别再让孩子背 100 个好句了!中考作文只认 4 个位置,其余都是“拼贴痕迹”

我把卷子调出来看了一遍，问题很清楚——他背的句子都对，只是全堆在了一起。开头一句 I think，中间五句 I think，结尾还是 I think。本子上那些好句，一句都没出现在该出现的地方。

中考作文的分数，从来不是按你背了多少句给的，是按三个位置给的：第一句、中间那几句、最后一句。

一、先看三种“句子都对、分数不高”的卷子

改得多了会发现，12 分左右的作文基本落在三种模式里。

第一种，全是安全句。I think it is good. We should do it. It is very important. 每句都没错，但每句都停在同一个层次，读十句和读一句得到的信息量一样。

第二种，好句拼贴。一段四句，四句都是范文里的原句，前后不搭：上一句在介绍家乡，下一句在讲环保，再下一句开始呼吁。单看每句都漂亮，连起来像三篇作文的碎片。

第三种，头尾撑住了，中间是空的。开头用了 How time flies，结尾用了 How lucky I am，中间全是 We should protect the environment 这种放到任何题目里都成立的句子。

同样写读书，一个孩子写“I like reading. It is good.”，另一个写“I like reading newspapers and magazines, from which I get lots of fun and learn about what's going on around the world.” 差的不是词汇量，是第二句里那个 from which——它把“读什么”和“得到什么”接上了。

二、第一句：决定阅卷人用什么心情往下读

一篇作文停留在阅卷台上的时间很短，第一句几乎决定了后面被读得多仔细。四种开局，考场上按题型挑一种就够。

① 用时间或场景切入（写人叙事、毕业类）

How time flies! Three years has passed. I will graduate from junior high school.

② 用同位语把人“立”住（介绍人物）

Liang Ling, a 15-year-old girl, is a student in Class 1, Grade 9.

③ 用分歧引出观点（议论、观点类）

As for it, different students have different thoughts. Some students stand by it, others are against it. As far as I'm concerned…

④ 用共情开题（建议、书信类）

I'm sorry to know that you are having some problems now. I'd like to give you some suggestions.

要提醒的是，别让第一句停在 I think。I think 不是错，是太省事——它把观点抛出来了，却没给阅卷人任何画面。

三、中间段：分数来自“具体”，不来自“高级”

中间段是最容易丢分的地方，也是最容易补的地方。三个动作，从易到难。

动作一，加一个定语从句，把人和事说具体。

He is a helpful boy who often helps people around him.

动作二，加一层让步，让句子有转折。平铺直叙的句子读起来是平的，一个 although 就能让句子有起伏。

Although I wasn't willing to do it, I still lent it to him because he was my best friend.

动作三，把“很好”“很重要”换成一个具体的画面。这是拉开档次的地方。

My favorite memory of my dad is that he always wants to keep me from making mistakes but he tries to let me find my own way.

再看一处改写。原句：We should protect our city. 改成：It's our duty to do what we can do to make our city more beautiful. 意思没变，但第二句有了“责任”这个立场，也有了动作。

中间段的分数，几乎都来自“具体”，而不是“高级”。

四、最后一句：决定这篇作文停在哪个档

结尾不用长，但要有“收”的动作。三种收法，按文体选。

感叹收尾，适合写人：How lucky I am to be his daughter!

祝愿期待，适合书信、邀请：I hope you can come to China next year and spend the festival with me.

讲清道理，适合叙事后的议论：This tells us that nothing seems terrible as long as we have a strong will and a brave heart.

如果想让结尾更有分量，可以用一次倒装：Only when we spend it properly, can we make our life meaningful and colorful. 一篇里用一次就够，用两次就成了炫技。

还有一个细节：结尾别再重复开头用过的句型。开头 How time flies，结尾再来一句 How happy I am，整篇就只剩一个句式在打转。

五、把好句用起来的三个做法

做法一：一句三改

拿到一个句子，先改三处再抄进作文：改主语（换成自己的朋友、自己的城市）、改场景（把节日换成运动会、把读书换成练琴）、改时态（叙事用过去时，议论用现在时）。改完这句才是你的，否则一眼就能看出是背来的。

做法二：一篇只配额 1＋2＋1

一百词的作文，好句的位置就四个：开头一句、中间两句、结尾一句。其余部分用自己写着有把握的句子撑住。这样安排，好句是亮点；不这样安排，好句就是补丁。

一篇作文四句好句就够了，多出来的都是拼贴痕迹。

做法三：按话题建自己的句库，别按字母顺序背

中考话题作文翻来覆去就六类：写人叙事、事物介绍、建议做法、观点看法、活动计划、热点话题。每类留开头三句、中间三句、结尾两句，一共四十八句，写在一张纸上。考前只看这张纸，比翻一整本范文有用。

整理句库时记得做一件事：把例句里的地名换掉。很多现成句子里带着具体的城市名，原样搬进作文，阅卷人一眼就知道这不是你写的。

附：六大话题好句清单（可截图收藏）

下面这份清单按中考最常考的六类话题整理，每类六句，标了该放在开头、中间还是结尾。用之前记得按“一句三改”动一遍。

一｜写人叙事

【开头】 How time flies! Three years has passed. I will graduate from junior high school.

【开头】 Liang Ling, a 15-year-old girl, is a student in Class 1, Grade 9.

【中间】 He is a helpful boy who often helps people around him.

【中间】 Although I wasn't willing to do it, I still lent it to him because he was my best friend.

【结尾】 This is my best dad. I love him and I'm so proud of him.

【结尾】 How lucky I am to be his daughter!

二｜事物介绍（旅游·阅读·节日）

【开头】 I'd like to tell you something about the Chinese Dragon Boat Festival and how I spent it this year.

【开头】 The book I'd like to share with you is The Old Man and the Sea, written by an American writer Ernest Hemingway.

【中间】 Fujian lies in the southeast of China with Fuzhou as its capital city. It has a population of over 38 million.

【中间】 Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well worth visiting.

【结尾】 This tells us that nothing seems terrible as long as we have a strong will and a brave heart.

【结尾】 I hope you can come to China next year and spend the festival with me.

三｜建议做法

【开头】 I'm sorry to know that you are having some problems now. I'd like to give you some suggestions.

【开头】 Here are my ideas about how to create a harmonious community.

【中间】 If your parents get angry, you should try to communicate with them about it.

【中间】 What's more, you should be polite to everyone, which will make you get on well with others anytime.

【结尾】 I hope my suggestions will be helpful for you.

【结尾】 If you follow the advice that I have mentioned above, you will be successful.

四｜观点看法

【开头】 As for it, different students have different thoughts. Some students stand by it, others are against it.

【开头】 We did a survey about middle school students' weekend activities. Here are the results.

【中间】 There is no doubt that junk food is delicious and attractive, but it surely does harm to our body.

【中间】 In my opinion, those kids who are good at learning are able to manage their time very well.

【结尾】 All in all, it's very important for children to learn to be independent.

【结尾】 I'm sure a good balance between learning and playing can make a great contribution to kids' growth.

五｜活动计划

【开头】 There is an activity about Chinese traditional operas at 2:00 p.m. on July. It will be held on the playground in our school.

【开头】 Summer vacation is coming. I plan to do more reading.

【中间】 We are going to have some meaningful activities. To express thanks to our teachers, we each should say thankful words to our dear teachers.

【中间】 First of all, I will volunteer to do some cleaning with my classmates, such as cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor.

【结尾】 It's a chance for you to learn more about Chinese traditional culture. Come and join us!

【结尾】 In a word, I'm sure you will enjoy yourself here.

六｜热点话题

【开头】 Today, as a greener means of transportation, bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in many cities.

【开头】 Do you agree that your parents have a second child? Different students have different opinions about it.

【中间】 There will be less pollution because of bike-sharing. Besides, bike-sharing helps people take more exercise.

【中间】 As long as you are busy with something interesting, you will more probably get away from junk food.

【结尾】 As long as we take good care of bikes, it will make our life better and better.

【结尾】 Sharing bikes bring people so many advantages, so let's protect them and follow the rules of using them.

最后

这份好句按六大话题、开头／中间／结尾三类整理，加起来上百句。但真正要记住的不是这一百句，是它们各自该站在哪里。

背句子是加法，放对位置才是乘法。

好句不是用来背下来的，是用来放到正确位置上的。

今晚就让孩子做一件事：把最近一篇作文的第一句换掉，重写一遍。

如果这篇对你有用，转给正在备考的孩子或学生