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题型突破 01 语法填空之有提示词
（核心考点精讲精练）
近年真题考点分布
年份 语法填空
2023上海春考 介词1；代词1；冠词0；非谓语3；时态语态2；定从1；名从1；状从1
2022上海春考 介词1；代词1；冠词0；非谓语3；时态语态1；定从1；名从2；状从1
2021上海春考 介词1；代词1；情态1；非谓语3；祈使句1；定从1；名从1；状从1
2020上海春考 介词1；代词1；冠词0；非谓语2；时态语态2；定从1；名从2；状从1
【思维导图】
备注： 上海高考语法填空题词性转化不设考点，这与全国高考语法填空题稍有所区别。出题方式 词性考查 考点分布 特别注意
原 级 1、双音节单词比较级最高级的变形
形容词/
比较级 2、修饰比较级最高级的词
副词
最高级
3、less/least+adj/adv情况
1、各种时态的标志词以及特征
有提示词 时态语态
2、主动表被动情况
动词
不定式 1、不定式作主宾表定状补
动名词 2、动名词作主宾表定
分 词
3、分词作表定状补
【知识梳理】
考点一：给出动词
谓语动词：看句子有没有连词，若无连词，则要有1个谓语动词，有1个连词，则句子应该有2个谓语动
词，2个连词应该有3个谓语动词，若缺少则所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看，后看看确定时态和语
态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况)
非谓语动词：若句中已有谓语动词，且无连词，或谓语动词数量满足“连词+1”的情况则所给动词就是非
谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。
不定式to do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语；
动名词doing 表习惯性动作，可作主宾表定状补，常考作主语、宾语；
现在分词doing 表主动、进行，可作主宾表定，常考作表语、定语、状语；
过去分词done表被动、完成，可作表定状补，常考作表语、定语、状语。
技巧1：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词
就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况)
【举例】（2024·上海宝山二模）
........
Your equipment____21____(ruin), and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped.
____29____ (launch) in 2015, the GGTI is the first organization of its kind. It's brought together an organization
of governments, fishing-industry executives, seafood companies and non-profits. Their efforts to get back and recycle
the tool_____30_____(improve) marine environment, protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.
【举例】（2024·上海崇明二模）
........ the lions were awakened, they performed a lively flying dance. Performers ___26___ (hide) under thecostumes jumped up and down on 3-meter-high poles, drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.
Zheng Zeguang, China’s ambassador (大使) to the UK, ___27___ (address) the attendees at Trafalgar Square.
He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for ........
【举例】（2023·上海崇明二模）
Over the past six years, the 40-year-old Shanghai resident ____ (use) tea and spoons to create nearly 200
patterns based on ancient paintings.
【举例】（2023·上海闵行二模）
After growing for four months, the peppers ______ (harvest) on Friday. When the vegetables were ready to eat, the
astronauts also completed a sensory assessment.
技巧2：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定
用不定式、动名词还是分词。
不定式to do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语；
动名词doing 表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语；
现在分词doing 表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语；
过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。
【举例】（2024·上海奉贤二模）
How can this problem be solved? ___what___ scientists have proposed is to develop hug robots. This could
offer lonely people the positive effects of getting hugged without the need ___5___(seek) a person who could hug
them.
When two people hug, they often do specific things with their hands, such as clapping the ___8___(hug) person
on the back to signal sympathy. It is important that a hug robot can perform similar gestures, too. In the study, the
scientists wanted to know whether these gestures would make a robot hug more appealing_(appealing). Volunteers
who Moffully-Il hugged generally preferred hugs with gestures to gesture-less hugs. They felt that the robot was more
friendly when___10___(perform) gestures.
【举例】（2024·上海虹口二模）
The patent, ____23____ (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert
halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones.
According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a
command ____24____ (block) the user from taking any photos or videos.
【举例】（2023·上海静安二模）
It means that ____7____(encourage) children to think and learn in a purely abstract way might actually makelessons harder for them to understand and remember.
【举例】（2023·上海浦东新区二模）
According to Dobek’ design, the Mars Storage Station (MSS) will be built ___16___(accommodate) the need
for sufficient supplies. She explains how her spacecraft — the Adventure — will be joined to a space station before
flying to the MSS to load supplies.
A simulator (模拟器) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.
Rooms with circular ceilings allow astronauts to watch ___18___(download) shows and even see places on Earth,
such as their homes.
考点二：给出形容词或副词
括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，
加the least的。
技巧3：括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加
less的，加the least的。
【举例】（2024·上海青浦一模）
“It has really evolved into a community,” Peralte says. She sends participants a weekly newsletter and often hosts
online meetings so the women get the chance to get to know one another more, share stories and feel ___29___
(distant). .......
【举例】（2024·上海浦东新区二模）
Environmental scientist Lauren Kuehne said, “I think that once you start to listen, once you actually start to
listen, you start to appreciate how much _____4_____ (big) the world is.”
【举例】（2024·上海青浦二模）
“This can be any activity ___29 (that)___ fits into your lifestyle, such as taking regular walking breaks away
from your computer screen, going to the gym, enjoying exercise classes, or even getting off the bus one stop ___30___
(early) to get more steps in.”
【举例】（2024·上海闵行二模）
“Sometimes my husband is not an attentive page-turner. He’s interested in the music, ___29（feeling）___
(feel) every note, but I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ ” she laughed. “But Robert is ___30___ (qualified) page-turnerI’ve had in my entire life.”
【举例】（2023·上海青浦二模）
There are about 28,000 orchid species worldwide. The new orchid belongs to a class called Spiranthes. There
are about 50 different kinds of Spiranthes. They are ___27___ (familiar) kind of orchid in Japan, for they appeared
in a Japanese poem dating to 759 AD．
【举例】（2023·上海宝山二模）
Night owls are the opposite of morning larks. These people have ______ (little) energy in the morning. They
would rather get a few more hours of sleep than rise with the sun. But on the other side, night owls come alive in the
late evening hours. They become energetic and find inspiration in the moonlight.
【举例】（2023·上海嘉定一模）
To my surprise, they moved without hesitation and were ____9____ (panicky) than I had thought. After half
an hour, the wind changed direction and the fire began to die down.
（2023-2024学年上海市交通大学附属中学高三下学期英语摸底考）
While some robots 1 (intend) to assist humans, robotics can also reproduce realistic limb-like functions
for those that have lost arms, legs and other parts of their bodies. These prosthetics (义肢) have existed in one form
or another 2 at least ancient Egyptian times. Early limb replacements involved 3 (use) materials
such as wood or leather for support and balance. In the 1960s, the capabilities of prosthetics to enhance lives were
explored. This included incorporating lightweight carbon-fibre material into prosthetics__4__ ____ amputees (截肢
者) could partake and succeed in sporting activities.
However, it wasn’t until 1986 that electronic prosthetic limbs 5 (explore). Scottish inventor David
Gow began his mission to make existing pneumatic(充气的) arms easier to use, lighter in weight and more functional.
This led to the first bionic (仿生的) arm being ready for use in 1998. The first user of this bionic arm was a man
named Campbell Aird, who lost his arm 6 cancer. After experiencing the benefits of an electrically powered,
lightweight limb, Aird said at the time: “For the first time in 16 years I 7 (reach) above my head to pick a
book off a shelf. It was a great moment for me.Today, pioneering work in robotics is allowing 8 who are missing a limb to explore the world with
better balance, accuracy, precision, speed and in some cases, even touch. 9 new competitive event called the
Cybathlon has been established to compare the speed, skills and efficiency of robotic limbs. The “arm prosthesis
race” is designed to rank new robotic arms in sensory feedback, palm rotation ability and coordination in handling
objects of different sizes, shapes and weights. Twenty countries partake in this event, 10 (far) driving the
innovation of life-changing technology.
1．Both of these two male characters (experience) heart-breaking break-ups recently.
2．I asked Tom to help me sweep the floor, but he said the teacher (assign) him to clean the windows.
3．Since January of 2020, great changes (take) place all over the world.
4．Their strange but delightful interaction (prove) to be a pleasure to watch and I just cannot get enough
of it.
5．Back then, I couldn’t tell whether the movie I had just watched was good or not, but I just (keep)
watching like a thirsty man longing for water.
6．He was under so much pressure because of the new job that he (lie) awake till mid-night.
7．Alice said to me that she (stay) in her hometown for two more days.
8．The Chinese teacher (grade) the writing assignments tomorrow.
9．He (write) the composition the whole morning and he is still working.
10．He (learn) English for eight years by the time he graduates from the university next year.
11．The little girl cried her heart out because she (lose) her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going
to find it.
12．Tu Youyou proved that great honor (come) with hardships while opportunities favour the
prepared mind.
13．It won’t be many years before a lot of floating architectures (seat) on water because of the
research to solve the climate crisis and escape the rising sea levels.
14．Wildcats are the UK’s rarest native mammal and (hunt) to extinction in most parts of Britain for their
thick hair in the past decades.
15．China’s Singles’ Day, the world’s biggest shopping festival, (accompany) for years by forceful
promotions and breathless hourly updates from midnight onwards.
16．When research (assign), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with
minimum guidance.
17．The church tower which (restore) at present will be open to tourists soon. The work is almostfinished.
18．The gym which (build) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
19．When Tom entered the room, he found some students were looking at him and smiling weirdly. He was sure
that he (laugh at ).
20．The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets .（book）
21．Of all the speakers, Harry was (young) person to speak at London Tech Week, a festival of
technology and stars of the future.
22．The evening is the (blessed) time of the day. Take this time to enjoy the happy times with friends
and family. Have a laughter-filled evening.
23．People who have benefited from good behaviour are (likely) to do something nice for
someone else later on.
24．Another theme is data. Managers alike will want more data in order to understand how facilities are being
used, and the question of who owns data and what data are needed is about to become (pressing).
25．Not knowing what he was really interested in, he found it hard to decide which of the two courses could be
(appropriate).
26．Frankly speaking, Mr White’s lecture is (wonderful) one I have ever attended.
27．On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in
their cells require (frequent) watering .
28．While people were amazed by how generous they could get, Figueroa said she had the
(unforgettable) Christmas experience in her 12 years of working for McDonald’s.
29．After just 12 minutes with dogs, patients’ hearts and lungs seemed to be working (well).
30．The fact is that the higher you stand, the (far) you will see.
（2024·上海杨浦·统考二模）
Was Air Pollution Monet’s Muse (灵感之源)?
Claude Monet was a French painter who lived at the turn of the 20th century, from 1840 to 1926. He is credited as
the founder of impressionism, a painting style characterized by its use of many thin brushstrokes ____1____(create) a
dream-like quality. Impressionist paintings are celebrated for the way ____2____ seem to capture a sense of life in
motion. Monet didn’t just simply paint landscapes; he wanted to convey the sensations he experienced when he saw
them.
Many of Monet’s paintings portray the passage of time, like clouds ____3____ (drift) through the sky. The
landscapes in his paintings often have a misty appearance, ____4____ fog is clouding edges, and concealing objects
that are far away. Some researchers have suggested the mist of Monet’s landscapes ____5____ have actually been
air pollution.
Monet was painting at a time when heavy industry was starting to seriously impact the environment. This was
especially true in urban centers like London and Paris. The supposition is that Monet’s works reflect the increasinglevels of air pollution that Europe ____6____ (witness) in the late 19th century and early 20th century.
____7____ Monet’s painting career progressing, background visibility in his paintings seems to gradually
decrease.
In letters to his wife, Monet sometimes described the smoke and fog in London, for ____8____ he obviously
had a preference. Evidence suggests that ____9____ significant number of Monet’s works were influenced, or even
inspired, by the way air pollution affected light and vision. ____10____ air pollution was the muse for one of modern
history’s greatest artists might be true.
（2024·上海松江·统考二模）
Remote Work Slows Senior Housing Market Recovery
With the rise of remote work, the market for senior housing has met with problems in its recovery. Only a few
old people choose to live in senior-living communities ___1___ the growing senior population and the cancelation
of COVID-19 restrictions once making family visits difficult. ___2___ this trend suggests is that people’s shift to
remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market. That is, remote work is keeping many
older Americans from moving into senior-living communities once warmly ___3___ (welcome).
When more adults began working remotely during the pandemic (流行病), they were able to check in on aging
parents easily — they ___4___ take care of their parents’ issues on short notice.
Experts have been analyzing the phenomenon in different ways. Some found that the greater flexibility to care
for parents ___5___ (mean) people’s delay in sending aged parents to expensive senior-housing accommodations.
Therefore, markets with high levels of people working from home usually have lower senior-housing occupancy
rates. Others said remote work might have some effect but also pointed to different factors. For instance, many seniors
think that their family wallets are getting thinner, making some of them reluctant ___6___ (send) to senior-living
communities.
The age at which people enter senior housing is also increasing, ___7___ serves as another sign that shows
people are choosing to delay transitioning. The rising cost of senior living weighs heavily on that decision. The CPI
(consumer-price index) for nursing homes and adult day services rose 4.5% last May compared with ___8___ in
May, 2022.
Still, many senior-housing operators are optimistic. When ___9___ (illustrate) their point, they showed an
increase in the number of people turning 80 years old over the following years and the actual wealth they have
collected. Moreover, they find remote work arrangements are decreasing in some parts of the country, ____10____
employees there have seen their lowered productivity while working from home.
（2023年1月·上海高考真题）
Young Enterprise
Young Enterprise is an organization that makes serious efforts to teach all types of young people the general
principles of running a business(21) __________( originate ) in the United States of America, the idea of Young Enterprise was introduced into
Britain by a successful banker.(22)__________ it developed slowly in its early years, the organization grew rapidly
later. Young Enterprise is now backed by industry and commerce, so that today young people throughout the United
Kingdom can participate.
A participant in Young Enterprise is known as an Achiever. Young Enterprise primarily meets the needs of young
people ( 23 )__________ are still at school, giving them an understanding of industry and the opportunities it may
offer them in the future. But it is usually possible (24 )__________ ( include ) young people in the same age group
who have left school but have not yet started work.
An Adviser is a practicing business executive (管理人员) with an expert knowledge of his own field who
volunteers to keep a Young Enterprise company during its trading year.(25)__________counts for Advisers is an
ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. As the name(26)__________ (imply), Advisers are
there to advise: they do not run the companies.
Normally, three Advisers-one on accountancy, one on production and one on marketing,(27)__________ ( be )
available to each company. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a
variety of business occupations.
A Sponsor,(29)__________ (reward) only by the success of the enterprise of "its" Achievers, is an organization
which participates in Young Enterprise and,(30 )__________ its own expense, provides facilities by making available
communications,advice and encouragement.
