Word 3

词汇自检

词汇自检（Vocabulary Self-check）

– age
– even
– think
– dry
– enthusiastic
– participate
– intensity
– blood
– year-long
– rubber band
– broken
– shape
– balance
– aerobic
– during
– spokeswoman
– heart
– flexible
– specialist
– otherwise
– training
– guidance
– intense
– repeat
– efficient
– drawer
– fortunately
– participant
– time
– remarkable
– sweet spot
– exactly
– oxygen
– year
– midlife
– randomly
– second
– fit
– already
– difference

2020全国I卷阅读C篇

Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

28  Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

A  They must run long distances.

B They are qualified for the marathon.

C They have to follow special rules.

D They are good at swinging their legs.

29  What advantage does race walking have over running?

A It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B  It’s less challenging physically.

C It’s more effective in body building.

D It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

A Getting experts’ opinions.

B Having a medical checkup.

C Hiring an experienced coach.

D Doing regular exercises.

31  Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

A  Skeptical.

B  Objective.

C  Tolerant

D  Conservative.

必背词汇

① race 速度竞赛；种族，民族
 racial  种族的
②  fitness  健身，适合，

③ benefit 益处，优势，  有益于

④ contribute to(=lead to/ cause)

造成，促成

⑤injury 伤害，受伤处

必背词汇（英语+汉语）

⑥ conditioned /kənˈdɪʃənd/ adj. 有条件的

– condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ v. 影响；限制 n. 条件；状况
– constraint /kənˈstreɪnt/ n. 限制；约束

⑦ track /træk/ n. 轨道；踪迹 v. 跟踪

– track and field event 田径项目
– trace /treɪs/ v. 追踪

⑧ rule /ruːl/ n. 规则 v. 统治

– ruler /ˈruːlə(r)/ n. 直尺；统治者

⑨ require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 要求；需要

– inquire /ɪnˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 询问，打听
– acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 得到

⑩ knee /niː/ n. 膝盖

⑪ straight /streɪt/ adj. 直的 adv. 笔直地

– straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj. 简单的；坦率的
– strait /streɪt/ n. 海峡；水道；困境

⑫ swing /swɪŋ/ n. 摆动，秋千 v. 摇摆

⑬ remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 保持不变

– contract /ˈkɒntrækt/ n. 合同；契约 /kənˈtrækt/ v. 收缩；感染

⑭ contact /ˈkɒntækt/ n. 接触，联系 v. 联系

⑮ at all times 总是

⑯ attractive /əˈtræktɪv/ adj. 有吸引力的

– attract /əˈtrækt/ v. 吸引
– tractor /ˈtræktə(r)/ n. 拖拉机
– distracted /dɪˈstræktɪd/ adj. 注意力分散的

⑰ assistant /əˈsɪstənt/ n. 助理

⑱ professor /prəˈfesə(r)/ n. 教授

⑲ demanding /dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/ adj. 要求高的；苛求的

– demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ v. 要求

⑳ calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 计算

– calculate /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ v. 计算

㉑ pace /peɪs/ n. 速度，步速；步伐

㉒ burn /bɜːn/ v. 燃烧；着火，烧伤

㉓ approximately /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ adv. 大概

㉘ as a result (= as a consequence) 因此，结果

㉙ associate /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ v. 联系

– associate…with… 把……与……联系起来

㉚ considerable /kənˈsɪdərəbl/ adj. 相当大的

– considerate /kənˈsɪdərət/ adj. 体贴的

㉛ stress /stres/ n. 压力；紧张 v. 强调，着重

– stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑的

㉜ ankle /ˈæŋkl/ n. 脚踝

㉝ hip /hɪp/ n. 臀部

㉞ cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs/ adj. 谨慎的

㉟ adopt /əˈdɒpt/ v. 采用；收养

– adapt /əˈdæpt/ v. 适应；改编
– adaptation /ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/ n. 适应；改编本

㊱ consult /kənˈsʌlt/ v. 咨询，商议

– consultation /ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn/ n. 咨询；磋商
– consultant /kənˈsʌltənt/ n. 顾问；咨询者

㊲ coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练；长途客车

㊳ experienced /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/ adj. 有经验的

㊴ proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 合适的；恰当的

– appropriate /əˈprəʊpriət/ adj. 合适的 /əˈprəʊprieɪt/ v. 挪用；占用

㊵ technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技术；技巧