ARTICLE · 991329
初中英语语法每日一讲|few / little用法辨析
初中英语语法每日一讲|few / little用法辨析大家好,欢迎来到初中英语语法每日一讲。 few、a few、little、a little 是贯穿初中三年的高频不定代词考点,单选、完形、语法填空经常出现。 很多同学做题只记住“few接可数,little接不可数”,却忽略有无a代表肯定、否定含义,掉进题目设置的语境陷阱,明明单词认识,却反复丢分。 今天我们把这四个词彻底拆解,结合中考真题例句,理清判断逻辑,避开出题人设置的坑点。 我们先记住核心口诀:有a就“有”,无a就“几乎没有”;few管可数,little管不可数。 1. a few 与 few(修饰可数名词复数) ✅ a few:有几个,有一些(肯定含义,数量不多,但客观上存在) 例句: I have a few good friends in our class. 我在班里有几个好朋友。 There are a few oranges in the box. 箱子里还有几个橙子。 ❌ few:几乎没有,没几个(否定含义,数量极少,近乎没有) 例句: Few students finished this hard problem. 几乎没有学生做出这道难题。 He has few relatives here, so he feels lonely. 他在这里几乎没有亲人,所以感到孤单。 2. a little 与 little(修饰不可数名词:time, money, water, bread等) ✅ a little:有一点(肯定含义,虽然量少,但还有剩余) 例句: There is a little milk in the cup. 杯子里还有一点牛奶。 We still have a little time, we needn’t rush. 我们还有一点时间,不用着急。 ❌ little:几乎没有,没多少(否定含义,剩余极少) 例句: There is little juice in the bottle. Let’s buy some. 瓶子里几乎没有果汁了,我们去买一些。 He has little money left after shopping. 购物之后,他几乎没有剩下多少钱。 中考做题两步判断法(考试直接套用) 第一步:看后面名词,可数复数 → 选few/a few;不可数 → 选little/a little。 第二步:读上下文语境,看是表达“还有”(肯定),还是“几乎没有”(否定);有a表有,无a表几乎没有。 中考高频陷阱 陷阱1:对话语境,看答句提示词(sorry、but、fortunately) 例: — Could you lend me some paper? — Sorry, I have ______ left. 解析:回答有sorry,说明借不出,表否定;paper不可数 → 填little。 陷阱2:very / quite 搭配 very few (几乎没几个)、 very little (几乎没多少),否定含义加强。 quite a few = 不少,相当多(只能修饰可数复数,不能说quite a little)。 例:Quite a few teenagers like watching English movies. 不少青少年喜欢看英文电影。 陷阱3:little/few 本身带否定,反义疑问句遵循“前否后肯” He has few friends, does he? 他几乎没有朋友,对吗? ⚠️这里不能用doesn’t he,few已经属于否定意义词汇。 陷阱4:a little 还可以修饰形容词、副词,表示“稍微” I am a little tired. 我有点累。 = I am a bit tired. 这是语法填空常考的拓展用法,a few不能修饰形容词。 很多同学的误区:以为few翻译为“很少”就是数量少,只看中文翻译做题。一定要记住: a few / a little :虽然少,但是还有; few / little :虽然中文写“很少”,实际含义是几乎没有,属于否定意味。 这套考点,中考经常放在完形和语法填空,不考复杂变形,重点考察语境逻辑。做题千万不要只看名词,忽略上下文的转折、sorry、but等暗示词。掌握两步判断法,这类题目就可以做到不丢分。 配套练习题 一、单项选择 1. — Would you like some more coffee? — Thanks, there is still ______. A. a little B. little C. a few 2. The problem is too difficult. ______ students can work it out. A. A few B. Few C. A little 3. He is new here. He has ______ friends, so he often stays at home. A. few B. a few C. little 4. There is ______ water in the glass. Please get me some. A. a little B. little C. a few 5. Quite ______ students enjoy taking part in after‑school activities. A. few B. a few C. little 二、用 few / a few / little / a little 填空 1. I have ______ postcards. You can take one. 2. There is ______ rice at home. We have to go shopping. 3. Very ______ people know this old story. 4. Don’t worry. We still have ______ time. 5. He is ______ nervous before the exam. 三、句型改写(反义疑问句) 1. She has few apples, ____________?(完成反义疑问句) 参考答案 一、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 二、1.a few 2.little 3.few 4.a little 5.a little 三、1.does she