三种常考题型 + 高分段落结构

题型一：双边讨论 (Discuss both views)

典型题目：

Many people say that we now live in “consumer societies” where money and possessions are given too much importance. Others believe that consumer culture has played a vital role in improving our lives. Discuss both viewsand give your opinion.

结构模板：

题型二：原因 + 影响 (Reasons + Effects)

典型题目：

These days many of us prefer to throw damaged things away, whereas in the past people used to repair damaged items and keep them for a long time. Explain why you think this change has happened. What are the effects of this change in attitude?

结构模板：

题型三：优点缺点 (Advantages & Disadvantages)

典型题目：

Do the advantages of credit cards outweigh the disadvantages?

结构模板：

两个完整的主体段示范

例子一：为什么人们喜欢扔东西而不是修理 (Why people throw away rather than repair)

示范段落：

①主题句There are several reasons why modern consumers prefer to discard damaged goods rather than repair them. ②原因一Firstly, manufacturers design products with planned obsolescence in mind, meaning that items are intentionally made to fail or become outdated after a certain period. This strategy, combined with aggressive advertising that constantly promotes the latest models, convinces consumers that buying new is better than fixing old.  ③原因二Secondly, the cost of repairs has risen significantly, while mass production has made new goods relatively cheap. ④举例In many cases, replacing a broken toaster or smartphone screen costs less than paying a technician to repair it. ⑤结论Consequently, from a purely economic perspective, throwing away and buying anew makes more sense for most people.

中文翻译：

现代消费者更喜欢扔掉损坏的物品而不是修理它们，有几个原因。首先，制造商在设计产品时考虑到了计划性报废，这意味着产品在特定时期后被人为地失效或过时。这一策略，加上不断推广最新型号的激进广告，说服消费者购买新的比修理旧的更好。其次，修理成本显著上升，而大规模生产使新商品相对便宜。在许多情况下，更换一个坏掉的烤面包机或智能手机屏幕比支付技术人员修理更便宜。因此，从纯粹的经济角度来看，扔掉再买新的对大多数人来说更合理。

五句话链条拆解：

第1句：主题句——有几个原因

关键词：several reasons, discard damaged goods, rather than repair

第2句：原因一——计划性报废 + 广告

关键词：planned obsolescence, intentionally made to fail, aggressive advertising

第3句：原因二——修理成本上升，新商品便宜

关键词：cost of repairs risen, mass production, relatively cheap

第4句：举例——换新比修理便宜

关键词：replacing, toaster, smartphone screen, costs less than repair

第5句：结论——从经济角度看，扔掉买新更合理

关键词：economic perspective, throwing away, buying anew, makes more sense

例子二：消费主义的弊端 (Disadvantages of Consumerism)

示范段落：

①主题句Consumerism has brought prosperity to many, but its negative consequences are becoming impossible to ignore. ②后果一The constant demand for new products places enormous pressure on natural resources, as forests are cleared for raw materials and fossil fuels are burned for production and transportation. ③后果二At the same time, the throw-away culture generates mountains of waste, much of which ends up in landfills or pollutes our oceans. ④后果三Beyond environmental harm, consumerism also affects our mental wellbeing. The relentless pursuit of material possessions often leaves people feeling empty and dissatisfied, as they discover that the happiness bought with new purchases never lasts. ⑤后果四Worse still, the pressure to keep up with neighbours and social media influencers drives many into debt, anxiety, and even depression.

中文翻译：

消费主义给许多人带来了繁荣，但其负面后果正变得无法忽视。对新产品的持续需求给自然资源带来了巨大压力，森林被砍伐以获取原材料，化石燃料被燃烧用于生产和运输。与此同时，丢弃型文化产生了堆积如山的垃圾，其中大部分最终进入垃圾填埋场或污染我们的海洋。除了环境危害，消费主义还影响我们的心理健康。对物质财产的不懈追求常常让人们感到空虚和不满足，因为他们发现用新购买换来的幸福从不持久。更糟糕的是，与邻居和社交媒体网红攀比的压力使许多人陷入债务、焦虑甚至抑郁。

五句话链条拆解：

第1句：主题句——消费主义有负面后果

关键词：prosperity, negative consequences, impossible to ignore

第2句：后果一——自然资源压力

关键词：demand for new products, pressure on natural resources, forests cleared, fossil fuels burned

第3句：后果二——垃圾问题

关键词：throw-away culture, mountains of waste, landfill sites, pollute oceans

第4句：后果三——心理空虚

关键词：mental wellbeing, pursuit of material possessions, empty and dissatisfied

第5句：后果四——债务和焦虑

关键词：keep up with neighbours, social media influencers, debt, anxiety, depression

雅思写作“Consume”话题:观点库(1)

玉见英语，公众号：Rosalind Jade雅思写作“Consume”话题：观点库（1）