ARTICLE · 993900
卫报精读:AI工具数秒内精准识别常规检测中的心脏病
一、外刊原文及翻译
原文 1：AI工具的新突破
Doctors have developed a “superhuman” AI tool that can spot heart disease in less than two seconds.
翻译：
医生们开发出一种“超越人类”的AI工具，能在不到两秒的时间内识别出心脏病。
原文 2：工作原理与传统ECG局限
The groundbreaking technology has been trained on millions of patients and works by extracting more information from a routine electrocardiogram (ECG) than the human eye can typically see. The traditional ECG, which records electrical activity in the heart, including the rate and rhythm, has been a vital medical tool in diagnosing heart attacks and abnormal heart rhythms for a century. But it cannot detect heart disease.
翻译：
这项突破性技术经过了数百万患者数据的训练，其工作原理是从常规心电图（ECG）中提取出肉眼通常无法观察到的更多信息。一个世纪以来，记录心率和心律等心脏电活动的传统心电图一直是诊断心脏病发作和心律失常的重要医学工具。但它无法直接检测出心脏病。
原文 3：超声心动图与AI的快速检测
That requires an echocardiogram, a type of ultrasound scan, which patients often have to wait months for. Now a team have developed an AI tool that can spot signs of heart failure and heart valve disease – two of the most common forms of heart disease – from ECG results in “the blink of an eye”.
翻译：
这需要进行超声心动图检查（一种超声波扫描），而患者往往需要等待数月才能做上这项检查。如今，一个研究团队开发出了一款AI工具，能在“一眨眼间”通过心电图结果识别出心力衰竭和心脏瓣膜病——这两种最常见的心脏病形式的迹象。
原文 4：发布与早期诊断的意义
Details of the breakthrough, which could boost early diagnosis of heart disease, were presented to thousands of delegates at the European Society of Cardiology annual congress in Munich, which concluded yesterday. Early diagnosis is vital for people with heart failure and heart valve disease, as it enables those who need lifesaving medicines to be spotted sooner, before they become dangerously unwell.
翻译：
这项突破的详细信息已于昨日结束的慕尼黑欧洲心脏病学会年会上向数千名与会代表展示，它有望推动心脏病的早期诊断。早期诊断对于心力衰竭和心脏瓣膜病患者至关重要，因为这能在患者病情恶化到危险程度之前，尽早发现需要救命药物的人群。
原文 5：应用规模与临床试验数据
The development is being seen as potentially significant because ECGs are one of the most common tests in medicine, with about a billion performed worldwide each year. In a trial involving 67,000 patients in the US, the AI tool was able to identify up to 81% of those who had heart failure, and up to 90% of those with heart valve disease.
翻译：
这一进展被认为具有潜在的重大意义，因为心电图是医学中最常用的检查之一，全球每年大约开展10亿次。在美国一项涉及6.7万名患者的临床试验中，该AI工具成功识别出了高达81%的心力衰竭患者和高达90%的心脏瓣膜病患者。
原文 6：专家点评与加速筛查
Dr Sonya Babu-Narayan, a consultant cardiologist and clinical director of the British Heart Foundation (BHF), which funded the trial, said: “It is exciting to see that AI can now deliver a read-out from an ECG in what feels like the blink of an eye. Technology like the AI ECG in this research, which has the potential to identify high-risk patients early, will not detect everyone with a heart condition. But it could be a solution to help fast-track the patients who are most likely to have a heart abnormality. When it comes to the heart, earlier diagnosis and treatment saves and improves lives.”
翻译：
资助该试验的英国心脏基金会（BHF）临床主管兼心脏病顾问医师索尼娅·巴布-纳拉扬博士表示：“看到AI现在能在眨眼间给出心电图解读报告，这令人振奋。像本项研究中的AI心电图这类有潜力早期识别高危患者的技术，虽然无法检测出每一个有心脏状况的人，但它可以作为一个解决方案，帮助那些最有可能性患有心脏异常的患者走上绿色诊断通道。谈到心脏，更早的诊断和治疗能挽救并改善生命。”
— 原文 7：辅助诊断与缩短等待排队
The tech cannot be used on its own to definitively diagnose or rule out heart failure or heart valve disease, but it gives a very strong indication the conditions may be present. Someone judged as highly likely to have either could be sent rapidly for an echocardiogram, rather than spending months on the standard waiting lists. That could mean a quicker diagnosis, enabling earlier treatment.
翻译：
该技术本身不能单独用于确诊或排除心力衰竭及心脏瓣膜病，但它能提供该疾病可能存在的极强提示。被评估为极有可能患有其中任何一种疾病的患者，可以被迅速转诊接受超声心动图检查，而无需在标准等待名单上耗费数月。这意味着更快速的诊断和更早的治疗。
原文 8：优先安排高危患者
Prof Fu Siong Ng, a professor of cardiology at Imperial College London, said: “Patients can often wait several months for a heart ultrasound scan after being referred for one by their doctor. This makes it exciting that our technology could identify patients most at risk of heart failure and heart valve disease, so they could be prioritised for scans faster.”
翻译：
伦敦帝国理工学院心脏病学教授伍富祥（Fu Siong Ng）表示：“患者在接诊医生开具检查单后，通常需要等待数月才能做上心脏超声扫描。因此令人兴奋的是，我们的技术能够识别出患心力衰竭和心脏瓣膜病风险最高的患者，从而使他们能够更快地被优先安排检查。”
原文 9：机会性诊断与全面筛查
The aim of the tool is to speed up diagnosis of those suspected to have heart failure or heart valve disease. But Ng said it could also prove lifesaving by spotting signs of the conditions in people who may have undergone an ECG for different reasons. “Another potential application of this AI model is to opportunistically diagnose heart failure and heart valve disease,” he said, even in cases where the conditions were not previously suspected. “The AI model could be run on all ECGs done in a hospital to flag those at highest risk.”
翻译：
该工具的初衷是加快对疑似心力衰竭或心脏瓣膜病患者的诊断。但伍教授表示，通过在因其他原因接受心电图检查的人群中发现该病症迹象，它同样能挽救生命。他指出：“该AI模型的另一个潜在应用是进行心力衰竭和心脏瓣膜病的‘机会性诊断’”，即在事先未怀疑患病的情况下也能发现病症。“该AI模型可以在医院进行的所有心电图上运行，以标记出那些风险最高的患者。”
原文 10：未来便携设备与面部视频检测扩展
Dr Ahmed El-Medany, a BHF clinical research fellow who led the Imperial College London analysis, described the tool as a “superhuman AI” and said the next challenge would be to design handheld AI-led ECG readers for clinicians to use. Delegates in Munich also heard how AI-based analysis of facial videos could rapidly and accurately detect undiagnosed high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes. Researchers at the University of Tokyo and the Institute of Science Tokyo said that AI analysis of five-second facial videos could help improve diagnosis. Millions of people who have high blood pressure or type 2 diabetes do not know they have the conditions.
翻译：
领导帝国理工学院分析工作的BHF临床研究员艾哈迈德·埃尔-梅达尼博士将该工具描述为“超越人类的AI”，并表示下一个挑战将是设计供临床医生使用的手持式AI心电图读取设备。慕尼黑的参会代表还了解到了基于面部视频分析的AI技术如何快速准确地检测未被确诊的高血压和2型糖尿病。东京大学和东京科学大学的研究人员表示，对5秒面部视频进行AI分析有助于改善诊断。数以百万计患有高血压或2型糖尿病的人甚至不知道自己患有这些疾病。
二、重点词汇讲解
groundbreaking- 词性： 形容词- 释义： 突破性的，开创性的- 例句： The laboratory announced a groundbreaking discovery in cancer treatment.- 考研用法： 常用于科技、医学及学术创新类文章。
electrocardiogram- 词性： 名词- 释义： 心电图（缩写为ECG）- 例句： The doctor requested an electrocardiogram to check the patient’s cardiac rhythm.- 考研用法： 常用于医学科技及前沿健康领域的科普文章。
echocardiogram- 词性： 名词- 释义： 超声心动图- 例句： An echocardiogram provides detailed images of the heart’s structure.- 考研用法： 常见于医疗诊断及高级科学阅读。
diagnosis- 词性： 名词- 释义： 诊断，判断- 例句： Early diagnosis improves the chances of successful treatment.- 考研用法： 高频考研词汇，常用于医疗、社会问题分析及科技应用等语境。
abnormality- 词性： 名词- 释义： 异常，畸形- 例句： The scan revealed a minor abnormality in the brain structure.- 考研用法： 常用于描述生理、心理或数据指标的异常。
definitively- 词性： 副词- 释义： 明确地，决定性地- 例句： The test results cannot definitively prove the presence of the disease.- 考研用法： 常见于学术论文和论述文，用作强调结论的确定性。
prioritise- 词性： 动词- 释义： 优先处理，给……优先权- 例句： Hospitals must prioritise patients with life-threatening conditions.- 考研用法： 常见于管理学、公共政策和医疗资源分配等领域的讨论。
opportunistically- 词性： 副词- 释义： 借机地，机会主义地（医学中指在非专项检查中偶发/顺带地发现）- 例句： The tumor was detected opportunistically during a routine checkup.- 考研用法： 常用于描述随访、伴随性发现或商业/生物学中的应变行为。
flag- 词性： 动词- 释义： 标记，标出，指出（提醒注意）- 例句： The algorithm was programmed to flag suspicious transactions.- 考研用法： 在信息技术、数据分析和管理类文章中极为高频。
clinician- 词性： 名词- 释义： 临床医生- 例句： The new diagnostic software is designed to assist overworked clinicians.- 考研用法： 指直接从事诊疗工作的医生，常与研究人员（researchers）做对比。
来源: 卫报日期: 20260901原文标题: 《AI tool spots heart disease in routine tests within seconds》仅作个人英语学习使用，不构成任何投资建议或医疗诊断建议，请勿用于其他商业用途