ARTICLE · 1021599
200个句子解决高中英语 4500 词汇-专题8(71-80) (含句子分析和词汇拓展)
71.He has been away from home for almost one month, so he is likely to lack food for lack of cash, his father estimated.
他已经离家出走近一个月了,所以他可能因为缺少现金而买不起食物,他父亲估计道。
句子分析:
--主语: his father
--谓语: estimated
--宾语: 其余部分均为宾语, 是由 so 连接的两个分句; 分句主语: he & he; 谓语: has been away & is likely to lack; 宾语: food; 状语: from home 是地点状语; for almost one month 是时间状语; for lack of cash 是原因状语;
词汇:
--be away from 表示“离开(某地)”、“不在(某处)”。后接离开的地点。
be away后不接地点时, 表示“外出, 不在”。
--be likely to 表示“很可能做某事”, 指某事发生的可能性很大。同义转换: it is probable that ...
反义词组: be unlikely to do sth. 不太可能做某事;
likely (adj./adv.) 可能的(地)
形容词: likely
副词: likely (美式英语中常用, e.g. I will most likely go.; probably (更正式、通用)
名词: likelihood 可能性;
反义词: unlikely (adj.), unlikely (adv.), unlikelihood (n.);
--lack v. & n.;
动词vt. lack sth.直接接宾语, 表示“缺乏...”;
名词: for lack of... 或 through lack of..., 表示“由于缺乏...”, 在句中作原因状语。
be lacking in后通常接抽象名词, 表示“在...方面不足”。He is not lacking in intelligence.
lacking adj. 缺少的, 不足的;
--estimate (v./n.) 估计; 名词: 估计, 估价单;
estimation n. 判断, 评价, 尊重;
in my estimation 依我判断
hold sb. in high estimation 非常敬重某人
estimated adj. 估计的, 预估的; estimable adj.值得尊敬的;
72.The first time they went abroad, the tourists were so curious about everything that they couldn’t help purchasing many goods, which made it difficult to control the budget.
游客们第一次出国时会对一切充满好奇心以至于禁不住会买很多东西,这样一来就很难控制预算了。
句子分析:
--主语: the tourists
--谓语: were
--表语: curious
--时间状语从句: the first time they went abroad; the first time 在这里起了连词的作用, 引导时间状语从句;
--结果状语从句: that they couldn’t help purchasing many goods. So... that... 如此...以至于的句型结构;
--非限定性定语从句: which made it difficult to control the budget, 先行词指的是前面的内容; it 是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是 to control the budget; difficult 是宾补;
词汇:
--curious adj. 好奇的, 求知欲强的; 奇特的, 古怪的;
be curious about sth. 对……感到好奇;
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事; e.g. She was curious to know what happened.
out of curiosity 出于好奇
arouse / satisfy one’s curiosity 激起/满足某人的好奇心
curiosity n. 好奇心; 奇物
curiously adv.好奇地; 奇怪地
近义: inquisitive 爱探究的;
反义: indifferent 漠不关心的; uninterested 不感兴趣的; 冷淡的; 漠不关心的;
--purchase v. 购买, 采购 (比 buy 正式, 多用于书面语、商务语境); n. 购买; 购得之物;
purchase sth. (from sb./sp.) 从…… 购买某物
make a purchase 下单, 购物; purchase price 购买价格
impulse purchase 冲动消费 purchase budget 采购预算
purchaser n.买方, 购买者
--control v. 控制, 管理, 支配; n. 控制(权); 管制
control sth. 控制 / 管控某物
lose control (of sth.) 失去对……的控制 under control 在掌控之中
out of control 失控 take control of 接管
quality control 质量控制 remote control 遥控
controller n.管理者; 控制器
controllable adj.可控制的; uncontrollable adj.无法控制的
--budget n. 预算; 专款; v. 编制预算; 合理安排(开支); adj. 价格低廉的; 花钱少的;
budget for sth. 为……做预算安排
budget sth. 规划开支
control / stick to / keep to a budget 控制/遵守预算
on a tight budget 预算紧张
within (one’s) budget 在预算范围内
budget deficit / surplus 预算赤字/盈余
over budget 超预算
cut the budget 削减预算
形容词: budgetary 预算的
近义词: allowance 月度零花钱, 津贴;
expense 开销, 花费 (复数 expenses)
73.The different kinds of media make it possible that we obtain a large amount of valuable information in time.
各种各样的媒体使我们有可能及时地获得许多有价值的信息。
句子分析:
--主语: the different kinds (of media)
--谓语: make
--宾语: it 是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是 that 引导的宾语从句; 从句主语: we, 谓语: obtain, 宾语: a large amount of valuable information. possible 是宾补; in time 是时间状语;
词汇:
--media n. 媒体, 传媒; 媒介, 介质; (medium 的复数形式, 集合名词)
mass media 大众传媒 social media 社交媒体
media coverage媒体报道 media literacy媒介素养
rely on / turn to the media依赖/求助于媒体 exposed to the media接触媒体
近义: press 新闻界
--obtain v. 获得, 得到 (比 get 正式); (规则、习俗等) 通行, 存在 (正式/文学)
obtain sth. 获得某物
obtain sth. from sb./sth. 从…… 处得到某物
obtainable adj. 可获得的 unobtainable adj. 无法获得的
--in time 及时, 来得及; 最终, 迟早;
do sth. in time 及时做某事;
in time to do sth. 及时做某事;
in time for + n. 赶得上……
on time 准时(按规定时间点, 一分不差)
at times 有时 = sometimes
from time to time 偶尔
74.Many countries are reported to be taking measures to research and develop the new sort of cars so as to face the energy crisis.
据报道, 很多国家正采取各种手段研发新型汽车, 以应对能源危机。
句子分析:
--主语: many countries
--谓语: are reported
--主补: to be taking measures to research and develop the new sort of cars
--目的状语: so as to face the energy crisis
词汇:
--measure v. 测量; 估量; 采取措施; n. 措施; 尺寸; 度量;
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
take effective / strict / preventive / urgent measures
safety / security measures 安全/安保措施
beyond measure 无法估量
for good measure 额外再加一点
measurable adj. 可衡量的
measurement n. 测量; 尺寸
--research n. & v. 研究, 调研;
research and development (R&D) 研发 carry out / conduct / undertake research
research into / on sth. 对……的研究
research findings 研究结果
researcher n.研究员
researchable adj.可研究的
--develop v. 开发, 研制; 发展, 成长; 养成(习惯); 患上(疾病);
develop sth. 研发 / 开发某物
develop from… into… 从……发展为……
develop into… 成长为, 发展成
well-developed / underdeveloped 发达的/欠发达的
development n.发展; 研发成果 developer n.开发者, 开发商
developed adj. 发达的 developing adj. 发展中的
undeveloped adj.未开发的
--sort n. 种类, 类别 v. 分类, 整理
a sort of… 一种……
all sorts of… 各种各样的
sort out 整理; 解决(问题)
of this sort / of that sort 这类/那类
--crisis n. 危机; 危急关头, 转折点; 不规则复数: crisis → crises
energy crisis 能源危机(原句)
financial / economic crisis 经济危机
face a crisis 面对危机
solve a crisis 化解危机
in crisis 处于危机中
crisis management 危机管理
75.Not until the entire river was covered with rotten fish which died from acid rain did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.
直到整条河里漂满了酸雨导致的死鱼, 村民们才意识到污染有多严重。
句子分析:
--主语: the villagers
--谓语: did realize
--宾语从句: how serious the pollution was
--时间状语从句: not until the entire river was covered with rotten fish
--定语从句: which died from acid rain
词汇:
--entire adj. 整个的, 全部的, 完整的
entirely adv.完全地
entirety n.整体, 全部
--cover v. 覆盖, 铺满; 涉及(话题); 行走(路程); 报道(新闻); n. 封面; 遮盖物; 掩护
be covered with / by sth. 被……覆盖
cover A with B 用 B 盖住 A(主动)
cover an area of… 面积达……
cover a topic / issue 涉及一个话题
cover the cost / expense 承担费用
from cover to cover 从头到尾(书)
coverage n. 覆盖范围; 报道; 保险
76.The local officials admitted that it was time for the whole city to take specific action to control the quantity of the private vehicles so as to relieve the traffic burden during the rush hours.
当地官员承认是时候全市采取行动控制私车数量,以缓解高峰时期的交通压力。
句子分析:
--主语: the local officials
--谓语: admitted
--宾语: that 引导的宾语从句, 从句主语: it 是形式主语, 真正主语: to take specific action to control the quantity of the private vehicles, 谓语: was; 表语: time; for 引出的是不定式 to take specific action 的逻辑主语;
--so as to relieve the traffic burden 是目的状语;
--during the rush hours 是时间状语;
词汇:
--local adj. 当地的, 地方的, 局部的; n. 当地人, 本地人
locally adv.当地地, 本地地
--official n. 官员, 要员; adj. 公务的, 公职的; 正式的, 官方的; 公开的; 公布的; 公务的;
反义词: unofficial;
officially adv.;
--admit v. 承认; 准许...进入(某处); 准许…加入(俱乐部、组织); 接收(入学); 接收入院; 收治;
admission n. 准许加入, 加入权, 进入权; 承认, 招认, 招供; 入场费; 门票费;
admissible adj.可接受的, 受理的;
--take action (to do sth.) 采取行动
--specific adj. 明确的, 具体的, 特定的, 特有的; 独特的
--vehicle n. 交通工具, 车辆; 手段, 工具;
--relieve v. 减轻, 缓解, 缓和
relief n. 宽慰, 轻松; 解脱; 减轻, 消除, 缓和
--burden n. 重担, 负担; v.(使)担负, 负重
--rush hour (上下班时的)交通高峰期
77.He hurried to the railway station out of breath, only to be told that the train leaving for Shanghai had been away for half an hour.
他上气不接下气地赶到了火车站,不料却被告知开往上海的火车已经离开半小时了。
句子分析:
--主语: he;
--谓语: hurried;
--to the railway station 是地点状语, out of breath 是方式状语; only to be told that 引导的是结果状语从句: 主语 the train, 谓语 had been away, leaving for Shanghai 是定语, 修饰the train; for half an hour 是时间状语;
词汇:
--hurry v. 赶快, 匆忙, 急忙; 迅速移动, 迅速处理; 催促(某人); n. 匆忙, 急忙
in a hurry (to do sth.) 迅速, 赶快; 仓促, 匆忙;
in no hurry (to do sth.) 有足够的时间, 不着急(做某事); 不想, 不情愿(做某事);
--breath n. 呼吸的空气; 一次吸入的空气;
breathe v.呼吸, 低声说;
breathless adj.气喘吁吁的, 上气不接下气的; (令人)屏息的, 目瞪口呆的; 令人窒息的; 无风的;
out of breath 喘不上气, 透不过气来;
hold one’s breath 屏气; 屏息以待; 焦虑地等待
take one’s breath away 令人惊叹; 让人叹绝
78.While the class teacher put emphasis on the importance of doing homework independently, his students still spent most of the time copying others’ homework.
班主任强调了独立完成作业的重要性,但学生们仍然抄作业。
句子分析:
--主语: his students
--谓语: spent
--宾语: most of the time
--状语: copying other’s homework
--while 引导的是让步状语从句, 主语: the class teacher, 谓语: put, 宾语: emphasis, 状语: on the importance of doing homework independently;
词汇:
--emphasis n. 强调; 重视; 重要性; 加重语气, 重读;
emphasize v.强调; 重视; 着重; 使突出; 重读;
put/lay/place emphasis on sth. 强调/重视某事
--spend v.用, 花(钱/时间), 度过, 花费, 消耗; n. 花销, 花费, 开销;
spend time/money on sth;
spend time/money (in) doing sth.
--copy v.复印, 抄写, 模仿, 仿效, 作弊, 抄袭; n. 复印件, 副本, 复制品; 一本, 一册, 一份;
79.After a thorough inspection, the repairman gave me a disappointing report that the reason why my car broke down was that the pipe had been damaged because of the freezing weather.
在彻底检查后,修理工给了我一份失望的报告,说车子坏了的原因是由于天太冷管子受损。
句子分析:
--主语: the repairman
--谓语: gave
--宾语: me, a disappointing report
--同位语从句: that the reason why my car broke down was that the pipe had been damaged because of the freezing weather; 主语: the reason, 定语: why my car broke down, 谓语: was, 表语: that 引导的表语从句, 表语从句主语: the pipe, 谓语: had been damaged, 原因状语: because of the freezing weather.
词汇:
--thorough adj. 彻底的; 完全的; 深入的; 细致的; 十足的; 彻头彻尾的; 完完全全的;
thoroughly adv.非常; 极其; 彻底; 完全;
thoroughness n.全面, 认真, 仔细;
--inspection n. 视察, 检查; 查看; 审视;
inspect v.检查; 查看; 审视;
inspector n.检查员; 视察员; 巡视员; 巡官
--break down (机器或车辆)出毛病, 损坏; (讨论、关系或系统)失败, 破裂, 失灵; 分解; 捣毁; 拆除; 消除,破除(障碍或偏见)
--freezing adj. 极冷的
freeze v.冻结, 结冰
frozen adj.冷冻的, 冰冻的, 呆若木鸡的, 一动不动的;
80.What was it that you talked about with the girl in blue when you were crossing the street yesterday afternoon?
昨天下午你在过马路时和那个蓝衣女孩在讨论什么啊?
句子分析:
--主语: it是形式主语, 真正主语 that 引导的主语从句, 从句主语: you, 谓语: talked about;
--谓语: was;
--表语: what;
--with the girl 是方式状语, in blue 是定语, 修饰 the girl;
--when you were crossing the street yesterday afternoon 是时间状语;
词汇:
--talk about 讨论, 谈论;
--cross v.穿越; 越过; 横过; 渡过; 交叉; 相交; 反对, 反驳, 否定; n.叉字形记号; 十字形记号; 十字架, 十字勋章; adj.恼怒的; 十分愤怒的; 生气的
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