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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：简单介词、复合介词及其短语介词全解读+巩固训练
[介词考题展示]
【考题 1】（2023▪全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong royal
palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its
carefully built system of ring roads.
答案与解析：to。考查介词。根据“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，
表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它
拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。
【考题2】（2023▪全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that
people must take responsibility saving their environment.
答案与解析：for。考查介词。短语take responsibility for意思是“对……负责”。故填for。句意：她
警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。
【考题3】（2022新高考全国I卷）Giant pandas also serve an umbrella species(物种), bringing
protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
答案与解析：as。考查介词。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语serve as，意为“充当”，故空处应填
介词as。故填as。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
【考题4】（2020浙江6月卷）Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to
control the world they lived ，through agriculture.
答案与解析：in。考查介词。分析句式看出“they lived _____”应是名词the world 的定语从句，定语
从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居
住在某地”。故填in。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世
界。
【考题5】（2020浙江1月卷）This aging of the population is driven two factors.
答案与解析：by。考查介词。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素
造成的。
[介词解读]
高考对于介词的考查主要集中在一些名词、形容词、动词与介词的搭配上，尤其是在一些短语中，搭配不同的介词就会产生不同的词义。本文所提供的介词的意义只是一些较为常见和容易考到的词义，不
可能把全部词义列出，限于篇幅例句将不在列出。
介词一般不可以单独使用,但是介词构成的短语可以在句中作状语,定语,表语,宾语补足语,主语补足
语。英语中的介词按其构成形式分为简单介词和复合介词。下面将列表说明。
一、简单介词
词条 词义及其作用 高考考例
about 1 在…周围（附近，身边）2 在各处 3 (METXXXX) The word “write” has the same
关于，对于 pronunciation _____ the word “right”.
above 1 （位置）在…上 2 （地位）高于 3 超 A. of *B. as C. to D. from
过 4 高于 胜出
点拨：短语 the same as 的意思是“与…一
across 1 横（穿、越）过 2 在…另一边 样”。
3 交叉
as 1作为, 担任 2 例如 3 如同, 象
after （时间 、次序）在…之后 (METXXXX) Readers can _____ quite well
without knowing the exact meaning of each
against 1 逆、反对 2 撞击、碰着 3 紧靠 4
word.
与…对比 5 以…为背景 6 防备
A. get over B. get in
among 1 在…之中（之间）（强调三者以上）2
…当中之一 *C. get along D. get through
around 1 在…周围 2 到处 3 大约 点拨：根据题中的 well 和句意可知是 get
along well (with…)的省略，意思是“进展顺
along 1 沿着 2 和…一起 （with）
利”。
at 1 在…地方 2 在几点 3 （目标）对 (XXXX 上海春招,23)Rose was wild with joy
着、朝着 4 （原因）因为、由于 5 从事 __ the result of the examination.
于、在…状态 6 （速度、价格）以
A. to *B. at C. by D. as
before 1 （时间）在…之前 2 （位置）在…
点拨：B。at放在某些形容词之后表示原因，意
之前 3 （次序）在…之前、先于 4
为“—听到/看到……(而产生某种感情)”；be
（选择）与其…（宁愿）…
wild with joy at...意思是：“因……而高兴
behind 1 （位置）在…后面 2 （时间）迟 得发狂（欣喜若狂）”。
于… 3 落后于 4 不如
below 1 (数量 程度)在…之下 2 在…下方 3 （ METXXXX ） Does John know any other
(位置 职业) 在…下面 foreign language ______ French?
beside 1 在…旁边(附近) 2 …相比/ 比得上 A. except B. but
between 1 在…之间(两者) 2 在中间 *C. besides D. beside
besides 1 除…之外(尚有) 2 否定句中同except 点拨：根据题干的关键词any other“其它的”
除…之外(不再有) 提示可知选C，意思是“除了法语外，还会其它
外语吗？”
beyond 1 (位置)在那边/远于 2 (范围 限度)超 (XXXX 上 海 春 招 ,26) I am sorry it's
过 3 (时间)迟于 ______ my power to make a final decision
on the project.
but 除…之外(与 nothing/ no /all 等词之
后,同except) A. over B. aboveby 1 (方法 手段)靠/由/用/通过 2 (被动) C. off *D. beyond
被/由 3 (倍数)乘 4 (程度)相差 5
点拨：D。beyond 意为“超出……的范围；
(位置)在…旁 6 (时间)不迟于/到…为
为……所不能及”。题意：很抱歉，对这项计
止/在…以前 7 (标准/尺度)按照/以…
划作最后决定超出了我的能力。
记 8 (次第)逐一
down 1 向下 2 降下 3 直到 4 由近到远/从 (XXXX 上海, 32) I know nothing about the
北到南/ 从中央到地方/从内地到沿海/从 young lady ______ she is from Beijing.
学校到社会
A. except B. except for
during 1 在…期间 2 在…时候
*C. except that D. besides
despite (表示让步)不管；不顾；即使
解析: C．except 可以跟 that 引导的宾语从
except 除了…之外(没有) 句，而besides不可以，通常认为that引导的
宾语从句不可以作介词的宾语，但是 except
for 1 为了 2 对…来说/就…而言 3 (时间
that…是正确的，应该看作是特例。本题由于
距离 数量)达/计 4 (用途/目标/愿
是句子而推出选C。
望/意图)对于 5 代/替 6 换 7 面值
from 1 (时间)从…起 2 (原因 动机)由于/出
于 3 (原料 材料) 4 阻止/妨碍/制止 4
[用于表示场所的副词或介词前] 5 [表示
差异, 区别]
(METXXXX) The doctor will be free
________.
A. 10 minutes later
in 1 (地点 场所)在…里面 2 (时间) 在… B. after ten minutes
期间 3. 在(与一段时间)之后 4 处于某
*C. in 10 minutes
种状态 5 用…材料/ 以…手段(方式) 6
穿着/戴着 7 从事于 8 往；向（某方 D. 10 minutes after
向）9 （表示关系或比率）每
点拨：根据题干的一般将来时可以推出选C，
“in+时间段”跟将来时连用，“after+时间
段”用于过去时。
inside 1 在…之内 2 在…里面 (XXXX 上 海 春 招 , 21) Marie Curie took
little notice _____ the honours that were
into 1 进入…之内 2 使…进入状态) 3 (时
given to her in her later years.
间)持续到 4 be into [口]给迷住,
对...深感兴趣, 深深卷入 *A. of B. on
like 1 如同，像，和…一样 2 例如，诸如 C. about D. from
点拨：A。take notice of是固定搭配，意为
“注意”，表示有意注意。题意：在晚年，居
near (时间, 空间方面)近, 不远
里夫人几乎毫不关心她所获得的荣誉。
of 1 …的；属于…的 2 由…制成的；由…
组成 的 3 在其中；…之中的一部分 4
具有…性质的 5 (原因 动机)由于/因为
(主题)关于
off 1 从/ 从…离开 2 在离…不远处 3 脱
离，脱落 4 关掉， 关上 5 分开；断开
6 不工作，休息on 1 在...上 2 关于/论及 3 在…时 4 (XXXX 上海, 25)The accident is reported
向着 5 在...时候; ...之后立即 6 根 to have occurred _____the first Sunday in
据; 凭; 靠 7 是...的成员 8 在从 February.
事...中, 处于...情况中
A. at *B. on C. in D. to
9 通过, 以...方式 10 由...支付,
点拨：B。在表示特指某一天时须用介词on; at
由...承担
用来表示在某一具体时刻；in用来表示在某一
out of 1 从…走出来 2 由…繁衍 3 表示超越界 段时间。
限、疆界、限制或范围的位置或情形
outside 1 在…外面 2 向…外
over 1 上方；在…上面 2 覆盖在…之上 3 跳 (XXXX 湖 南 ,32)You can't wear a blue
过 4 横越，横跨 5 在…那边；在…对 jacket ______ that shirt -- it'll look
面 6 遍及 7 高于…；在…之上（支配， terrible.
命令）8 多于；超过 9 在…期间 10 通
A. on B. above C. up *D. over
过 11 关于；对于
点拨 D。over 意为“覆盖于……之上”。题
past 1 在…之后；超过 2 越过
意：你不能在那件衬衫外面套上件蓝色夹克衫
since 自…以来； 自…以后 ——那看上去太糟糕了。
through 1 通过，经过 2 以…；经由 3 由于；因 (XXXX 上海,24) The sunlight came in __
为 4 从头到尾，由始至终 the windows in the roof and lit up the
whole room.
through- 1 遍及, 贯穿 从头到尾; 自始至终 到
处, 2 全面, 完全, 彻底 *A. through B. across
out
C. on D. over
till 1 直到…为止 2 [常用在否定句中]
(=before)在...以前; 直到...才; 不 点拨：A。through表示从某物体空间内穿过，
(until)
到...(不) 与in有关：across表示从某物体表面通过，与
on有关，on表示静态，指位于某物体的表面
to 1 （表示相对的位置）在 2（指时间）
上；over指越过、横过。阳光透过窗户照射进
在…之前；直到…为止 3 对…表示敬意
来，应该用through表示。
4 与…相比，比 5 （表示拥有关系）归
于，属于 6 对着 8（表示结果）导致 (2023 新课标全国Ⅱ卷.读后续写)I owe my
9 （表示程度）达到 10 随着 success to my social teacher who is a
beacon in my life on the road to writing.
toward 1 向, 朝 2 对于 3 (时间)快到 (XXXX 北 京 春 招 ,25)In order to change
attitudes _____ employing women, the
government is bringing in new laws.
A. about B. of *C. towards D. on
点拨：C。attitude意为“态度”，为可数名
词．其后常与介词to或toward(s)连用。题意:
为了改变招聘女性的态度，政府正在提出新法
律。
under 1 在…之下 2 在…过程中 3 从属，附
属 4 以…名义 5 在…（情况）下；由
于
with 1 同, 和 2 随着, 和...同时 3 [使用 (XXXX 北京,33)_____ two exams to worry
的工具, 手段]用 4 有; 带有; 加上 5 about, I have to work really hard this
[表示随身携带]在...身边 6 后面加复合 weekend.
宾语, 表示伴随关系] 7 对于, 关于,
*A. With B. Besides
就...来说within 1在...内, 在...里面 2在...的范围 C. As for D. Because of
内, 不超出...的范围
点拨：A。此处构成"with+复合宾语”结构，即
with sth．to do(有某事要做)。其他选项无
此用法。
without 1 没有；缺少 2 没有陪伴；没有… （METXXXX）I don’t think you can finish
the work ___ my help.
3 在…外
A. since B. because
*C. without D. unless
二、复合介词
词条 词义及其作用 高考考例
according to 按照;根据;取决于 （XXXX 上海） Washington, a state in
the United States, was named _____ one
because of 因为;因
of the greatest American presidents.
as far as 就…而论,同so far as
*A. in honor of
as early as 早在…就
B. instead of
as good as 和…一样好;实际上等于
C. in favor of
as well as 和;除了…之外;不但…而且
D. by means of
as a result of 由于…的结果 点拨：华盛顿州是以一位伟大的美国总统—
华盛顿的名字命名的，目的是为了纪念他，
at the age of 在…岁时
故选A，意思是“为了纪念”。
at the back of 1 在…背后(后部) 2 支持
at the end of 1 (方位)在…尽头 2 (时间)
在…末
at the edge of 在…边上
at the foot of 在…脚下
at the bottom of 1 在…底部 2 出于…的原因 （XXXX 上海）I shall stay in the hotel
all day ____ there is news of the
at the mercy of 完全受…支配(掌握)
missing child.
at the sight of 一看到
*A. in case B. no matter
by beans of 用;依靠;借助于
C. in any case D. ever since
by the way of 1 当作 2 为了 3 用…的方法 点拨：此处的in case实际上是连词，用来
引导状语，可以理解为是in case (that)…
due to 因为
(2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
from behind 从…后面（下面/ 周围/上面…
（ 新 高 考 I 卷 ） . 完 形 填 空 )He was
(under/ around/ on
uncomfortable, and his crying let the
…
whole campground know it. So ___45___
in addition to 除了…之外(还有) tying him up, I just kept a close eye
on him.
in advance of 1 在…前面 2 比…先进
45. A. due to B. instead of
in celebration of 为庆祝…
C. apart from D. as for
in case of 如果;在…时; 在…情况下in search of 寻求;试图发现 考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他
绑起来，而 密是切关注着他。A. due to由
in place of 代替;而不是
于；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. apart
from除了；D. as for至于。
in need of 需要
解析：根据上文“He was___44___, and his
in charge of 对…负责;主管
crying let the whole campground know it.”以
in the charge of 由…负责(表示被动意义) 及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可
知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，
in danger of 有…的危险 所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注
他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。
in spite of 尽管;即使;虽然;不管
in time of 在…时刻
in a state of 处于…状态中
in the course of 在…期间
in honor(memory) 为纪念…
of
instead of 代替;而不是
in favor of 赞同, 有利于 （METXXXX）The Italian boy was regarded
as a hero _____ he gave his life for
on account of 因为;由于；基于
his country.
on behalf of 代表;以…的名义
A. according to B. because of
on the way to 在…途中
C. on account of *D. because
owing to 因为
点拨：A、B、C实际上是干扰项，根据横线
thanks to 因为;多亏 后面是句子可以看出用连词连接，而前三个
选项是复合介词，不具备连接句子的功能，
under the name of 以…的名义 故选D，连词because引导原因状语从句。
under the 在…的条件下
condition that
under the control 在…的支配/控制下
of
with a population 人口为…
of
with exception of 除…之外(有)
with no relation 与…无关
to
with regard to 关于;至于;参考…方面
with respect to 关于;相对;就…而论
with the help of 在…的帮助下 （上海春招 XXXX）--- You seem to show
interest in cooking.
with the 随着…的发展
development of --- What? ____, I’m getting tired of
it.
with increase of 随着…的增加
*A. On the country B. To the country
with the purpose/ 打算;以…为目的
intention of C. On the other hand D. To the other
hand
with the speed of 以…的速度
点拨：意思是“相反”。
with the view of 为了; 以…为目的within the reach 在…力所能及的范围内 （2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
of (新课标全国Ⅱ卷).听力文本） With the
intention of providing a bit of fun,
without regard to 不顾;不考虑
freedom and achievement in the busy
world, it is now published bimonthly.
巩固练习：
第一组试题：
1. (XXXX 浙江，21) The winter of XXXX was extremely bad. _______ most people say it was the
worst winter of their lives.
A. At last B. In fact C. In a word D. As a result
2. ( XXXX 福建, 26) I'd like to buy a house--modern, comfortable, and ______--- in a quiet
neighbor-hood.
A. in all B. above all C. after all D. at all
3. (XXXX,福建,30)It was pity that the great writer died ______ his works unfinished.
A. for B. with C. from D. of
4. (XXXX 北京,33) They had a pleasant chat______ a cup of coffee.
A. for B. with C. during D. over
5. (XXXX 上海, 26)The conference has been held to discuss the effect of tourism _______ the
wild life in the area.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
6. (XXXX 上海春招, 22) The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO
2010 is strongly impressed ______ my memory.
A. to B. over C. by D. on
7. (NMET XXXX 北京,33)--What do you want _______ those old boxes?
--To put things in when I move to the new flat.
A. by B. for C. of D. with
8. (NMET XXXX 北京春招.23) --- You are so lucky.
--What do you mean __ that?
A. for B. in C. of *D. by
9. (XXXX 上海,22) Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain __ an inch.
A. by B. at C. to D. from10. (NMET XXXX,27) The home improvements have taken what little there is ______ my spare
time.
A. from B. in C. of D. at
11. (NMET XXXX,18) ________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent
year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
12. (NMET XXXX,23) Your performance in the driving test didn't reach the required standard--
________ ,you failed.
A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time
13. (XXXX 上海,ll) The number of the employees has grown from 1 000 to 1 200. This means it
has risen _______ 20 percent.
A. by B. at C. to D. with
14. (XXXX 上海,17)I wanted two seats ________ Madame Curie for Friday night, so I rang the
cinema to see if I could book two tickets.
A. of B. about C. to D. for
15. (NMET XXXX,11) The train leaves at 6:00 p. m.. So I have to be at the station ________
5:40 p.m. at the latest.
A. until B. after C. by D. around
16. (XXXX 上海, 14) For miles around me, there was nothing but a desert, without a single
tree ________.
A. in sight B. on earth
C. at a distance D. in place
17. (XXXX 上海,24) Come and see me ________ two or three _________
A. for; clays B. after; days
C. in; days' time D. during; day time
18. (METXXXX) We offered his our congratulations ____ his passing the college exams.
A. at B. on C. for D. of
19. (NMETXXXX) --- How long has this bookshop been in business?
--- ________ XXXX.
A. After B. In C. From D. Since
20. (METXXXX) He Suddenly returned _____ a rainy night.A. on B. at C. in D. during
第二组试题：
1．I’ve decided to go to Hangzhou instead of Dalian my holiday.
A. to B. on C. for D. in
2. ---Will you go home tomorrow morning?
---No, I’m planning .
A. on B. to C. so D. it
3. I used to in his car, but now I have a car .
A. drive; of mine B. drive; of my own C. ride; of my own D. riding; of myself
4. Working in the kitchen for years made Tom a good cook.
A. for B. into C. of D. as
5. I’m hunting for a house, nice, bright, comfortable and with a good garden.
A. all over B. after all C. above all D. in all
6. production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. With C. For D. Through
7. the end of last year, they have been working on the project ,and it is progressing
well.
A. By B. At C. Since D. In
8.She is older than three years.
A. me for B. I am by C. I for D. me by
9. We didn’t finish the work on time. That got us all kind of difficulties.
A. / B. into C. out of D. off
10.____the eve of the spring festival, the evening show was broadcast live on CCTV-1,
brought great pleasure to the whole nation.
A. On; that B. At; which C. In; what D. On; which
11.The speech by the mayor of shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly
impressed my memory.
A. to B. over C. by D. on
12.The naughty boy played a trick luck by tearing her letter pieces.
A. on; into B. with; into C. with ; to D. on; off13.The teacher asked for a book radio.
A. at B. on C. near D. under
14. The student is weak English, he wants to give it up.
A. in B. of C. about D. during
15.The doctor looked him and gave him some medicine cough.
A. up ;of B. up; for C. over ; of D. over ; for
16. ---These boxes are too heavy for me to move.
---Here, I’ll give you a hand_____ them.
A. for B. to C. with D. by
17.He was blind____ the left eye, for something hit him _____ the left eye a few days ago.
A. in ; on B. on ; on C. in ; in D. with; in
18. I’m three years senior_____ my wife.
A. than B. to C. of D. with
19. It is known ____ all that it is very important for us students to learn English well.
A. with B. to C. of D. for
20.Don’t leave your baby _____ himself when you are out.
A. by B. with C. of D. for
21. ,it is more pleasant to go on a picnic.
A. With my mind B. To my mind C, For my mind D. At my mind
22.You would always be ____ two minds about such things.
A. for B. to C. at D. in
23. There is nothing interesting ____ swimming on a hot summer day.
A. as B. about C. with D. like
24.All the people around were affected _____ tears by the sight.
A. for B. in C. to D. with
25.On her entering ____ the conversation, I stopped to listen.
A. into B. in C to D. of
26. The boy was scolded _____ being late ____ class.
A. about; to B. for ; to C. for ; for D. because; to
27.Bob often quarrels _____ his friends _____ small things.
A. to; of B. with ; about C. with ;for D. to ;about
28.____ an old woman, the room was empty.A. except for B. only C. except D. besides
29.A cock is sitting ____ a tall tree.
A. in B. at C. of D. on
30.A trained dog can act ____ a guide for stranger.
A. as B. on C. in D. to
31. We offered our congratulations _____ his winning the match.
A. at B. on C. for D. at
32. Don’t worry, we will find the dog for you ______.
A. for some time B. in no time C. on time D. at time
33. The mountains look gray ______ the blue sky.
A. in B. under C. against D. to
34. The sick man is _____ Dr. Zhang who is _____ this hospital.
A. in the charge of ; in the charge of B. in charge of ; in charge of
C. in charge of ; in the charge of D. in the charge of ; in charge of
35. The mother took her daughter _____ the hand and patted her _____ the head and _____ the
face.
A. in; by ;on B. by; on ; in C. on ; in ; by D. with; in ; on
36. The teacher sat ____ the classroom and asked his students to put their bags _____ the
blackboard.
A. in front of ; in the front of B. in the front of ; in front of
C. in front of ; in front of D. in the front of ; in the front of
37. When the spaceship leaves the earth ____ very high speed, the astronauts feel as if they
are being crashed____ the spaceship.
A. with ; in B. at ; on C. with; to D. at; against
38. My daughter comes from school and then spends an hour on the phone talking to the very
people she has been at school ____ all day.
A. on B. since C. with D. for
39. There are many beautiful islands____ the east coast of the country.
A. off B. along C. on D. from
40. Books are the most important records we keep ____ man’s thoughts ,ideas and feelings.
A. for B. of C. up D. on41.My mother doesn’t think she’ll need any money but she will bring some _____.
A. once again B. at last C. in case D. in time
42. It’s not surprising she wasn’t a very good dancer,______, she’d only had one lesson.
A. At first B. At last C. Above all D. After all
43._____ what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.
A. Instead of B. In spite of C. Contrary to D. Because of
44.Three _____ four people believe that having healthy teeth is very important.
A. by B. from C. out of D. to
45. Our parents will show us a film projector for our party. Let’s sit _____ the table and
have a look.
A. on B. near C. round D. about
46. Her face gave her _____ when she told a lie.
A. off B. away C. up D. out
47.---Shall we go and help them with their work?
--- We’d better not. They said we’d just be _____ if we tried to help.
A. in the way B. by the way C. on the way D. off the way.
48. This skirt is made ____ your mother ___ her measure.
A. for; to B. for ; for C. to ; to D. for ; by
49. A man may usually be known by the books he reads ______ by the friends he keeps.
A. as well as B. as if C. as soon as D. as usual
50. Kate’s little brother kicked the ball to the river, he took great trouble to get it
_____.
A. on B. from C. from on D. over from
参考答案与思路点拨解析：
第一组：
KEY：1-5 BBBDB 6-10 DDDAC 11-15 CCADC 16-20 ACBDA
1. 点拨：B。in fact意为“实际上”，符合语境；at last最后；in a word总而言之；as a result结
果。
2. 点拨： B。above all意为“最重要的是；尤其”，符合题意；in all总计；after all毕竟；at all
根本。3. 点拨：B。此处构成"with+复合宾语。结构，在句中作状语。
4. 点拨：D。over在此意为“(饮食、工作等)一边……，—边……”，又如：He sang over his work．
他边工作边唱歌。题意：他们一边喝咖啡，一边愉快地聊天。
5. 点拨：B。effect意为“影响”，常与介词on连用，属于习惯搭配。题意：已经开会讨论了旅游对该
地区野生动植物的影响。
6.点拨：D。impress．．．on／upon．．．意为“给……留下深刻印象”，此处用作被动语态。
7. 点拨：D。答语To put things in when l move to the new flat．说明了那些旧箱子用途。with意为
“用”，后接具体的工具；by表示手段时，后常接抽象名词，如：go by car。
8.点拨：点拨：D。by that相当于by saying that，意为“通过这么说”，此处by表示一种手段。
9. 点拨：A。by此处意为“相差……数目或程度”。题意：幸运的是，子弹以一英寸之差没射中上尉。
10. 点拨：C。what little意为“仅有的一点点”，相当于代词，“my spare time作其定语，what
little of my spare time意为“我仅有的一点点业余时间”，不能因思维定势而选择in。题意：房
屋装修占去了我仅有的一点点业余时间。
11. C。此处构成“with+名词十副词”这种独立结构。本结构在句中多作状语，此处表示原因。意思是：
由于产量提高了60%，这家公司有又一个辉煌年。
12. 点拨：根据题干中的破折号的解释说明作用可以看出用in other words，意思是“换句话说”。故
选C。
13. 点拨： 表示“增减到多少”介词用 to，表示“以多少的比率或幅度增减”介词用 by，动词有
increase/ go up/ decrease/ reduce等。故选A。
14. 点拨：表示某部电影的票或座位用介词for表示，可以理解为“对于、适合于”。而of表示所属关
系。故选D。
15. 点拨：by的意思是“到…为止”，与at the latest前后想照应。句意是“…所以我最晚在5：40赶
到火车站。”故选C。
16. 点拨：A in sight“看见”；on earth“究竟、到底”；at a distance“在稍远处”与For miles
around me相矛盾。故选A。
17. C in two or three days’ time = in two or three days,多与将来时连用，表示“两三天以
后”。
18. 点拨：根据动词短语congratulate sb. on sth. “因某事向某人祝贺”，故选B。
19. 点拨：根据完成时态的问句可知答句应该是完成时，从句用了省略形式，如果补上就容易看了，即：
This bookshop has been in business since XXXX.故选D。20.点拨：通常用at night，in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening,但是当名词前有修饰
词时，介词用on，本题的短语at night的night被形容词rainy所修饰，故选A。
第二组：
KEY： 1-5 CBCBC 6-10 BCBBD 11-15 DABAD 16-20 CCBBA 21-25 BDDCA
26-30 CBAAA 31-35 BBCDB 36-40 BDCAB 41-45 CDCCC 46-50 CBAAC
1． C 此句说的是为度假做出的决定，故用for
2． B plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”，其中的不定式如是前文提到的动词，采用省略形式，只
保留不定式符号to。
3． C used to 过去常常做某事，ride in a car搭车，of one’s own属于某人自己的。
4． B make sb. into表示“使某人成为”
5． C above all除这些之外，首要的，本句意为“除此之外，还带有一个花园”。
6． B with的复合结构表示原因。
7． C 由句中have been working现在完成进行时可知选C。
8． B she is older than I am by three years= she is three years old than I am by表示大的
程度。
9． B get sb. into使某人陷入。
10． D 指具体的某一天或某天的上午、下午、晚上，用介词on，后为which引导的一个非限制性定语
从句。
11． D impress sth. on one’s memory为固定搭配，把…牢牢记住。
12． A play a trick on sb.意为“捉弄某人”、“开某人玩笑”；tear sth. into pieces意为“把…
撕碎”。
13． B on 在此句中作“关于”之意，接近about，“一本关于无线电的书”。
14． A in在…方面，be weak in 为习惯用法。
15． D 动词短语look over意为检查，for 意为“为治…的药”，表用途。
16． C 根据句意只能理解为帮助做某事，只有with有此用法。
17． C be blind in瞎在…眼，打在…上＋较软的部位hit sb in 。
18． B senior to 大于，优于。
19． B be known to 众所周知。
20． A by oneself独自，习惯用法。
21． B to one’s mind按我的看法，为英语习惯用法。22． D in two minds三心二意
23． D like意为“象”，是介词，as作介词时意为“作为”。
24． C be affected to tears被感动的流泪。
25． A enter into 开始从事或进入。
26．C 第一个for表示原因“由于…迟到”，与动词scold形成一定的呼应关系；第二个for表示目的，
be late for为常用搭配。
27． B quarrel with sb.与某人争吵，quarrel about sth.为某事而争吵。
28． A except for意为“除去”，主要说明基本情况之外，再加详细修正，它的后面的名词或代词与
句中涉及到的事物不同类。
29． A 在树上而不属于树本身一部分用in。
30． A as作介词意为“作为”，act as担任，充当。
31． B 与congratulations或congratulate搭配的介词是on.
32． B in no time立刻，马上。
33． C against在句中意为“反衬，对比”。
34． D in charge of 表示主动的主管，负责，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，而in the charge
of 意为“由…主管或负责”，其主语往往是一单位、部门或某项工作。
35． B 当用于句型V. sb +prep.+the 身体部位时，by表牵、拉之意，on 表较硬部位，in指较软部
位。
36． B in front of 在一物体前边；in the front of 在某一物体内部的前部。
37． D speed前有high, full, top修饰时多用at，speed前没有形容词修饰时只能用at，against贴
着，紧靠。
38． C with意为“在一起”，根据题干知此句的意思是“和与她整天在一起的人通一个小时的电话”。
39． A off意为“在离…的附近”。 40． B keep records of为习惯搭配，意为“记录…”。
41． C 根据句意“母亲认为她无须带钱，但她会带些钱（以防万一）”，故选C。
42． D after all毕竟，终究，别忘了。理解句意即知。
43． C 句意前后显然构成对比，表示那次旅行恰与我的原来想法相反。
44． C three out of four people= three in four people四分之三的人认为（四人中有三人认
为）。
45． C 围桌而坐应用round。
46． B give away有泄露之意。47． A 根据句意，既然我们最好不要帮他，因为他说如果我们尽力帮他，只会碍手碍脚。In the way
妨碍，挡道，造成不便。
48. A 句意是：这裙子是照你妈妈的尺寸给她定做的。注意习惯表达法to(one’s own) measure。
49. A 句意为：我们可以从一个人看的书来了解他，也可以从他所将交的朋友来了解他。as well as在句
中连接两个并列成分 by the books he reads和 by the friends he keeps
50. C get sth. from从某处得到某物，在河上为 on the river，意为从河面上拿到球。
