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2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题

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2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题
2020年高考英语试卷(上海)(秋考)(空白卷)_英语历年高考真题_新·PDF版2008-2025·高考英语真题_英语(按年份分类)2008-2025_2020·高考英语真题

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2020 年上海市高考英语试卷 Listening Comprehension Section A Directions Section A , you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.In a bus. B.In a restaurant. C.In a hairdressing shop. D.In a shopping center. 2.A.The coffee shop. B.The dining hall. C.The library. D.The dormitory building. 3.A.Her credit card. B.Her handbag. C.Her passport. D.Her new shoes. 4.A.The man enjoyed the lecture much. B.The man missed the lecture because of falling sleep. C.The man has enjoyed the lecture and couldn't enjoy it. D.The man couldn't fall asleep when enjoying the lecture. 5.A.He thinks it's too cold to go out. B.He has no interested in shopping and eating. C.He is satisfied with any choice that the woman makes. D.It's boring for him to talk with the woman. 6.A.It's a waste of time reading them. B.Too many false advertisements cheat consumers. C.The advertisement is beneficial to us.D.The advertisement is a two﹣edged sword. 7.A.He feels regretful about it. B.In spite of lacking time to wander,it is colorful. C.Compared with his expectation,it is disappointing. D.He is very satisfied with it. 8.A.He couldn't attend her birthday party for the school charity sale. B.He will come to dinner in time in the next Saturday. C.He wants to invite the woman to the school charity sale. D.He has no money to buy a birthday gift for the woman. 9.A.He thinks the pill is useless for his cough. B.He couldn't find any pill in his home. C.He is complaining the woman of her bad suggestion. D.He will take some pills right now. 10.A.His mom has waited for one hour to talk with him. B.He and his mom have nothing to talk about it. C.He spends long time chatting on the phone to his mom. D.He rarely talks to his mom for a long time. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 11.(1)A.Their price is too high to afford for the poor. B.The local residents can grow vegetables and fruits by themselves. C.They are not nutritious and very hard to prepare. D.They are not pretty enough to be displayed on store shelves. (2)A.The company collects pretty fruits and vegetables to earn more money. B.The company collects ugly foods and sells them to local residents at a discount. C.The company thinks that the ugly foods are not as healthy as the fresh foods.D.The company owns a lot of chain supermarkets and carry ugly foods. (3)A.Refusing food wasting and call for environmental protection. B.Giving some help to poor farmers. D.Store's address choosing and price fixing for chain supermarkets. D.The importance of display. 12.(1)A.1 million. B.1 billion. C.10 million. D.10 billion. (2)A.Planting a tree for every man,woman,and child. B.Planting new woodland to provide more green areas. C.Engaging people in their natural environment and implanting trees. D.Bringing existing woodland into management. (3)A.Making natural environments keep pace with economic developments. B.Making air pollution reduced and protecting against noise pollution. C.Reducing the urban heat island effect and flooding. D.Providing benefits to health and reducing stress. 13.(1)A.It was stolen this morning. B.It has broken down for three days. C.It was damaged because of a traffic accident. D.It was moved away due to wrong parking. (2)A.It was in behind of NO.1 classroom building. B.Students can park their cars at random in campus when in emergency. C.Student parking there will receive a parking fine and pay for the storage fee. D.If this man wants to park here,he needs to bring his student card along. (3)A.To the campus traffic office. B.To the classroom building. C.To the administration building. D.To the stadium. (4)A.﹩5.B.﹩25. C.﹩20. D.﹩55. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank. 14. Introduction to English as a Second Language Teacher's Book One of the earliest﹣known inventions is the bow and arrow,which is still used throughout the world today,15,000 years (1) it was first invented.Of course,these days,the bow and arrow (2) (use) mainly in sporting events,but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food. In western Asia,another extremely important invention was born﹣the ability to produce pots.As long as 6500 years ago,people were producing pottery,mostly plain and without designs,but the technique has changed little since. Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention.Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe.Around 1500 years later,the Phoenicians used sand,limestone and sodium carbonate to produce (3) else which we would be lost without﹣glass. How many things do you lock with a key every day?Doors,cupboards?The car?We really don't think much about them,(4) we?Well,the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago,in Assyria.This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of Sargon Ⅱ. Another amazing invention,which we probably take for granted these days,is the skill of knitting(5) first appeared in the Roman Empire,some 1700 years ago.The (6) (early) examples are knitted socks! Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame,like a simple magnifying glass,way back in the 13th century.In about 1290,the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence.And,believe it or not,the modern contact lens is 120 years old!Time flies and we spend a lot of time(7) (check)how much time we have left!This would be impossible (8) clocks and watches,(9) are all around us:on walls,on our wrists,on our PCs,and even on our mobiles and iPod's.The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion(1639﹣1714)in England 330 years ago,and his watch﹣face design,with two(and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, (10) (remain) largely unchanged in all that time. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 15. A.empowers B.hands C.innovative D.mean E.prints F.notes G.shaving H.store I.tip J.traceable K.uneconomic The health food chain Tossed has just opened the UK's firstcashless cafe.It's another step towards the death of cash. This is nothing (1) .Money is tech.The casting of coins made shells,whales' teeth and other such primitive forms of money redundant(多余的).The printing press did the same for precious metals:we started using paper (2) instead.Electronic banking put paid to the cheque.Contactless payment is now doing the same to cash,which is becoming less and less convenient.In the marketplace convenience usually wins. In a world without cash,every payment you make will be(3) .Do you want governments (which are not always benevolent),banks or payment processors to have potential access to that information?The power this(4) them is enormous and the potential scope for Orwellian levels of surveillance is terrifying. Cash,on the other hand,(5) its users.It enables them to buy and sell,and (6) their wealth,without being dependent on anyone else.They can stay outside the financial system, if so desired. Cash has its uses for small transactions ﹣ a chocolate bar,a newspaper,a pint of milk ﹣ which,in the UK,are still(7) to process by other means.It will always be the fastest and most direct form of payment there is.I like to (8) waiters,for example,in cash,knowing they will receive that money,without it being siphoned(转移) off by some(9)employer.I also like to shop in markets,where I can buy directly from the producer knowing they will receive the money,without middle men(10) off their percentages. Cash means total financial inclusion,a luxury the better﹣off take for granted.Without financial inclusion ﹣ and there will always be some who,for whatever reason,won't have it ﹣ you are trapped in poverty.So beware the war on cash. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 16.Fitness experts weigh in on whether it's safe to skip this sometimes annoying step in your exercise routine. One of the most important steps in your fitness routine comes at the conclusion.Many know the importance of properly warming up and preparing to exercise , but experts say that incorporating a cool down routine is just as important.According to the Mayo Clinic,cooling down allows for your body to recover and return to its normal, (1) state. Though cooling down isn't proven to (2) muscle stiffness or soreness,it can prevent dizziness and allow your heart rate and breathing to ease back to a normal rate,Harvard Medical School reports.Phyllis Mammarelli,personal trainer at the Shenango Valley YMCA in Sharon,Pennsylvania,works with each of her clients on a cool down routine as she says it's a (n) (3) part of exercising. "Cooling down allows your body to gradually return to a low﹣intensity activity level,slowly reducing your respiratory and heart rate until it's equalized and back to normal" she says. (4) the recovery phase of a workout isn't proven to be harmful to your body,but Mammarelli warns that without cooling down,the body will take longer to return back to the low ﹣intensity level activity level you began your workout with. There are also non﹣threatening side effects that could occur as a result of forgoing a cool down.Mammarelli warns that blood can gather or pool in your lower extremities and lead to dizziness and (5) .Additionally,ACE says to keep an eye on your (6) soreness and stiffness.While soreness after a workout is to be expected, (7) onset muscle soreness can occur 24 ﹣ 28 hours after your workout and cause "uncomfortable debilitating pain".Side effects are mostly seen in the elderly or those with cardiovascular disease and can be(8) by warming up and cooling down.Here are some other signs that you might be working out too much. Allow five to 10 minutes at the (9) of your workout for a cool﹣down routine.During this period,continue your workout session,but at a much reduced rate.If you're (10) for time during your workouts or unsure how to allow your body to recover, Mammarelli suggests stretching muscles in a pain﹣free range of (11) .Here's an easy stretch (12) to try. Tacking on a few (13) minutes to your workout for cooling down may seem like a (n) (14) ,but the benefits outweigh the cost of finding extra time in your (15) .If you need inspiration for scheduling the time to workout and cool downlook to these women who work out every day. (1)A.presentation B.preservation C.prejudice D.pre﹣exercise (2)A.boost B.reduce C.resist D.experience (3)A.beneficial B.preferable C.comfortable D.adaptable (4)A.Suspecting B.Striking C.Securing D.Skipping (5)A.featuring B.fainting C.freezing D.frustrating (6)A.power B.strength C.muscle D.energy (7)A.delayed B.controlled C.neglected D.charged (8)A.respected B.launched C.maintained D.eased (9)A.intension B.conclusion C.principle D.prediction (10)A.pressed B.assessed C.processed D.obsessed (11)A.conversation B.composition C.motion D.hesitation (12)A.regulation B.routine C.guidance D.motivation (13)A.critical B.dramatic C.ambitious D.additional (14)A.inconvenience B.innutrition C.initiative D.injustice (15)A.amount B.treasure C.schedule D.struggle Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed byseveral questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fit s best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. 17.James Cameron,writer﹣director﹣producer of best picture Oscar winner "Titanic" (1997),has again denied a claim perennially put forth by fans:that there was room for Jack (Leonardo DiCaprio) to climb aboard the floating door holding Rose (Kate Winslet) and avoid death by hypothermia (低体温) following the shipwreck in the North Atlantic. Stating that "it says on page 147 [of the script] that Jack dies," Cameron,63,told Vanity Fair, "Obviously it was an artistic choice, [that] the thing was just big enough to hold her,and not big enough to hold him".Finding it "silly,really,that we're having this discussion 20 years later." the filmmaker pointed out that , "Had he lived , the ending of the film would have been meaningless...So whether it was that,or whether a smokestack fell on him,he was going down." He added he believed the physics were correct as well. "I was in the water with the piece of wood putting people on it for about two days getting it exactly buoyant(漂浮)enough so that it would support one person with full free﹣board,meaning that she wasn't immersed at all in the 28 degree water,so that she could survive the three hours it took until the rescue ship got there...And we very,very finely tuned it to be exactly what you see in the movie because I believed at the time, and still do,that that's what it would have taken for one person to survive." Winslet and fellow "Titanic" star Kathy Bates suggest otherwise,with Bates at the SAG AFTRA Foundation 2nd Annual Patron of the Artists Awards on Nov.9 introducing Winslet by saying,"He lets go of her hand and sinks into the depth of the Atlantic.And I personally think that there was plenty of room on there!" Winslet agreed,telling the audience lightheartedly, "He could have fit on it!He could have fit on that door!" She similarly said on "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" in February 2016 that Jack "could have actually fitted on that bit of door" As far back as 2012,Cameron toldIGN.com,"It's not a question of room,it's a question of buoyancy...It's clear that there's really only enough buoyancy available for one person...She's completely out of the water on the raft,and ...if he got on with her,they'd both be half in and half out of the water ...and they would have both died of hypothermia." As well,he had told The Daily Beast in January,"You read page 147 of the script and it says, " Jack gets off the board and gives his place to her so that she can survive "It's that simple".Referring to a 2012 episode of Discovery's "MythBusters" in which he gamely guest﹣starred, Cameron told the website,"You're Jack,you're in water that's 28 degrees,your brain is starting to get hypothermia. 'MythBusters' asks you to now go take off your life vest,take hers off,swim underneath this thing,attach it in some way that it won't just wash out two minutes later ﹣ which means you're underwater tying this thing on in 28﹣degree water,and that's going to take you five to 10 minutes,so by the time you come back up you're already dead.So that wouldn't work.His best choice was to keep his upper body out of the water and hope to get pulled out by a boat or something before he died." (1)What question have the fans raised about the plot of the Titanic? A.They think the ending of the story was not good enough. B.They question the director's level of direction. C.They oppose the separation of the hero and heroine. D.They believe that the hero has a chance of survival as well. (2)According to James Cameron,Jack should have been dead because . A.it comes up to the fans' expectations B.the process the screenplay can be satisfied C.the true story that attracts more fans D.the core role of the film is the actress not the actor (3)Which of the following people hold(s) a different viewpoint of Jack's life? A.Kathy Bates. B.Winslet. C.James Cameron. D.The fans. (4)According to the passage,which of the following is incorrect? A.According to the director,the hero is dead on page 147 of the script. B.If the hero were still alive,the ending of the movie would be meaningless. C.James Cameron attended the Foundation 2nd Annual Patron of the Artists Awards. D.Some fans don't want to believe that the hero is dead in the movie. 18.When I became a budget traveler,and I discovered some of the cheapest ways to travel aroundthe world.Don't let money problems stop you from traveling.Here are a few ways to travel cheap that can help you see the world on a budget. 1.Pay with points You're smart enough to know money doesn't grow on trees,but earning credit card points and miles may have you thinking otherwise. Figure out how much money you regularly spend,and consider making those purchases on a travel card,like the Chase Sapphire Preferred Card,so that you have the potential to be rewarded with points and miles every time you swipe.You can redeem(兑换)these rewards for airfare, hotels and other qualifying expenses. 2.Want to score even cheaper flights? You may want to subscribe to Scott's Cheap Flights.This email newsletter alerts budget travelers when airlines hold sales or mistakenly lower their prices.In the past,Scott's Cheap Rights has notified subscribers about amazing deals like a ﹩260 flight from New York to Paris and a flight from San Francisco to Bali for ﹩364. TheFlightDeal.com and SecretFlying.com are two more sites that may be able to help you find cheap flights,according to Nico Atienza,a front desk agent at the Travel Hacking Cartel. 3.Timing is everything It's typically easier to find cheap flights when your travel schedule is flexible. Often,you'll find the best deals when you travel in the middle of the week or take a red﹣eye flight overnight.If you're prepared to face less﹣than﹣idyllic weather,you could save even more money on airfare and hotels by traveling during off﹣peak seasons. "The most important thing is to be flexible on timing",says Atienza. "The tighter your time frame,the less chance you're going to get a cheap fare". It can also help to book early. 4.When you travel together,you can split the costs with your friends and family There's something to be said about solo travel. But if you're on a budget,you can split the costs of hotels and rental cars when you travel with a small group of friends or family.So don't be shy about squeezing into a small motel room or renting an entire home on Airbnb if it's less expensive per person. "The optimal party size tends to work out to be four people," says Atienza.Any more than that and the hotel might charge you for another room. You should also be able to fit about four people in your rental car,depending on the type of car you rent. (1)What is learned from the passage? A.The airfare from San Francisco to Bali is only ﹩364. B.You may find cheap flights from TheFlightDeal.com and SecretFlying.com. C.The tighter your time frame,the more chance you're going to get a cheap fare. D.Atienza believes that the optimal party size tends to work out to be three people. (2)According to this article,which of the following is NOT a way to get cheap airline tickets? A.Redeem Points for Airline Tickets. B.Notice the airlines' price reduction and discount emails. C.Choose off﹣season travel times. D.Split the costs with your friends and family. (3)This article is most likely to come from . A.a travel magazine B.a speech C.a promotion email D.a daily newspaper 19.The books we read when we're young have a special sort of power:they can inspire us to be brave and resilient (Matilda by Roald Dahi),take us on thrilling adventures (Divergent by Veronica Roth)and even introduce us to tragedy (The Bridge to Terabithia by Katherine Paterson).They're as formative as anything else in our young lives,and sometimes they're the first place we encounter larger﹣than﹣life ideas.Consider the lasting cultural import of To Kill a Mockingbird or even the urgency of a newer best seller like I'll Give You the Sun,Jandy Nelson's 2014 novel centering on a contradictory issue.In The Magic Words,Cheryl B.Klein, an executive editor at Scholastic whose projects include the last two Harry Potter books,sets out to inform would﹣be writers on how great novels for young readers work. The market for YA novels is booming:sales in the children's and YA sector have been neckand neck with those of adult books in recent years,and adult authors,including Meg Wolitzer (Belzhar) and Carl Hiaasen (Razor Girl),are getting in on the phenomenon.Magic Words aims to be a master class.If you think it sounds silly,it isn't.In the era of elevated self﹣help sensations like Marie Kondo and Breníé Brown,The Magic Words is of a piece. Klein deconstructs the seemingly obvious(clear plotlines,sympathetic characters)to reveal the technical intricacies of some beloved classics.L.M.Montgomery surely didn't whip up Anne of Green Gables as a cash﹣in endeavor.But for those who want to capitalize,Anne is instructive: what's timeless and broadly appealing about Anne ﹣ her teenage heart and impulses ﹣ is what to examine.Once you understand that.Klein encourages you to get personal:What makes you ideal to write your story?And what does it mean to the reader? On the latter question,The Magic Words is more than a handbook.It is also a timely social commentary on the responsibility YA writers have to young adults.Those who write to a younger demographic must start with an awareness of their readers ﹣ not only their age but also how they might connect with the issues,both the mundane (bullies) and the cultural (tolerance) that characters face.The narratives we tell young readers can influence how they understand and value the world around them.The magic isn't in the words:it's in how the words come together to reflect and affirm the realities of a diverse young﹣adult experience. (1)According to the first paragraph,it can be learned that . A.The Bridge to Terabithia can inspire us to be brave and resilient B.Matilda by Roald Dahi can take us on thrilling adventures C.Divergent by Veronica Roth even introduce us to tragedy D.To Kill a Mockingbird has lasting cultural significance (2)Which of the following is NOT true about YA novels? A.Anne is a master in the field YA novels. B.Sales in the children's and YA sector have been neck and neck. C.Adult authors are getting in the field of YA novels. D.The market for YA novels is booming. (3)According to the text,the Magic Words is . A.full of absurd plots and complex narrative structureB.one of the masterpieces of Klein C.not only a handbook but also a timely social commentary D.a novel composed of many letters (4)According to the last paragraph,those writers who write to a younger should . A.find someone to sponsor their writing B.fully understand their readership first C.develop a strategy to meet the market D.copy the works of historical masters 20.Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.The higher the price of film ticket is,the more popular it is among youngers. B.Imagine if you could instead pay less to see films that are not in high demand? C.One of the first cinema chains to take up this initiative is Dendy.More will follow. D.Dynamic ticket pricing relies on the quality and trend of the film,varying from one to another. E.Dynamic ticket pricing gives the consumer the ability to purchase film tickets at a wider range of prices. F.Dynamic pricing benefits cinemas by optimizing the price mix for every screening of every film. Coming soon to a cinema near you?Ticket prices shaped by demand Chances are that if you see just one film this year,you probably saw it already.The period between Christmas and Australia Day is typically the busiest and most competitive in our film calendar.But even when you arrive at a ticket counter at a quieter time of year you will usually pay the same price to see a film irrespective of its popularity,quality or budget size. (1) A new smart application means this will soon be a reality for some Australian consumers.Melbourne﹣based start up Choovie will launch a service offering demand﹣based ticket pricing to filmgoers at the end of March,with over 100 screens across metropolitan and regional venues in Victoria,NSW and ACT.(2) Choovie's app will allow consumers to decide,within parameters set by the cinemas,whatprice they pay to see a film.For example,if you don't want to pay more than ﹩10 to see a particular title and are prepared to compromise on where and when you see it,the app will locate a suitable session for you. The emergence of apps such as Choovie is likely to shake up the film industry by fundamentally changing our experience of going to the movies. Dynamic (or demand) ticket pricing aims to change this. So how does dynamic pricing work? (3) This depends on a number of demand variables,such as movie life cycle,time of day,day of the week,film title,venue,size of screen,actual bookings and so on.The number of seats in each price category for every film is based on demand conditions at the time of purchase. It works by using"pricing bots",which adjust prices in real time according to rules set by the exhibitor and on the basis of information gathered about consumer preferences.Uber's"surge pricing"is one example of dynamic pricing.Airline tickets are another. The idea is that instead of offering customers a limited number of ticket categories,the cinema sells each seat based on the individual customer 's willingness to pay.Patrons can choose screenings by specifying things such as the amount they are prepared to spend (say,under ﹩ 10),the location of the cinema (no more than 10 km from home),the time of day (any time after 2pm)and so on.Conversely,cinemagoers should also be prepared to pay higher prices for films that are close to selling out in popular sessions. (4) It gives them the flexibility to respond to unexpected fluctuations in demand and encouraging their patrons to pre﹣purchase seats.And it benefits customers by simplifying the process of finding cheaper cinema tickets and guaranteeing them a reserved seat. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 21. Scientists Discover Animal Language It is human beings' pride that we are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think.However,recent research cast doubt on that common belief.Zuberbuhler,a psychologist at St.Andrews University,and his colleagues recorded thousands of calls made by Diana monkeys and noticed that the monkeys adapted their calls to change the meaning to warn one another about different situations.For example,they made a 'krack' alarm call at the sight of tiger.However,when they merely repeated calls made by other monkeys they added an 'oo'. The researchers found that the same calls would be recognised by other species,like Campbell's monkeys.So they are communicating across species. "And since then we have found that hornbill birds can understand these calls and they too can understand all the different meanings",said Zuberbuhler. What is also surprising is that signs of intelligence have been found in birds,whose small brains were long assumed to be a complete barrier to sentence.However,all is changing fast.A few years ago Irene Pepperberg of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology taught a parrot to recognise and count up to six objects and describe their shapes,which couldn't have been achieved if birds were unable to memorize. Last year,that was topped by Alex Kacelnik,a professor of behavioral ecology at Oxford, who discovered that crows(乌鸦) are capable of using tools in complex orders,the first time such behaviour has been observed in non﹣humans.In an experiment seven crows successfully grabbed a piece of food placed out of reach using three different lengths of stick.Crucially,they were able to complete the task without any special training,suggesting the birds were capable of a level of abstract reasoning normally associated only with humans. All this is powerful evidence against the idea that people are unique. _______ Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 22.你介意替我去参加会议吗?(substitute) 23.为了让妈妈好好休息,小王把水槽和碗柜擦的干干净净。(in order) 24.春暖花开的四月是欣赏这个南方小镇美景的最佳时机。(when) 25.面对网店的挑战,这个百年老店多措并举,终于转危为机,再创辉煌。(turn) Guided Writing26.Directions:Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 明启中学的高三学生李华邀请王磊参加下周五郊外的露天音乐会,但王磊由于路远,交 通不便等原因犹豫不决,写封邮件说服他一起去。信的内容包括: (1)提出解决问题的方法; (2)阐释音乐会的重要性。效。