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第 15 讲 形容词和副词的比较等级（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题形容词和副词的比较等级考点细目表
时间 卷次 语法填空/短文改错/单项选择
2023年 新高考I卷 语法填空: /
新高考** 错误 语法填空: /
的表达式 **卷
全国甲卷 语法填空: /
短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: /
短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: /
浙江卷 (1月)语法填空: /
(6月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择：
2022年 新高考I卷 语法填空: /
新高考** 错误 语法填空: /
的表达式 **卷
全国甲卷 语法填空: __ highest_______ (high)
短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: ____largest_____ (large)
短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: ____19 worse____ (bad)
浙江卷 (1月)语法填空: /
(6月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： /
2021年 新高考I卷 语法填空: /
新高考** 错误 语法填空: /
的表达式 **卷
全国甲卷 语法填空: 5 better (good)
短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: /
短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: /
浙江卷 (1月)语法填空: 10 lower (low)
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 1(6月)语法填空: 4 smaller (small)
天津卷 （第一次）单项选择: /
（第二次）单项选择: /
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年对于形容词和副词的比较等级主要考查：
1. 给出形容词和副词提示词，考查形容词和副词的比较级；
2. 形容词和副词的比较级句型。
【备考策略】
1. 掌握形容词、副词比较级和最高级的规则变化和不规则变化；
2. 掌握修饰比较级和最高级的标志词和相关句式。
【命题预测】
语法填空对形容词和副词的比较等级考查仍然会成为高考的重点，主要集中在考查形容词和副词的比
较等级形式与比较级固定句型的用法。
考点一 形容词、副词比较级和最高级
一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
1. 规则变化
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词末一般直接加er和est great greater greatest
brave braver bravest
单音节词以e结尾，只加r和st
wide wider widest
闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写 big bigger biggest
这个辅音字母，再加er和est hot hotter hottest
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加er和est happy happier happiest
difficult more difficult most difficult
多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most
expensive more expensive most expensive
clever cleverer cleverest
少数以er，ow结尾的双音节词，加er和est
narrow narrower narrowest
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 2(1) 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加er和est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音
节词是：common, handsome, polite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以ow，er结尾的词。
(2) 有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：
right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，
perfect(完美的)等。
2. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well better best
bad, ill worse worst
many, much许多的 more most
little less least
far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远
far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深
old older/elder oldest/eldest
elder 不能与than连用，只能用作定语修饰名词，仅用于同辈之间的排行，即家庭成员的长幼关系，如：
elder sister(姐姐)，elder brother(哥哥)
二、 比较级、最高级标志词和相关句式
一 比较级和最高级的标志词
(1) 修饰形容词/副词比较级的词有：rather，much，still，even，far，by far (后置)，a lot，a little，a
great deal，a bit, any等。
The students study even harder than before.
学生们甚至比以前学习更努力了。
The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read.
这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。
(2) 最高级可用by far，almost，nearly，one of及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 3The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。
(3) 比较级+than... (比......更......)
He rises earlier than anyone else in his class.
他比班里其他人都起得早。
(4) less+than 多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than... (不如......)
This book is less amusing than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
(5) the+比较级+of (两者中更......的)
He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的。
(6) the+比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语（越......就越......）
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越认真，犯的错误就越少。
the +最高级，副词最高级前通常不用the .
Of all the mobile phones I like this one best.
在所有手机中，我最喜欢这个。
（7）“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……”
在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词er＋and＋形容词/副词er”结构，
多音节形容词和副词常用“more and more＋形容词或副词原级”结构。
Things are getting better and better day by day.
情况正在一天天好起来。
It's becoming more and more difficult to find a rewarding job.
找一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。
（8）否定词与比较级连用表示最高级
I have never heard a better voice.
我从来没有听过比这更好听的声音。
(1) 类似用法的结构：can't/couldn't ... too＋adj./adv.＝can't/couldn't ... ＋adj./adv.＋enough 表示“无论……
也不为过”。
(2) 英语中有些词没有比较级，但仍可表示比较级的意思，通常与介词to连用，不与than共同使用，如：
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 4senior, junior, superior, inferior等。
三、 倍数表达法
A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋B
The＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句
①The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.
为迎接下一届亚运会而正在修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。
②Smoking is harmful to people's health，killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents.
吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人是死于交通事故的7倍多。
③The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的4倍大。
④The price is ten times what it normally is and totally beyond the reach of ordinary people.
这个价格是平时的10倍，一般人根本买不起。
（2023·1月新高考浙江卷 语法填空）Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan
were far smaller in scale and ________ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
1.【2023届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期模拟】 I owe big thanks to Baduajin since it
gives me a much 39 (healthy) lifestyle,” a young netizen commented below the video.
2.【2022届广东省高三综合能力测试（三）】The Shenzhou-13 crew exited the return capsule one hour and 10
minutes after their touchdown, 64 (fast) than that for Shenzhou-12 crew which took one hour and 40
minutes.
3.【2023届广西南宁市高三上学期毕业班摸底】After Autumn Equinox, the location of direct sunlight moves to
the south, making days shorter and nights ___65___ (long) in the northern hemisphere (半球). In ancient China,
people threw arrows into pots to welcome Autumn Equinox.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 5过关检测
1. (2023届湖北省圆创联考高三下学期五月联合测评试题)Words become filled with meaning for us by
experience; and the____64____ (long) we live, the more certain words recall to us the happy and sad events of our
past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean ....
2．(2023·山西省太原市高三模拟二)Norwegians, by the way, always eat the skin of the fish, which they say is the
________ (tasty) of all.
3．（2023·安徽省蚌埠市第一次教学质量检查）The period of hot days after Start of Autumn, usually lasting for
30 days, is called “Autumn Tiger" or “Indian Summer". Because of decreasing rainfall, it is even ________
（hot）during this period than during Major Heat.
4.【江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中调研】On Autumn Equinox day, there are thousands of
people in the world trying to make eggs stand on end. According to experts, on the Spring Equinox and Autumn
Equinox, the earth’s axis(轴), on its 66.5 degree tilt, is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around
the sun. Thus it is an ____45____ (easy) time for people to practice the game.
5.（2023·江苏省连云港市调研）______ (early), seal carving was accomplished only by workers. During the
Song Dynasty, scholars and artists began to get involved in it. They combined seal carving with calligraphy and
painting, making this traditional art more popular in China.
6.（2023届四川省绵阳市高三上学期一诊试题）The space lab,which weighs 23 tons and is 17.9 meters tall, is
the country’s largest and______(heavy) spacecraft to date.
7.（2023届哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三第三次模拟考试）Whether the youth in China or Gen Zers (Z世代
人) abroad, they are jumping on the fashion wagon. JongMay is one of them and the rise has brought her dream
within much ________ (easy) reach.
8. （2023届山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三下学期三模试题）Becca said. In India, which had the
________(high) participation outside the US last year, tens of thousands of people submitted bird checklists.
9．(2023·山东省济宁市高三检测)MidAutumn Festival is one of ________ (important) festivals in Chinese
calendar.
10.（2023·江苏省扬州市高邮市第一中学等2校联考）The successful application can further help improve tea’s
influence globally. It will not only promote more respect for cultural diversity and human creativity but also will
encourage people to pursue ________ (healthy) lifestyles by integrating tea culture into their daily lives.
11.（2023·江苏省淮安市高中校协作体期中）A 2009 study found that people are “far ________ (little) willing
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 6to keep many choices open” when some have bigger rewards than others.
12. In the final of the men’s 100 meter sprint at this year’s Tokyo Olympic Games，Lamont Marcel Jacobs ran
（the）_________（fast） of all.
真题演练
2023年
【2023年浙江卷1月】Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____62____ (simple)in design and
decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
2022年
1.【2022全国甲卷...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high) mountain.
2.【2022全国乙卷】“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _________
(large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy
development of the tea industry.
3.【2022年北京卷】More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That
includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is
getting even ____19____ (bad).
2021年
1.【2021全国甲卷】After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it
was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
2.【2021.6 浙江卷】When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today.
3. 【 2021.1 浙 江 卷 】 This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside,
including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
2020年
1.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to
come and present their 62. (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. ...
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 72【2020年浙江卷1月】 The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are
large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___61___(old)than
before.
3.【2020年北京卷】 They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human
ancestors were____10____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals
suggests otherwise.
2019
1.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after
seeing a doctor.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 8
