小学英语题型专项训练

本章结构说明

  本章共10个笔试题型专项训练。

  每个题型的结构：

  ① 题型介绍  ② 解题步骤  ③ 易错提示  ④ 例题精讲  ⑤ 专项练习

  重要提示：所有练习题的答案统一放在本章最后【答案】部分。

  做题时千万不要提前翻看答案哦！

题型介绍

  题目形式：给出一组单词（通常4个），找出其中不属于同一类的那个。

  考查重点：词汇归类能力和单词意思的掌握。

解题步骤

  第一步：看四个单词，判断大多数（3个）属于什么类别。

  第二步：找出和其他三个不同类的那个。

  第三步：如有不认识的词，先排除认识的，再猜测。

常见分类维度

  话题分类：食物类 / 动物类 / 颜色类 / 交通类 / 职业类……

  词性分类：动词 / 名词 / 形容词……

  特征分类：星期 vs 月份 / 国家 vs 城市……

例题精讲

  例1：A. cat    B. dog    C. bird    D. carrot

       分析：cat/dog/bird 都是动物，carrot（胡萝卜）是蔬菜  --> 答案：D

  例2：A. swim    B. run    C. Monday    D. jump

       分析：swim/run/jump 都是运动动词，Monday 是星期几  --> 答案：C

  例3：A. red    B. blue    C. green    D. like

       分析：red/blue/green 都是颜色，like 是动词  --> 答案：D

题号

A

B

C

D

1.

A. cat

B. dog

C. apple

D. rabbit

2.

A. red

B. blue

C. run

D. green

3.

A. Monday

B. Tuesday

C. March

D. Friday

4.

A. rice

B. noodles

C. bread

D. tiger

5.

A. doctor

B. teacher

C. pilot

D. triangle

6.

A. swim

B. run

C. jump

D. happy

7.

A. shirt

B. jacket

C. shoes

D. eraser

8.

A. January

B. March

C. Monday

D. July

9.

A. circle

B. square

C. banana

D. triangle

10.

A. big

B. tall

C. beautiful

D. swim

11.

A. bus

B. subway

C. train

D. cinema

12.

A. spring

B. summer

C. Monday

D. winter

13.

A. milk

B. juice

C. water

D. book

14.

A. happy

B. sad

C. excited

D. run

15.

A. pen

B. pencil

C. ruler

D. cat

16.

A. China

B. Japan

C. London

D. France

17.

A. eye

B. ear

C. nose

D. table

18.

A. read

B. write

C. draw

D. apple

19.

A. headache

B. fever

C. cold

D. sunny

20.

A. festival

B. birthday

C. holiday

D. dictionary

题型介绍

  题目形式：一篇短文，有若干空格，从给出的选项中选择最合适的词填入。

  考查重点：词汇量、语法知识、对短文整体意思的理解。

解题步骤

  第一步：通读全文，了解短文大意（先不管空格，读懂意思）。

  第二步：看空格前后的语境，判断需要什么词性。

  第三步：对照选项，选出意思和语法都合适的词。

  第四步：填入后再通读一遍，确认读起来意思和逻辑都通顺。

常见陷阱

  陷阱1：词义混淆  选项中有近义词，要根据上下文选最合适的。

  陷阱2：时态错误  注意时间标志词（yesterday / now / tomorrow）。

  陷阱3：词性错误  空格需要名词，不能填动词。

例题精讲

Ann loves Saturdays. Today is Saturday, there's no __(1)__,

so Ann can take her time in the morning. She wakes up at seven thirty.

She chooses to wear her favourite __(2)__ dress.

For breakfast, Ann has an egg, some bread, and a __(3)__ of milk.

  选项：1. A. school   B. glass   C. bowls

         2. A. school   B. red     C. big

         3. A. school   B. glass   C. bowls

分析：

  1. 周六没有……，结合语境是没有学校（school）  --> A

  2. 她最喜欢的……裙子，颜色词最合适  --> B（red）

  3. 一……牛奶，量词用 glass（一杯）  --> B

题型介绍

  题目形式：一段对话，其中有若干空缺，从方框中选出合适的句子填入。

  考查重点：对话逻辑、情景交际用语、上下文语境理解。

解题步骤

  第一步：通读整段对话，了解对话场景（在哪？谁和谁对话？发生了什么事情？）

  第二步：看选项，了解有哪些句子可用。

  第三步：逐一看空格，根据上下句推断需要什么内容。

  第四步：填入后通读全文，确认对话流畅连贯。

  注意：有时候为了增加难度，方框里的选项句子会比空格多一个，就是说有一个选项是多余的！要注意一下！

常见陷阱

  陷阱1：问答不搭  问 where 的，不能用时间来回答。

  陷阱2：礼貌用语用错场合（谢谢/不客气/对不起）。

  陷阱3：忽略多余选项  有一个选项不用，不要强行填进去。

例题精讲

选项：

    A. Get off at Lize Shangwuqu Station.

    B. You're welcome.

    C. It will take about 10 minutes by subway.

    D. Take the subway Line 16.

    E. How can I go to LEEZA SOHO from here?

  A: Excuse me. __(1)__

  B: Can you see the subway entrance? Just walk straight.

  A: Then what should I do?

  B: __(2)__ It's very easy to find the platform.

  A: How long will it take?  B: __(3)__

  A: Thank you!  B: __(4)__

  答案：1-E  2-D  3-C  4-B  （A是多余选项）

选项：

  A. How much is it?

  B. I'd like to buy a birthday gift for my mum.

  C. Can I have a look at that blue scarf?

  D. I'll take it. Here's the money.

  E. That's too expensive. Do you have a cheaper one?

  F. What colour do you like?

选项

  A. Turn left at the traffic lights.

  B. Excuse me, is there a post office near here?

  C. Thank you very much!

  D. It's about a 5-minute walk.

  E. You're welcome. Have a nice day!

  F. Is it far from here?

选项

  A. I have a headache and a fever.

  B. You should take this medicine three times a day.

  C. How long have you been feeling ill?

  D. Make sure you drink plenty of water and get enough rest.

  E. Thank you, doctor. I'll follow your advice.

  F. I'll give you a day off school.

题型介绍

  题目形式：读一篇短文，判断给出的句子是否和短文内容一致。

  一致打 √，不一致打 ×。

  考查重点：细节信息的准确理解。小学阶段，阅读理解类题目大多都是细节题。

解题步骤

  第一步：先读判断句，抓住关键词。

  第二步：在短文中找到对应的句子（关键词定位法）。

  第三步：仔细对比，注意是否有 not / never / only 等词改变意思。

  第四步：短文中没有提到的内容 --> 打 ×。

常见陷阱

  陷阱1：数字偷换  短文说5个，题目说6个 --> ×

  陷阱2：人物偷换  短文说Tom做了，题目说Jack做了 --> ×

  陷阱3：否定偷换  短文说never，题目说always --> ×

  陷阱4：短文没提  短文没说的内容不能判断为 √

阅读材料

Dear Miss Wang,

I'm lucky to have you as my teacher. Thank you for teaching me to read and write. I learned a lot in class by doing things. I learned to study hard and work together with my friends. Thank you for showing me what is right and what is wrong. I learned to be brave, honest and kind. I learned to help my parents and people around me. I am going to be a teacher like you in the future.

Love, 

Lu Hua

阅读材料

Tom is twelve years old. He lives in London with his family. He has a younger sister called Lily. She is eight years old. Tom's father is a doctor and his mother is a teacher. Tom loves reading books and playing chess in his spare time. He is not good at maths, but he works very hard. His dream is to be a scientist when he grows up. Tom's family often goes hiking on weekends. Last summer, they went to Scotland for a holiday. It was cold and rainy there, but they had a wonderful time.

题型介绍

  题目形式：读一篇短文，根据内容从A、B、C中选出正确答案。

  考查重点：细节理解、主旨大意、词语理解、推理判断。

解题步骤

  第一步：先读题目（不看短文），明确每题问什么。

  第二步：带着问题读短文，遇到相关信息重点关注。

  第三步：用关键词定位法，找到对应段落。

  第四步：对比选项，排除明显错误的，选最合适的。

做题技巧

  细节题（what/who/when/where）--> 回原文找，不凭感觉。

  主旨题（what is the passage about）--> 看首段和末段，看中心句。

  词语解释题（what does...mean）--> 看这个词在文中的上下文。

  判断正误题（which is true/not true）--> 逐项对照原文验证。

阅读材料

Beijing is the capital of China. It is one of the most famous cities in the world. Beijing has a history of over 3,000 years. There are many famous places to visit, such as the Great Wall, the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace. The Great Wall stretches over 21,000 kilometres. People from all over the world come to visit Beijing every year. The best time to visit is in autumn, because the weather is cool and comfortable. Spring is also good, but it can be windy. Summer is hot, and winter is very cold. If you visit Beijing, do not miss the Peking Duck -- it is absolutely delicious!

阅读材料

The panda is one of the most popular animals in the world. It is black and white, and looks very cute. Giant pandas live in the bamboo forests of southwest China. They eat mostly bamboo -- up to 40 kilograms a day! Baby pandas are very small when they are born. A newborn panda weighs only about 100 grams. Giant pandas are an endangered species. There are only about 1,800 left in the wild. The Chinese government and zoos around the world are working hard to protect them. If you want to see pandas, visit the Chengdu Panda Base in Sichuan.

题型介绍

  题目形式：读短文，用完整的英语句子回答问题。

  考查重点：信息提取能力 + 用完整句子作答的能力。算是小学阶段阅读理解里面的难题。

解题步骤

  第一步：读问题，找关键词（who/what/when/where/why/how）。

  第二步：在短文中定位对应信息。

  第三步：用完整的句子回答，不能只写一个词！

  第四步：答案尽量用原文词语组织句子。必要时记得改变人称，注意谓语动词的相应变化。

作答规范

  问 What does Tom do?  --> 答 Tom is a doctor. / He works in a hospital.

  问 Why is she happy?  --> 答 Because she got a good grade.

  问 How does he go?    --> 答 He goes by subway.

  问 When did they go?  --> 答 They went last Saturday.

  注意：回答最好完整，养成良好作答习惯。避免不必要的扣分。

阅读材料

My name is Lucy. I am twelve years old and I live in Beijing. My family has five members: grandpa, grandma, dad, mum, and me. My dad is a doctor and my mum is a teacher. I love reading books and drawing pictures in my free time. My favourite subject is science, because I want to be a scientist one day. Every weekend, my family goes hiking together. Last weekend, we went to the Great Wall. It was fantastic! Next weekend, we are going to visit the Summer Palace.

阅读材料

Hello! My name is Sam. I am from Australia. I have been in China for two years. I study at No.5 Primary School in Beijing. My Chinese teacher's name is Miss Chen. She is very kind and patient. I can speak a little Chinese now. I love learning Chinese! In Australia, I used to go surfing every weekend. But here in Beijing, I enjoy hiking and visiting historical places. Last month, I visited the Temple of Heaven. It was very beautiful. My favourite Chinese food is dumplings -- they are absolutely delicious!

题型介绍

  题目形式：给出一组打乱顺序的单词，重新排列组成正确的句子。

  考查重点：英语语序（主谓宾）、时态、标点符号的使用。

解题步骤

  第一步：找主语（谁？什么？）-- 通常是名词或代词。

  第二步：找谓语（动词），紧跟主语。

  第三步：找宾语（动作的对象）。

  第四步：找状语（时间、地点、方式、原因等），放句首或句末。

  第五步：注意标点：句末加句号 . 或问号 ? 还要注意逗号的书写，是与汉语里面的逗号有明显区别的，英文的逗号只是一小撇。

英语语序公式

  陈述句：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语

           She likes apples very much.

  一般疑问句：助动词+主语+动词原型...

                      Be动词+主语+宾语...

           Does she like apples?

            Is she a teacher?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形...

           How do you go to school?

  时间状语可在句末，也可在句首（句首要加逗号）：

  She reads every night. = Every night, she reads.

题型介绍

  题目形式：根据图片描述，用英语写3-5句话。

  考查重点：看图理解能力 + 基本英语表达能力。

注意：要用自己会的表达方式来写。

解题步骤

  第一步：仔细看图，找出图片主体内容：时间、地点、人物、在做什么。

  第二步：按逻辑顺序写句子（先总体，再细节）。

  第三步：用恰当时态（正在做用进行时；过去的用过去时）。

  第四步：检查拼写和标点。

常用句型模板

  描述时间：It is a sunny/rainy/cloudy day.  /  Last Sunday...

  描述地点：They are in the park / at school / at home.

  描述动作：He/She is + 动词-ing...（正在进行）

             They are playing / reading / cooking...

  描述感受：They look happy/excited/tired.

             They had a great/wonderful time.

题型介绍

  题目形式：根据题目要求，写一封英语书信或邮件（约60-80词）。

  考查重点：书信格式 + 内容完整 + 语言表达准确。

英语书信格式（必须记住）

  称呼：Dear + 姓名,（姓名后面用逗号，不用冒号）

  正文：内容清楚完整

  结尾语：Yours, / Love, / Best wishes,（后面跟逗号）

  署名：写自己的名字（另起一行）

  格式示例：

  Dear Tom,

  How are you? I am writing to tell you...

  Yours,

  Lucy

注意：在KET、PET等剑桥通用五级考试里，邮件的格式是全部都要顶格写的，而体制内考试（中考和高考），写信件的时候格式是不太一样的。尤其是在另起一段的时候，要空四个字母格的位置。还有最后落款的位置，也不一样。上面的格式示例是剑桥通用五级的标准格式。体制内考试的格式每次试卷都是提前印好的，孩子们不用太纠结，看到不一样也不用困扰。

高分句型

  开头：How are you? / I am glad to hear from you.

         I am writing to tell you about...

  正文：First... / Also... / Besides... / What's more...

  结尾：I hope to hear from you soon.

         Looking forward to yourearly reply.

         I can't wait to see you!

题型介绍

题目形式：根据题目要求，写一篇80词左右的短文。北京中考要求是50个单词，满分作文一般是70－90个单词，但是也不绝对，还是要看整体作文的水平，逻辑，信息处理是否合理，句子的语法结构是否正确，单词的拼写是否正确等。

写作四步法

  第一步：审题  读清楚：写什么？要包含哪些内容？

  第二步：列提纲  用关键词列出要写的要点（不超过2分钟）。

  第三步：写作  按提纲写，句子完整，不写没把握的句子。

  第四步：检查  检查：拼写 / 标点 / 时态 / 主谓一致/单复数等。

高分策略

  策略1：开头不要太突兀，说清楚事情和发生的时间。

    普通：I want to tell you about my trip.

   高分：Last summer, I had the most wonderful trip of my life.

  策略2：使用连词让文章逻辑更清晰流畅

    First... Then... After that... Finally...

    not only...but also...  /  although...  /  because...

  策略3：结尾要有总结或感想

    I had a great time and I will never forget it.

    I believe that...  /  I look forward to...

  策略4：不确定的词，换成会写的词

例如：忘记怎么写 delicious --> 改用 very good / yummy，因为用简单单词表达也比写错单词强。

  策略5：尽量用自己读过的句子来表达，或者用自己知道的词组、固定搭配来完成句子，不要硬翻中式英语。记得用一些形容词和副词来丰富自己的表达。

使用说明

  请在独立完成所有练习后再翻看答案。

  主观题（看图写话、书信、短文）的参考范文供老师和家长参考评改。

题型1 答案（不同类单词）

  1.C(apple)     2.C(run)       3.C(March)     4.D(tiger)     5.D(triangle)

  6.D(happy)     7.D(eraser)    8.C(Monday)    9.C(banana)    10.D(swim)

  11.D(cinema)   12.C(Monday)   13.D(book)     14.D(run)      15.D(cat)

  16.C(London -- 城市，其余是国家)

  17.D(table)    18.D(apple)    19.D(sunny)    20.D(dictionary)

题型2 答案（完形填空）

  第一篇：1.A  2.B  3.A  4.B  5.A

  第二篇：6.A  7.B  8.A  9.A  10.C

  第三篇：11.B  12.A  13.B  14.A  15.C

题型3 答案（补全对话）

  第一组（购物）：1.B  2.C  3.A  4.E  5.D  （多余：F）

  第二组（问路）：6.B  7.A  8.F  9.D  10.C  （多余：E）

  第三组（看病）：11.A  12.C  13.B  14.D  15.E  （多余：F）

题型4 答案（阅读判断）

  第一篇：1.√  2.√  3.×  4.√  5.×  6.√

  第二篇：7.√  8.×（8岁，不是10岁）  9.×（父亲是医生，不是老师）

           10.×（不擅长数学）  11.√  12.√

题型5 答案（阅读选择）

  第一篇（北京）：1.B  2.C  3.C  4.C  5.B

  第二篇（熊猫）：6.C  7.C  8.B  9.C  10.B

题型6 参考答案（阅读简答）

  第一篇：

  1. There are five people in Lucy's family.

  2. Her father is a doctor.

  3. She likes reading books and drawing pictures.

  4. Science is her favourite subject, because she wants to be a scientist.

  5. They went to the Great Wall.

  第二篇：

  6. Sam is from Australia.

  7. He has been in China for two years.

  8. He used to go surfing.

  9. He visited the Temple of Heaven.

  10. His favourite Chinese food is dumplings.

题型7 答案（连词成句）

  1. She likes swimming very much.

  2. I exercise every morning.

  3. What does he do?

  4. We visited Beijing last year.

  5. We are going to the park next Sunday.

  6. This is the most interesting book in the class.

  7. She did not go to school yesterday.

  8. Have you ever been to China?

  9. She goes to school by subway.

  10. They were at home at the weekend.

  11. How does he get to school?

  12. She has already finished her homework.

  13. The Great Wall was built long ago.

  14. They will visit Beijing next week.

  15. If it rains tomorrow, we won't go.

  16. What a kind teacher she is!

  17. Do you know where she lives?

  18. She taught herself to swim.

  19. You should exercise more.

  20. I have been here for two years.

题型8-10 参考范文

  【题型8 第1题 参考范文（看图写话）】

       Last Sunday, my family had a picnic in the park. The weather was sunny and warm. My little sister was flying a kite happily. Dad was taking photos of us. Mum was busy preparing the food. We ate sandwiches and fruit. We had a wonderful time together. I love family days like this!

  【题型9 第1题 参考范文（书信）】

Dear Tom,

How are you? I am writing to tell you about Spring Festival. Spring Festival is the most important festival in China, usually in January or February. People make dumplings, watch fireworks and visit relatives. My favourite part is getting red packets -- it is so exciting! I hope you can come to China and celebrate with us one day!

Yours,  

Li Ming

  【题型10 第3题 参考范文（短文）】

       My favourite festival is Spring Festival. It usually comes in January or February. During Spring Festival, we make dumplings, set off fireworks and visit our relatives. Children get red packets with money inside. I love Spring Festival because it is a time for family to be together. Everyone is happy and the atmosphere is full of joy. I look forward to Spring Festival every year!