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版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2

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版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2
版本一四级模拟2答案解析_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_四级密押试卷_新四级模拟卷全10套_版本一四级模拟卷_版本一四级模拟2

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Key to Model Test Two Part I Writing 高分范文 精彩点评 TheImportanceofChange ①开门见山引出引言,并解释其含义——表明改变的重 ① If you’re prepared to adapt and learn, you can 要性。 transform.” is a proverb that is being widely talked about, ②过渡句,点明改变对个人成长和进步具有重要意义。 whichindicatesthatchangeisofutmostimportance. ③④用Onthe onehand…和On the otherhand…分析改 ② Change is conducive to one’s growth and 变的重要性:赋予人们发现问题和解决问题的新思路; improvement in many ways. ③On the one hand, change 使人们在快速发展的当今社会保持竞争力。 endows us with a whole enchanted palace of thoughts, which ⑤总结上文,点明写作主旨:我们不应该一成不变。 provides us with a wider prospect and more innovative ideas ⑥以“世界上唯一不变的就是变化”再次强调改变的重 to locate a problem and fix it. ④On the other hand, the 要性。 competition in modern society actually is the competition of ⑦呼吁大家积极做出改变。 knowledge, competence and talented people. Only those who 加分亮点 change and emancipate their minds can keep pace with the Indicate表明 timeandmaintainacompetitiveedge. Utmost极为重要的 ⑤By all accounts, it’s time to put special emphasis on Conducive有助于……的 the importance of stopping being stuck in a rut. ⑥ endowsb.with…赋予某人…… Moreover,whatreinforces my sense ofchange is thatthe only emancipate解放,革新 thing constantis change itself, which is a kind of icing on the bestuckinarut一成不变 cake of life and makes it more colorful and no longer drab. icingonthecake锦上添花 ⑦Don’tbelieveit?Whynothaveatry? drab乏味的,单调的 Part II Listening Comprehension SectionA NewsReportOn PeoplefromLondonliketocalltheringingofBigBen“bongs.”Theymarkthestartofanewhour.(1)Thebell,known as“BigBen”inLondon,startedmakingitsbongs158yearsago.ButbeginningonAugust21,itwillgosilentforfouryears. The bell will ring for the last time at 12 noon. The bell will be disconnected from the clock as crews launch a major repair project in the tower. The clock, however, will continue to tell the time, silently. The only time people in London will hear thebellswillbeonRemembranceSunday,whichfallsonNovember12ththisyear,andNewYear’sEve. The renovation project will cost about $ 40 million, said Steve Jaggs. He is known as “The Keeper of the Great Clock.”(2)Jaggs said thegoalis to keepthe buildingsafeandthe famous timepiece working forfuturegenerations to enjoy. Theclockfacesandmanyoftheclock’smovingpartswillbetakenapartandcleaned. Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard. 1.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutBigBen?D) 2.Whatthepurposeoftherenovationproject?B) NewsReportTwo (3)Tennisplayers mustwearalmostallwhiteatWimbledon.Thatincludesshorts,shirts,hats,dresses,shoesandsocks. But when they get to New York in the late summer for the US Open, they let their personalities come out through their clothing. OnMondaynight,MariaSharapovaplayedinherfirstmajortournamentinoverayear.Shewassuspendedfortaking a banned drug in early 2016. She impressed the crowd with a shiny black dress.The dress shined because it was embedded withcrystals.Amongthemaleplayersatthetournament,peoplearetalkingabouttheclothingwornthisweekbyAlexander Zverev from Germany.(4)Zverev was the fourth-ranked player in the tournament. Tennis experts thought he could win thetitle.Against Darian King of Barbados, Zverev was wearing a tennis outfit similar to the one worn by Swedish star Bjorn Borginthe1970s.Hehadawhiteheadbandwiththinstripesholdingbackhislonghair.Heworeasimilarlystyledshirtand even completed the throwback lookwith high white socks.Tennis players have notworn those socks since the early 1980s. ZverevsaidhislookwasdesignedbysingerPharrellWilliams. Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard. 3.WhatcanwelearnabouttennisplayersatWimbledon?B) 4.WhatcanwelearnaboutZverev?A) NewsReportThree (5)Many people on an island in western Ireland are excited. They are celebrating a new beach. But actually, it is the return of an old beach. The people live in Dooagh, a small community on Achill Island. Older residents of Dooagh remember travellingdownto thecoastlineandwalkingonthe sand.Butduringastorm inthe1980s,the beachwas washed away.Allthatremainedwererocks,seaweedandsmallpoolsofwater.Inrecentweeks,thebeachreturned. Sean Molloy works for theAchill IslandTourist Office. (6)He told reporters that the sand began returning to Dooagh Baylastyear.Hesaidthewaterseemed brighterbecausetherewasmoresandbelow.Thenthisyear,afteraseriesofstorms inApril when the wind was blowing hard,the sandappeared alongthe coastline. Residents woke up one morning after low tidetosee300metersofsoftsand. AchillIsland is oneofthe western-most parts of Europe.(7)Abridge connects the islandwith therest ofIreland. Sean MolloysaidhehopesthebeachbecomesthesixthBlueFlagbeachonAchillIsland. Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard. 5.WhatmakesresidentsofDooaghexcited?C) 6.WhatdidSeanMolloysayaboutthebeach?D) 7.WhatcanwelearnaboutAchillIsland?B) SectionB ConversationOne W: (8)John, are you sure you haven’t seen the missing file? I could have brought it into this office with some other files. Pleasehavealookeverywhere.It’smarked“Confidential”andithasalimitedcirculation. M:Oh,Mary.Dogoaway.I’vegotmuchworsetroublesthanalostfile. W:But it’s serious.(9-1)The file has got all the details of the new desk range. Mr. Parker says if anyone copied copied our designs, it could put the work on the new desks back at least a year! (9-2)And we’re supposed to be launching them at theInternationalOfficeEquipmentExhibition. M:Mary,please,somethingmuchworsehasjusthappened. W:Why,what’sthematter? M:(10-1)I’vegotthesecurityofficercomingupinaminute.It’sjustamatterofalossof$300incash. W:Oh,on!Whendidthathappen,andhow? M:(10-2、11-1)Somebodycameinthismorning,bought$300worthofofficefurnitureandpaidincash. W:(11-2)Howodd.Don’tmostpeoplepaybycheque? M:Yes, usually, well, there was no one in theAccounts Department, so I went to get the key of the safe. When I got back, themoneyhadgone. W:Howterrible,John.Isityourresponsibility?Willtheyexpectyoutoreplacethemoney? M:Well,Ihaven’tgot$30,letalone$300…Oh,here’sthesecurityofficernow. W:Oh,beforeyoustart,I’mafraidIhavetoreportthelossofanimportantfile.It’saveryseriousmatter. Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 8.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodoforher?A) 9.Whatwillthespeakers’companylaunchattheInternationalOfficeEquipmentExhibition?C) 10.Whyisthesecurityofficercomingupsoon?D) 11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepersonpayingincash?C) ConversationTwoM: Hi, everyone, todaywe’re going to talk aboutBritish politeness.(12)Lots ofpeople think thatthe British are very polite. Ithinkit’squiteold-fashioned.Londoncertainlydoesn’tfeelverypoliteinrushhourinthemorning. W:I thinkonethingthatmakes peoplethinkwe’repolite isthatwesay“please”and“thankyou”alot.I don’tthinkpeople say“please”and“thankyou”somuchinotherplaces. M:Really? W: (13)Yeah. My Spanish friend said that when she first came to visit Britain, when she went to a café, she’d say “A coffee.” not “Acoffee, please.”That’s because in Spain, people don’t say “please” so often. For me, it feels quite rude, quiteimpolite,ifyoudon’tsay“please”whenyouaskforsomethinginashop. M:(14)Yeah,butitcangetsillysometimes,saying “please” and“thankyou“allthetime.Anyway,justsaying“please” and“thankyou”alotdoesn’tmeanyou’repolite.IthinkLondonfeelsquiteimpolite. W: Well, capital cities are often very different from the rest of the country. The other thing my friend thought was funny aboutEnglishisourpolitelanguage,like,“Excuseme,I’mverysorry,butIwonderifIcouldaskyouaquestion.”—that kindofthing. M: (15)Yeah, we seem to use a lot of words to say things when we want to be polite. But that’s polite language—does that meanthatwe’rereallymorepolitethanpeopleinothercountries?Ihavetosay,Idon’treallythinkweare,actually. W: To be honest, I don’t either. I don’t really think the British are especially polite. It’s probably the same everywhere— somepeopleareverypolite—andsomepeoplearenotsopolite. Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 12.WhatdoforeignersgenerallythinkofBritishpeopleaccordingtotheman?B) 13.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutherSpanishfriend?D) 14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofsaying“please”and“thankyou”allthetime?A) 15.WhatdoBritishpeopleusuallydowhentheywanttobepolite?A) SectionC PassageOne Primaryorelementaryeducationisthefirstyearsofformal,structurededucationthatoccursduringchildhood.Inmost Westerncountries,itiscompulsoryforchildrentoreceiveprimaryeducation. Primary education generally begins when children are four to seven years of age.(16)The division between primary and secondary education is somewhat arbitrary, but it generally occurs at about twelve years of age. Some educational systemshaveseparatemiddleschoolsforthatperiod.Primaryandsecondaryeducationtogetheraresometimes,inparticular, inCanadaandtheUnitedStates,referredtoas“K-12”education. Typically, primary education is provided in schools. The child will stay, in steadily advancing classes, until they completeitandmoveontosecondaryschools.Childrenareusuallyplacedinclasseswithoneteacherwhowillbeprimarily responsible for their education and welfare for that year.This teacher may be assisted to varying degrees by some teachers in certain subject areas, often music or physical education.(17)The continuity with a single teacher and the opportunity to build up a close relationship with the class is a notable feature ofthe primary education system. Over the pastfew decades, schoolshavebeentestingvariousarrangementswhichbreakfromtheone-teacher,one-classpattern. The major goals of primary education are establishing foundations in science, geography, history and other social sciences.(18)The relative priority ofvarious areas, andthe methodsused to teachthem, are anarea of considerable political debate. Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard 16.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedivisionbetweenprimaryandsecondaryeducation?C) 17.Whatisanimportantfeatureoftheprimaryeducationsystem?D) 18.Whatisanareaofpoliticaldisputeoverprimaryeducation?B) PassageTwo Mostofusknowthattheriskofgettingillisreducedwhenwelookafterourselves.Takingregularexercisehasproven to be good for our health. Scientists have found that the risk of getting cancer and heart disease is reduced when we take part in physical activity. Now they’ve found cycling to work is one of the best activities to do this. The five-year study of250,000UKcommutersalsoshowedwalkinghadsomebenefitsoversittingonpublictransportortakingthecar. Cycling to work is already popular in many cities across the world. (19)Some forward-thinking authorities have built cycle lanes to make the commute safer, as well as providing secure places to lock them up. Some companies also provide facilitiesfortheiremployees togetchangedandcleanedupwhentheyarriveatwork. Itallmakes goodsense.Accordingto people surveyed in this study,regular cycling cut the risk of death from any cause by 41%, the incidence of cancer by 45% andheartdiseaseby46%. For me, cycling to work is quicker and cheaper than using public transport and it’s my only form of exercise.(20)And whereasgoingtothegymtoloseafewpoundstakeseffortandcommitment,cyclingjustbecomepartoftheworkroutine. Butwhatexactlyis itthatis making cyclingamuch healthieroption?Theresearchfounditwasn’ttheresultofweight loss.(21)Itcouldbethatcyclistsareleanerandhavelowerlevelsofpaininthebody. Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 19.Whatisoneofthemeasuresforward-thinkingauthoritieshavetakentopromotecycling?A) 20.Whatisanadvantageofcyclingcomparingtogoingtothegym?B) 21.Whatmakescyclingahealthierchoice?C) PassageThree Takefivecolours:red,black,blue,greenandpurple.Howdotheymakeyoufeel? Red is, of course, considered fortunate in China.(22)Studies have indicated that red “raises blood pressure,” and claim that it stands out from other colours. Hemingway says it appears to be “coming towards you,” and so is useful for emergencyandalarmsigns,andalsoforconveying“urgency”ingeneral. Black has a different sense. In the West, it’s associated with death, but that hasn’t stopped it becoming a mysterious colour.Hemingwaysaysit’sthecolourofluxurybrands:thingslike“designerwatches”areoftenblack. Blue, by contrast, is cool and peaceful. The colour is a constant presence in our lives, says Hemingway, being the colour of the sky and the sea.(23)That gives it an air of being reliable, which makes it a firm choice with “banks and corporations.”Hemingwaysaysthisisalsowhyemergencyservicesoftenchoosethecolour. Green is, unsurprisingly, the colour of nature and the environment.(24)Giving a product green packaging creates the impression it is environmentally friendly. Hemingway also says that green is the colour of growth and movement: it’s used toindicate“go”ontrafficlights. Finally, we have purple, which is associated with valuable things.(25)In the past, purple dye was expensive because it was very difficult to produce, and it became the colour worn by royalty in manyWestern countries. These days, companies stillusepurpletomaketheirproductseemmoreexclusive,whetherthey’resellingchocolateorcigarettes. Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 22.Whatisthefeatureofredaccordingtostudies?B) 23.Whydobanksandcorporationstendtochooseblue?C) 24.Whatisthereasonforgreentobeusedforpackaging?A) 25.Whatmakespurpleassociatedwithvaluablethings?A) Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension SectionA 选项归类 名词:A)attempt 努力,企图; D)extent 程度,长度; J)place 地方,职位;B)designated 危险,风险 动词:A)attempt 努力,企图; B)designated任命,选定; C)engage参与,吸引; H)overwhelming使不知所措; I)persuade说服,劝服; J)place放置,安排 L)risk 使遭受风险; M)struggled 拼搏,奋斗; N)tried 尝试,努力 形容词:B)designated 指定的,选定的;F)nonexistent不存在的; G)obvious明显的,易理解的; H)overwhelming 难以抗拒的,巨大的;O)uninteresting无趣的,令人厌倦的 副词:E)innovatively创新的; K)rigidly严格地,僵化地 详解详析: 26.答案:N)tried详解:空格前是had,再结合本句的时间状语before可知,此处是一个过去完成时的句子,因此空格处应填入动 词的过去分词形式。通读下文内容可知,作者和同事爱丽丝采取了一种新的教学方式,而此处是说他们两个从前没 有尝试过类似的事情,故N)tried为本题答案。 27.答案:C)engage 详解:分析句子结构可知,空格前to在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作目的状语,因此空格处应填入动词原 形。该句提到,这本书解释了中学课堂应该如何把喜剧融入教学内容中,结合语境可知,这样做的目的是使学生参 与到学习过程中。故C)engage“参与,吸引”为本题答案。 28.答案:M)struggled 详解:分析句子结构可知,空格位于that引导的定语从句中,该定语从句缺少谓语,因此空格处应填入动词并且 能与with搭配使用。上文提到,这本书倡导中学课堂引入有趣的教学方式,让学生参与学习,因此此处是说这本书 激励我们改变教学方式,重视学习兴趣,而不再让学生只为了考试成绩而挣扎奋斗,故M)struggled “拼搏,奋斗” 为本题答案。 29.答案:G)obvious 详解:空格前是was,故空格处应填入动词的分词形式与was一起构成句子的谓语,或填入形容词作was的表语。 根据常识可知,在传统的教学模式下,课堂学习往往只重视学习成绩,因此教学楼里很明显会有一种学习的紧迫感, 故G)obvious“明显的,易理解的”为本题答案。 30.答案:H)overwhelming 详解:空格前是was,因此空格处应填入动词的分词形式与was一起构成句子的谓语,或填入形容词作was的表 语。由于传统教学模式更多地重视学习成绩,因此对于老师来说,为了提高学生的学习成绩,他们必须承受巨大的 压力,故H)overwhelming “难以抗拒的,巨大的”为本题答案。 31.答案:K)rigidly 详解:分析句子结构可知,本句句子成分完整,故应填入副词修饰aligned。该句提到,教育部门要求他们教授的 课程必须与15岁的阅读教科书一致,其中包含了关于瑞奇·马丁、冰钓和制图学等过时的文章,可推测这种教学 安排非常严格死板,故K)rigidly“严格地,僵化地”为本题答案。 32.答案:A)attempt 详解:空格前是冠词a(n),其后是不定式结构,故应填入名词,做介词的宾语。根据上文可知,教育部门让他们 教授古板的课堂内容,其目的就是为学生提供与初级水平相匹配的读物。故A)attempt为本题答案,以表明教育部 门这么做的意图。 33.答案:O)uninteresting 详解:空格前是并列连词and,因此空格处所填单词与condescending保持词性和意义上的一致,故应填入形容词。 上文提到,爱丽丝所发现的书倡导老师运用趣味性的教学方式,此处作者说自己拒绝教授教育部门规定的教学内容, 并解释其原因就是这些内容没有趣味性,故O)uninteresting为本题答案。 34.答案:B)designated 详解:空格前是定冠词The,空格后是名词curriculum,故空格处应填入形容词修饰句子的主语。上文提到,作 者拒绝教授教育部门规定的教学内容,此处是说“他们认为教育部门所_______的课程不会让学生感受到阅读和写 作的乐趣”,备选项中B)designated “指定的,选定的”符合语境,故为本题答案。 35.答案:L)risk 详解:空格前是定冠词the,且前面有动词take,因此空格处应填入名词作take的宾语。上文提到,普戈娄所写 的书倡导趣味性的教学方式,这与教育部门所规定的教学内容相矛盾,而此处作者和同事打算采取普戈娄的教学理 念,很显然这是冒着得罪教育部门的风险,故L)risk为本题答案,taketherisk意为“冒险”。 SectionB 语篇分析 本文主要分析了亚马逊取 A)~D)段描述了亚马逊的成功并对其隐患进行了分析。 得成功的原因及其成功背 E)~I)段从企业生命的两个维度——时间和业务范畴——对亚马逊的成功进行了分析。 后所面临的风险 J)~L)段指出了亚马逊成功背后的真正风险:随着公司的发展,政府会对其严加监管。详解详析: 36.Amazon has formed sound circles that push [F]Ine-commerce,themoreshoppersAmazonlures,themoreretailers its e-commerce, AWS and Alexa voice service and manufacturers want to sell their goods on Amazon. That gives forward. Amazon more cash for new services—such as two-hour shipping and 译文:亚马逊已形成了推动其电子商务、亚马 music—which entice more shoppers. Similarly, the more customers 逊网络服务和亚历克萨语音服务向前发展的良 useAWS, the moreAmazon can invest in new services, which attract 性循环。 more customers. A third virtuous circle is starting to whirl(迅速旋 定位:由题干中的 sound circles,e-commerce, 转)around Alexa, the firm’s voice-activated assistant: as developers AWS和Alexavoiceservice定位到原文F)段。 build services forAlexa, it becomes more useful to consumers, giving developersreasontocreateyetmoreservices. 详解:F)段末句提到,该公司的语音助手亚历克萨开始呈现出第三种良性循环:随着开发者为亚历克萨构建服务, 它对消费者更有用了,这让开发者有理由去创建更多的服务。由Athirdvirtuouscircle可知,该段还讲述了亚马逊的 另外两个良性循环。该段第一、二句提到了亚马逊的第一个良性循环是在电子商务方面;第三句表明了第二个良性 循环是在亚马逊的网络服务方面。由此可知,该段分别介绍了亚马逊呈良性循环的三个方面:e-commerce,AWS和 Alexavoiceservice。题干是对该段的概括总结,故F)为答案。 37. There is less chance of American [J]Andherelies realproblemwiththeexpectations surroundingAmazon.If government filing an antitrust lawsuit against it gets anywhere close to fulfilling them, it will attract the attention of Amazon because of its scale as a retailer and regulators. For now, Amazon is unlikely to trigger antitrust( 反 垄 断 customers’positivecomments. 的)action. It is not yet the biggest retailer in America, its most mature 译文:基于亚马逊作为零售商的规模以及 market. America’s antitrust enforcers look mainly at a firm’s effect on 消费者的正面评价,美国政府还不太可能 consumers and pricing. Seen through this lens, antitrust enforcers look 对它提出反垄断诉讼。 mainly at a firm’s effect on consumers and pricing. Seen through this lens, 定位:由题干中的lesschance,antitrust和 Amazonappearspristine(处于原始状态的).Consumersapplaudit;itisthe customers’positivecomments定位到原文J) most well-regarded company in America, according to a Harris poll.(AWS 段画线处。 isaboontostartups,too.) 详解:J)段第二句指出,一旦亚马逊快要实现投资者们的预期,它就会引起监管机构的注意。然后画线部分的第 二句进行了转折,表明亚马逊目前还不会触发反垄断行动。紧接着解释了两个原因:一是亚马逊还不是美国最大的 零售商;另一个是亚马逊还不符合美国反垄断执法部门对企业考查的标准。由此可知,亚马逊作为零售商的规模还 不是最大,并且消费者对其评价很好,故美国反垄断执法部门目前还不太可能对亚马逊提出反垄断诉讼。题干中的 its scale as a retailer 和 customers’positive comments 分别对应定位句中的 not yet the biggest retailer 和 Consumers applaudit,故J)为答案。 38. The two potential perils faced by Amazon [D]It is easy to tick off some of the pitfalls(隐患). Rivals will not come from its competitors and its leader Jeff Bezos stand still. Microsoft has cloud-computing ambitions; Walmart respectively. already has revenues nudging $500bn and is beefing up online. If 译文:亚马逊所面临的两个隐患分别来自于其竞 anything happened to Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s founder and boss, the 争者和领导者杰夫·贝索斯。 gap would be exceptionally hard to fill. But the striking thing about 定位:由题干中的potentialperils,competitors和 the company is how much o a chance it has of achieving such JeffBezos定位到原文D)段画线处。 unprecedentedgoals. 详解:D)段第一句表明亚马逊存在隐患。第二句和第四句列举了两个隐患:来自竞争对手和领导者的威胁。第三 句则是以微软和沃尔玛为例进一步说明竞争对手造成的威胁。由此可知,亚马逊面临的两个隐患是由其竞争对手和 领导者造成的。题干中的potentialperils对应定位句中的pitfalls;competitors是对定位句中的近义词。题干是对定位 句的概括总结,故D)为答案。 39. Amazon used to sell books online, but now the [A]Amazon is an extraordinary company. The former company has expanded its business scope into providing bookseller accounts for more than half of every new dollar cloud computing and manufacturing its own physical spent online in America. It is the world’s leading provider of products. cloud computing. This year Amazon will probably spend 译文:亚马逊以前在网上卖书,但如今已把其业务范围 twice as much on television as HBO, a cable channel. Its扩大到提供云计算和生存自己的实体产品。 own-brand physical products include batteries, almonds, suits 定位:由题干中的 sell books online, providing cloud and speakers linked to a virtual voice-activated assistant that computing和physicalproducts定位到原文A)段画线处。 cancontrol,amongotherthings,yourlampsandsprinkler. 详解:A)段第二句指出亚马逊以前在网上售书。第三句和末句则表示亚马逊如今还是云计算供应商和自有品牌的 实体产品生产商。由此可知,亚马逊的业务范围由原来的卖书扩大到云计算和生产自有品牌的实体产品。题干中的 used to sell books 和 providing cloud computing 分别对应定位句中的 The former bookseller 和 provider of cloud computing,故A)为答案。 40. It’s believed that Amazon will offer [I] Many of these services support Amazon’s own expansion and infrastructure of commerce with its AWS, rental that of other companies. The obvious example isAWS, which powers warehouse space, logistics center in Kentucky, Amazon’s operationsas well asthose of other firms. ButAmazon also checkout-free shopping technology and drone rents warehouse space to other sellers. It is building a $1.5bn delivery. air-freight hub(中心)in Kentucky. It is testing technology in stores to 译文:据说亚马逊将提供包括亚马逊网络服务、 let consumers skip the cash register altogether, and experimenting 出租仓库、肯塔基州物流中心、免结账购物技 with drone deliveries to the home. Such tools could presumably serve 术和无人机送货在内的商务基础设施。 other customers, too. Some think that Amazon could become a new 定位:由题干中的 infrastructure of,Kentucky kind of utility: one that provides the infrastructure of commerce, from 和dronedelivery定位到原文I)段。 computingpowertopaymentstologistics. 详解:I)段第一句提到亚马逊提供的很多服务对亚马逊自身的发展以及其他公司的发展都有利。第二句以亚马逊 网络服务为例讲述了云计算方面的服务;第三、四句以出租仓库和新建的肯塔基州航空货运中心为例介绍了物流方 面的服务;第五句分别以免结帐购物技术和无人机送货上们为例讲述了支付和物流两方面的服务。第六、七句进行 了总结,表明亚马逊提供的这些服务及有可能使其成为提供商务基础设施和公共事业。题干中的rentalwarehouse space, logistics center 和 checkout-free 分别对应定位句中的 rents warehouse space, air-freight hub 和 skip the cash register。题干是对该段的概括总结,故I)为答案。 41. The development of Amazon and the [K]But as it grows, so will concerns about its power. Even on changing attitude of regulators towards standardantitrustgrounds,thatmayposeaproblem:ifitmakesasmuch technology will possibly bring Amazon antitrust moneyasinvestorshope,aroughcalculationsuggestsits earningscould troubleinthefuture. be worth the equivalent of 25% of the combined profits of listed 译文:亚马逊的发展和监管机构对科技日益改 Western retail and media firms. But regulators are also changing the 变的态度都可能会使亚马逊将来面临反垄断 way they think about technology. In Europe, Google stands accused of 调查麻烦。 using its clout as a search engine to extend its power to adjacent 定位:由题干中的 regulators,technology 和 businesses. The comparative immunity from legal liability of digital antitrust定位到原文K)段。 platforms—for the posting of inflammatory content on Facebook, say, orthevettingofdriversonUber—isbeingchippedaway. 详解:K)段从两个角度分析了亚马逊将来可能面临反垄断调查的原因:前两句分析了一个原因,亚马逊的发展令 人们对其影响力的担忧随之增长,并以亚马逊的预期收入为例进行说明;第三句分析了第二个原因,监管机构正在 改变对科技的看法,并在接下来的两句中分别以谷歌和数字平台为例进行说明。题干中的ThedevelopmentofAmazon 和thechangingattitudeofregulatorstowardstechnology分别对应定位句中的itgrows和regulatorsarealsochangingthe waytheythinkabouttechnology。题干是对该段的概括总结,故K)为答案。 42. Amazon’s executives haven’t experienced the same [E] This is largely due to the firm’s unusual approach to two pressure as their counterparts in other companies due to dimensions of corporate life. The first of these is time. In an Amazon’s forward-looking strategy about continuing era when executives routinely whinge about(发牢骚)pressure investingine-commerceandAWS. to produce short-term results, Amazon is resolutely focused 译文:由于亚马逊对电子商务和亚马逊网络服务持续投 on the distant horizon. Mr. Bezos emphasises continual 资的前瞻性战略,该公司的高管们没有遭遇到和其他公 investment to propel( 推 动 )its two principal businesses, 司同行一样的压力。 e-commerce and Amazon Web Services(AWS),its 定位:由题干中的executive,pressure和e-commerceand cloud-computingarm. AWS定位到原文E)段画线处。详解:E)段画线部分将其他公司的高管们和亚马逊的高管进行了对比,表明其他公司的高管们面临着追求短期结 果的压力,而亚马逊却相反;紧接着具体解释了亚马逊的长远目标是持续投资以推动其两大主要业务。题干中的 forward-looking对应定位句中的thedistanthorizon;continuinginvesting是定位居中continualinvestment的同义转述, 故E)为答案。 43.Amazon remainsso high inmarket value [B]Yet Amazon’s shareholders are working on the premise that it is just for so long but so small in profit that no other getting started. Since the beginning of2015its share price has jumped by companyinhistorycanmatchwithit. 173%, seven times quicker than in the two previous years(and 12 times 译文:亚马逊维持如此高的市值这么久,却 faster than the S&P 500 index). With a market capitalization(市值)of 营利如此之少,史上其他任何公司都无法与 some $400bn,itis thefifth-most-valuable firm intheworld.Neverbefore 之相比。 has a company been worth so much for so long while making so little 定位:由题干中的 market value,profit 和 money:92%ofitsvalueisduetoprofitsexpectedafter2020. history定位到原文B)段画线处。 详解:B)段定位句表明,此前从未有过一家公司能维持如此高的市值这么久,却赚取如此少的钱:其92%的市值 来自于2020年以后的预期盈利。题干中的sohighinmarketvalue和noothercompanyinhistorycanmatchwithit分别 对应定位句中的worth somuch和Never beforehasacompany; sosmallinprofit是定位句中的makingso littlemoney 的同义转述,故B)为答案。 44. Despite Amazon’s setback in making [G]So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon’s smartphones, this business is now turning a heady valuation resembles a self-fulfilling prophecy. The company will profit. be able to keep spending, and its spending will keep making it more 译文:尽管亚马逊在制造智能手机方面遭受过 powerful. Their faith is sustained by Amazon’s record. It has had its 挫折,但这一业务如今开始盈利了。 failures—its attempt to make a smartphone was a debacle. But the 定位:由题干中的setback和smartphones定位 business is starting to crank out(快速大量地制造)cash. Last year 到原文G)段处。 cashflow(before investment)was $16bn, more than quadruple the level fiveyearsago. 详解:G)段定位句表明,亚马逊也有过失败——它曾经尝试制造智能手机失败了,但当前该业务开始获得大量收 益,题干中的setback和turningaprofit分别是对定位句中debacle和crankoutcash的同义转述,故G)为答案。 45. The investors’double expectations for [C]That is because investors anticipate both an extraordinary rise in Amazon suggest that it is likely to become revenue, from sales of $ 136bn last year to half a trillion over the next themostprofitablecompanyinAmerica. decade, and a jump in profits. The hopes invested in it imply that it will 译文:投资者对亚马逊的双重预期暗示着 probably become more profitable than any other firm in America. Ground 该公司有可能成为美国最赚钱的公司。 for skepticism does not come much more fertile than this: Amazon will 定位:由题干中的 investors,expectations have to grow faster than almost any big company in modern history to 和inAmerica定位到原文C)段画线处。 justifyitsvaluation.Canitpossiblydoso? 详解:C)段画线部分第一句指出,投资人对亚马逊的收入和利润两方面都有的预期;第二句中的Thehopes指代 第一句中的双重预期。由此可知,投资人对亚马逊的收入和利润两方面的预期暗示着其可能会成为美国盈利最高的 一家公司。题干中的suggest和islikelyto分别是定位句中imply和probably的同义转述;themostprofitablecompany 对应定位句中的moreprofitablethananyotherfirm,故C)为答案。 SectionC PassageOne 全文翻译: 你认为今天的孩子想成为医生或者律师?不是的。(46-1)YouTube明星是当今年轻人的头号梦想职业,至少 根据一家英国报纸的一项广泛调查来看,情况是这样的。 (46-2)其实吸引力是显而易见的:一些20多岁的人正通过在线玩电子游戏或分享美容秘诀赚取数百万。(47) 但是,他们不得不无休止的制作那些看起来理解、透明和真实的原创内容,而这种压力对包括埃森娜·奥尼尔在内 的一些人而言都太大了。埃森娜·奥尼尔以前是社交媒体人,公开贴出了自己由于过度曝光生活而经历的抑郁症和 焦虑症状。网络职业生活对24岁的劳伦·里希迈基来说也已成为一个挑战。有六百万人关注她的YouTube频道:LaurDIY, 话题涵盖了从家居装饰到她领养一只可爱的小狗。 这些明星大多数都在20岁到26岁之间(. 49)与电影明星或摇滚明星不同,这些视频明星独自做大部分的工作。 他们负责所有事务:策划、制作、扮演、导演、剪辑、编程、推广和营销。为了让焦急等待的观众满意,这些事情 他们每周至少要做两次。 这就是为什么劳伦·里希迈基不仅疲惫,而且接近崩溃的原因。自从她开始YouTube直播以来,她已经几近疯 狂的克服并突破了焦虑的界限。(48)她在看心里学专家,也在服用药物。这对她而言有效果。 (50)洛杉矶心理学家达娜·朱利安表示,作为YouTube明星,生活中最难处理的事情之一就是让某种不可能 成瘾的事情成为自己的职业。任何拥有Facebook,Twitter或Instagram账号的人都很熟悉炫耀的冲动。但是,现在 想象一下,正是数以百万计的点击率、点赞和粉丝将这种冲动放大了。 对于YouTube明星来说,当他们明显不堪重负时,应该被告知要离线一段时间。不要成为一个品牌。花一些时 间,再次成为一个人。 详解详析: 46. 答案:C) 定位:由题干中的YouTubestardom,numberone和 youngpeople定位到第一段第三句和第二段首句。 详解:事实细节题。由定位句可知,YouTube明星是当今年轻人的头号梦想职业。接着,第二段首句指明原因, 其吸引力是显而易见的:一些20多岁的人正通过在线玩电子游戏或分享美容秘诀赚取数百万。由此可知,年轻人 受到这种赚钱方式的吸引,因此想成为YouTube明星,故答案为C)。A)“他们喜欢在线分享美容秘诀”在第二段 第一句中提到“分享美容秘诀”,但这只是一种赚钱的方式,并不是原因,故排除;B)“他们认为这是最好的谋生 方式”,此处为绝对表达,故排除;D)“他们想出名并致富”,文中只提到赚取数百万,并没有提到出名的问题, 故排除。 47. 答案:D) 定位:由题干中的EssenaO’Neill定位到第二段第二至三句。 详解:推理判断题。定位句提到,他们不得不无休止的制作那些看起来易理解、透明和真实的原创内容,而这 种压力对包括埃森娜·奥尼尔在内的一些人而言都太大了。接着指出,她以前是社交媒体人,公开贴出了自己由于 过度曝光生活而经历的抑郁症和焦虑症状。由此推断,她现在可能不再是社交媒体明星了,故答案为D)。A)“她 因爱情生活而焦虑”,由定位句可知她的抑郁症和焦虑症状与爱情生活无关,故排除;B)“她假装真实、易接近”, 定位句提到他们不得不无休止的制作那些看起来易理解、透明和真实的原创内容,并未说她本身不真实、不易接近, 故排除;C)“她的债务和工作负担过重”,文中并没有提及债务,故排除。 48. 答案:D) 定位:由题干中的LaurenRiihimaki和各选项内容定位到第五段最后两句。 详解:事实细节题。文中第三段提到,网络职业生活对24岁的劳伦·里希迈基来说也已成为一个挑战。第五段 继续对她的情况进行说明:她不仅疲惫,而且接近崩溃。最后定位部分指出,她在看心理学专家,也在服用药物, 这对她有效果。由此可知,她在专家的帮助下,症状有所缓解,故答案为D)。A)“她领养了不止一只小狗”,文 中并没有具体说她一共领养了几只小狗,故排除;B)“她处在困惑、混乱的边缘”,文章只提到她不仅疲惫,而且 接近崩溃,并未提及困惑混乱等信息,故排除;C)“她变得敏感和疯狂”,文章提到自从她开始YouTube直播以来, 她已经几近疯狂的克服并突破了焦虑的界限,并非指她本人疯狂,故排除。 49. 答案:A) 定位:由题干中的moviestarsorrockstars,videostars定位到第四段第二至三句。 详解:推理判断题,定位句提到,与电影明星或摇滚明星不同,那些视频明星独自做大部分的工作。接着具体 说明他们负责的事务:策划、制作、扮演、导演、剪辑、编程、推广和营销。由此推断,一般而言,视频明星需要 掌握很多技能,故答案为A)。B)“工作时间更长”,文中只提到了为了让焦虑等待的观众满意,这些事情他们每周 至少要做两次,并未比较哪种明星的工作时间更长,故排除;C)“必须更为强壮”,文中没有提到强壮与否这个话 题,故排除;D)“观众更少”,文中只提到焦虑等待的观众,没有提及数量,故排除。 50. 答案:B) 定位:由题干中的DanaJulian定位到第六段。 详解:推理判断题。定位段提到,达娜·朱利安表示,作为YouTube明星,生活中最难处理的事情之一就是让某种可能成瘾的事情成为自己的职业;接着指出,任何拥有Facebook,Twitter或Instagram账号的人都很熟悉炫耀 的冲动;而正是数以百万计的点击率、点赞和粉丝将这种通报放大了。由此推断,许多年轻人热衷成为视频明星是 出于虚荣心,故答案为B)。A)“兴趣”,本项符合常识,但文中没有提及兴趣的问题,故排除;D)“启发”,文 中并未提到视频明星受到什么启发,故排除;D)“好奇心”,文中并没有提到相关内容,故排除。 PassageTwo 全文翻译: (51-1)几十年来,生物银行作为必不可少的研究工具得以保存。虽然很少有人怀疑分类保存具有良好表征的 组织、细胞和其他样本的科学价值,但这些研究平台还是引起了大量的法律和道德争议,特别是在获得研究样本的 同意以及对研究样本的控制方面。 在世界各地,数十亿公共和私人资金已经投资于生物银行,数百万人被要求捐赠生物材料和个人信息。(51-2) 但与此同时,基本的法律和道德规范仍然存在着严重的不确定性。 法律学者认为,其最常用的同意形式——即广泛或公开的同意——并没有遵守相关的法律规范,因此似乎有必 要同意程序采用一种更全面和具体的方法。(52)由于未来工作的细节是未知的,因此这种方法意味着为研究参与 者所提供的信息远远少于在具体同意的情况下传统披露的信息。 确实,一直以来许多研究发现,在大多数情况下,公众支持生物银行业务举措并相信研究界。(53)但这种支 持和信任是脆弱的。有很多社会力量,例如企业越来越多的参与生物银行的行动,这可能会削弱公共的信心。此外, 还有一些社会趋势可能会增强人们控制人体生物材料的兴趣。研究伦理争议可能会对公共的认知和同意政策产生深 远的影响。 (54)人们开始对生物权利感兴趣,虽然不具有普遍性,但也可能挑战生物银行的现行方式。事实上,遗传学 和干细胞研究等领域在热点新闻中获得了很多积极的报道,包括此类工作的潜在经济性。 在科学界内,生物银行是不可或缺的研究工具这个观念已被广泛接受,它对于弄明白复杂的基因-环境相互作用 至关重要。(55)毫无疑问,生物银行会延续下去。但我们需要认识到,尽管进行了几十年的学术论辩,但基本的 法律和道德挑战将会依然存在。 详解详析: 51. 答案:D) 定位:由题干中的biobanking定位到第一段第一句和第二段第二句。 详解:事实细节题。由定位句可知,几十年来,生物银行作为必不可少的研究工具得以保存;第二段第二句指 出人们的质疑;基本的法律和道德规范仍然存在着严重的不确定性,故答案为D)。A)“样本的同意和控制”,第 一段第二句提到这些研究平台也引起了大量的法律和道德争议,特别是在获得研究样本的同意以及对研究样本的控 制方面,这是人们争议的焦点,故排除;B)生物材料捐赠“,第二段指出在世界各地,数十亿公共和私人资金已经 投资于生物银行,数百万人被要求捐赠生物材料和个人信息,这是发生的事实,不是人们的质疑的问题,故排除; C)“研究样本的科学价值”,第一段明确提到很少有人怀疑分类保存具有良好表征的组织、细胞和其他样本的科学 价值,本项与原文内容矛盾,故排除。 52. 答案:C) 定位:由题干中的specificconsent定位到第三段第二句。 详解:事实细节题。定位句提到,由于未来工作的细节是未知的,因此这种方法(广泛或公开的同意)意味着 为研究参与者提供的信息远远少于在具体同意的情况下传统披露的信息,故答案为C)。A)“它遵循多种方法”,从 文中可知,公开的同意只是一种方法,不涉及其他,故排除;B)“它需要更多的参与者”,文章只提到了为研究参 与者提供信息,并没有提到人数的多少,故排除;B)“它遵循更少的法律规范”,第三段首句提到法律学者认为, 最常见的同意形式——即广泛或公开的同意——并没有遵守相关的法律规范,与规范多少无关,故排除。 53. 答案:A) 定位:由题干中的fragile定位到第四段第二句。 详解:语义理解题。定位句的前一句提到,一直以来许多研究发现,在大多数情况下,公众支持生物银行业务 举措并相信研究界。接着定位句出现了转折词But,随后作者就该句观点进行了解释说明:有很多社会力量,例如 企业越来越多的参与生物银行的行动,这可能会削弱公众的信息。由此推断,公众对生物银行业务举措及研究界的 支持和信任是脆弱的,故答案为A)。B)“不合逻辑的”,按照英文行文思路,作者在提到那种支持和信任不合逻辑 之后,就会对不合逻辑进行具体解释说明,很显然该句之后的内容与逻辑不相关,故排除;C)“持久稳固的”,从文中的But以及后面的内容可以看出,这与该段首句是转折关系,而非顺承或递进关系,故排除;D)“被破坏了的”, 本项符合文中所在句子的上文语义关系,但下文中除了提及会削弱公众的信心,还提到一些社会趋势可能会增加人 们控制人体生物材料的兴趣,研究伦理争议可能对公众的认知和同意政策产生深远的影响,可见这种支持和信任还 远达不到遭受破坏的程度,故排除。 54. 答案:A) 定位:由题干及各选项内容定位到第五段。 详解:推理判断题。首句提到,人们开始对生物权利感兴趣;接着第二句指出:事实上,遗传学和干细胞研究 等领域在热点新闻中获得了很多积极的报道,包括此类工作的潜在经济性。由此可知,人们对生物银行研究的兴趣 越来越大,出现了很多正面的宣传,看起来前途光明,充满希望,故答案为A)。B)“干细胞研究成为生物银行研究 的焦点”,文中只提到遗传学和干细胞研究等领域在热点新闻中获得了很多积极的报道,无法得出干细胞研究是重 点的结论,故排除;C)“人们的兴趣从研究转向生物权利”,该段首句提到人们开始对生物权利感兴趣,虽然不具 有普遍性,但也可能挑战生物银行的现行方式,第二句又举例说明生物银行研究领域的现状,显然两者不是非此即 彼的关系,故排除;D)“应该强调生物银行研究的经济潜”,文中没有提及应该重点关注其经济潜力的信息,故排 除。 55. 答案:B) 定位:由题干中的biobanking和各选项内容定位到末段最后两句。 详解:推理判断题。定位句提到,毫无疑问,生物银行会延续下去;接着指出:但我们需要认识到,尽管进行 了几十年的学术辩论,但基本的法律和道德挑战将会存在。再结合该段第一句可以判断,生物银行是重要的研究工 具,但也存在某些方面的问题需要解决,故答案为B)。A)“它是重要的研究工具,研究人员离开它无法工作”,虽 然首句提到在科学界内,生物银行是不可或缺的研究工具这个观念已被广泛接受,它对于弄明白复杂的基因-环境相 互作用至关重要,但并未说它对所有研究人员都不可或缺,本项属于绝对项,故排除;C)“它研究人类基因和环境 的功能”,文中只提到对于弄明白复杂的基因-环境相互作用至关重要,并没有提到功能问题,故排除;D)“关于 生物银行的争论将持续很长时间”,由该段最后一句可知,文中只涉及争论已经持续的时间,并未对将来持续的时 间进行预测,故排除。 Part Ⅳ Translation 参考译文 Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has a long history of more than 5,000 years. It is a summary of the experience ofworkingpeoplewhostruggle againstdiseasesover thousandsofyears. InTCMtheory. YinandYangareusedtoexplain physiological and pathological phenomena of the body. The concepts of Yin-Yang and the five elements(metal, wood, water, fire and earth)laid a theoretical foundation for TCM. TCM uses traditionalChinese medicine,acupuncture and many other therapies to make human body be harmony between Yin and Yang. Although there is still a huge gap between Western and Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine has been spread across more than 160 countries and regions aroundtheworldsofar.SomeevenjokethatTCMisthefifthgreatinventionofChina. 难点注释 1.第一句比较长,为了避免译文宂余,可像参考译文那样将其翻译为两个句子。也可以将“中医”作主语,“是中 国古代劳动人民几千年来对抗疾病的经验总结”作谓语,将“有五千多年的历史”译为with结构的状语成分,故本 句还可译为“With a long history of more than 5,000 years, traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a summary of the experienceof…”。除此之外,还可将”有五千多年的历史“译为一个定语从句,即 “TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM), whichhasalonghistoryofmorethan5,000years,isasummaryof…”。 2.第二句中,可以按照原文以“中医学”为主语,即“TCMtheoryusesYinandYangtoexplain…”,也可以像参考译文 中那样以“阴阳”作主语,采用被动句式,即“InTCMtheory,YinandYangareusedtoexplain…”。 3.第三句中,“是……的基础“可用短语laya…foundationfor…或serveasthebasisfor/of…来表达。 4.第四句中,“使用……”可译为动词结构use…,也可译为介词短语结构byusing…;“阴阳调和”可译为形容词 短语,表示一种状态,也可将其译为动词短语 balance/regulate Yin and Yang。因此,本句还可译为“TCM balances/regulates Yin and Yang inside human body by using traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and many other therapies.”。 5.第五句中,“很大的鸿沟“可译为ahugegap。此外,如果采用意译法,有鸿沟意味着大不相同,因此第一个分句还可译为“AlthoughChinesemedicineissodifferentfromWestern’s。 6.最后一句中,“戏称”可以像参考译文中那样译为动词结构jokethat…,也可译为joke的名词结构thereisajoke that…。