句子表
达的含义一致，故选A. form。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：盖蒂倡议拥抱了艺术的视觉性，并提醒人们有很多途径可以参与其中。根据上文“This
summer, the Getty Museum in Los Angeles issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using
items they had at home(今年夏天，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆在社交媒体上发布了一项挑战，要求人们使用家里的
物品重新创作画作).”可知，这是盖蒂的一个倡议，故选J. initiative。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：盖蒂挑战赛的另一个有趣的副产品是让公众接触到各种各样的艺术品。根据下文“the
public to a diversity of artworks(公众……各种各样的艺术品)”可知，空白处应填表示“使……接触”含义
的词，故选K. exposing。
【34题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，英国歌剧歌手彼得·布拉斯维特制作了数十件令人惊叹的再现作品，突出了
几个世纪以来的黑人肖像画，包括与伦敦国家肖像画廊的合作。空白处在句子中作定语应使用非谓语动
词，因与其逻辑主语recreations之间为主谓关系，使用现在分词，根据下文“centuries of black portraiture,
including a collaboration with London's National Portrait Gallery(几个世纪以来的黑人肖像画，包括与伦敦国
家肖像画廊的合作)”可知，这是英国歌剧歌手彼得·布拉斯维特制作了数十件令人惊叹的再现作品的亮
点，空白处应填表示“突出了”含义的词，故选C. highlighting。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们必须更好地展示艺术中表现出来的许多复杂多样的故事。根据上文“many complex
and diverse stories(许多复杂多样的故事)”可知，复杂多样的故事是作品中展示出的，空白处应填表示“展
示出”含义的词，故选I. represented。
第 12 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
(B)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. alternative B. capacity C. characteristic D. extinct E. exclude F. identity
G. increasingly H. interacting I. measuring J. narrative K. restore
The earliest storytellers
A stunning cave painting discovered in Indonesia may be the earliest evidence of storytelling. The artwork is at
least 43,900 years old, and shows that humans were depicting scenes tens of thousands of years earlier than previously
thought.
The painting is a 4.5-metre-wide hunting scene, discovered by Maxime Aubert of Griffith University, Australia
and his colleagues. It depicts at least eight small human-like figures hunting two pigs and four dwarf buffaloes with
spears or ropes. “It’s a(n)_____36_____scene,” says Aubert. He and his colleagues calculated the painting’s age
by_____37_____the levels of uranium (铀) in stone layers that cover the images. At 43,900 years old, it could be the
oldest figurative cave painting that has yet been found although we don't know what type of human made them. Until
this discovery, the oldest known artworks depicting visual “stories”, with humans and animals_____38_____in a
recognizable scene, dated from around 20,000 years ago and was found in Europe, such as the famous Lascaux
paintings in France. “Now we show that at least 44,000 years ago, in South-East Asia, humans were telling stories
and they were depicting them in rock art,” says Aubert.
“It’s really an exciting discovery,” says Genevieve von Petzinger at the University of Victoria, Canada, “It
shows a (n)_____39_____timeline of how art developed. When you get a scene like this one, it opens the door a little
further." The human-like figures appear to have animal_____40_____.” They are half human, half animal. The oldest
previously known example was the Lion Man statue. Carved around 40,000 years ago, it combines a lion's head and
human body. Until now, it was the earliest evidence of the ability of humans to depict things that don’t exist in nature-
a(n)_____41_____linked to imagination and spirituality. “Now it seems the same thing was happening in South-East
Asia, but even earlier,” says Aubert.
The cave painting gives us a glimpse into the minds of the people who created the Indonesian art, but we don’t
yet know whether they were modern humans or one of our_____42_____cousins. The team hasn't found human
remains in the Sulawesi cave, says Aubert, so it isn't possible to be sure of the_____43_____of the artists.
One possible group is the Denisovans, who may also have lived in Asia at this time. Earlier this year, while
studying a site in China thought to have been home to Denisovans, a team of researchers revealed artistic engravings
on a piece of bone.
第 13 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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“We can’t completely_____44_____Denisovans or another species,” says Aubert of the Indonesian cave art,
“There were probably at least two other species that lived in this region at the same time as modern humans.”
The discovery comes as archaeologists________45________turn their attentions towards Asia. “People should
stay tuned to Asia,” says von Petzinger, “In the next decade there will be many exciting announcements coming from
this part of the world.”
【答案】36. J 37. I
38. H 39. A
40. C 41. B
42. D 43. F
44. E 45. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。考古学家在印度尼西亚发现了至少43900年前的洞穴绘画，表明人类使用绘画
描绘场景的证据比之前想象的要早数万年。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这是一个叙事场景。根据上文“It depicts at least eight small human-like figures hunting
two pigs and four dwarf buffaloes with spears or ropes(它描绘了至少八个人形的小人物用长矛或绳索猎杀两头
猪和四头矮水牛)”可知空白处应填表示“叙事的”含义的形容词，应用narrative，故选J。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他和他的同事通过测量覆盖图像的岩层中的铀含量来计算这幅画的年代。根据下
文“the levels of uranium (铀) in stone layers(岩层中的铀含量)”可知，岩层中的铀含量是测量出来的，空白
处应填表示“测量”含义的词，应空白处在介词后面，应填动名词measuring，故选I。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一发现之前，已知最古老的描绘视觉“故事”的艺术品中，有人类和动物在
一个可识别的场景中互动的艺术品可以追溯到大约20000年前在欧洲被发现的作品，比如法国著名的拉斯
科画作。根据上文“humans and animals(人类和动物)”可知作品中有人和动物，分析待选项，H项
“interacting(互动的)”表达的含义符合语境，含义为人和动物互动，此处是with复合结构，humans and
animals和动词interact是主动关系，应用现在分词interacting，故选H。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：它展示了艺术发展的另一个时间线。此处应用形容词作定语，根据上文“It’s really an
exciting discovery(这真是一个令人兴奋的发现)”以及下文“timeline of how art developed(艺术发展的时间
线)”可知这是展示艺术发展的另一条时间线，空白处应填表示“备选的”含义的词，为形容词
第 14 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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alternative。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些人形人物似乎具有动物特征。此处应用名词作宾语，根据下文“They are half
human, half animal(他们一半是人，一半是动物)”可知，作品中的人形一半是人一半是动物，这些人形有
动物的特征，名词characteristic符合语境，故选C。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：到目前为止，这是人类有能力描绘自然界不存在的事物的最早证据，这种能力与想象力
和灵性有关。根据上文“it was the earliest evidence of the ability of humans to depict things that don't exist in
nature (这是人类有能力描绘自然界不存在的事物的最早证据)”可知，空白处应填表示“能力”含义的名
词，应用名词capacity，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：洞穴绘画让我们得以一窥创造印尼艺术的人们的思想，但我们还不知道他们是现代人
还是我们灭绝的表亲。此处应用形容词作定语，根据上文“modern humans(现代人)”以及表示选择关系的
连词or可知，空白处应填表示与“现代的”含义不同的形容词，分析待选项，D项“extinct(灭绝的)”表
达的含义符合语境，含义为“灭绝的表亲”，与句子表达的含义一致，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：奥伯特说，该团队尚未在苏拉威西洞穴中发现人类遗骸，因此无法确定艺术家的身份。
此处应用名词作宾语，根据上文“The team hasn't found human remains in the Sulawesi cave(该团队尚未在苏
拉威西洞穴中发现人类遗骸)”，可知，该团队因未发现人类遗骸，无法确定艺术家的身份，空白处应填表
示“身份”含义的名词，应用identity，故选F。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们不能完全排除丹尼索瓦人或其他物种。此处应用动词作谓语，根据下文“There
were probably at least two other species that lived in this region at the same time as modern humans(可能至少有另
外两个物种与现代人类同时生活在这个地区)”可知，因该地区至少有两个物种与现代人类同时生活在这个
地区，科学家无法排除丹尼索瓦人或其他物种的可能性，动词exclude符合语境，由can’t可知，应用动词
原形，故选E。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这一发现正值考古学家越来越多地将注意力转向亚洲之际。根据下文“In the next decade
there will be many exciting announcements coming from this part of the world(在接下来的十年里，这一地区将
发布许多令人兴奋的公告)”可知，这一地区在接下来的十年里将发布许多令人兴奋的公告，说明科学家们
正在越来越多地将注意力转移到亚洲，空白处应填表示“越来越多地”含义的副词，副词increasingly符合
第 15 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
语境，故选G。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A (15%)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A question of judgement
The pandemic has required many people to make difficult judgements. Politicians have had to decide which
restrictions to impose on citizens’ behavior and individuals were forced to assess how much personal risk to take,
Managers, faced with tough calls like which parts of their operations to close, have not been_____46_____
Good judgment is a quality everyone would like to have. But it is remarkably difficult to define_____47_____,
and many people are not sure whether they personally possess it. Sir Andrew Likierman has spent a long time talking
to leaders in a wide range of fields, from business and the army to the law and medicine, in an effort to create
a_____48_____for understanding judgment.
First, he had to define the word. He suggests that judgment is “the_____49_____of personal qualities with
relevant knowledge and experience to form opinions and take decisions”. And he argues that, thus defined, judgment
involves a_____50_____-taking in information, deciding whom and what to trust, summarizing one's personal
knowledge, checking any prior beliefs or feelings, summarizing the available choices and then making the decision.
At each stage, decision-makers must ask themselves questions, such as whether they have the relevant experience
and expertise to make their choice, and whether the option they favor is_____51_____.
Expertise can be useful in making judgements. But it is not the same thing. “Academics have expertise,” Sir
Andrew observes, “They don't necessarily have judgement.” People with judgement know when they are out of their
depth in making a decision and typically then seek the_____52_____of someone who has the right background and
knowledge. It is, of course, possible to follow all these steps and still make the_____53_____choice. But Sir Andrew
argues that a sensible process improves the chance of getting it right. The temptation is to look at people's track
records when assessing whether they have good judgment, but_____54_____may have played a huge part, “While
good judgment is important to success,” Sir Andrew cautions, “success is not a signal that there has been good
judgment.”
The degree of judgment required tends to increase as people take on more______55______. Those with routine
tasks generally have limited scope for judgment. Line supervisors have some rights to decide by themselves. For a
chief executive, the proportion of decisions involving judgment is_______56_______.Deciding not to take action is
also a judgement with potentially serious consequences. The world is full of people whose lack of judgement brought
their careers or personal life______57______.
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Some people think that good judgment is innate. Sir Andrew accepts that some individuals are born with the
ability to listen, be self- aware and better understand other people. People with good judgment tend to have a breadth
of experiences and relationships that enables them to recognize parallels or analogies that others______58______
Others may have the wrong sort of characteristics; a tendency to ignore others, stick to
rules______59______context, rush into action without reflection and struggle to make up their minds. Many leaders
make bad judgments because they unconsciously filter the information they receive or are
not______60______critical of what they hear or read. The danger is that people ignore insights that they don't want
to hear, a tendency that can increase with age.
46. A. included B. guaranteed C. promoted D. spared
47. A. equally B. naturally C. precisely D. wisely
48. A. brochure B. catalogue C. framework D. timetable
49. A. combination B. equivalent C. foundation D. selection
50. A. formula B. process C. subsequence D. standard
51. A. frequent B. practical C. precious D. unique
52. A. advice B. approval C. contribution D. praise
53. A. logical B. major C. smart D. wrong
54. A. experience B. luck C. occupation D. support
55. A. responsibility B. tasks C. information D. courage
56. A. exaggerated B. fixed C. high D. minimal
57. A. calming down B. cheering up C. cleaning up D. crashing down
58. A. copy B. emphasize C. miss D. value
59. A. in line with B. based on C. instead of D. without regard to
60. A. clearly B. mainly C. publicly D. sufficiently
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. A
56. C 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了判断力是一种难以定义而很需要的能力。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：管理者们也未能幸免，因为他们面临着关闭运营哪些部分的艰难抉择。A.
included包括；B. guaranteed保证；C. promoted促进；D. spared使……逃脱。根据上文“faced with tough
calls like which parts of their operations to close(面临着关闭运营哪些部分的艰难抉择)”可知，管理者们面临
第 17 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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着关闭运营哪些部分的艰难抉择，他们也没有从中幸免，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但要精确定义它非常困难，许多人不确定自己是否拥有它。A. equally平等
地；B. naturally自然地；C. precisely精准地；D. wisely聪明地。根据上文“Good judgment is a quality
everyone would like to have(良好的判断力是每个人都希望拥有的品质)”以及下文“many people are not sure
whether they personally possess it(许多人不确定自己是否拥有它)”可知，此处上下文说的是良好的判断力，
但是许多人不确定自己是否拥有它，所以很难精准地对它定义，故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Andrew Likierman爵士花了很长时间与从商业、军队到法律和医学等各个领域
的领导人交谈，试图建立一个理解判断的框架。A. brochure手册；B. catalogue目录；C. framework框架；
D. timetable时间表。根据下文“First, he had to define the word(首先，他必须定义这个词)”、“he argues
that, thus defined, judgment involves a process -taking in information(他认为，根据这样的定义，判断涉及一个
获取信息的过程)”以及“At each stage, decision-makers must ask themselves questions(在每个阶段，决策者
都必须问自己问题)”可知，Andrew Likierman爵士首先定义理解力这个词，然后他认为判断涉及一个获取
信息的过程，在每个阶段，决策者都必须问自己问题，由此可知，Andrew Likierman爵士制定了一个理解
判断力的框架，故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为，判断是“个人素质与相关知识以及经验融合而成的观点和决策”。A.
combination结合；B. equivalent对应物；C. foundation基础；D. selection选择。根据下文“personal
qualities with relevant knowledge and experience”可知，个人素质与相关知识以及经验融合而成的观点和决
策，故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为，根据这样的定义，判断力包括一个接受信息的过程，决定信任谁和信
任什么，总结个人知识，检查任何先前的信念或感受，总结可用的选择，然后做出决定。A. formula公
式；B. process过程；C. subsequence顺序；D. standard标准。根据下文“taking in information, deciding
whom and what to trust, summarizing one's personal knowledge, checking any prior beliefs or feelings,
summarizing the available choices and then making the decision(接受信息，决定信任谁和信任什么，总结个人
知识，检查任何先前的信念或感受，总结可用的选择，然后做出决定)”可知，这是一个过程，空白处应填
表示“过程”含义的名词，故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在每个阶段，决策者都必须问自己一些问题，比如他们是否有相关的经验和
第 18 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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专业知识来做出选择，以及他们喜欢的选择是否实用。A. frequent频繁的；B. practical实用的；C. precious
宝贵的；D. unique独一无二的。根据上文“whether they have the relevant experience and expertise to make
their choice(他们是否有相关的经验和专业知识来做出选择)”可知此处上下文说的是要有相关的经验和专业
知识，分析四个选项，B项“practical(实用的)”表示的含义符合语境，修饰the option表示“实用的选
择”，故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有判断力的人知道什么时候他们在做决定时力不从心，然后通常会寻求有正确
背景和知识的人的建议。A. advice建议；B. approval同意；C. contribution贡献；D. praise表扬。根据下文
“someone who has the right background and knowledge(有正确背景和知识的人)”可知，可以通过这些人寻
求建议，因为他们有正确的背景和知识，故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，遵循所有这些步骤，仍有可能做出错误的选择。A. logical符合逻辑
的；B. major主要的；C. smart聪明的；D. wrong错误的。根据下文“Sir Andrew argues that a sensible
process improves the chance of getting it right.( 安德鲁爵士认为，一个合理的过程可以提高把事情做好的机
会)”可知，合理的过程能提高把事情做好的机会，但是仍然会存在出错的可能，故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在评估人们是否有良好的判断力时，人们很想看看他们的过往记录，但运气可
能起了很大作用。A. experience经验；B. luck运气；C. occupation职业；D. support支持。根据下文
“success is not a signal that there has been good judgment(成功并不是有良好判断力的信号)”可知，成功并
不代表着有良好的判断力，由此可推理出作者认为其中也有运气的成分，故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着人们承担更多的责任，所需的判断程度往往会增加。A. responsibility责
任；B. tasks任务；C. information信息；D. courage勇气。根据下文“Line supervisors have some rights to
decide by themselves. For a chief executive, the proportion of decisions involving judgment is high(生产线主管有
一些自行决定的权利。对于首席执行官来说，涉及判断的决策比例很高)”可知，涉及承担更多责任的岗
位，需要更高的判断力，故选A项。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于首席执行官来说，涉及判断的决策比例很高。A. exaggerated夸大了的；
B. fixed固定的；C. high高的；D. minimal最小的。根据上文“The degree of judgment required tends to
increase as people take on more responsibility(随着人们承担更多的责任，所需的判断力程度往往会增加) ”可
知，承担更多责任的岗位，所需的判断力程度往往会增加，首席执行官是一个承担了更多责任的岗位，所
第 19 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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以涉及判断的决策比例很高，故选C项。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：世界上到处都是缺乏判断力导致职业生涯或个人生活崩溃的人。A. calming
down镇静下来；B. cheering up高兴起来；C. cleaning up打扫；D. crashing down崩溃。根据上文
“Deciding not to take action is also a judgement with potentially serious consequences.(决定不采取行动也是一
种具有潜在严重后果的判断)”以及“lack of judgement(缺乏判断力)”可知，不采取行动会导致缺乏判断
力，带来职业生涯或个人生活崩溃的严重后果，分析四个选项，D项“crashing down(崩溃)”符合语境，
故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有良好判断力的人往往拥有丰富的经验和人际关系，这使他们能够识别他人
遗漏的相似之处或类比。A. copy复制；B. emphasize强调；C. miss漏掉；D. value珍惜。根据上文“Sir
Andrew accepts that some individuals are born with the ability to listen, be self- aware and better understand other
people. People with good judgment tend to have a breadth of experiences and relationships(安德鲁爵士承认，有
些人天生就有倾听、自我意识和更好地理解他人的能力。有良好判断力的人往往有丰富的经验和人际关
系)”可知，安德鲁爵士认可有些人天生就有倾听、自我意识和更好地理解他人的能力，这些人天生就有良
好判断力，由此可推理出这些品质是其他人所没有的，故选C项。
【59题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：其他人可能有错误的特征；忽视他人的倾向，不考虑实际情况而坚持规则，不
经思考而仓促行动，难以下定决心。A. in line with 与……一致；B. based on基于；C. instead of用……
代替；D. without regard to不考虑。根据上文“Others may have the wrong sort of characteristics(其他人可能
有错误的特征)”可知，此处上下文说的是错误的特征，分析四个选项，D项“without regard to(不考虑)”
表达的含义符合语境，放在句子中表示“不考虑实际情况而坚持规则”，与句子表达的含义一致，故选D
项。
【60题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多领导者之所以做出错误的判断，是因为他们无意识地过滤了收到的信息，
或者对听到或读到的信息没有进行足够的批判性思考。A. clearly清晰地；B. mainly主要地；C. publicly公
开地；D. sufficiently足够地。根据上文“Many leaders make bad judgments(许多领导者之所以做出错误的判
断)”可知此处上下文说的是领导做出的错误判断，分析四个选项，D项“sufficiently(足够地)”放在句子
中表示“没有进行足够的批判性思考”含义，与句子表达的含义一致，故选D项。
Section B (22%)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
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unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
To the music of Verdi’s Ave Maria, Bulgarian-born soprano Raina Kabaivanska opened the funeral service for
her longtime friend and colleague Luciano Pavarotti in the cathedral of Modena. Archbishop Benito Cocchi read a
message of condolence from Pope Benedict. In it, the pope said Pavarotti had “honored the divine gift of music
through his extraordinary interpretative talent.”
Pavarotti’s white maple casket was covered in sunflowers-his favorite-and laid before the altar. Since his death
on Thursday, some 100,000 people of all ages have filed past his coffin in the cathedral, paying last respects to the
maestro. Music resounded throughout the service. Tenor Andrea Bocelli sang Mozart’s “Ave Verum Corpus.” Family
members, close friends as well as dignitaries and celebrities attended the invitation-only service. Among those
attending were Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi, former U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan, U2 lead singer
Bono, and film director Franco Zeffirelli.
Across Italy, admirers watched the service live on television, and thousands of ordinary citizens gathered in the
square outside the cathedral and followed the service on a giant screen. One admirer outside the church said Pavarotti
would never die. He’s said he is convinced that Pavarotti is not dead because he will continue to live with his voice,
with his songs, and he will always remain in our hearts.
Applause broke out as the casket was carried outside the church as loudspeakers amplified a recording of
Pavarotti singing arias by Verdi.
As a special honor for a man of humble origins who became Italy’s greatest cultural ambassador, an air force
team flew over the cathedral, streaking the sky in the white, red and green colors of the Italian flag.
61. The music played throughout the service was sung by .
A. Raina Kabaivanska B. Tenor Andrea Bocelli
C. Bono D. Verdi
62. All attended Pavarotti’s funeral service except .
A. People of all ages filing past his coffin in the cathedral.
B. family members and close friends of Pavarotti.
C. Italian Prime Minister and former U.N Secretary General.
D. dignitaries and celebrities invited.
63. Which of the following sentences is Not True?
A. Pavarotti is Italy’s greatest cultural ambassador with extraordinary talent.
第 21 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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B. Pavarotti will always remain in the heart of his admirers across the country.
C. Tenor Andrea Bocelli attended Pavarotti’s funeral solemnly and respectfully.
D. To show people’s respect, the funeral was completed with an air force gun salute.
【答案】61. D 62. A 63. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了意大利男高音 Luciano Pavarotti的葬礼。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“To the music of Verdi’s Ave Maria, Bulgarian-born soprano Raina Kabaivanska
opened the funeral service for her longtime friend and colleague Luciano Pavarotti in the cathedral of Modena. (伴
随着威尔第《圣母颂》的音乐，保加利亚出生的女高音Raina Kabaivanska在摩德纳大教堂为她的老朋友兼
同事Luciano Pavarotti开始了葬礼)”可知，整个葬礼上放的音乐是由Verdi唱的，故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Family members, close friends as well as dignitaries and celebrities attended the
invitation-only service. Among those attending were Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi, former U.N. Secretary
General Kofi Annan, U2 lead singer Bono, and film director Franco Zeffirelli.(出席葬礼的只有受邀的家庭成
员、亲密朋友以及政要和名人。出席者包括意大利总理普罗迪、前联合国秘书长安南、 U2主唱波诺和电
影导演法兰高·齐费里尼)”可知，出席葬礼的只有受邀的家庭成员、亲密朋友以及政要和名人。A项“大
教堂里从他的灵柩前列队走过的各个年龄段的人”不符，故选A。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He’s said he is convinced that Pavarotti is not dead because he will continue
to live with his voice, with his songs, and he will always remain in our hearts.(他说他相信Pavarotti没有死因为
他会继续用他的声音，他的歌声活着他会永远活在我们的心中)”可知，B项“Pavarotti将永远留在全国各
地他的崇拜者的心中。”正确；根据第二段中“Tenor Andrea Bocelli sang Mozart’s “Ave Verum Corpus.”(男
高音波切利演唱了莫扎特的“圣体颂”)”可知，C项“男高音Tenor Andrea Bocelli庄严而恭敬地参加了
帕瓦罗蒂的葬礼”正确；根据最后一段“As a special honor for a man of humble origins who became Italy’s
greatest cultural ambassador, an air force team flew over the cathedral, streaking the sky in the white, red and green
colors of the Italian flag.(作为一个出身卑微的人成为意大利最伟大的文化大使的特殊荣誉，一个空军团队飞
越大教堂，在天空中划出意大利国旗的白色、红色和绿色的条纹)”可知，A项“Pavarotti是意大利最伟大
的文化大使，才华横溢”正确，D项“为了表示人们的敬意，葬礼以空军鸣枪致敬结束。”不正确，与原
文描述不符，故选D。
(B)
第 22 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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Travel Back in Time
TOMORROW THEY WON’T DARE TO
INSIDE MONEY By Zarchary Karabell
MURDER US
By Joseph Andras
In 1956, National Liberation Front Member Fernand
Iveton planted a bomb near Algiers. The hoped-for
explosion was intended only to be a piece of
symbolism, so he put it in an unused shed. He was
arrested before it could go off and then mercilessly
Given complete access to the 200-year accomplishment of
tortured and hanged. Andras’s fictionalized retelling
the U.S.’s oldest private bank, Karabell weaves a
of Iveton’s story was published in French in2016 to
fascinating tale of the East Coast WASP establishment
immediate acclaim, winning the prestigious Prix
includes characters such as Alan Greenspan and Averell
Goncourt. It’s now been translated into English. The
Harriman, one-time governor of New York. The firm has
book is just 137 pages long, but every one of them
remained privately held, so its inner workings have been a
is tense, a nightmare of noble intentions gone
mystery until now.
horribly wrong.
Or See the Future
THE FLIP SIDE OF FREE
THE CODE BREAKER
By Michael Kende
By Walter Isaacson
It’s not a new insight that we pay for “free” apps and
Isaacson’s previous biographies have focused on such men
sites with our personal data, but Kende has a more
as Steve Jobs and Leonardo da Vinci. Here he tells the
detailed take than most. The digital development
story of Jennifer Doudna, a biochemist who won a Noble
specialist at the World Bank Group looks at how the
Prize for the gene-editing technology known as Crispr. The
web came to be free via unified standards and the
book is an excellent reader on the complex subject, its
coming social considerations that will need to be
benefits (fighting disease) and its ethical hurdles (designer
faced once the public understands how much “free”
babies).
actually costs.
Anything Other Than Covid
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LETTERS TO CAMONDO
By Edmund de Waal
ANTIQUITIES
There are very few ceramic artists working today
By Cynthia Ozick
and even fewer ceramic artists with a part time as an
Most people experienced some form of Covid isolation.
author. Best known for his exquisitely crafted
Ozick, 92, who’s been shortlisted for the Pulitzer and Man
porcelain and his bestseller The Hare with Amber
Booker International prizes, has created a character who's
Eyes, de Waal’s latest piece of fiction combines the
similarly tortured, though it’s old age, rather than a
two sides of his professional life. This book consists
pandemic, that finds him holed up indoors. As he recalls
of imaginary letters to the real-life Moise de
his life, he is drawn to memories of his cousin, a famous
Camondo, a rich Jewish banker who ran one of the
archaeologist and to a mysterious schoolmate.
most successful institutions in the Ottoman Empire
and was also an art sponsor.
Or More About Plagues
LET THE RECORD SHOW: A POLITICAL
HISTORY OF ACT UP NEW THE PREMONITION: A PANDEMIC STORY
YORK, 1987-1993 By Michael Lewis
By Sarah Schulman Thirty years ago, fear and death played out at capturing
Michael Lewis is something of a master at the onset complex events in the very recent past. Here he turns the
of the AIDS crisis that no one, other than the pandemic into a tale of good and evil: Evil, in this case, is
tortured, seemed to care. ACT UP, a political and the administration; good is a crew of scientists, doctors and
activist effort, was born from that apathy. public health experts. The narrative follows three central
Schulman's comprehensive, timely Book records the characters-a biochemist, a public health worker, and a U.S.
group’s hundreds of demonstrations, and almost as federal employee.
many political groups.
64. In the section “Travel Back in Time”, both of the two books .
A. drew inspiration from something real.
B reveal something ugly about their society
.
C. are works written against a background of war.
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D. provide thrilling plots even though they are short in length.
65. Which of the following themes are covered by “The Flip Side of Free” and “The Code Breaker” respectively?
①cybersecurity
②artificial robot
③disease-curing
④economic development
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ③④
66. In what aspects do “Letters to Camondo” and “Antiquities” have in common?
A. Both are fictionalized works.
B. Both are about artistic creations
C. Both deal with the theme of isolation
D. Both are written against the background of Covid-19.
67. In describing plagues, what’s the main difference between the two books in the section “Or More About
Plagues”?
①One is a true story and the other is fictional.
②One is about history and the other focuses on the present.
③One is about the causes of the plague and the other focuses on the results.
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ①②③
【答案】64. A 65. B 66. A 67. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者对几本著作做了简要介绍。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据TOMORROW THEY WON'T DARE TO MURDER US部分的“In 1956, National Liberation
Front Member Fernand Iveton(1956年，民族解放阵线成员费尔南·艾弗顿)”以及INSIDE MONEY By Zarchary
Karabell 部分的“Given complete access to the 200-year accomplishment of the U.S.’s oldest private bank,
Karabell weaves a fascinating tale of the East Coast WASP establishment(鉴于这家美国历史最悠久的私人银行
有200年的历史，卡拉贝尔编织了一个关于东海岸WASP成立的迷人故事)”可知，“Travel Back in Time”
这一部分的两本书都是从真实的事物中汲取灵感，故选A项。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据THE FLIP SIDE OF FREE部分的“It’s not a new insight that we pay for “free”apps and sites
with our personal data(我们用个人数据为“免费”应用程序和网站付费，这并不是什么新鲜事)”可知，我们
第 25 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
使用免费应用程序和网站是因为我们用个人数据付费，可推理出这本书涉及网络安全话题；根据THE CODE
BREAKER部分的“The book is an excellent reader on the complex subject, its benefits (fighting disease)( 这本书
是一本关于复杂主题及其益处（对抗疾病）的优秀读物)”可知，这本书覆盖了疾病防治这一话题，所以应
选①③两项，故选B项。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据 LETTERS TO CAMONDO 部分的“This book consists of imaginary letters to the real-life
Moise de Camondo, a rich Jewish banker who ran one of the most successful institutions in the Ottoman Empire and
was also an art sponsor.(这本书由虚构的信件组成，写给现实生活中的莫伊斯·德·卡蒙多，一位富有的犹太
银行家，经营着奥斯曼帝国最成功的机构之一，也是一位艺术赞助商)”以及 ANTIQUITIES 部分的
“Ozick, 92, who’s been shortlisted for the Pulitzer and Man Booker International prizes, has created a character
who’s similarly tortured(92岁的奥齐克曾入围普利策奖和布克国际奖，他塑造了一个同样饱受折磨的角色)”
可知，两本书都是虚构的作品，故选A项。
【67题详解】
推理判断题。根据 LET THE RECORD SHOW: A POLITICAL HISTORY OF ACT UP NEW YORK 部分的
“Michael Lewis is something of a master at the onset of the AIDS crisis that no one, other than the tortured, seemed
to care. ACT UP, a political and activist effort, was born from that apathy.( 迈克尔·刘易斯在艾滋病危机爆发时
是一位大师级人物，除了饱受折磨的人之外，似乎没有人关心他。ACT UP是一项政治和活动家努力的结果，
它是从这种冷漠中诞生的)”可知，这本书基于真实的故事，而且根据标题中的“HISTORY”可知这本书是
关于历史的；再根据 THE PREMONITION: A PANDEMIC STORY 部分的“Thirty years ago, fear and death
played out at capturing complex events in the very recent past. Here he turns the pandemic into a tale of good and
evil(30年前，在最近的过去发生的复杂事件中，恐惧和死亡阴云密布。在这里，他把疫情变成了一个关于
善与恶的故事)”可知，这本书把疫情变成了一个关于善与恶的故事，是个虚构的故事，而且根据下文
“Evil, in this case, is the administration; good is a crew of scientists, doctors and public health experts(在这个故事
中，邪恶指的是政府；善良指的是一群科学家、医生和公共卫生专家)”可知，这本书把现在的政府、科学
家、医生和公共卫生专家通过故事讲出来，是通过故事讲现在的事，所以应选①②两项，故选A项。
(C)
The outstanding biography portrays the life of the complicated Renaissance artist with details. We come to see
da Vinci as not only an inventor of musical instruments and early flying machines, but also a notebook keeper and
vegetarian, who had trouble finishing many of the projects and paintings he started.
Yet what is most thrilling is getting to know da Vinci the scientist. Isaacson explains how loving science and
applying the scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson
第 26 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
argues, a genius. Da Vinci was fascinated with observing and understanding phenomena in nature. He wanted to
know about everything around him, in minute detail, Isaacson writes. He wondered about questions “most people
over the age of ten no longer puzzle about”—for instance, how the tongue of a woodpecker works.
To learn about the world, da Vinci combined his own observations with experimentation. Never formally
schooled, “he preferred to induce from experiments rather than deduce from theoretical principles,” Isaacson explains.
He recorded his observations, looked for patterns among them, and then tested those patterns through additional
observation and experimentation.
When he became fascinated with the idea that he could invent flying machines, he observed various birds and
filled notebooks with the function and speed at which their wings flapped. That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an
exemplar of this scientific method. He goes on: “Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with
being the first to develop this kind of approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science.” There can be
no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed on Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings
during his lifetime.
Da Vinci’s emphasis on empirical observation also helped him improve his art. First, he was able to use what
he learned from looking at nature to paint and draw. His studies of the body, animals, motion, shadow and light,
perspective and proportion helped him better understand what he was seeing in front of him, and render it in art more
accurately and finely than anyone else of his time. Most importantly, his ability to connect art and science, helped
him innovate in his work. Da Vinci made surprisingly diverse series of discoveries, including conceptualizing the
helicopter and solar power and advancing knowledge about everything from the reproductive organs to botany. This
genius is also what drew Isaacson to Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs as subjects: They’re all innovators who were
inspired by and drew connections between art and science.
“Leonardo da Vinci is the ultimate example of the main theme of my previous biographies: how the ability to
make connections across disciplines-arts and sciences, humanities and technology—is a key to innovation,
imagination, and genius,” Isaacson writes. And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of increasingly narrow
specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci are as relevant as ever.
68. What made da Vinci a great artist?
A. Viewing the world from the perspective of science.
B. Combining experimentation with theoretical principles.
C. Attempting to know about the world like a child.
D. Being filled with ambition to become an artist and inventor.
69. Why does Isaacson mention Galileo in the book?
第 27 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
A. To introduce his important findings.
B. To memorize the father of modern science.
C. To show the prejudice faced by da Vinci during his lifetime.
D. To illustrate the significance of da Vinci’s research method.
70. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Da Vinci improved his art and drew more accurately by painting mostly in the natural world.
B. The methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci can still apply to contemporary scientific research.
C. Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs are as famous as da Vinci because they all have a talent for combining art with
science.
D. Da Vinci failed to publish his scientific writing because the scientific method kept in it was too complicated to
understand at that time.
71. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. How a Genius Changed the World
B. The Features of Renaissance Art
C. How Science Shaped His Art
D. The Comparison between Induction and Deduction
【答案】68. B 69. D 70. B 71. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文艺复兴时期的著名艺术家——达·芬奇的生活。达芬奇不仅是一个
艺术家，还是一个科学家，他在科学上的贡献同样具有非凡意义。
【68题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to
observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius.(艾萨克森解释了
热爱科学并将科学方法应用于观察世界是如何使达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的，并且艾萨克森所认为的
一位天才的。)”可知，让达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的是将实验与理论原理相结合的这种行为方式。故
选B。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this scientific method.（这就
是为什么艾萨克森称达芬奇为这种科学方法的典范。）”可知，艾萨克森认为达·芬奇在飞行器方面的研
究方法是一种典范，对之给予了很高的评价。再结合后艾萨克森说的话“Galileo, born 112 years after
Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of approach and is often regarded as the father
第 28 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
of modern science(伽利略出生于列奥纳多之后112年，通常被认为是第一个开发这种方法的人，并且经常
被认为是现代科学之父)”和后面的“There can be no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed on
Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings during his lifetime.（毫无疑问，如果列奥纳
多·达·芬奇生前出版了他的科学著作，这一荣誉就会授予他。）”可知，艾萨克森在高度赞扬了达·芬
奇的研究方法，后面又提到伽利略得到了这种方法的荣誉，但其实这种荣誉应归于达芬奇。由此可推测，
艾萨克森这么做是为了突出达·芬奇研究方法的重要性。故选D。
【70题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of increasingly narrow
specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci are as relevant as ever.(这本精彩的书
提醒我们，在一个专业化和关注度越来越窄的时代，像达·芬奇这样的文艺复兴时期的人的方法一如既往
地重要。)”可推知，像达·芬奇这样的文艺复兴时期的人的方法在现代科学研究中仍然适用。故选B。
【71题详解】
标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to
observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius.(艾萨克森解释了
热爱科学并将科学方法应用于观察世界是如何使达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的，并且艾萨克森认为，一
位天才的。)”可知，热爱科学并运用科学方法观察世界，正是达·芬奇成为伟大艺术家和天才的真正原
因。下文接着对这一观点进行了详细阐述。由此可推测，C项“科学如何塑造（达·芬奇）的艺术”适合
作本文标题。故选C。
Section C: (8%)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the
box. Each sentence can be only used once. Note that there are two more sentences than you
need.
Mind the gap year
Young people in Finland enjoy one of the world's best school systems. By the age of 15 they perform above
average in international tests of science, reading and math. That makes it annoying that once they leave school, their
progress often comes to a stop. In America 90% of those who begin bachelor's degree do so in the same year they
finish school. In Finland only 20% do.
_____72_____Universities have traditionally made applicants pass long- winded entrance exams, in addition to
tests they take at school. Excelling at both in the same year is difficult: school-leavers commonly perform worse than
applicants who are a few years older and have had more time to prepare.
The result is that Finland's smartest cookies end up taking at least one and sometimes several unplanned gap
years. Many find that a pain._____73_____Finland's population is among the fastest-ageing in Europe. It cannot
第 29 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
afford to let ambitious youngsters idle for such a long time.
The government is trying to shake things up. Changes that came into full force last year require universities to
accept at least half of applicants solely on the basis of their scores in school._____74_____Mr. Pekkarinen says early
signs suggest the reforms are helping to bring down the age at which most students start their studies.
Making admissions more efficient will help the government benefit more from the cash it is spending in
expanding the number of spots on offer. The share of young Finns with a degree has not changed much for a
decade._____75_____The government wants to hit 50% by 2030. Last year it funded about 4000 more places to help
youngsters put out by the pandemic. Perhaps one day Finland's school-leavers will come to miss all the time they
used to get off.
A. It is also bad for the economy.
B. At 42% it is below the rich-country average.
C. Highly selective admissions are one explanation.
D. The corona virus has sped up a trend already under way.
E. Many candidates still sit entrance tests, but the idea is that universities should no longer require them to do much
of work in advance.
F. Colleges have experienced a rise in demand since test-optional policies went into effect.
【答案】72. C 73. A 74. E 75. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲到了芬兰高等教育制度出现的一个问题：由于大学录取政策过于严格，很
多有才华的年轻人需要经过漫长的等待才能上大学，有些人甚至错失了上学的机会。这对芬兰的经济发展
造成了负面影响。政府目前已经意识到了这一问题，并且正在推行改革。
【72题详解】
上文“That makes it annoying that once they leave school, their progress often comes to a stop. In America 90% of
those who begin bachelor's degree do so in the same year they finish school. In Finland only 20% do.(芬兰的年轻
人享有世界上数一数二的教育系统。到15岁时，他们在科学、阅读和数学的国际测试中的表现远远高于
平均水平。而一旦离开学校，他们的学业进步往往就会停滞不前，这一点更加令人痛心。在美国，90%攻
读学士学位的人在中学毕业的当年就能上大学。在芬兰，只有20%的人能做到这一点。)”提到了芬兰大学
教育中的一个问题，只有很少的人可以上大学，下文“Universities have traditionally made applicants pass
long- winded entrance exams, in addition to tests they take at school. Excelling at both in the same year is difficult:
school-leavers commonly perform worse than applicants who are a few years older and have had more time to
prepare.(根据传统，大学会要求申请人除了在中学参加考试外，还要通过冗长复杂的入学考试。在同一年
第 30 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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内同时在这两项取得优异成绩是很困难的：中学毕业生的成绩通常比大几岁、有更多时间准备的申请人
差。)”讲述了不能上大学的一个原因——严格的录取制度，因此推断空处引出下文，选项C“（芬兰）
严格的录取政策是造成这一现象的一个原因。”符合语境，故选C。
【73题详解】
前文“The result is that Finland's smartest cookies end up taking at least one and sometimes several unplanned gap
years. Many find that a pain.(这样造成的结果是，很多芬兰最聪明的学生最终要度过至少一个，有时是几个
计划外的间隔年。许多人觉得这很痛苦。)”说明了学生上不了大学后不得不度过一个甚至结构间隔年，
下文“Finland's population is among the fastest-ageing in Europe. It cannot afford to let ambitious youngsters idle
for such a long time.(芬兰是欧洲老龄化速度最快的国家之一；它不能让有雄心壮志的年轻人停滞不前这么
长时间。)”说明了年轻人停滞不前对国家不利，因此推断此处讲述学生上不了大学造成的不利影响，因
此推断A项“这对经济也会有不利影响。”符合语境，承接下文。故选A。
【74题详解】
前文“The government is trying to shake things up. Changes that came into full force last year require universities
to accept at least half of applicants solely on the basis of their scores in school.(政府正试图改善这一局面。去年
开始全面实施的改革要求大学录取的学生中至少要有一半是只根据他们的在校成绩作为录取标准。)”讲
述了政府采取了措施改善这个局面，下文“Mr. Pekkarinen says early signs suggest the reforms are helping to
bring down the age at which most students start their studies.(佩卡里宁先生说，早期迹象表明，改革正在降低
大多数学生进入大学学习的年龄。)”说明政府改革带来的结果，E项“许多考生仍在参加入学考试，但政
府的计划是大学不应该再要求他们在考前花太多时间精力准备。”符合语境，讲述了政府实施的政策干
预，承接上文。故选E。
【75题详解】
前文“Making admissions more efficient will help the government benefit more from the cash it is spending in
expanding the number of spots on offer. The share of young Finns with a degree has not changed much for a
decade.(政府正掏钱以增加大学录取名额，而提高录取效率将有助于政府从这些投资中获取更多收益。过
去十年来，芬兰年轻人中拥有大学学位的比例一直没有什么变化。)”讲述政府最终会从中受益， 但是过
去10年芬兰年轻人有大学学位的比例没有什么变化，B项“该比例为42%，低于富裕国家平均水平。”讲
述了拥有大学学位的芬兰年轻人的比例较低，引出下文“The government wants to hit 50% by 2030.(政府希
望到2030年这一比例能达到50%。)”。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷
Ⅳ. Grammar (10%)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically
第 31 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A Very Brief History of Greetings
Physical greetings may be part of human nature, but they also vary hugely from culture to culture. The oldest
evidence of the handshake, for example, can be seen in an Assyrian (亚述人) relief from the 9th century BC, which
shows King Shalmaneser’s ____76____(seal) an alliance with a clasp of the hand. Handshaking can also be found in
ancient Greek literature as a sign of hospitality.
Evidence of kissing is even older. The social kiss dates to at least the Roman Empire, where it ____77____(see)
as a greeting between equals. The emperor Tiberius, who reigned from AD 14 to 37, banned the practice at court
receptions, since it was believed to spread a dangerous facial infection. The ban didn’t last for long; cheek-kissing
____78____ (remain) particularly popular across southern Europe so far.
Some cultures touch noses as a greeting. This is known as the hongi to New Zealand’s Maori population, to
____79____the “sharing of breath” is considered to symbolize the unity between two people. It can also be found in
some Inuit (因纽特人) cultures,____80____it isn’t as widespread as the cliche of the “Eskimo kiss” would suggest.
Many cultures prefer socially distanced greetings, such as bowing, to symbolize trust and cooperation, and these,
too, are ancient. Bow greetings are still common in countries such as India, Japan, and Thailand. In Tibet, China,
people will stick their tongues out of their mouth ____81____(show) their friendly intentions.
These distanced greetings remain the safest option for anyone who wants to convey good wishes
____82____getting too close and personal. However, some more recently ____83____(invent) greetings might serve
as alternatives. There is evidence ____84____the fists bump, which emerged in the 1960s, lowers the risk of
transmitting a disease compared with a more formal handshake. Along with the elbow bump, which seems
_____85_____(originate) in the 1980s, it may become much more common now that the covid-19 pandemic has
increased our awareness of the disease-transmitting potential of more intimate greetings.
【答案】76. sealing
77. was seen
78. has remained
79. whom 80. but
81. to show
82. without
83. invented
84. that 85. to have originated
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【解析】
【导语】本是为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们打招呼方式的历史。从最初的握手，到亲吻，再到现在
的碰拳等是如何演变的。
【76题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，最古老的握手证据可以在公元前9世纪的亚述浮雕中看到，上面显示了撒
缦以色王用握手来缔结联盟。握手也可以在古希腊文学中找到，作为好客的标志。这里为非谓语动词担当
动词show的宾语，被所有格形式修饰，用动名词，且为主动关系。故填sealing。
【77题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：社交亲吻至少可以追溯到罗马帝国，在那里它被视为平等之间的问候。这里为从
句谓语动词，根据上文的“the Roman Empire”可判断，时态为一般过去时；主语为it，单数，和动词see
之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was seen。
【78题详解】
考查时态。句意：禁令并没有持续太久；到目前为止，亲吻脸颊在南欧地区仍然特别受欢迎。这里为本句
谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“cheek-kissing”，单数，所以谓
语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has remained。
【79题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这被新西兰的毛利人称为hongi，对他们来说，“共享呼吸被认为是两个人团结的
象征。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Maori population”，在从句中担当介词to的宾语，用关系代
词whom。故填whom。
【80题详解】
考查连词。句意：在一些因纽特文化中也可以找到这种接吻方式，但它并不像“爱斯基摩人之吻”那样普
遍。上一句“It can also be found in some Inuit (因纽特人) cultures”和下一句“it isn’t as widespread as the
cliche of the “Eskimo kiss” would suggest.”之间为转折关系，用连词but。故填but。
【81题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国西藏，人们会把舌头伸出来以示友好。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词
不定式形式。故填to show。
【82题详解】
考查介词。句意：对于那些想要传达良好祝愿而又不太亲密的人来说，这些远距离问候仍然是最安全的选
择。根据主语“these distanced greetings”可知，这些人是想采用有距离的问候方式，所以是不想太亲密；
根据空后的getting可判断，空处为介词。故填without。
【83题详解】
第 33 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一些最近发明的问候方式可以作为替代。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定
语，和被修饰词“some more”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填invented。
【84题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，与更正式的握手相比，20世纪60年代出现的碰拳可以降低传播疾
病的风险。这里为同位语从句的连接词，从句中不缺少成分，用that引导。故填that。
【85题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：肘部碰撞似乎起源于20世纪80年代，随着新冠疫情大流行提高了我们对更亲密
的问候可能传播疾病的认识，肘部碰撞可能会变得更加普遍。这里为非谓语动词担当动词seem后的表语，
用动词的不定式形式；由于该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，用不定式的完成式。故填to have originated。
V. Translation (3+3+4+5 =15%)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the
brackets.
86. 谭盾为牡丹亭(The Peony Pavilion)创作新舞美，注入新生命，因而它两年的演出座无虚席。(which)(汉译
英)
【答案】Tan Dun created new stage design and injected new life into The Peony Pavilion, which resulted in two
years of sold-out performances.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。“谭盾”为Tan Dun，在句中作主语；“创作”翻译为create，
“注入”翻译为inject...into...，在句中作谓语动词；“新舞美”翻译为new stage design，“新生命”翻译
为new life，在句中作宾语。指代前面一句话，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。“因而”用短
语result in；“它两年的演出座无虚席”翻译为 two years of sold-out performances。陈述过去事情，用一般
过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Tan Dun created new stage design and injected new life into The Peony Pavilion,
which resulted in two years of sold-out performances.
87. 多数当地人靠捕猎鲸鱼勉强维生，他们对教育的需求日益增长，盼着能提高生活水平。(demand) (汉译
英)
【答案】The majority of locals rely on hunting whales to barely make ends meet, and their demand for education is
growing as they hope to improve their standard of living.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。表示“多数当地人”短语为the majority of locals；表示“靠捕猎鲸鱼
勉强维生”翻译为rely on hunting whales to barely make ends meet，为一般现在时；and连接并列句，表示
“对教育的需求”短语为their demand for education；表示“增长”应用grow，此处用现在进行时；as引
第 34 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
导原因状语从句，主语为they，表示“盼着”应用hope to；表示“提高生活水平”翻译为improve their
standard of living。故翻译为The majority of locals rely on hunting whales to barely make ends meet, and their
demand for education is growing as they hope to improve their standard of living.
88. 针对这次违纪事件，校方没有直接加以处罚，而是让学生自己讨论出解决方案，吃一堑长一智。(impose)
(汉译英)
【答案】In response to this disciplinary incident, instead of imposing direct penalties, the school authority asked the
students to hash out solutions and learn from their mistakes.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，动名词，时态，语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用
一般过去时，“针对”是in response to，“这次违纪事件”是this disciplinary incident，“校方”是the
school authority，“没有做某事”是instead of doing，“直接加以处罚”是impose direct penalties，“让某
人做某事”是ask sb. to do，“讨论出解决方案”是hash out solutions，“吃一堑长一智”是learn from their
mistakes，因此整句话翻译为“In response to this disciplinary incident, instead of imposing direct penalties, the
school authority asked the students to hash out solutions and learn from their mistakes”。故答案为In response to
this disciplinary incident, instead of imposing direct penalties, the school authority asked the students to hash out
solutions and learn from their mistakes.
89. 如何改革僵化局限的教育项目，构建灵活创新的课程体系，体现学校对学生的现实意义是教育家们最为
关注的问题之一。(concern) (汉译英)
【答案】How to reform stagnant and limited educational programs, construct a flexible and innovative curriculum
system, and reflect the practical significance of schools to students is one of the most concerning issues for educators.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和固定结构。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，作主语；表示“改革僵化局限的教
育项目”翻译为reform stagnant and limited educational programs；表示“构建灵活创新的课程体系”翻译为
construct a flexible and innovative curriculum system；表示“体现学校对学生的现实意义”翻译为reflect the
practical significance of schools to students；表示“是教育家们最为关注的问题之一”应用one of the most
concerning issues for educators。为一般现在时。故翻译为How to reform stagnant and limited educational
programs, construct a flexible and innovative curriculum system, and reflect the practical significance of schools to
students is one of the most concerning issues for educators.
Ⅵ. Summary (10%)
90. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
第 35 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
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Art has always been a polarizing subject. Some people like realism, others like abstract. But do you know why
some people value art in the millions, while others see the same piece as little more than a child's finger painting?
Many consider art to be quite random in terms of our likes and dislikes. But according to new research, there
may be a scientific reason behind our fondness for certain works. The answer lies in how a person's brain breaks
down the visuals of a painting combined with their judgment.
To prove their theory, neuroscientist Kiyohito Iigaya and his team from the California Institute of Technology
(Caltech)gathered more than 1,300 volunteers and asked them to rate 825 different paintings from four different art
genres
After analyzing the data, scientists found that the same groups of people tended to prefer similar aspects of the
same paintings. These characteristics were then grouped into “low-level” features like color and blending, and “high-
level” features like the emotion behind the painting.
From this experiment, Caltech's system was then able to predict an individual's specific taste in art and organize
different works into one group, according to the paintings' features and volunteers' preferences.
Finally, the team repeated the first test on new volunteers. Again, the algorithm was able to accurately predict
individuals' art preferences. According to Iigaya, this shows that the factors that contribute to whether a person likes
an image are universal, not random.
Lesley Fellows, a neurologist at McGill University who studies value judgments, stated, “We know a lot about
‘how’ the brain carries out actions, but 'why' is far less well understood.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
【答案】Art is a polarizing subject, and many people believe that an individual's preferences for art are random.
According to new research, our love of art may stem from how our brains combine the visual effects of painting with
their judgment. This suggests that the factors that influence whether people like a particular photograph are universal,
rather than random.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术是一个两极分化的学科，许多人认为个人对艺术的喜好是随机
的，根据最新的研究，我们对于作品的喜爱可能是源于大脑是如何将绘画的视觉效果与他们的判断力结合
第 36 页 共 37 页上海最大家教平台---嘉惠家教 2万余上海老师任您选（在职老师、机构老师、985学霸大学生应有尽有 ，+V:
jiajiao6767 )
起来的。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Art has always been a polarizing subject. Some people like realism, others like abstract.
②Many consider art to be quite random in terms of our likes and dislikes.
③After analyzing the data, scientists found that the same groups of people tended to prefer similar aspects of the
same paintings.
④Finally the team repeated the first test on new volunteers. Again, the algorithm was able to accurately predict
,
individuals' art preferences.
2.缜密构思：将第1、3两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句
Art is a polarizing subject, and many people believe that an individual's preferences for art are random.
According to new research, our love of art may stem from how our brains combine the visual effects of painting with
their judgment.
This suggests that the factors that influence whether people like a particular photograph are universal, rather than
random.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Art is a polarizing subject, and many people believe that an individual's preferences for art
are random.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型 2]：This suggests that the factors that influence whether people like a particular photograph are
universal, rather than random.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及关系代词that引导的定语从句）
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