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小学英语语法---介词全解|(1‑6年级小升初)

发布时间：2026-09-15 21:03:33 最近访问：2026-09-15 21:03:32
小学英语语法---介词全解|(1‑6年级小升初)

小学英语语法---介词全解｜（1‑6年级小升初）

一、什么是介词

介词用来连接名词/代词，表达句中各个成分之间的关系。✅全新例句

•
This story is about animals. 这个故事是关于小动物的。
•
There is a butterfly in the garden. 花园里有一只蝴蝶。
•
We will have a picnic on Saturday. 我们周六要去野餐。
•
Lily is like her elder sister. 莉莉长得像她姐姐。

二、时间介词 at / in / on / before / after / from

🔹at

•
含义：①具体时刻；②年龄；③某个节日/夜间期间
•
常用搭配：at +几点钟；at the age of；at night；at Christmas✅例句
•
My cousin gets up at six every morning. 我的表妹每天早上六点起床。
•
The football game will start at 8:00. 足球比赛八点开始。
•
He left home at the age of twelve. 他十二岁就离开了家。
•
It is very quiet at night. 夜里十分安静。

🔹in

•
含义：用于月份、季节、上午/下午/傍晚，一段较长时间
•
搭配：in +月份/季节/year；in the morning / afternoon / evening✅例句
•
Birds fly south in winter. 鸟儿冬天飞向南方。
•
We often do reading in the evening. 我们常常在傍晚阅读。

🔹on

•
含义：具体某一天，星期、节日、带修饰词的某天
•
搭配：on +星期；on+具体日期；on a rainy day✅例句
•
We have art class on Wednesday. 我们周三上美术课。
•
He was born on a sunny day. 他出生在一个晴朗的日子。

🔹before

•
含义：在……时间之前✅例句
•
Please wash hands before meals. 饭前请洗手。
•
Finish your homework before Friday. 周五之前完成你的作业。

🔹after

•
含义：在……时间之后✅例句
•
They play badminton after school. 他们放学后打羽毛球。
•
Mum takes a walk after dinner. 妈妈晚饭后散步。

🔹from

•
含义：从……；常用结构 from … to … 从……到……（可表时间、地点）✅例句
•
We have lessons from Tuesday to Thursday. 我们周二到周四上课。
•
She reads books from afternoon to night. 她从下午读书读到夜里。
•
The bus runs from the town to the village. 这辆公交车从城镇开往村庄。

三、方位介词（地点位置）

🔹on / over / above（在……上面）

1
on：物体表面互相接触✅例句：There is a notebook on the desk. 课桌上放着一本笔记本。
2
over：正上方，物体之间不接触✅例句：A bird flies over the house. 一只小鸟飞过房子的正上方。
3
above：在上方，不一定是正上方，无接触✅例句：Many kites are flying above the trees. 许多风筝在树的上空飞舞。

🔹under / below（在……下面）

1
under：正下方✅例句：A little cat sleeps under the chair. 小猫睡在椅子下面。
2
below：在下方，不强调正下方✅例句：Our playground is below their classroom. 我们操场在他们教室下方。

🔹in

•
含义：在……里面；在大地点内部✅例句
•
There are some toys in the box. 盒子里面有一些玩具。
•
My uncle lives in Guangzhou. 我的叔叔住在广州。

🔹at

•
含义：在某个小点位置、小地点✅例句
•
I will wait for you at the gate. 我会在大门口等你。

🔹about / around

•
含义：在……周围✅例句
•
Kids sit around the big tree. 孩子们围坐在大树四周。

🔹behind

•
含义：在……的后面✅例句‑ A dog runs behind me. 一只小狗跑在我的身后。

💡拓展：in front of 在……前面，和behind互为反义词✅例句：There is a garden in front of the building. 楼房前面有一座花园。

🔹between

•
含义：在两者中间✅例句：The small shop is between the library and the bank. 这家小店在图书馆和银行中间。

四、动向介词（表示移动、动态）

🔹into / out of

1
into 向……里面✅例句：The rabbit jumps into the hole. 兔子跳进洞里。
2
out of 由里面向外✅例句：She takes a toy out of the bag. 她从包里拿出一个玩具。

🔹up / down

1
up 向上✅例句：The squirrel climbs up the tree. 松鼠爬上大树。
2
down 向下✅例句：The ball rolls down the hill. 小球滚下山坡。

🔹from / to

1
from 从……（起点）✅例句：He comes from a small town. 他来自一座小镇。
2
to 到……（终点）✅例句：We will go to the museum tomorrow. 我们明天要去博物馆。

🔹across / through / along

1
across 从物体表面横穿✅例句：Walk across the road carefully. 小心过马路。
2
through 从物体内部穿过✅例句：We walk through the forest. 我们穿过森林。
3
along 沿着……✅例句：Let’s walk along the river. 让我们沿着河边散步。

五、表方式、手段介词 by / with / in

1
by：靠、通过（抽象方式、交通工具）✅例句：She goes to school by bike. 她骑自行车去上学。
2
with：用（具体工具）✅例句：Cut the apple with this knife. 用这把小刀切苹果。
3
in：用某种语言✅例句：He can talk in Japanese. 他可以用日语交谈。

💡小辨析

•
by +抽象方式/交通工具；with+实实在在的工具；in+语言

六、其他高频介词 for / about / with / in / of / like

🔹for

•
表目的“为了”；表原因“因为”✅例句‑ This gift is for you. 这份礼物送给你。‑ Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。

🔹about

•
含义：关于；在周围✅例句：This book is about animals. 这本书是关于动物的。

🔹with

1
和……一起✅例句：I want to play games with you. 我想和你一起玩游戏。
2
带有、长着✅例句：The girl with long hair is my cousin. 那个长长发的女孩是我的表妹。

🔹in

‑ 穿着……（后面接颜色/衣服）✅例句：The boy in white is my deskmate. 穿白色衣服的男孩是我的同桌。

🔹of

‑ ……的（表所属）✅例句：This is a photo of my family. 这是我的一张全家福。

🔹like

‑ 介词：像……✅例句：The cloud is like a sheep. 这朵云像一只小羊。

⚠️重点区分

•
like作动词：喜欢，前面不加be动词。例：I like cats.我喜欢猫。‑ like作介词：像，前面要有be动词。例：He is like his dad.他长得像爸爸。

七、介词避错清单（考场必看）

1
时间：at+时刻；in+月份季节；on+具体某一天，不要混淆
2
across（表面横穿） vs through（内部穿过），做题高频坑
3
by+交通工具中间不加the；by bike ✔；by the bike ❌
4
like 动词“喜欢”和介词“像”，看前面有没有be动词
5
here / there / home地点副词前面，不加介词to，go home✔，go to home❌

📝介词专项自测练习

一、用合适介词填空（at / in / on / for / with / from…to / between）

1
We have PE class ____ Friday afternoon.
2
My dad goes to work ____ 7:30 every morning.
3
Leaves turn yellow ____ autumn.
4
The shop opens ____ 9:00 a.m. ____ 8:00 p.m.
5
The park is ____ the hospital and the bookstore.
6
I want a new bag ____ my little sister.
7
She often draws pictures ____ crayons.

二、单项选择

1
The bird is flying ____ the building.（不接触，不一定正上方）A. on  B. above  C. under
2
Walk ____ the street, you will see the park.（从路面横穿）A. across B. through C. along
3
My mum goes to work ____ subway.A. with B. by C. in
4
The girl ____ red is my friend.A. in B. with C. on

三、判断对错，改错

1
I go to home at six. ________________________
2
He like his brother. ________________________
3
We go to school by the bus. ________________________

✅参考答案

一、介词填空

1
on
2
at
3
in
4
from；to
5
between
6
for
7
with

二、单选

1.B  2.A  3.B  4.A

三、改错

1
I go home at six.
2
He is like his brother.
3
We go to school by bus.

#小学英语 #小升初语法 #介词专项 #英语语法干货

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