2025考研英语二真题及答案启航版_考研英语真题_考研英语（二）历年真题_2025考研英语二真题及答案

2025 年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语二） 参考答案及解析 Section Ⅰ Use of English There are many understandable reasons why you might find it diffic ult to ask for help when you need it. Psychologists have been int erested in this 1 for decades, not least because people's widesp read 2 to ask for help has led to some high-profile failures. Asking for help takes 3 . It involves communicating a need on your part- there's something you can't do. 4 , you're broad casting your own weaknesses, which can be 5 . You might wo rry about coming across as incompetent.You might have 6 a bout losing control of whatever it is you're asking for help with. 7 someone starts to help, perhaps they'll take over, or get credit for your earlier efforts. Yet another 8 that you might be worried about is being a nuisance or 9 the person you go to for h elp. If you struggle with low self-esteem,you might find it espec 英语（二）试题及解析 第1页（共30页）ially difficult to 10 for help because you have the added worry of the other person 11 your request. You might see such refusals as implying something 12 about the status of your relationsh ip with them. To 13 these difficulties, try to remind yourself tha t everyone needs help sometimes. Nobody knows everything and can do everything all by themselves.And while you might 14 coming across as incompetent, there's actually research that sh ows that advice-seekers are 15 as more competent, not less. Perhaps most encouraging of all is a paper from 2022 by res earchers at Stanford University that involved a mix of contrived help -seeking interactions and asking people to 16 times they'd so ught help in the past. The findings showed that help-seekers g enerally underestimate how 17 other people will be to help and how good it'll make the help-giver feel (for most people, ha ving the chance to help someone is highly 18 ). So, bear all this in mind the nexttime you need to ask for help. 19 , take care over who you ask and when you ask them. And if some one can't help right now, avoid taking it personally.They might just be too 20 , or they might not feel confident about their ability to help. 英语（二）试题及解析 第2页（共30页）1. A. illusion B. discussion C. tradition D. question 2. A. reluctance B. ambition C. tendency D. enthusiasm 3. A. attention B. talent C. courage D. patience 4. A. At any time B.In other words C.By all means D. On the contrary 5. A. unrealistic B. deceptive C. tiresome D. uncomfortable 6. A. doubts B. concerns C. suggestions D. secrets 7. A. Once B. Unless C. Although D. Before 8. A. theory B. choice C. factor D. context 9.A.overpraising B. outperforming C. reassessing D. inconveniencing 10. A. reach out B. settle down C. turn over D. look back 11. A. declining B. considering C.criticizing D. evaluating 12. A. unnecessary B. negative C. strange D. impractical 13. A. explain B. identify C. predict D. overcome 14. A. deny B. forget C. miss D. fear 15. A. disguised B. perceived C. followed D. introduced 16. A. recall B. classify C. analyse D. compare 17. A. brave B. disappointed C. willing D. hesitant 18. A. relaxing B. surprising C. rewarding D. demanding 19. A. Thus B. Also C. Finally D. Instead 英语（二）试题及解析 第3页（共30页）20. A. polite B. proud C. busy D. lazy 【1】D. question 解析：空格的this回指上句中的问题why you might find it difficult to ask for help when you need it，因此答案是question（问 题）。 【2】A. reluctance 解析: 空格中的词的含义与上句中find it difficult相呼 应，因此选reluctance（犹豫）。 【3】C. courage 解析: 结合下⽂，there's something you can't do（有 些事你做不到）、broadcasting your own weaknesse（s 暴露⾃⼰的弱点） 以及coming across as incompetent（给⼈⽆能的印象），可以推知：向 他⼈求助需要courage（勇⽓）。 【4】B. In other words 解析: 结合空格的上下句，它们的含义相似，都是 在说⾃⼰的“不⾜”，因此答案是In other words（换⾔之）。 【5】D. uncomfortable 解析: 结合空格的前⾯的内容，承认⾃⼰的“不⾜”， 必然是uncomfortable（不舒服的）。 【6】B. concerns 解析: 结合空格的后⾯的内容（losing control of）， 由“失控”可以推知答案是concerns（顾虑、担忧）。 【7】A. Once 解析: 结合空格后⾯的内容：someone starts to help, perhaps they’ll take over, or get credit for your earlier efforts.（有⼈开始帮忙，也许他 们会接⼿，或者因为你之前的努⼒⽽得到表扬），这是⼀种假设的情况， 英语（二）试题及解析 第4页（共30页）因此答案是表条件的once（⼀旦）。 【8】C. factor 解析:由空格前的another可知，空格的单词的含义在前⽂出 现过，再结合that you might be worried about is being a nuisance or _____ the person you go to for help（你可能担⼼的是，给你寻求帮助的⼈带来麻烦或 ____），由于前⽂在分析“你不求助于别⼈”的原因，因此答案是factor。 【9】D. inconveniencing 解析:由空格前的and可知，空格的内容在含义上 与nuisance接近，因此答案是inconveniencing （不⽅便）。 【10】A. reach out 解析:根据前⽂出现过的go to for help、Asking for help 可推知，本题答案是含义差不多的reach out for help。 【11】A. declining 解析:由空格前的added worry可知，本题答案是other person拒绝（declining）your request。 【12】B. negative 解析:由空格前的such refusals 可知，something “不好的” about the status of your relationship with them，因此答案是negative（负⾯的）。 【13】D. overcome 解析: 由空格后的宾语是these difficulties（困难）, 以及下⽂说的：try to remind yourself that everyone needs help sometimes.（试着提醒⾃⼰每个⼈都有需要帮助的时候。），可以知道，此 时答案是“克服”困难。 【14】D. fear 解析:由空格后的coming across as incompetent（给⼈⽆能的 印象），可知答案是害怕担⼼（fear）。 英语（二）试题及解析 第5页（共30页）【15】B. perceived 解析:advice-seekers are _____ as more competent, not less.( 寻求建议的⼈被______更有能⼒，⽽不是更差。)，可知本题答案是： perceived （认为）。 【16】A. recall 解析:由空格所在句⼦asking people to times they'd sought help in the past.（让⼈们______他们过去寻求帮 助的次数），可知答案是recall（回忆）。 【17】C. willing 解析:由空格后的内容 how good it'll make the help-giver feel（这会让给予帮助的⼈感觉有多好）以及and可知，空格的 内容在含义是积极正⾯的，因此答案是willing。 【18】C. rewarding 解析: 由于空格所在句for most people, having the chance to help someone is highly______（对⼤多数⼈来说，有机会帮助别⼈ 是⾮常____）的含义是积极正⾯的，因此答案是 rewarding。 【19】B. Also 解析:根据空格的前⾯bear all this以及空格后⾯ take care over 可知，此时作者在提出建议（都是祈使句），因此它们之间的逻辑关系是 并列，因此答案是also。 【20】C. busy 解析: 由or以及句⼦they might not feel confident about their ability to help（他们可能对⾃⼰的帮助能⼒没有信⼼）可以知道，此时They might just be too____是在解释为什么别⼈暂时没提供帮助，因此答案是 busy（太忙了）。 英语（二）试题及解析 第6页（共30页）Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Text 1 21.According to Paragraph 1, the practice of tipping in the U.S. _____. A.was regarded as a sign of generosity B.was considered essential for waiters C.was a way of rewarding diligence D.was optional in most businesses 【21】B. was considered essential for waiters。解析：该题为细节题， 问“根据第⼀段，在美国给⼩费的做法_____”。⽂章第⼀段提到，历来，美 国顾客会给那些他们认为主要通过⼩费来获得⼤部分收⼊的⼈⼩费，⽐如 收⼊低于最低⼯资的餐厅服务员。由此可知，在美国给⼩费的做法对服务 员来说被认为是很重要的。 22. Compared with tips in the past, today's tips _____. A.are paid much less frequently B.are less often requested in advance C.have less to do with service quality D.contribute less to workers' income 英语（二）试题及解析 第7页（共30页）【22】C. have less to do with service quality。解析：该题为细节题， 问“与过去的⼩费相⽐，如今的⼩费_____”。⽂中提到，如今的⼩费请求往 往与过去决定⼈们何时及如何给予⼩费的薪资⽔平和服务规范不再挂钩。 在过去，顾客⼏乎总是在接受服务后才⽀付⼩费，例如在餐厅⽤餐结束后、 剪完头发后或披萨送达后。这种时间上的安排可以对优质服务进⾏奖励， 并激励⼯作⼈员提供优质服务。由此可知，现在的⼩费是在⽤餐前就已经 定好了，所以如今⼩费已经与服务质量关系不⼤了。 23.Tip requests are creeping into new kinds of services as a result of _____. A.the advancement of technology B.the desire for income increase C.the diversification of business D.the emergence of tipflation 【23】A.the advancement of technology。解析：该题为细节题，问“请 求给⼩费正在悄悄变成⼀种新的服务种类，由于_____”。⽂中提到，数字 ⽀付设备的普及使得向顾客索要⼩费变得更加容易。这有助于解释为何⼩ 费请求正在悄悄渗⼊新型服务之中。由此可知，原因是数字设备的普及， 即科技的进步。 英语（二）试题及解析 第8页（共30页）24.The movement toward no-tipping services was intended to _____. A.promote consumption B.enrich income sources C.maintain reasonable prices D.guarantee income fairness 【24】D.guarantee income fairness。解析：该题为细节题，问“取消⼩ 费这项运动的⽬的是_____”。⽂中提到，⼩费主要惠及部分⼯作⼈员，如 服务员，但并不惠及厨师和洗碗⼯等其他⼯作⼈员，为了确保所有员⼯都 能获得公平的⼯资，⼀些餐厅禁⽌收取⼩费并提⾼了价格。由此可知，取 消⼩费是为了确保收⼊公平。 25.It can be learned from the last paragraph that tipping _____. A.is becoming a burden for customers B.helps encourage quality service C.is vital to business development D.reflects the need to reduce prices 【25】A.is becoming a burden for customers。解析：该题为细节题， 问“从最后⼀段可以得知，给⼩费_____”。最后⼀段提到，许多顾客感到沮 英语（二）试题及解析 第9页（共30页）丧，因为他们觉得⾃⼰被要求⽀付的⼩费数额过⾼，且频率过⾼。⽽且， 正如我们的研究强调的那样，现在的⼩费似乎更具强制性，更加吝啬，⽽ 且往往与服务质量完全脱节。由此可知，现在，给⼩费对消费者来说正成 为⼀种负担。 Text 2 26. According to the first two paragraphs, the NHS _____. A. is troubled by funding deficiencies B. can hardly satisfy people's needs C. can barely retain its current employees D. is rivalled by private medical services 【26】B. can hardly satisfy people's needs 解析：该题为细节题，问“根 据前两段可知，（英国）国⺠医疗服务体系_____”。⽂章第⼀段提到，NHS 成⽴之初的愿景是提供⾼质量、及时的医疗服务，以满⾜其所服务⼈群的 主要需求，但如今这⼀模式已过时。第⼆段提到，超过680 万⼈正在等待 就医，对于那些⽆法选择⾃费接受私⽴治疗的⼈来说，医疗服务正变得越 来越难以获取，医疗服务的成本也越来越⾼。由此可知，NHS的愿景很美 好，但现在这个体系⼏乎不能满⾜⼈们的需求了。 英语（二）试题及解析 第10页（共30页）27. One answer to the crisis in health and care is to _____. A. boost the efficiency of hospitals B. lighten the burden on social care C. increase resources for primary care D. reduce the pressure on communities 【27】C. increase resources for primary care 解析：该题为细节题，问“对 于医疗保健领域的危机，⼀个应对⽅案是_____”。第四段提到，对于医疗 保健领域的危机，许多应对之策都已⽿熟能详。我们需要更有效地减少和 分散对医疗服务的需求，⽽不仅仅是管理需求。我们还需加⼤对社区和初 级医疗服务的投⼊，以减少对医院的依赖（Much more needs to be invested in communities and primary care to reduce our reliance on hospitals）。由此可知， 对于医疗保健领域的危机，⼀个应对⽅案是加⼤对初级医疗服务的资源投 ⼊。 28. “Reimagining health” is aimed to _____. A. reinforce hospital management B. readjust healthcare regulations C. restructure the health system D. resume suspended health reforms 英语（二）试题及解析 第11页（共30页）【28】C. restructure the health system。解析：该题为细节题，问“‘重新 构想健康’这个计划的⽬的是_____”。⽂中提到，改⾰组织正在启动⼀项名 为“重新构想健康”的新⼯作计划，该计划得到了来⾃三个主要政党的⼗位 前卫⽣⼤⾂的⽀持。我们共同呼吁就英国健康的未来展开更加开放和坦诚 的对话，并对我们仍然保留的以医院为中⼼的模式进⾏“紧急反思”。由此 可知，这个计划⽬的是改⾰⽬前以医院为中⼼的模式，即重构医疗体系。 这呼应了上⽂提到的“把更多资源给到社区等初级医疗服务机构”。 29. To maximise the nation's health, the author suggests _____. A. introducing relevant taxation policies B. paying due attention to social factors C. reevaluating major health outcomes D. enhancing the quality of healthcare 【29】B. paying due attention to social factors。解析：该题为观点题， 问“为了最⼤限度地提⾼国⺠的健康⽔平，作者建议_____”。⽂中提到，重 新构想健康必须从如何最⼤限度地提⾼国⺠健康⽔平的问题开始，⽽不是 仅仅“修复”英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）。例如，据估计，医疗保健在 健康结果中只占约20%的⽐重。更重要的是我们居住、⼯作和社交的地⽅ ——然⽽，政府并没有明确的跨部⻔战略来改善这些影响健康的社会决定 英语（二）试题及解析 第12页（共30页）因素。因此，作者的建议重视⼀些影响健康的社会因素。 30. It can be inferred that local leaders should __________. A. exercise their power more reasonably B. develop a stronger sense of responsibility C. play a bigger role in the health system D. understand people's health needs better 【30】C. play a bigger role in the health system。解析：该题为推断题， 问“可以推断，地⽅领导应该_____”。⽂中提到，改⾰想要探讨的是，在我 们的医疗体系中，权⼒和资源应该如何分配。哪些健康职能应该保留在中 央层⾯，哪些应该下放给通常负责创造健康服务且更了解当地⺠众需求的 地⽅领导者？由此可以推断，改⾰的⽅向是把某些职能下放给地⽅领导， 即让地⽅领导在医疗体系中发挥更⼤的作⽤。 Text 3 31. According to paragraph one, Nagpur's plan proposes measures to A. tackle extreme weather B. ensure construction quality C. monitor emergency warnings 英语（二）试题及解析 第13页（共30页）D. address excessive workloads 【31】 A tackle extreme weather 解析：该题为细节题，问Nagpur's plan 提出的各项措施的⽬的。⽂中提到过去⼏年中，⾼温⾏动计划（HAPs）如 ⾬后春笋般涌现。随即介绍⾼温⾏动计划的具体内容：规定官员应在何时 以及如何发布⾼温预警，并向医院和其他机构发出警报，然后给出Nagpur's plan 这个例⼦。由此可知，Nagpur's plan 中提出的各项措施主要是为了应 对⾼温天⽓，也就是应对极端天⽓。 32. One problem with existing HAPs is that they . A. prove too costly to be implemented B. lack localized alert-issuing criteria C. give delayed responses to heat waves D. keep hospitals under great pressure 【32】B lack localized alert-issuing criteria 解析：该题为细节题，问 现有的⾼温⾏动计划存在的问题。⽂中说their triggering thresholds often are not customized to the local climate（它们的触发阈值往往不是根据当地⽓候 定制的），这就是现有的⾼温⾏动计划存在的问题。 33. Mumbai's case shows that India's heat alert system need 英语（二）试题及解析 第14页（共30页）to . A. include other factors besides temperature B. take subtle weather changes into account C. prioritize potentially disastrous heat waves D. draw further support from local authorities 【33】A include other factors besides temperature 该题为例证题，问 孟买的例⼦表明印度的⾼温预警系统需要做什么。⽂中说 Mumbai’s April heat stroke deaths highlighted the need for more nuanced and localized warnings, researchers say. That day’s high temperature of roughly 36°C was 1°C shy of the heat wave alert threshold for coastal cities set by national meteorological authorities. But the effects of the heat were amplified by humidity—an often neglected factor in heat alert systems—and the lack of shade at the late-morning outdoor ceremony（孟买 4 ⽉份发⽣的中暑死亡事 件凸显了发出更细致、更本地化预警的必要性。当天的最⾼⽓温约为 36° C，距离国家⽓象部⻔为沿海城市设定的热浪警报阈值还差 1°C。但是， 湿度——这个在⾼温预警系统中经常被忽视的因素——以及深夜户外仪式 上缺乏遮阳物，都放⼤了⾼温的影响）。由此可知，印度的⾼温预警系统 不能只考虑⽓温这⼀因素，还需要考虑湿度等因素的影响。 英语（二）试题及解析 第15页（共30页）34. Kotharka holds that a vulnerability map can help . A. prevent the harm of high humidity B. target areas needing special attention C. expand the Nagpur project's coverage D. make relief plans for heat-stricken people 【34】B target areas needing special attention 解析：该题是细节题， 问的是Kotharka认为脆弱性地图能起到什么作⽤。⽂中说all cities should create a vulnerability map to help focus responses on the populations most at risk（所有城市都应绘制⼀张脆弱性地图，以帮助将应对措施重点放在⻛险 最⼤的⼈群上）以及 The Nagpur project has already created a risk and vulnerability map, which enabled Kotharkar to tell officials which neighborhoods to focus on in the event of a heat wave this summer（那格浦尔 项⽬已经绘制了⼀张⻛险和脆弱性地图，这让科塔卡尔能够告诉官员们， 如果今年夏天出现热浪，应该重点关注哪些社区），由此可知，脆弱性地 图可以帮助找出需要特殊关注的区域。 35. According to the last paragraph, researchers believe that HAPs should . A. focus more on heatstroke treatment 英语（二）试题及解析 第16页（共30页）B. apply for more government grants C. invite wider public participation D. serve a broader range of purposes 【35】Deserve a broader range of purposes 解析：该题为细节题，问 的是研究⼈员认为⾼温⾏动计划应该如何。⽂中说 Kotharkar’s team has been able to advise city officials about where to plant trees to provide shade. HAPs could also guide efforts to retrofit homes or tweak building regulations （Kotharkar 的团队能够向市政官员建议在哪⾥植树造林以提供树荫。 HAPs 还可以为改造房屋或调整建筑法规提供指导。）由此可知，研究⼈ 员认为HAPs的⽤途可以更加⼴泛。 Text 4 36. According to Paragraph 1, desire paths are a result of _____. A. the curiosity to explore surrounding hills B. the necessity to preserve green spaces C. the tendency to pursue convenience D. the wish to find comfort in solitude 【36】 C. the tendency to pursue convenience 解析：该题为推断题， 问的是欲望路径产⽣的原因。⽂中⾸句提到欲望路径是⼀个社区的⾮官⽅ 英语（二）试题及解析 第17页（共30页）⾜迹，揭示了⼈类⼼照不宣的偏好、共同的捷径和集体的选择，第⼀段末 尾还提到欲望路径代表了⼈类（和动物）最有效地从 A 点到 B 点的⾃然 能⼒。由此可知，欲望路径是出于便利⾼效。 37. It can be inferred that Ohio State University _____. A. intends to improve its desire paths B. leads in the research on desire paths C. guides the creation of its desire paths D. takes a positive view of desire paths 【37】D. takes a positive view of desire paths。解析：该题为推断题， 问“可以推断，俄亥俄州⽴⼤学_____”。第⼆段提到，俄亥俄州⽴⼤学允许 学⽣⾃由穿越校园中⼼的椭圆形草坪（Oval），然后按照学⽣已经踏出的 ⼩径铺设道路，形成了⼀张由学⽣们开辟的有效路线⽹。由此可看出，俄 亥俄州⽴⼤学对欲望路径持积极的态度。 38. The images on the Reddit webpage reflect _____. A. conflicting opinions on the use of desire paths B. the call to upgrade the designing of public spaces C. the demand for proper planning of desire paths D. growing concerns over the loss of public spaces 英语（二）试题及解析 第18页（共30页）【38】A. conflicting opinions on the use of desire paths。解析：该题 为细节题，问Reddit⽹⻚上的照⽚反映了_____。⽂中提到，Reddit⽹⻚展 示了当地⼩径的照⽚，这些⼩径上竖⽴着指示牌，要求⾏⼈遵守指定的步 ⾏道，这凸显了这些⼈为踏出的⼩径本⾝所具有的叛逆特性。这⼀冲突反 映了公共空间在⽤户驱动下有机演变与追求视觉策划和控制良好的城市环 境之间的持续博弈。由此可知，Reddit ⽹⻚上的照⽚反映了对于欲望路径 的两种不同态度之间的博弈。 39.The example of the Wickquasgeck Trail illustrates ______. A. the growth of New York City B. the Dutch origin of desire paths C. the importance of urban planning D. the recognition of desire paths 【39】 D the recognition of desire paths 解析：该题为例证题，问的是 Wickquasgeck Trail 这个例⼦阐述了什么。例⼦该段⾸先介绍了 Wickquasgeck Trail，这是⼀条由美洲原住⺠开辟的历史性欲望路径，⽤于 穿越曼哈顿的森林，以便在定居点之间快速移动。接着，段落描述了当荷 兰殖⺠者到达时，这条路径被拓宽并成为了岛上主要的贸易道路之⼀，当 时被称为de Heere Straat，或Gentlemen’s Street。在英国接管纽约后，这条 英语（二）试题及解析 第19页（共30页）街道被改名为Broadway。最后，段落指出Broadway 是纽约市少数⼏个打 破城市其余部分⽹格状布局的地⽅之⼀，它斜穿城市的部分区域。说明欲 望路径是由原住⺠开辟，后得到了殖⺠者的认可和改造。 40. It can be learned from the last paragraph that desire paths _____. A. reveal humans' deep respect for nature B. are crucial to humans' mental wellbeing C. are a human imitation of animal behaviour D. show a shared trait in humans and animals 【40】D show a shared trait in humans and animals 解析：该题是细节 题，问的是在最后⼀段中有关欲望路径的信息。⽂中说Animal desire paths... highlight the adaptability of these trails in both human and animal experiences （动物的欲望路径……突出了这些路径在⼈类和动物体验中的适应性），说 明欲望路径在⼈类和动物中都存在，即欲望路径展示了⼈类和动物的⼀个 共同特征。 Part B 41. Great ideas don’t stand alone. In other words, you can’t mention 英语（二）试题及解析 第20页（共30页）your suggestion once and expect it to be adopted. To see a change, you’ll need to champion your plan and sell its merits. In addition, you need to be willing to stand up to scrutiny and criticism and be prepared to explain your innovation in different ways for various audiences. 42. Sometimes it makes sense to go to your boss first. But other times, it’s useful to build a coalition among your co-workers or other stakeholders. When it works, it works great—because you’re ready for your stubborn supervisor’s pushback with answers like, “Actually, I connected with a few people in our tech department to discuss how much time these kinds of website updates would take, and they suggested they have the bandwidth.” However, just be certain you can explain your end-around approach as one that built your case, rather than simply circumvented your manager. The last thing you want is for your boss to feel embarrassed he wasn’t informed—which could lead him to quash the idea before it even takes off. 43. 英语（二）试题及解析 第21页（共30页）One of the biggest barriers to gaining buy-in occurs when the owner of an idea is viewed as argumentative, defensive, or close-minded. Because, let’s be honest: No one likes a know-it-all. So, if people disagree with you, don’t be indignant. Instead, listen to their concerns fully, try to understand their perspective, and include their concerns (and possible remedies) in future discussions. So, instead of saying, “Martha, our current slogan is confusing and should be updated,” you could try, “Martha raises a great point that our current slogan has a long history for our stakeholders, but I wonder if we might able to brainstorm a tagline that could build on that—and be clearer for new customers.” 44. New ideas are the grandchildren of old ones. In other words, don’t throw old solutions under the bus to make your improvement stand out. Remember that in light of whatever the problem the old system solved—or, maybe, has failed to solve in recent memory—it was a great idea at the time. Appreciating the older contributions as you suggest future innovations helps bolster the credibility of your 英语（二）试题及解析 第22页（共30页）idea. 45. When pitching a new idea, it’s important use the language of abundance instead of the language of deficit. Instead of saying what is wrong, broken, or suboptimal, talk about what is right, fixable, or ideal. For example, try, “I can see lots of applications for this new approach” rather than, “This innovation is the only way.” Be optimistic but realistic, and you will stand out. There is rarely value in pointing out a problem without also offering a solution. Innovation isn’t seeing the problem, it is being able to see a viable solution to the issue. So, use the steps above to pitch your new idea—they should help you overcome the barriers to buy-in so that people will be on board and excited. A. Stay positive. B. Respect the past, but don’t get stuck there. C. Use channels. D. Give it time. E. Expect (and invite) resistance. 英语（二）试题及解析 第23页（共30页）F. Be a salesman. G. Be humble. 【41】F Be a salesman. 其中“salesman”与⽂章中的“sell its merits（推销其优点）”对应。 【42】C Use channels. C项是对段2和段3的概括总结，即使⽤不同的沟通渠道来推⼴你的想法， ⽐如go to your boss firs（t 先去找你的⽼板）或者build a coalition among your co-workers or other stakeholders（与你的同事或其他利益相关者建⽴联盟）。 【43】G Be humble. G项是对段4和段5的概括总结。段4提到，没⼈喜欢万事通，所以如果 有⼈不同意你的观点，要充分倾听他们的担忧，试着理解他们的观点，并 将他们的担忧（以及可能的补救措施）纳⼊未来的讨论中。由此可知，段 4和段5主要讲述了在推⼴⾃⼰的想法或建议时，要保持谦逊的态度。 【44】B Respect the past, but don’t get stuck there. 其中“Respect the past”与⽂章中的“Appreciating the older contributions”对应。 【45】A Stay positive. 其中“positive”与⽂章中的 “optimistic”对应。 英语（二）试题及解析 第24页（共30页）Section III Translation 【46】 You know the moment—the conversation slows, then there's a pause. It's awkward, and so awkward that some people will panic and say anything. Do we all find such silences so stressful? Researchers analyzed the frequency and impact of gaps of greater than 2 seconds during conversations, including the overview of previous studies which indicates that the fear of awkward silences can be so extreme that people avoid talking to strangers, even though doing so this likely to be an enjoyable experience. During conversations with short gaps, people feel more connected to their conversation partners. But such feelings of connection markedly dip when entering a long gap. Long gaps between strangers are likely to be followed by a change in topic. But the opposite seems to be true for conversations between friends. Long gaps there saw increased connection. Between friends, longer gaps seem to provide natural moments for reflection and expression. 英语（二）试题及解析 第25页（共30页）第⼀段提出⽣活中的尴尬现象——在谈话中由于没话可说⽽停顿下来： 你知道那种时刻——谈话的语速变慢了，然后是停顿。这很尴尬，尴尬到 有些⼈会惊慌失措，想到什么说什么。我们都会觉得这些沉默的时刻很有 压⼒吗？ 第⼆段介绍针对谈话中停顿间隔的频率和时⻓所展开的研究： 研究⼈员分析了谈话中间隔超过2 秒的频率和影响，包括对先前研究的概 述，这些研究表明⼈们如此害怕尴尬的沉默，以⾄于避免与陌⽣⼈交谈。 尽管这样做可能是⼀种愉快的经历。 第三段分析了陌⽣⼈之间谈话时不同的停顿间隔时⻓带来的影响： 在停顿间隔时⻓⽐较短的谈话中，⼈们会觉得与谈话对象的联系更紧密。 但是，当进⼊⼀个较⻓的停顿间隔时，这种紧密联系的感觉会明显下降。 陌⽣⼈之间⻓时间的停顿间隔可能会导致话题的改变。 第四段分析了朋友之间谈话时停顿间隔时⻓所反映的亲密关系程度： 但朋友之间的对话似乎正好相反。较⻓的停顿间隔说明了更紧密的联系。 朋友之间，更⻓的间隔时⻓似乎为反思和表达提供了合理的时间。 英语（二）试题及解析 第26页（共30页）Section IV Writing Part A 【47】47.Directions: Suppose you are planning a short play based on a classic Chinese novel. Write your friend John an email 1) introduce the play and 2) invite him take part in it You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead.(10 points) 参考范⽂ Dear John, I hope this message finds you well! I’m thrilled to share that I’m planning a short play titled Journey to the West, based on the classic Chinese novel. This legendary tale of adventure and spiritual growth offers a unique opportunity to explore traditional Chinese culture through performance. Through the characters' journeys, we can also learn 英语（二）试题及解析 第27页（共30页）valuable lessons about perseverance, courage, and the triumph of virtue in the face of adversity. Rehearsals will begin next week, and we plan to perform at the end of the month. We’re looking for enthusiastic participants, and I would love for you to join us! If you're interested, please let me know! We’d be thrilled to have you on board. Yours sincerely, Li Ming Part B 【48】In your essay, you should describe the picture briefly, interpret the implied meaning and give your comments. 英语（二）试题及解析 第28页（共30页）参考范⽂ The bar chart above provides a clear overview of the main daily activities engaged in by elderly residents in a community. As illustrated, watching TV and walking are the most popular activities, with 90.8% and 86.3% of respondents participating in these activities, respectively. Meanwhile, cultivating flowers, reading, and playing chess are also common pastimes, enjoyed by 34.7%, 31.8%, and 18.4% of the elderly residents. These findings highlight the diverse range of leisure activities that older adults engage in, reflecting both their physical and mental needs. The data suggests that there is a growing emphasis on quality of life among the elderly. With more free time available after retirement, many older adults are seeking ways to enrich their daily routines through hobbies and social activities. This trend is likely influenced by the improving economic conditions in China, which have allowed seniors to allocate more resources toward leisure pursuits. Additionally, increased awareness of the importance of mental and emotional well-being has encouraged older adults to explore activities that promote cognitive health and social 英语（二）试题及解析 第29页（共30页）connections. In conclusion, the survey results underscore the significance of providing a variety of leisure activities for elderly residents. Encouraging participation in activities like walking, gardening, reading, and playing chess can not only improve health outcomes but also foster a sense of community and belonging among older adults. 英语（二）试题及解析 第30页（共30页）