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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：形容词、副词比较级要点精讲+巩固训练
【考点导航】
1. ---- Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
--- Yes. I’ve never been to _____ one before. (四川XXXX.27)
A. a more excited B. the most excited *C. a more exciting D. the more exciting
2. The more I think about him, the more reason I find for loving him _____ I did. (湖南XXXX.31)
*A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as
3. This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it used _____ water and electricity than _____
models. (北京XXXX.21)
*A. less; older B. less; elder C. fewer; older D. fewer; elder
4. What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is _____ it is long. (湖北XXXX.28)
A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as
*C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half
解析：
1.选C。根据句中的one 代替party知道修饰物用exciting，排除A、B。题中的one应该是泛指，因此用不
定代词，故选C，用比较级形式表示最高级意义，句意是“我从来没有参加过这样让人激动的晚会”，
暗示这次是最让人激动的晚会。
2. 选A。根据the more… the more句型的提示可知句子的意思是“我对他的考虑（回忆）”越多，就会发
现越多深爱他的理由”，因此选A，as much as表示程度。
3. 选A。根据被修饰词water and electricity是不可数名词排除C、D；比较级older的意思是“以前的，过
去的，较老的”，elder的意思是“年长的, 资格老的”，因此选A。句意是“这种洗衣机是环保型洗衣
机，因为较之老款洗衣机即省水又省电 ”。
4. 选C。本题考查比较级表示倍数关系。本题结构属于“倍数+as+原级+as+比较对象”。句意是“竟然有
这样的餐桌，我以前从来没有见过。桌子的宽度还不到长度的一半”。
[考点突破]
英文中的形容词和副词一般都有三种级的形式即：原级（The Positive Degree），比较级（The
Comparative Degree）和最高级（The Superlative Degree）。本文主要讲解形容词或副词的比较级形式，以
便同学们更好地掌握。一、原级变为比较级的几种形式
1、单音节词在后面直接加上-er构成； 以e结尾的直接加上-r；以辅音结尾且只有一个元音字母的双写
辅音字母再加上-er。如：
hard—harder fast—faster late—later hot—hotter
少数需要在原级前加上more构成。如：fond, glad, please, tired, calm等。
2、双音节词的比较级构成。
1）以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词去y为i，然后加上-er。如：
pretty—prettier happy—happier
2）以-er, -ow, -le, -re, -some结尾的双音节词，一般在词尾加上-er，本身以e结尾的直接加上-r。
如：
clever—cleverer shallow—shallower handsome—handsomer severe---severer
3）以-ful, -ous, -able, -ive, -ing结尾的双音节词在前面加上more构成比较级。如：
useful, famous, active, lovable等
3、有些词的比较级是不规则的。如：
bad/ill—worse much/many—more little—less well/good—better
old—older（更老的）/elder （更年长）late—later（较迟的）/latter （更后的）
far—farther(更远的)/further （更远的/进一步的/更多的）
考例1：(北京春招 XXXX.19) many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs
_____ for the poor.
*A. more B. much C. many D. most
考例2：(江西XXXX.35) I don’t think this film is by far the most boring. I’ve seen ____.
A. better *B. worse C. the best D. the worst
二、比较级的基本用法和构成形式
1、表示“A＝B”用“as+ 原级+as”。如：
He can run as fast as I can. 他能跑得和我一样快。
考例1：(NMET94.28) He plays football ______, if not better than, David.
A. as well *B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
考例2：（NMETXXXX.28）It’s generally believed that teaching is _________ it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as *D. as much an art as点拨：在“as + adj. + a (an) +单数名词＋as…” 的比较级结构中，a或an不可放在形容词之前，本句
意思是“人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学，又是一门艺术。故选D。
2、表示“A＜B”用“not so/as+ 原级+as”，其中的so不用于肯定句中。如：
His MP3 is not so/as good as mine.他的MP3没有我的好。
考例：(上海XXXX)He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker.
A. as fluent as B. more fluent than
*C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
3、表示“A＞B”用“比较级+than…”，如：
Mary sings better than anyone else in the class. 玛丽比班上任何人唱得都好。
He is more concerned about others than about himself.
他对别人的关心胜过关心自己。
考例：(NMETXXXX. II.14) --- Did you take enough money with you?
--- No, I needed ____ I thought I would.
A. not so much as B. as much as *C. much more than D. much less than
在as … as 的结构中，我们还常见这样两种句型：as much + 不可数名词 + as 和as many + 复数可
数名词 + as 。例如：
She spread as much butter on her bread as Jane usually does.
她在面包上涂的黄油与琼通常涂的一样多。
He has learned as many English words as his brother (has ) .
他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英文单字。
三、比较级表示最高级形式
1、将一个人或是一件事与其他所有的人或事相比较时，常在比较状语中用any ,other , else类的字眼，
以将比较主体排除在比较对象以外，因为自己不可以与自己相比较。例如：
He is taller than anyone else in our class. 他在我们班比其他任何都高。
Iron is more useful than any other metals. 铁比其他任何金属更有作用。
2、通过比较级的否定形式表示最高级。用“never/not…+a+adj+单数名词”表示没有与之相比的对
象，从而体现出最高级意义。
考例1：(NMET1996.11) How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ______.
A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice *D. a better voice
句意是：她唱得很美，我从来没有听过这么好听的歌声/我从来没有听过比她唱的还好听的歌声。由此可以推断他的声音是我所听到的到目前为止最好听的声音。
考例2：(江西XXXX.21) --- Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?
--- Thank you. ______.
*A. It couldn’t be better B. Of course you can C. If you like D. It’s up to you
考例3：(XXXX.27) Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____IQ.
A. a high *B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest
点拨：anyone in the class与Boris相比较，须用比较级；the higher表示“两者之中较……那个”，
是特指，a higher表示泛指。题意：Boris 很聪明，而事实上我怀疑班上是否还有人拥有更高的智
商，故选B。
四、比较级的修饰词和冠词问题
（一）比较级的修饰词
可在比较级前加表示程度的状语表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，
still，much，far, by far, a great deal, rather, three times …等。根据句子的意思可以译作“更、非常、很”
等，其中a bit，a little意思是“稍微，有点”。如：
This book is far more interesting than that one. 这本书比那一本有趣多了。
You've been working much harder than I have. 你一直比我工作得努力多了。
考例1：(上海XXXX.34) You’re standing too near the camera. Can you move ____?
A. a bit far *B. a little farther C. a bit of farther D. a little far
考例 2：(江苏 XXXX.33) I wish you’d do _____ talking and some more work. Thus things will become
better.
*A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more
点拨：A bit= a little用于修饰比较级，根据题意应该选择“更少一点”。句意是“我希望你能少说一
点，多做一些，这样情况会更好”。故选A。
注意:by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面,应在二者中间加
“the”。
She is taller by far than her brother. 或：She is by far the taller of the two sisters.
（二）比较级中的冠词问题
比较级作表语或状语通常不用冠词，但是作定语时要根据情况使用不定冠词或定冠词。
考例：(上海XXXX.35) Greenland, ____ island in the wood, covers over two million square kilometers.
A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest *D. the largest考例：（MET1994）If there were no examinations, we should have ______ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time *D. a much happier time
五、没有比较级形式的形容词
某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用 to代替than。如superior，junior，senior，major,
minor, inferior等。
He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics．
His job is to give instructions to people junior to him. 他的职责是指导职位在他之下的人。
He preferred the company of those who were intellectually inferior to himself. 他喜欢与那些智
力不如他的人为伍。
I must admit that in Sydney in 2000, I thought our boat was inferior to our competitors' boats.
我必须承认，2000年在悉尼时，我曾经想过我们的船不如对手的船好。
My brother is senior/junior to me by two years. 家兄比我年长/小两岁。
Together the team may then produce something new, unique and superior to that of any one
member. 这样，团队就可以一起创造出一些新的、独特的、优于任何一个成员的单独成果的
东西。
六、被比较的对象要有对等性
在比较级中，所列出的比较对象应该是平行的，不同类之间通常不具有可比性，比较级应该是同类之
间才具有可比性，注意比较对象之间的平行关系。在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(those)，one(ones)
代替前面出现的名词。that指物，可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词；one既可指人，也可指物，只能代替
可数名词。those代替复数名词。例如：
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk．
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood．
The population of China is larger than that of any other country.
分析：中国是世界人口做多的国家。（其中的 that代替前面的population，不可以用“中国的人口
数”与 “其它任何国家”进行比较，因为人口数和国家不是同一个概念，不具有可比性。）
考例：(上海XXXX)The director gave me a better offer than ______.
A. that of Dick’s B. Dick’s C. he gave Dick D. those of Dick七、失去比较意义的比较级
有的比较结构实际上没有比较对象，并非真正的比较，这与比较对象省略不同。例如：
The car runs faster than 110 miles. 那辆车时速为110多英里。
There is more than one solution to the problem. 这个问题的解决办法不止一个。
The daily cost in an average hospital in the United States can run as high as $250.
在美国普通医院的每天的费用可高达250美元。
另外还有一些比较级有非比较意义，如：as far as（就…而言）, as soon as（一…就…）, as/so long as
（只要…就…）, as good as（实际上相当于...）, as well as“也，又”等。
考例1：(安徽XXXX) John is the tallest boy in the class ____ according to himself.
A. five foot eight as tall as *B. as tall as five foot eight
C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as
考例2：(上海XXXX.33) --- How far apart do they live?
--- _____ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood.
A. As long as *B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as
考例3： (北京XXXX.31) ______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless *C. As long as D. While
点拨：As long as“只要…就…”，引导条件状语从句。
考例4：(XXXX.35) _____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A. As long as *B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if
点拨：As far as I can see的意思是“依我看”。
八、比较级与倍数表达法
表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
1、A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, deep, larger, etc.) as B.
前一个as是副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级，而后一个as是连词，引导比较状语从句，表示两
倍可以用 twice 或 double。
考例1：(上海XXXX.31) The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I
am paying ____ here.
A. as three times much B. as much three times
C. much as three times *D. three times as much考例2：(上海春招XXXX.39) Americans eat ____ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as *D. more than twice as many
2、A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.
典例：Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
3、A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.
句型中冠词不可以省掉，由于size /length/ width/ depth等名词有其自己对应的形容词形式，因此可以
与表达法1进行句型转换。the size (length/ width/ depth/height/weight/ amount…) + of + B也可以用“形容物
主性代词+名词”或“名词+定语从句”的形式。
考例1：(上海XXXX) At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _____ Great Britain.
A. three times the size of B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of *D. three times the size of
考例2：(北京XXXX) He did it _______ it took me.
A. one- third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time *D. one-third the time
九、含有比较级的特定结构
（一）含有比较级的固定短语
Sooner or later意思是“迟早”, worse still（what’s worse, to make things/ matters worse）“更糟的是”,
what’s more“而且”, more or less“或多或少”, less than“少于”, no more/not any more“不再（强调数量）”,
no longer/not any longer“不再（强调时间）”,
考例1：(浙江XXXX014) Maggie has been fortunate to find a job she loves and, _____, she gets well paid for it.
A. sooner or later *B. what’s more C. as a result D. more or less
考例2：(MET1990.34) --- Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown’s office?
--- I’m sorry, but Mr. Brown _____works here. He left about three weeks ago.
A. not now B. no more C. not still *D. no longer
（二）句型No sooner…than…
本句型是包含比较级的一个特殊句型，意思是“一……就……”，no sooner置于句首通常要用倒装结
构，即把谓语动词的一部分置于主语之前，主句部分多用过去完成时态，所以句型结构是：No
sooner+had+主语+过去分词+…+than….。
考例：(天津XXXX.3) --- Did Linda see the traffic accident?--- No, no sooner _____ than it happened.
*A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone
（三）not more than, no more than, more than
not more than表示“不超过”；no more than “仅仅，只不过；跟…一样不”；more than“多于，超过；
不仅仅”。如：
考例：(NMETXXXX.IV.33) Lizzie was ____ to see her friend off at the airport.
A. a little more than sad *B. more than a little sad
C. sad more than a little D. a little more sad than
（四）More and more.
表示“越来越（怎么样）”，在这个结构中的两个 "比较级"要求词性相同。例如：
My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.我的家乡变得越来越漂亮。
When winter is coming , it gets colder and colder .冬天来临之际，天越来越冷了。
（五）句型“the +比较级……，the +比较级……意为“越……，越……”。
意思是“越（怎么样就）越（怎么样）”，在这个结构中的两个“比较级”不要求一定词性相同，它
们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定。前面部分是从句，表示条件，后面部分是主句，表示结果。比较级要
与被修饰词在一起。
考例1：(上海XXXX.26) As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, ____.
A. the more for life are you equipped *B. the more equipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life
考例2：(上海XXXX.26) In recent years travel companies have succeeding in selling us the idea that the further
we go, ____.
A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better
*C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday will be
【牛刀小试】
1. There are more than twice ______ five years ago.
A. as many books as B. many books as C. many books D. as much book s as
2. After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced ＿＿ tractors in 1988 as the year before．A．as twice many B．as many twice C．twice as many D．twice many as
3. (NMETXXXX. II.8) Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard ______ before.
A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one
4. (NMETXXXX.I) Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ____ she was getting.
A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest
5. (山东XXXX) Mr. Smith owns _____ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.
A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large
6. (福建XXXX) The number of people present at the concert was ____ than expected. There were many tickets
left.
A. much smaller B. much more C. much larger D. many more
7. My niece has three brothers, all _____ than she. ____, John, is an oil worker.
A. elder ;The oldest B. older; The oldest C. elder; The old one D. older; The eldest
KEYS: 1-5 ACCAB 6-7 AD
【牛刀小试】
1. (NMETXXXX.III) ---Is your headache getting _______?
--- No, it’s worse.
A. better B. bad C. less D. well
2. (上海1993) It’s believed that ______ you work, _____ result you’ll get.
A. the harder; the better B. the more harder; the more better
C. the harder; a better D. more harder; more harder
3. _______ had he been invited to the palace ball _____ than he told his wife the news.
A. Soon; when B. Not Soon; that C. No sooner; than D. No sooner; when
4. ________, he forgot to bring his textbooks.
A. Making things worse B. To make things worse
C. To make matters better D. Making things better
5. He became ______ satisfied with the football team's performance.
A. more and less B. little and less C. less and little D. less and less
6. (NMETXXXX.III) It is reported that the United States uses ____ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much
7. (福建XXXX) --- Would you like ______, sir?
--- No thanks, I have had much.
A. some more oranges B. any more oranges C. some more orange D. any more orange8. (北京XXXX) Our neighbor has _______ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as
9. (上海春招XXXX) After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ____ an hour, thinking of her
young and happy days.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as many as
10. --- The cake is delicious.
--- Well, at least it is ______ the one I baked last week.
A. as bad as B. no worse than C. no better than D. not better than
KEYS: 1-5 AACBD 6-10 DCBAB
