ARTICLE · 1204043
小学英语 52 个常用句型大全
小学英语 52 个常用句型大全,按场景重新分类整理 · 附实用例句。
本文整理了小学英语语法中52 个常用句型,按日常使用场景归为 11 大类,并为每个句型补充了贴近生活的实用新例句,方便家长辅导、孩子背诵与仿写练习。
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一、介绍 · 存在 · 指示
用于打招呼、介绍他人、说明某地有某物或指示远近事物。
1This/That is…
用法:这是/那是……(this 指近,that 指远)
·This is my new deskmate, Lily. 这是我的新同桌莉莉。
·That tall man is our headmaster. 那位高个子先生是我们校长。
2There be (is/are)…
用法:某处有某人或某物,be 与最近的名词保持数的一致
·There is a big supermarket near my home. 我家附近有家大超市。
·There are many books on the shelf. 书架上有很多书。
3Here is/are…
用法:这里有……
·Here is your English book. 给你英语书。
·Here are some flowers for you. 送你一些花。
4What's this/that?
用法:询问这是/那是什么(回答用 it)
·—What's this? —It's a horse. 这是什么?这是一匹马。
·—What's that? —It's an eraser. 那是什么?那是一块橡皮。
二、时间 · 日期 · 星期
围绕「几点、几号、星期几」提问与回答。
5It's time for… = It's time to…
用法:到该做某事的时间了(for+名词 / to+动词原形)
·It's time for class. = It's time to have class. 上课时间到了。
6What's the time?
用法:询问几点(回答用 it 作主语)
·—What's the time? —It's five o'clock. 几点了?五点了。
7What's the date today?
用法:询问几月几号(回答用 it)
·—What's the date today? —It's June the first. 今天几月几号?六月一日。
8What day is it today?
用法:询问星期几(回答用 It's+星期)
·—What day is it today? —It's Friday. 今天星期几?星期五。
三、描述 · 询问事物特征
询问颜色、价格、数量、职业、外貌、性格、爱好等。
9What colour is…?
用法:询问颜色(可直接用颜色形容词回答)
·—What colour is your shirt? —It's white. 你的衬衫什么颜色?白色的。
10How much is/are…?
用法:询问价格(单数/不可数用 is,复数用 are)
·How much is your watch? 你的手表多少钱?
·How much are these shoes? 这双鞋多少钱?
11How many…?
用法:询问可数名词数量(可直接用数字回答)
·—How many people are there in your family? —There are five. 你家几口人?五口。
12What's … like?
用法:询问外貌或性格
·—What's your brother like? —He is very tall. 你哥哥长什么样?他很高。
13What do/does … do?
用法:询问职业(三单用 does,其余用 do)
·—What does your mother do? —She is a doctor. 你妈妈是做什么的?她是医生。
14What's your/his/her job?
用法:询问某人的工作
·—What's her job? —She is a teacher. 她的工作是什么?她是老师。
15What is/are…?
用法:也可询问职业
·—What are you? —I am a nurse. 你是做什么工作的?我是护士。
16What is … hobby?
用法:询问爱好(what is = what's)
·—What's your hobby? —It's swimming. 你的爱好是什么?游泳。
17What's … favourite…?
用法:询问最喜欢的事物
·—What's your favourite colour? —It's green. 你最喜欢的颜色是什么?绿色。
四、身份 · 归属 · 内容
询问是谁、是谁的、里面有什么。
18What's … name?
用法:询问名字(name 前用物主代词或名词所有格)
·—What's your brother's name? —His name is Li Hua. 你哥哥叫什么名字?李华。
19Who is…?
用法:询问身份
·—Who is she? —She is my friend. 她是谁?她是我朋友。
20What's in…?
用法:询问某地/某物里有什么(可用 There be 回答)
·—What's in the box? —There are apples in it. 箱子里有什么?有苹果。
21Whose … is/are…?
用法:询问归属(后可接单复数或不可数名词)
·—Whose seat is this? —It's mine. 这是谁的座位?是我的。
·—Whose tea is that? —It's my sister's. 那是谁的茶?我姐姐的。
五、天气 · 身体状况
询问天气状况和询问他人怎么了。
22What's the weather like? = How is the weather?
用法:询问天气(可加 in+地点)
·—What's the weather like in Qingdao? —It's rainy. 青岛天气怎么样?有雨。
23What's the matter with…?
用法:询问某人怎么了/有什么毛病
·—What's the matter with you? —I have a bad cold. 你怎么了?我得了重感冒。
六、喜好 · 拥有
询问喜欢什么、拥有什么。
24Do/Does … like…?
用法:询问是否喜欢(三单用 does)
·—Does your father like sports? —Yes, he does. 你爸爸喜欢运动吗?喜欢。
·—Do you like swimming? —No, I don't. 你喜欢游泳吗?不喜欢。
25Do/Does … have…?
用法:询问是否拥有(随人称、数变化)
·—Does your sister have any money? —Yes, she does. 你姐姐有钱吗?有。
·—Do you have an e-bike? —No, I don't. 你有电动车吗?没有。
七、请求 · 建议 · 邀请 · 允许
礼貌请求、提出建议、发出邀请、征求同意。
26Let's…
用法:提议一起做某事(后接动词原形,同意用 OK/Great/Good idea)
·Let's go to the park. —Good idea! 咱们去公园吧。好主意!
27Let sb. do…
用法:建议让某人做某事
·Let me clean the blackboard. 让我来擦黑板吧。
28Will/Would/Could you please…?
用法:请求对方做某事(后接动词原形)
·Would you please come to my birthday party? 你能来参加我的生日派对吗?
29Would you like…?
用法:提出建议(回答 Yes, please. / No, thanks.)
·—Would you like some bread? —Yes, please. / No, thanks. 想来点面包吗?好的/不了谢谢。
30May/Can I/we…?
用法:征求同意
·—May I have a rest now? —Of course! 我现在可以休息一下吗?当然!
31Can I have some…?
用法:询问能否吃喝某物(可数用复数)
·Can I have some apples before breakfast? 早饭前我可以吃些苹果吗?
32What would you like for breakfast/lunch/dinner?
用法:询问三餐想吃什么
·—What would you like for breakfast? —I'd like some eggs and bread. 早餐想吃什么?鸡蛋和面包。
八、出行 · 方式 · 方位
询问交通方式、怎样到达某地、来自哪里。
33Where be … from?
用法:询问来自哪里(be 随人称、数变化)
·—Where are you from? —I'm from Shanghai. 你来自哪里?我来自上海。
34How do you go (to)…?
用法:询问出行方式(接副词省略 to)
·—How do you go to school? —I go to school by bus. 你怎么上学?坐公交。
35How can I go/get (to)…?
用法:询问怎样到达某地(接副词省略 to)
·—How can I get to the hospital? —Go straight and you'll get there. 怎么去医院?直走就到。
九、时态句型(现在 / 将来 / 过去)
按动作发生的时间提问与回答。
36What is/are … doing?
用法:询问正在做什么(现在进行时)
·—What are you doing? —I am reading a letter. 你在做什么?我在读一封信。
37What will … do…?
用法:询问将要做什么(will 无人称、数变化)
·—What will you do this weekend? —I'll go to see my grandma. 周末你打算做什么?去看奶奶。
38When does/do … do…?
用法:询问做某事的时间
·—When do you have breakfast? —At seven a.m. 你什么时候吃早饭?早上七点。
39What do/does … do on…?
用法:询问某天做什么
·—What do you do on Sunday? —I go shopping with my mother. 周日你做什么?和妈妈去购物。
40Why do/does … like…?
用法:询问喜欢的原因
·—Why do you like singing? 你为什么喜欢唱歌?
41What did … do…?
用法:询问过去做过什么
·—What did you do last Saturday? —I went to a park. 上周六你做了什么?我去公园了。
42Where did … go?
用法:询问曾去过哪里
·—Where did you go last night? —I went to a supermarket. 昨晚你去哪里了?我去超市了。
43How tall is/are…?
用法:询问身高/高度
·—How tall is your father? —He is 1.8 m. 你爸爸多高?一米八。
44How heavy is/are…?
用法:询问体重/重量
·—How heavy is your brother? —He is 65 kilos. 你哥哥体重多少?六十五公斤。
十、感叹句
用 How / What 表达强烈情感。
45How + 形容词/副词!
用法:感叹(how 后必须接形容词或副词)
·How beautiful! 真漂亮!
46What (a/an) + 名词!
用法:感叹(可接单数、复数或不可数名词)
·What a fine day it is! 多好的天气啊!
·What nice girls! 多好的女孩子啊!
十一、其他常用句型
其他高频实用句型补充。
47I'm sorry to…
用法:表示抱歉(to 后接动词原形)
·I am sorry to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很难过。
48Don't…
用法:提醒/警告不要做某事(后接动词原形)
·Don't be late again. 不要再迟到了。
49Is there a/an…?
用法:询问某地有……吗(Yes, there is / No, there isn't)
·—Is there a cinema? —Yes, there is. 有电影院吗?有。
50Are there any…?
用法:询问有一些……吗(Yes, there are / No, there aren't)
·—Are there any students in the classroom? —No, there aren't. 教室里有学生吗?没有。
51How old + be + 主语?
用法:询问年龄(be 随人称、数变化)
·—How old are your parents? —They are sixty. 你父母多大年纪?六十岁。
52What's this/that in English?
用法:询问用英语怎么说(回答 It's a/an…)
·—What's this in English? —It's a banana. 这用英语怎么说?是 banana。
附:核心语法小贴士
·动词形式:can / may / would / could / let's / don't / please 后一律接动词原形。
·主谓一致:含 do/does 的问句,主语三单用 does,其余用 do;be 动词随主语变化。
·There be 就近原则:be 与离它最近的名词保持数的一致。
·It's time for + 名词 = It's time to + 动词原形(句型 4)。
·go / get 后接副词(如 home, there)时省略 to(句型 37、38)。
·回答套路:Would you like… → Yes, please. / No, thanks.;May/Can I… → Of course!;What's the matter? → I have a…
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