文档内容
绝密★启用前
2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）
英语笔试 (第一次)
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第
Ⅰ卷1至11页，第Ⅱ卷12至13页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。
答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一
并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利！
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，
再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. — You’ve locked the keys in the car?
— ______ . I have a spare set there.
A. Good for you B. I’d better not C. It doesn’t matter D. That all
depends
2. Hemingway wrote novels and short stories ______ on his personal experiences of the First
World War.
A. Based B. to base C. basing D. being based
3. ______ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud.
A. Ever since B. Even if C. In case D. As though
4. The dancing club in our community welcomes all new members, ______ age or gender.
1A. by means of B. instead of C. on account of D. regardless of
5. When people think about operating systems ______ were developed for the personal computer,
Microsoft may come to mind.
A. what B. where C. who D. which
6. Make a note of the questions you want to ask. ______, you’ll forget some of them.
A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore
7. — I haven’t made up my mind whether I’ll sign the contract with this company.
— ______ . It is not a decision you need to make immediately.
A. What a mess B. It’s settled C. Take your time D. That’s the point
8. Sunlight is used to ______ some of the lighting and hot water in the Olympic Village in
Beijing.
A. absorb B. produce C. seek D. combine
9. When I was a little boy, ______ I looked forward to most was the dinner on the eve of the
Spring Festival.
A. how B. why C. which D. what
10. Ann was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she ______ for a very long time.
A. had waited B. has been waiting C. is waiting D. would wait
11. To help us better understanding literary works, our teacher compared the writing style of Mark
Twain with ______ Lin Yutang.
A. those B. that C. ones D. one
12. The hospital is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the town. A new hospital
______ have been put up years ago.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
13. In the past ten years, one percent of our company’s profits ______ given to local charities.
A. has been B. have been C. was D. were
14. A new study has ______ the causes of the disease, and it’s likely that a cure will soon be
found.
A. made room for B. taken control of C. lost contact with D. thrown light on
15. This old castle is said ______ from designs by a famous architect in the 16th century.
A. to have been built B. to have built C. to be built D. to build
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选
2项。
On a beautiful Wednesday morning, I awoke in a shared room in the hospital. Long curtains
had been pulled around my bed, 1 6 me from the other patients. I had broken my right leg the
night before. It was still summer, but mine was 1 7 .
On the other side of my bed curtain, I heard a patient cheerfully 18 every nurse as they
entered the room, as if welcoming each into his home. He called them by name and asked 19
about their families. I never heard this man whisper a word about his own 2 0 .
That night I wept. I thought about how my schoolwork would be 21 and all the things I
could, temporarily, no longer do.
I awoke early the next morning, 22 of the uncertain days ahead. The 23 of the room
was soon broken by a quiet voice from behind the curtain. “Good morning,” the voice said
calmly, clearly 2 4 at me. “Are you doing okay?”
The man must have heard my 25 the night before. Hesitantly, I responded. From there he
drew me into a(n) 2 6 . We talked endlessly through the curtain to pass the time, without seeing
each other. Every day he would greet me with cheer, “Good morning, Caroline. You are going to
27 this.”
This stranger became my cheerleader, as if it was his mission to lift me up from my 28 .
He 29 me to find the best in all difficult circumstances. Life is not always easy, he would
say, but you have to 3 0 and look for the positive.
Days later when the curtain was drawn, I saw this 31 old man for the first time. 32
his own ill health, he continued to coach me from his hospital bed in the days that followed.
My discharge papers (出院证明) were finally signed and I waited 33 to get home. As I
was wheeled out of the room, I said my final goodbye to the old man.
I often think of my exceptional roommate and of what a(n) 34 he was to me. The impact
he made during those difficult days in hospital still 3 5 .
Thank you for being my ray of sunshine!
16. A. driving B. separating C. liberating D. rescuing
17. A. next B. back C. over D. here
18. A. comforting B. assisting C. praising D. greeting
19. A. Sincerely B. hopefully C. thankfully D. confidently
20. A. attitude B. pain C. threat D. effort
21. A. ignored B. understood C. recommended D. affected
322. A. ashamed B. fond C. scared D. proud
23. A. silence B. agreement C. connection D. limit
24 A. protested B. directed C. imitated D. recorded
25. A. cheer B. appeal C. cry D. comment
26. A. conflict B. adventure C. operation D. conversation
27. A. get through B. come across C. care for D. focus on
28. A. astonishment B. craziness C. sadness D. embarrassment
29. A. promised B. ordered C. permitted D. encouraged
30. A. get away B. carry on C. check out D. make up
31. A. strict B. ambitious C. optimistic D. honest
32. A. Despite B. Beyond C. Besides D. Until
33. A. doubtfully B. curiously C. eagerly D. politely
34. A. opportunity B. gift C. dream D. option
35. A. differs B. spreads C. occurs D. stay
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
England’s springtime events come in all shapes and sizes. There’s something to suit all tastes
and interests.
Celebrating Jill McKnight The Boat Race
Enjoy the works of Leeds artist Jill McKnight The Cambridge-Oxford Boat Race is back on
at Leeds Art Gallery. Exploring stories of the Thames for 2022. This year will see the
people of Leeds through sculpture, print, universities go head to head in the l76th
sound and video, this free exhibition is a men’s race and the 76th women’s race. Don’t
project developed in collaboration (合作) with miss this historic occasion.
the British Library.
3 Apr., River Thames, Putney, London.
25 Mar.-16 Oct., Leeds Art Gallery,
The Headrow, Leeds.
4The Grand National
Watched every year by more than 500 million
people in more than l40 countries, the Grand
National really is the racing event of the year.
Book your tickets now to see 40 horse racing
competitors take on Aintree’s tough and
famous fences.
9 Arp., Aintree Racecourse,
Aintree, Merseyside.
Todmorden Folk Festival Keswick Mountain Festival
If you’re a fan of folk, Todmorden is the Head to the UK’s premier mountain festival this
place to be. This grassroots festival features spring. A unique mixture of outdoor events
Morris dancing, lots of live music and theatre including hiking, moonlit boating, sailing and
taking place throughout Todmorden’s historic indoor ice climbing, talks from outdoor
buildings over the May bank holiday weekend. enthusiasts and live music, this is a must for
lovers of the great outdoors.
29 Apr-1. May, Todmorden Water Quarter,
20-22 May, Keswick,
Calderdale, West Yorkshire.
Lake District National Park.
36. Where do you go if you want to watch a competition between two universities?
A. Putney, London.
B. Aintree, Merseyside.
C. Calderdale. West Yorkshire.
D. Keswick, Lake District National Park.
37. According to the passage, which activity draws a large international audience every year?
A. Morris dancing.
B. Horse racing.
C. Moonlit boating.
D. Indoor ice climbing
38. At both Todmorden Folk Festival and Keswick Mountain Festival, there’ll be ________.
A. talks
B. theatre
C. live music
D. outdoor sports
39. You can admire works of art at ________.
A. Celebrating Jill McKnight
B. The Grand National
5C. Todmorden Folk Festival
D. Keswick Mountain Festival
B
I work at Pearson, the largest and busiest airport in Canada. I am one of the faces of Toronto
that welcome millions of air travellers from all over the world. My daily work is helping
connecting (转乘) passengers, for example, answering their questions about the boarding gate or
departure time. After a long non-stop flight, these passengers are tired and hungry. They need
coffee, breakfast and a lounge (候机室) instead of confusion as they wait anxiously to get their
luggage and board their next flights. My job is to keep them calm and informed.
Emotions can run high and the lounge is like a pressure cooker. Of course, connecting
passengers don’t want to miss their flights. They are usually in a hurry. They are stressed out. You
see, a lot of them are travelling for pleasure and going to places like Miami Beach and
Yellowstone Park. But now they are out of breath and sweating. Some shout angrily, some are
even in tears. They don’t seem to be having any fun at all.
That is when it is time for empathy. We put ourselves in the passengers’ shoes and help them
as much as we can. If we see the elderly trying to catch their planes but walking at a snail’s
pace, we find a wheelchair for them immediately. When a plane is leaving in 15 minutes and the
door is closing, what else can we suggest but: “Run! Run!” A few times, I have run with
passengers to their boarding gate. It's a race against time.
Since passengers are just passing through, our interactions are brief. I say “Ni hao” to the
Chinese and “Hola” to the Spanish. A simple greeting in their mother tongue can guarantee a
smile from a total stranger and a tired traveller. Once, a young woman, who was on her way to
visit her family in South Africa, told me she was expecting her first baby. I offered my
congratulations and good luck.
To all, I wish a pleasant trip, to groups off for a family wedding in Singapore, to seniors
travelling to Rome for holiday, to children off to Disney World in Orlando...the airport is not a
dull place. All kinds of human emotions are on display: sad (tearful goodbyes), happy (family get-
togethers), anxious (waiting in a long line) and upset (missing a flight). Sometimes I think no
matter where we come from, what colour our eyes, hair and skin, we are here to show our
understanding and help. We are family.
40. What does the author’s job involve?
A. Cleaning the lounge.
6B. Helping book hotels.
C. Providing information.
D. Selling food and drinks.
41. The lounge is like a pressure cooker because connecting passengers ______ .
A. are under social pressure
B. are anxious about missing their flights
C. are pleased with the airport staff
D. are in high spirits after their journeys
42. What does the underlined word “empathy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Understanding others’ feelings.
B. Following the passengers’ steps.
C. Recalling the memories of the trips.
D. Avoiding giving unwise suggestions.
43. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. smile is no guarantee of quality service.
B. Kindness does not always pay off.
C. Friendly interactions light up the day.
D. Travellers need to know a second language.
44. The author says “the airport is not a dull place” because at the airport ______.
A. family relations are strengthened
B. customs of the world are on display
C. there are recreational facilities for children
D. moments of people’s life are experienced
C
The question,“ What do elephants and fish have in common?" may sound strange but
researchers have found that they both have a feature not observed in any other creature.
A team at Georgia Institute of Technology has discovered that elephants use a special form of
air suction (吸力) in their trunks to pick up food and handle delicate objects. Animals using
suction to handle objects are typically found in water. Many fish perform suction feeding that re-
quires specialised body parts to quickly generate air pressure that can draw nearby food into their
mouths.
The researchers have found that an elephant could do the same thanks to its huge nostrils (鼻
7孔) and lung capacity. The radius (半径) of an elephant’s nostrils can increase by up to 30%, and
the volume of air that it can push through its trunk increases by 64%. This allows it to take in air
at 30 times the speed of a human sneeze, enabling it to drink 3L of water a second.
In an experiment at Atlanta zoo, the researchers looked at how an elephant would pick up a
small crispy (酥脆的) pancake, which was only 0.5mm thick. The force required to break the
pancake was less than 1% of the trunk’s weight (about 100kg). The elephant was found to either
use suction at a fixed distance from the pancake to “raise” the object in the air and hold it, or
gently press the tip of its trunk against the pancake and apply suction to pick it up. At no time
during the experiment did the elephant break the pancake.
The researchers believe that the findings could help technology companies develop better
machines that use air to do their jobs, as suction has long been used in robotics to grab objects.
The fascinating part of the study for robotics is that elephants can use air suction both on ground
and in water. The researchers are so impressed that they suggest the elephant’s suction technique
could help improve robotics technology.
Nature never ceases to surprise. Indeed, it is thought that over four- fifths of living species on
earth remain undiscovered. That is a reminder of how little we know of our planet, and that we
are not the only creatures with hidden complexities.
45. According to the researchers, what is the ability shared by both elephants and fish?
A. Surviving low air pressure.
B. Using air suction technique.
C. Observing other creatures.
D. Adapting to new environments.
46. Which of the following is TRUE about an elephant according to Paragraph 3?
A. It drinks water 30 times faster than man.
B. It lets out 64% more air when sneezing.
C. Its lung capacity is smaller than we think.
D. Its nostrils can get 30% bigger in radius.
47. What can be learned about an elephant’s trunk in the experiment?
A. Its tip can sense the thickness of objects.
B. Its weight affects its movement.
C. It breaks the food before holding it.
D. It picks up delicate objects in different ways.
848. The research findings may contribute to the development of _______.
A. underwater robots
B. nature reserves
C. transport vehicles
D. fish farming
49. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To promote a new technology.
B. To recommend a research team.
C. To introduce a scientific discovery.
D. To explain a historical phenomenon.
50. Who would most probably find the passage helpful?
A. Mechanical engineers.
B. Medical professionals.
C. Agricultural experts.
D. Wildlife protectors.
D
Some scientists insist that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone
who denies such truths, they suggest, is stupid or ignorant (无知的). Well, no. In science, what we
do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. The history of science offers many examples of
matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that these matters needed to be
reconsidered. Familiar examples include Earth as the center of the universe and the stability of
continents.
Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought
was right is wrong. To say that science is “true” or “permanent” is like saying that “beauty is
absolute.” At best, it’s a bit off-key (不恰当的). The concept of beauty today is very different from
what it was in ancient Greece or the Middle Ages, and so are most of our “laws” of nature.
Other scientists may say scientific findings are true because they use “the scientific method.”
But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is observation and
description of the world. Others will say it is the use of experience and experiment. Recently a
leading scientist said the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is
true that is not.
Each of these views has its value, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific
9method, then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular (唯一的)
scientific method is unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines
and across time. Scientists have bitterly argued about which methods are the best, and, as we all
know, bitter arguments rarely get resolved.
In my view, science is not simple, and neither is the natural world. Our efforts to understand and
explain the natural world are just that: efforts.
Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick
ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Understanding the world we live in, and
using that knowledge to do useful things, is its own reward.
51. According to Paragraph 1, what is considered as truth in science ______.
A. may have lasting value
B. may need re-examining
C. should be known to all
D. should not be rejected
52. Why does the author mention “beauty” in Paragraph 2?
A. To raise a question.
B. To make a prediction.
C. To illustrate an idea.
D. To propose a solution.
53. What does the author think of the methods of science?
A. They shouldn’t be used to fool the public.
B. They rely heavily on observation and description.
C. They seldom cause arguments among scientists.
D. They shouldn’t be limited to a single method.
54. The last paragraph suggests that in doing science, we should ______.
A. keep trying in spite of difficulties
B. fight back against others’ criticisms
C. give priority to economic rewards
D. avoid making the same mistakes
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Efforts in Science: Dreaming Big
B. Science: Endless Journey to Truth
10C. Scientists: Defenders of Science
D. Scientific Method: Simple Choice
11绝密★启用前
2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）
英语笔试 (第一次)
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Mike Sullivan, a former construction worker, took up woodworking after he and his wife, Judy,
retired. He was enjoying carving things in his workshop — but he wanted to create something with
more purpose.
Sullivan had been thinking about the single present he’d received in 1954 when he was
growing up in a small mining town. His father earned $1 a day and couldn’t afford a New Year
gift. He then made a small wooden horse, which Sullivan considered the best New Year present
ever.
Sullivan talked about it with Judy and they decided to start making wooden toys to give away
to kids on New Year’s Day. That first year, they made 360 toys.
The Sullivans now make about 1,500 toys each year to donate to local children’s charities,
school districts and homeless shelters. Local businesses give them much of the wood, but the
couple still dip into their own money every year to keep their workshop running. “My sales
policy is not to collect a single penny. Everything we make is given away,” said Sullivan.
Last year, the couple’s daughter started a GoFundMe to help cover the costs of some materials
and tools. People have donated more than $1, 500 so far this holiday season.
This December, all the toys they made were distributed to local charities to be handed out to
children from poor families. They are now getting a head start on next year’s toy workload.
The couple are now at work on the toys seven days a week, sometimes for 10 hours a day.
“Making toys keeps my mind active. I can’t just sit there and stare at a TV all day. The work
really gives me a boost. Some days are easier than others, but they’re all rewarding,” said Sullivan.
12“I might lake a day or two off after the New Year, but that’s it. As long as there’s a need out
there, I don’t get to take many vacations.”
56. What childhood experience gave Sullivan the idea to make free toys for kids? (no more than
15 words)
57. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4? (1 word)
58. What help did Sullivan’s daughter provide? (no more than 10 words)
59. How does making toys for kids benefit Sullivan? (no more than 10 words)
60. How does Sullivan’s story inspire you? Please explain in your own words, (no more than 20
words)
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61.
假设你是晨光中学学生李津。你的英国朋友 Chris在最近的一封邮件中提到，他想改掉每天长时
间玩网络游戏的习惯，做更好的自己。请按以下提示写封回信：
（1）你也打算改掉的一个习惯（或缺点、不足）；
（2）它给你的学习或生活带来的影响；
（3）你的计划和决心。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100;
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
此处不能答题
Yours,
Li Jin
13绝密★启用前
2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）
英语笔试（第一次）参考答案
第I卷
第一、二部分（Key to 1～55）
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A
11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B
21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B
31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C
41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. A
51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
第II卷
第三部分
第一节
Some possible answers:
56. His father couldn’t afford a New Year gift and made him a wooden horse.
Or: His family was poor and his father made him a New Year gift.
57. Spend/Use/Invest.
58. She started a GofundMe to help raise money.
Or: She helped (her parents) to raise money.
Or: She started a GofundMe to help cover the costs.
59. It keeps his mind active and gives him a boost.
60. We should care about people around us and try our best to help those in need.
Or: We should take a positive attitude and lead an active life.
第二节
61. One possible version
Dear Chris ,
I’m delighted to receive your email and know that you have decided to overcome the addiction
to computer games.
Inspired by your plan, I' m determined to get rid of my bad habit of staying up late. Without
enough sleep, I can’t concentrate in class. As a result, I do poorly in most of my subjects and it’s
14hard for me to keep up with my classmates. What makes it worse is that insufficient sleep has af-
fected my health.
I intend to develop a sleeping habit of going to bed before 11 pm every day. It will be of
great benefit to my future study and health.
Let’s try our best to improve ourselves together!
Yours,
Li Jin
* 以上答案仅供参考
15
