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考点 02 形容词、副词、情态动词 （核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
高考考点 语法填空之形容词、副词、情态动词
The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's
2023上海秋考 decision and thanked him for his fair judgment. From that day forward,
they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best friends.
未设考点
2023上海春考
2022上海秋考 未设考点
2022上海春考 未设考点
When you were younger，a piano lesson may have ruined your day. Carrying a
flute from class to class just for a half-hour lesson(21)_______have seemed
2021上海春考
pointless.But as you enter the adult world suddenly you realize that knowing how to
play an instrument is pretty cool. Yes, even the flute.
Part 01 形容词/副词
【思维导图】【知识梳理】
形容词、副词的比较等级
考点一：
一、平级比较
1. ＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
2. ＂as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比较，即两个或两部
分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
【特别提醒】
as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词。如：
☞The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is 100 meters tall. 这栋楼有100米。
二、比较级
1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal等。
☞He is much taller than Yao Ming. 他比姚明高多了。
☞The book is better by far than that one.这本书比那本书要好得多。
2. 比较级的常见结构：
（1）“比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。
☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。
☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。（2）由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级
①more “比……多”，后接复数名词或不可数名词
☞I have more news books than my cousin.
☞He has more milk than I .
②less “比……少”，后接不可数名词
☞He has less water than me.
③fewer“比……少”，后接复数名词
☞They have fewer flowers than we .
3. 比较级的特殊结构
（1）The more…,the more…表示“越……,就越……”(more代表比较级)
☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。
☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.
你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。
2.“比较级+比较级”和“more and more+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”
☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner. 我们的校园越来越干净。
☞Our city becames more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
3.＂the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂。
☞The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
4. “no +比较级+than”结构表示“和……一样不……”
“not +比较级+than”结构意为“不及”，表示前者不如后者
☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
☞My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。
三、最高级
1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing
like。
☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
☞I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
2. 最高级意义的表达法
①the +最高级+比较范围
☞This apple is the biggest of the five.
②never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数
☞I have never read a better book than this.
③ 比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋anyone else比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词
eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)
①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.
②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.
③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.
④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.
⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.
④否定词＋比较级＝最高级。
☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
你对他在会议上说的满意吗？
—No. It couldn’t have been worse.
不，不能再差了。
倍数表达法
考点二：
表示倍数的句型：
(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋B
(4)A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
(5)A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句
☞This building is three times higher than that one.
This building is three times as high as that one.
This building is three times the height of that one.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。
☞The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
☞After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year
before. 自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。
考点三：
–ing形容词和-ed形容词
1. 以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人……的”，常作定语；主要用于说明事物，
表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。2. 以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）……的”，常作表语；通常用于说明人，
不
用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。
encourage 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的
interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的
astonishing令人惊呆的 astonished 惊呆的
surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised感到好奇的
moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的
frightening令人害怕的 frightened害怕的
terrifying令人恐惧 terrified感到恐惧的
puzzling 令人困惑不解的 puzzled感到困惑的
satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
tiring 令人厌倦的 tired感到厌烦的
amazing令人惊讶的 amazed感到惊讶的
boring 令人讨厌的 bored感到厌烦的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到激动的
touching 触动人心的 touched感动的
embarrassing令人尴尬的 embarrassed尴尬的
☞He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
☞He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他告诉了我这个消息，声音很激动。
☞The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
☞The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
☞a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)
a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)
☞an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)
an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)
Part 02 情态动词
【思维导图】【知识梳理】
考点一：考查情态动词的基本用法
对于情态动词,通常是在具体的语境(尤其是对话)中考查其基本含义。个别高频情态动词在特殊语境下的特
殊含义(如:must“非得;偏要”,should“竟然”,shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等)
是高考的热点和难点。常见情态动词的基本用法是高考考查的重点。
例题：
Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven ________ have a significant impact on
the brain's development.
考点二：考查“情态动词+have done”的用法
“情态动词+have done”用法是高考的难点,主要是给出动词,让考生根据语境选择适当的情态动词填空,既可
能考查情态动词的使用,也可能考查动词过去分词的形式。
例题：
I ________ have passed my examination easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes.（上海市格致中学2023-2024学年高三9月月考）
Further, participants’ ratings of their own behaviors agreed with observers’ for how outgoing and how conscientious
they were being. But the agreement between participants and outside observers was ___28___(small) for agreeableness.
Some of this discrepancy could be because the observers used only audio clips, and thus could not read cues ___29___
body language, but there are probably other explanations,
（上海交通大学附中2023-2024学年高三上学期摸底考试）
Behaviour contracts for teenagers
The conflict between you and your son or daughter is a problem, maybe it’s time you thought about setting up
a ‘home rules contract’. This is an idea that’s being used more and more often, especially in families with rebellious
teenage children. We interviewed Dr Amy Barker, a psychologist, who is in favour of the idea.
What is a home rules contract?
.........
Who____3____ write the contract?
Dr Barker: All the adults who have a parental role should be engaged. It’s important that they all agree and stick to the
rules themselves. At the same time, the teenagers should also contribute their ideas.
（上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试）
..........
Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these cannot help but affect
a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or
both friends ____5____ not be willing to make.
（2024年黄浦区一模）
Whether or not you have a proper vacation __29__ (plan) for the coming weeks, you could envision any coming
weekend as its own two-day mini-break, programming it as you would a trip to somewhere new, with a journey
__30__ (exciting) than just “sleep as much as possible” and “mow the lawn”.
（2024年徐汇区一模）
Perhaps even more incredible is that it’s smack bang in the middle of Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park preserves this unique and historical natural wonder. As large as the limestone
cave system is, park officials, estimate there ___21___ be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be
explored.
.............
Mammoth Cave National Park is also much more than just a cave; its surrounding forest contains one of
___30___ (diverse) habitats in the country. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with kayak and canoe
trails and great fishing spots.（2023·上海静安·统考二模）
“We _____10_____ not jump into the intervention stage too early,” says Manches.
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）
Scientists also found the flower elsewhere in other districts, an indication that the new species ___22___ deserve
further investigation.
There are about 28,000 orchid species worldwide. The new orchid belongs to a class called Spiranthes. There
are about 50 different kinds of Spiranthes. They are ___27___ (familiar) kind of orchid in Japan, for they appeared
in a Japanese poem dating to 759 AD．
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）
However, everyone ___40___ be careful of the catfish who hide in the shadows. If someone seems too good
to be true, they probably are!
（2023·上海松江·统考二模）
If you’d rather perfect your technique in person, you ___47___ also find free yoga and tai chi lessons in your
local community and take those lessons home.
（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）
Fresh greens make a long-duration mission ___59___ (bearable) by providing a taste of home.
Looking to the future, the plant experiments have the potential to significantly impact the sustainability of space
exploration. They ____60____, one day, provide a food source for long-term habitation of Mars and other planets.
（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）
As is known to us, it ____62____ indicate the end of a sentence, a question or — in the exclamation mark’s
case — a strong emotion.
It’s _____70_____ (good) to leave them out and let the reader react to the words on their own terms.
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）
I knew she was thinking about what could have been different if she had been ___78___ (proud).
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）
OpenAI said it had spent six months on safety features for GPT-4, and on human feedback. However, it warned
that it _____87_____ still be subject to sharing disinformation.
GPT-4 has “_____90_____ (advanced) reasoning skills” than ChatGPT, OpenAI said. The model can, forexample, find available meeting times for three schedules.
（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）
It is believed that this method later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan, where similarities
__110__ be seen in the way matcha (抹茶) is prepared today.
（2023·上海宝山·统考模拟预测）
Night owls are the opposite of morning larks. These people have ___114___ (little) energy in the morning.
People___117___ not adjust their bedtimes overnight (一夜之间). So far those night owls wishing to rise at
dawn, start with a 15-minute change.
1．People who have benefited from good behaviour are (likely) to do something nice for someone
else later on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．Frankly speaking, Mr White’s lecture is (wonderful) one I have ever attended. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
3．If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with (little) money and
(few) people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in
their cells require (frequent) watering . (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The students were even (confused) but started the test by then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．Another study, conducted by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia
University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (likely) to have
problems with drugs and alcohol. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．If you keep doing that, I’ m sure you will become (energetic) and feel better about yourself. （所给词
的适当形式填空）
8．After just 12 minutes with dogs, patients’ hearts and lungs seemed to be working (well). (所给词的适
当形式填空)
9．The evening is the (blessed) time of the day. Take this time to enjoy the happy times with friends
and family. Have a laughter-filled evening. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．Of all the speakers, Harry was (young) person to speak at London Tech Week, a festival oftechnology and stars of the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no
weapon in your hand. (用适当的词填空)
12．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put
a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空)
13．Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven have a significant
impact on the brain’s development. (用适当的词填空)
14．Students can’t wear jumpers, jackets or coats indoors. Also, girls and boys wear black leather shoes
and black socks. Sports shoes are not allowed. (用适当的词填空)
15．“I hardly stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on my way to work,” he told
the BBC． (用适当的词填空)
16．Her appearance has changed so much that you well not recognize her. (情态动词) (用适
当的词填空)
17．It was said that the old lady sit under the big tree, waiting for her son to return from the
front. (情态动词) (用适当的词填空)
18．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different. (用适
当的词填空)
19．He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes
ago. (用适当的词填空)
20．Scientists are carrying on (far) research on Mars. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21．The forebrain is the largest and (complex) part of the brain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22．In many students’ opinion, maths is one of the (tough) subjects. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
（上海市2022-2023学年高三下学期“六校联合教研”质量调研英语试卷）
We Must Act Now to Protect Our Threatened Oceans
Last week, climate strikers young and old came out in force to call upon the government to act with greater
urgency in tackling the global climate emergency.
They ____1____ very well feel a need to step up their demands upon hearing the awful findings of the special report
on the ocean and cryosphere v(低温层) in a changing climate, released on Wednesday by the International Panel on
Climate Change. The report highlighted the intimate connections which exist between our climate, our oceans and
our very existence. It presented irrefutable scientific evidence ____2____ our warming climate is placing marine
and frozen areas of our planet in grave danger, with some changes happening at a much larger scale and faster rate
than previously ____3____ (predict).
Urgent action is needed ____4____ we are to keep our planet—and our oceans—safe and habitable. Thisrequires ____5____ (ambitious) targets to reduce our carbon emissions and to shift our energy system away from
polluting fossil fuels towards 100% renewable energies.
Change is also needed in international cooperation around ____6____ our oceans are protected.
It is hoped that early next year UN member states ____7____ (sign) a strong global ocean treaty that could
pave the way for the creation of marine sanctuaries(禁猎区), ____8____ (place) at least 30% of oceans off limits to
human activities such as commercial fishing and oil and gas exploration. This is a crucial step towards building the
resilience of marine ecosystems and securing a sustainable future for those ____9____livelihoods depend on our
oceans.
The government has been a vocal champion for ocean conservation. Now is the time for Britain
_____10_____ (turn) political will into decisive action by leading the way with the forging of a new global ocean
treaty. The prime minister’s direct involvement could make the difference between a watered- down agreement or a
powerful one.
（2017·上海春考真题）
“Zootopia” Broke Disney Records
Last weekend, the latest Disney movie, zootopia, broke records. The movie had the largest opening weekend for
a Disney animation. People across the U.S bought more than $75million worth of tickets.
Zootopia is a city of animals. The movie starts with a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal
21___________team up to find a missing otter (水獭). He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared
from the city.
Zootopia 22___________(praise) for its sharp humor and strong message since its release. The film explores
racism and other issues in the description of relations 23___________ two kinds of animals in the city.
Jaed Bush had Phil wrote zootopia. They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie 24___________(set)
in several different contexts. But they changed the story 25___________they found the animal world especially
interesting. They said to 26___________something like this, “What’s this world like? What’s the history of this
world?” and then, Bush said, they went to the experts. Not only 27___________the writers speak with people who
study culture and group behavior, but also they talked with animals experts like zookeepers
The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy 28___________(produce) in drawings. In the
movie, 64 species live in multiple neighborhoods 29___________(represent) different animals’ living environments.
Disney says zootopia is its 30___________(complex) animation yet. The extra effort is certainly paying off at the
box office.
