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考点 05 非谓语动词 （核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
高考考点 语法填空之非谓语动词
His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 )
_____(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )_____(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age.
The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain
( 27 )_________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his
judgments.
【答案】 22.to watch 23.assuming 27.seated
【详解】
22,to watch【解析】考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空格前的主语和谓语为He
had come判定空格处为非谓语结构。再根据句意判定，该空所在的位置需要填入动词
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不定式作目的状语，表示“他走过了很长的路来监视他的王国”，因此填to watch。
23.assuming【解析】考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的句子的谓语是had
come,且空格的提示动词前有逗号，判定此处为非谓语结构。根据句意该空需要填入
一个非调语动词来表示主语 He的行为，同时这个行为与主句中的 had come a long
way是同时发生的，因此应该使用现在分词assuming，表示伴随。
27.seated 【解析】考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或
动词的故去分词作表语,“remain+过去分词"表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，
而 seated 是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”，故此处填入
seated。
(21) __________( originate ) in the United States of America, the idea of Young Enterprise
was introduced into Britain by a successful banker.
But it is usually possible (24 )__________ ( include ) young people in the same age group
who have left school but have not yet started work.
A Sponsor,(29)______ (reward) only by the success of the enterprise of "its" Achievers, is
2023上海春考
an organization which participates in Young Enterprise and,at its own expense, provides
facilities by making available communications,advice and encouragement.
【答案】21. Originating 24. to include 29. rewarded
【详解】
21. Originating 考查现在分词 "originate"是“起源于……”，非谓语动词的现在分词形式，修饰"the idea of Young Enterprise"，表示Young Enterprise的想法起源于美国。
24. to include 考查动词不定式。"to include"根据句子结构，空格前的谓语动词is。判
定此处为非谓语动词，而且结合句子结构It is加形容词加to do something.故填入动词
不定式to include. 句意：但通常可以将同一年龄段的年轻人包括在内，他们已经离开
学校，但尚未开始工作。
29. rewarded 考查过去分词。"rewarded"是过去分词作后置定语，修饰"Sponsor"，表
示"被奖励"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。
Interviewing entrepreneurs might provide insight into the steps they took(22)
________(achieve) success. Here is the interview of entrepreneur-related questions, and you
will find more preparations for it.
Suppose a business idea does not center on producing a product that fills a gap in the(25)
______ (exist) market. In that case, it most often centers on applying technical advancements
to simplify the process of obtaining a product or service.
It necessitates a work style (29)________ (characterize) by multitasking and planning for
the firm's short and long term goals.
【答案】22 to achieve 25.existing 29 characterized
【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了
获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。而且根据句子的谓语动词 might
provide判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。故填入to achieve。句意:采访企业家可能会
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让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤。
25.existing
【解析】考查先分词作定语。根据句子结构可知,此处应用形容间修饰名词 market,而
且从句子的谓语动词 does not center 也推测空格处动词需要填写非谓语动词,故填入
existing(现存的，现行的)。句意:假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空
白的产品。
29.characterized
【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语，根据句子的谓语动词 necessitates 判定空格处的
提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由"by”可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组a
work style，此处实际上是一个定酒从句.which is characterized by multitasking and
planning: 省略了 which is，故填入characterized。句意:它需要种多任务处理和为公司
的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。
The light moved across the sky, (21)___________( come ) and going, like clouds in a strong
wind in the United States, ......
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Why does the aurora happen? And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth
The aurora is made by something (25)__________(call) the ‘'solar wind’( wind from the
sun). ........Alaska is a good place ( 28 )________( see ) the auurora borealis , and you can also go to
places like Iceland, Siberia , the north of Greenland , Norway , Sweden,.....
【答案】21.coming 25.called 28.to see
【解析】
21.coming
[解析]考查现在分词。根据句子结构，空格处提示动词与“going”并列，所以形式应
保持一致，所以填入 coming。句意:光在天空中移动，来来去去，就像强风中的云。
25.called
[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。根据句子的谓语动词 is made，判定空格处的动词为
非谓语结构，而且分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰
something，故填入 called。句意: 极光是由一种叫做“太阳风来自太阳的风)的东西产
生的。
28.to see
[解析]考查动词不定式。根据句子谓语动词 is 判定空格处提示动词是非谓语动词结
构，而此处考查的是句式:(It+is+a/an+名词+to+do+sth.)，故填入 to see句意:阿拉斯加
是观赏北极光的好地方。
【思维导图】【知识梳理】
考点一：不定式用法
1. 构成
一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing
1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.
2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well.
3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.
4. It happened to be raining when I got there.
注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。
注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未
曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如：
I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。
I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。
I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。2．用法
To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语）
He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语）
I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语）
His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语）
On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语）
She raised her voice to be heard well . （状语）
The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities.
考点二：动名词用法
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
★ 必背动词
admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误
deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象
finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练
recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议
keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐
advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许
★ 必背句型
The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。
There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam.
考点三：分词用法
现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态
一般式 writing being written完成式 having written having been written
1. The child standing over there is my brother．
2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.
3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.
4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments.
5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.
6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.
7. Not knowing her address , we couldn’t get in touch with her.
8. Having already seen the film twice , she didn’t want to go to the cinema.
（2024年嘉定区二模）
_____23_____(feel) my way in the darkness, I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight. As I stepped out of
my bedroom, water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door.
I began to panic. In bare feet and with my shorts _____26_____(glue) to my body, I started to walk to my only
escape: the door that leads upstairs.
I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough _____28_____(force) myself through. Finally, I made it
outside.
【答案】 23. Feeling 26. glued 28. to force
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在黑暗中摸索着前进，我抓起手机，打开手电筒。此处 feel与逻辑主语I构成主
动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Feeling。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：光着脚，短裤粘在身上，我开始走向唯一的逃生之路：通往楼上的门。此处
shorts与glue为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填glued。
【28题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我用它撬开了门，设法开了一个大约一英尺的缺口，刚好能勉强自己通过。此处
为短语enough to do sth.表示“足以做某事”。故填to force。
（2024年金山区二模）
The research employed ancient DNA data ___22___ (explore) human migration along the Hexi Corridor.
The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link ___23___ (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the
Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities
___24___ (found) along short rivers.
【答案】 22. to explore 23. connecting 24. founded
【22题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究利用古代DNA数据来探索河西走廊沿线的人类迁徙。短语employ sth. to do
sth.表示“利用某物做某事”。故填to explore。
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：河西走廊是连接古代中国中心地带和西域的一条狭窄而重要的通道。分析句子结
构可知connect与link构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填connecting。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这条古老的古道以高山和沙漠为特征，沿着短河流点缀着城市。此处 cities与
found构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填founded。
（2024年静安区二模）
The music contained many marks of traditional classical music, but as it began, the instruments started to make
loud, rough sounds more commonly ___1___ (hear) in chicken coops than in an auditorium.
The early stages of composition were spent ___7___ (test) out which instruments and sounds the chickens
responded to best.
“They didn’t like any big banging,” Bostock said, adding that when the birds respond positively to the music,
they tend ___8___ (wander) farther among the trees. Bostock now hopes chicken farmers around the world will use
the piece of music to calm their own birds.
【答案】1. heard 7. testing 8. to wander
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：音乐中包含了许多传统古典音乐的痕迹，但随着音乐的开始，乐器开始发出响亮
而粗糙的声音，这种声音更常见于鸡舍而不是礼堂。分析句子可知，sounds为名词，空处修饰名词作定语，
sounds与hear构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填heard。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作曲的早期阶段是用来测试鸡对哪种乐器和声音反应最好。spend time (in) doing
sth.为固定短语，空处应用动名词。故填testing。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：博斯托克说：“它们不喜欢大的撞击声。”他补充说，当鸟儿对音乐做出积极反
应时，它们往往会在树林里飞得更远。tend to do意思为：往往，倾向于做，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to
wander。
（2024年浦东新区二模）
As the waterfall wet my jacket, I closed my eyes and took out my phone _____2_____ (record) the rush of
dreamy reality before me.
I had come in search of a sound, not a sight.
Throughout my travels, I’ve found myself _____3_____ (collect) sound recordings the way other people collect
souvenirs.
【答案】 2. to record 3. collecting【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：瀑布淋湿了我的夹克，我闭上眼睛，拿出手机记录下眼前的梦幻现实。分析句子
结构并结合句意，这里应用不定式，作目的状语。故填to record。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的旅行中，我发现自己像其他人收集纪念品一样收集录音。find sb. doing sth.
意为“发现某人在做某事”，现在分词作宾补。故填collecting。
（2024年普陀区二模）
Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific
journal article as native speakers. For a PhD student, that can mean ___21___ (spend) up to 19 additional working
days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, ___22___ (publish) today in PLOS Biology, might not be shocking, researchers say, but it’s
important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of academics ___23 (who) ___ are not fluent
in English. “It is the first step for the scientific community ___24___ (make) more efforts to solve this problem”,
says Tatsuya Amano, a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a co-author
of the study.
【答案】21. spending 22. published 24. to make
【21题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对于一名博士生来说，这可能意味着每年要多花19个工作日来阅读论文。固定短
语mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填spending。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员说，今天发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》上的这些统计数据可能并不
令人震惊，但衡量语言障碍对英语不流利的学者的职业生涯的影响是很重要的。分析句子结构可知，
publish与statistics构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填published。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚布里斯班昆士兰大学的生物多样性研究员、该研究的合著者 Tatsuya
Amano说：“这是科学界为解决这个问题付出更多努力的第一步。”此处名词step由序数词修饰，常跟动
词不定式，作后置定语。故填to make。
（2023·上海静安·统考二模）
They are discovering that learning is easier, quicker with the body movements ____2____(involve).
It means that ____7____(encourage) children to think and learn in a purely abstract way might actually make
lessons harder for them to understand and remember.
【答案】 2．involved 7．encouraging
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现，通过肢体动作，学习变得更容易、更快。此处为 with的复合结构，且involve与body movements构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填involved。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着，鼓励孩子以纯粹抽象的方式思考和学习，实际上可能会让他们更
难理解和记住课程。作宾语从句的主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式。故填encouraging。
（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）
According to Dobek’ design, the Mars Storage Station (MSS) will be built ___16___(accommodate) the need
for sufficient supplies.
Rooms with circular ceilings allow astronauts to watch ___18___(download) shows and even see places on
Earth, such as their homes.
【答案】 16．to accommodate 18．downloaded
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据Dobek的设计，火星储存站（MSS）的建造将满足充足供应的需要。此
处accommodate作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to accommodate。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：有圆形天花板的房间可以让宇航员观看下载的节目，甚至可以看到地球上的
地方，比如他们的家。修饰后文名词shows应用过去分词downloaded，作定语。故填downloaded。
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）
The flower is a neighbor to a(n) ___24___ (relate) orchid species common in Japan.
Professor Suetsugu said he and his colleagues were “delighted ___28___ (identify) a new species”.
We need to protect natural environments to stop flowers ___29___ (disappear).
【答案】 24．related 28．to have identified 29．disappearing
24．考查过去分词。句意：这种花是日本常见的一种相关兰花的邻居。空格处过去分词转为用形容词作定
语，修饰名词orchid species，relate的过去分词词是related，意为“相关的”，故填related。
28．考查不定式。句意：Suetsugu教授说，他和他的同事“很高兴发现了一个新物种”。be delighted to do
是固定短语，意为“很高兴做某事”，此处表示“很高兴发现了一个新物种”，因此空格处用不定式的完
成式，即to have done，故填to have identified。
29．考查动名词。句意：我们需要保护自然环境，防止花朵消失。stop sb. (from) doing是固定短语，意为
“阻止某人做某事”，因此空格处用动名词，故填disappearing。
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）
Just like in the movie, most catfishing cheats start with the catfish ___34___ (try) to sweet talk their victim
into falling in love with them. Why? There are a variety of reasons people catfish.
Some catfish attempt ___35___ (charm) their victim into trusting them, and then ask them for money.But in some situations, catfish are just lonely people, ___37___ (dissatisfy) with their lives and using social
media to live in an alternate reality.
【答案】34．trying 35．to charm 37．dissatisfied
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：就像电影里一样，大多数Catfishing欺骗都是从诱饵试图用甜言蜜语让受害
者爱上自己开始的。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词 start，所以try应该用非谓语形式，和逻辑主
语catfish是主动关系，故用动名词的一般式和catfish构成动名词的复合结构作start with的宾语。故填
trying。
35．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些诱饵试图诱使受害者相信自己，然后向他们要钱。分析句子结构可知，
此处考查固定搭配：attempt to do意为“尝试做……”。故填to charm。
37．考查过去分词。句意：但在某些情况下，诱饵只是孤独的人，对自己的生活不满意，利用社交媒体生
活在另一个现实中。be dissatisfied with“对……不满”是固定短语，此处省略 be，用形容词作状语。故填
dissatisfied。
（2023·上海松江·统考二模）
I have found that the subscription-based app Sweat and Centr has good, short routines and clear instructions
___44___ (improve) your form. There are countless personal trainers and yoga instructors on the Internet who have been
giving free classes to people ___45___ (stick) at home.
【答案】 44．to improve/improving 45．stuck
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现基于订阅的应用 Sweat and center有很好的、简短的程序和明确的指导
来改善你的姿势。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，improve 与 short routines and clear
instructions 之间为主动关系，强调未发生的动作可以使用不定式形式；也可用现在分词。故填 to
improve/improving。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：网上有无数的私人教练和瑜伽教练为困在家里的人提供免费课程。分析句子
结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，stick与people之间为被动关系，使用过去分词形式。故填stuck。
（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）
Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance
___53___ (taste) each one. The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated
the harvest of the first chili peppers ___54___ (raise) in space.
【答案】 53．to taste 54．raised
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：自2015年以来，宇航员已经在空间站成功种植了十种不同的作物，并有机会
品尝每一种。名词chance后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to taste。
54．考查非谓语动词。句意：周五，国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对，庆祝收获了第一批在太空种植
的辣椒。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语the first chili peppers构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，
表被动和完成。故填raised。（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）
Although it is up to the reader ____66____ (grasp) exactly what that emotion is, it’s a useful signal.
Perhaps this is because they seem shouty and forced, ____69____ (give) away a writer’s need to tell the reader
how to read a sentence.
【答案】 66．to grasp 69．giving
66．考查固定句型。句意：尽管这种情绪是什么取决于读者，但它是一个有用的信号。分析句子可知，此
处为固定句型It’s up to sb to do sth“由某人决定去做某事”，满足句意要求。故填to grasp。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：也许这是因为它们看起来很吵，很勉强，暴露出作者需要告诉读者如何阅读
一个句子。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，give away和逻辑主语this为主动关系，所以为现在
分词形式。故填giving。
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）
So it was bittersweet to hear my father’s youthful words ___77___ (read) aloud by my elderly mother with a
sad tone.
I don’t want to enter her heart’s most sacred place uninvited unless she wishes ____81____ (listen) to. But she
has assured me that one day she will share them with me.
【答案】 77．read 81．to be listened
77．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，当我年迈的母亲用悲伤的语调大声朗读父亲年轻时的话语时，我感到
苦乐参半。分析句子结构可知，此处为“hear+宾语+宾补”结构，read与宾语my father’s youthful words之
间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填read。
81．考查非谓语动词。句意：我不想不请自来就进入她心中最神圣的地方除非她希望被倾听。分析句子结
构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据固定用法wish to do sth.可知，此处应为不定式形式，且listen
to与句子主语之间为被动关系，所以此处应为不定式的被动形式。故填to be listened。
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）
Millions of people have used ChatGPT since it _____82_____ (launch) in November 2022. Popular requests for it
include writing songs, poems, marketing copy, computer code, and helping with homework,
【答案】82．was launched
82．考查动词时态、语态。句意：自 2022年11月ChatGPT推出以来，已有数百万人使用它。设空处在
since引导的时间状语从句中，其中的时间状语为in November 2022，应用一般过去时，launch与逻辑主语
it之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，助动词为was。故填was launched。
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）
ChatGPT answers questions _____84_____ (employ) natural human-like language, and it can also imitate
other writing styles such as songwriters and authors, using the Internet as its knowledge database.There are concerns that it could one day take over many jobs currently _____85_____ (do) by humans.
OpenAI also announced new partnerships with language learning app Duolingo and Be My Eyes, an application
for the visually impaired, _____91_____ (create) AI Chatbots which can assist their users using natural language.
【答案】 84．employing 85．being done/done 91．to create
84．考查非谓语动词。句意：ChatGPT使用自然的类人语言回答问题，它还可以模仿其他写作风格，如词
曲作者和作家，使用互联网作为其知识库。句子谓语为answers，设空处为非谓语动词，employ与逻辑主
语 ChatGPT之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填employing。
85．考查非谓语动词。句意：有人担心，有一天它可能会取代目前由人类完成的许多工作。此处考查
many jobs的后置定语，do与逻辑主语many jobs之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，设空处应用过去分词
done，根据时间状语currently，也可用现在分词的被动语态，表示正在被进行，故填done / being done。
91．考查非谓语动词。句意：OpenAI还宣布与语言学习应用多邻国(Duolingo)和面向视障人士的应用Be
My Eyes建立新的合作伙伴关系，以创建可以使用自然语言帮助用户的人工智能聊天机器人。句子的谓语
为announced，设空处为非谓语动词，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。
（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）
I’ve found that ____92____ (listen) back to these recordings, I’m able to recall each place and moment in a
different way than I can by scrolling through images.
When we receive information and encode it, it is fairly short-term in nature; but when ____95____ (store), it
becomes long-term memory.
It allows us ____97____ (transport) ourselves back and forward in time, across spaces,” Giordano said.
【答案】92．listening 95．stored 97．to transport
92．考查现在分词。句意：我发现，听这些录音，我能以不同于滚动图像的方式回忆每个地点和时刻。动
词listen和逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填listening。
95．考查过去分词。句意：当我们接收信息并对其进行编码时，它本质上是相当短期的；但一旦储存起来，
它就变成了长期记忆。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句的主语是information，和动词store
之间是被动关系，句子是描述一个事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式是 when it (the information)
is stored，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省略，故
填stored。
97．考查动词不定式。句意：“它能让我们穿越时空，在时间中穿梭，” Giordano说。allow sb to do sth允
许某人做某事，故此处应用动词不定式，故填to transport。
（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）
“It’s like __104__ (add) bells and whistles to tea, giving people a stronger sense of occasion, so drinking tea is
more fun,” Han says. It’s also his intention to bring the old ritual back to modern life and have more people __105__(appreciate) its charm.
The process begins with hot water being poured over fine __108__ (powder) tea creating a mixture.
【答案】 104．adding 105．appreciate 108．powdered
104．考查动名词。句意：韩说“这就像在茶里加上铃铛和口哨，给人一种更强的场合感，所以喝茶更有
趣”。根据句意和所给动词add以及空格前的介词like分析句子可知，空格处应该填入动名词adding作介
词like的宾语。故填adding。
105．考查不定式。句意：这也是他想让古老的仪式回归现代生活，让更多人欣赏它的魅力。根据句意和
所给动词appreciate以及空格前的使役动词 have分析句子可知，此处是考查固定搭配 have somebody do
something“让某人做某事”，其中do是省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填appreciate。
108．考查过去分词做形容词。句意：这个过程开始于将热水倒在茶叶粉末上，形成糊状。根据句意和所
给名词powder以及空格后的名词tea分析句子可知，空格处应该填入powder的形容词形式powdered“粉状
的”作定语，修饰后面的名词tea。故填powdered。
（2023·上海宝山·统考模拟预测）
Keep the pattern going until you find yourself___118___ (rise) with the sun.
Don’t work hard to rise early during the week only ___120___ (sleep) in on weekends. Pick an hour to wake
up, and do it every day.
【答案】 118．rising 120．to sleep
118．考查非谓语动词。句意：保持这种模式，直到你发现自己随着太阳起床。分析句子可知，until引导
的时间状语从句中有谓语find，故使用非谓语动词。yourself和rise之间为主动关系，故用现在分词做宾补。
故填rising。
120．考查非谓语动词。句意：不要在一周中早起努力工作，结果周末却睡懒觉。only to do sth.表示“结果
却……”。故用不定式作结果状语。故填to sleep。
1．As a habitual coffee drinker and a regular customer, his character named 663 soon finds it hard （not
pay） attention to the free-spirited counter girl played by Faye Wong. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】not to play
【详解】考查不定式。句意：作为一个习惯喝咖啡的人和常客，他的角色 663很快就发现很难不注意Faye
Wong扮演的自由奔放的柜台女孩。find it hard to do，发现很难……，根据句意和所给提示词可知，此空应填不定式的否定结构形式作逻辑宾语，而it为形式宾语。故填not to play。
2．Tony Leung plays the part of a (reject) lover perfectly and gives off an air of being sad without ever
really being pathetic (可悲的). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】rejected
【详解】考查形容词。句意：梁朝伟完美地扮演了一个被冷落的恋人，他散发出一种悲伤的气息，但并不
真的可悲。空处作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 lover之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填
rejected。
3．The second story focuses on two people (Tony Leung and Faye Wong) and how they interact with each other at
a local fast food store (specialize) in fish and chips, chef’s salad and black coffee. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
【答案】specializing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二个故事聚焦于两个人（梁朝伟和王菲），以及他们如何在当地一家
专门经营炸鱼薯条、厨师沙拉和黑咖啡的快餐店互动。how引导的宾语从句谓语为interact，此处为非谓语
动词，且 store 与 specialize“专门从事”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语，修饰 store。故填
specializing。
4． (raise) in a family of movie lovers has given me plenty of opportunities to watch movies, especially
Hong Kong movies, since I was a little boy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Being raised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个电影爱好者的家庭中长大，让我从小就有很多机会看电影，尤其
是香港电影。分析句子可知，空处和空后的in a family of movie lovers搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，
且此处介绍的是一件已知的事情，因此应用raise的动名词形式，因raise“抚养，养育”和隐藏的逻辑主语I
之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Being raised。
5．You can’t imagine what great trouble they will have (solve) the problem being discussed at the
moment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】solving
【详解】考查动名词。句意：你无法想象他们解决目前正在讨论的问题将会有多大的困难。分析可知，
“have trouble (in) doing…”，固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，介词in可省略，动名词作宾语。故填
solving。
6．Zhong Yang, a professor of biology at Fudan University devoted to (build) a collection of seeds for
China’s national seed bank was awarded “Model of the Times” by the government. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】building
【详解】考查动名词。句意：复旦大学生物学教授钟扬致力于为中国国家种子库建设种子库，被政府授予
“时代楷模”。分析可知，“(be) devoted to doing”，固定短语，意为“致力于做某事”，动名词作宾语。
故填building。
7．You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) by running. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
【答案】dying【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能会喝酒、抽烟、超重，但仍然可以通过跑步来降低死亡的风险。
空处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语，故填dying。
8．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】spent
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。分析句
子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词remembers，所以spend用非谓语形式，pend和happy time是被动关系，这
里用过去分词做后置定语，修饰happy time。故填spent。
9．Based on past experiences, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to
pre-crisis levels. (return) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to return
【详解】考查不定式。句意：根据过去的经验，失业率在经济复苏后需要四到五年才能恢复到危机前的水
平。分析可知，此处为固定句型：it takes+时间+for sb./sth. to do“对于某人/事来说做某事花……（时间）”，
it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to return。
10．Seeing the soldiers well (prepare) for the fight, the general nodded with satisfaction. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】prepared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到士兵们为战斗做好了充分的准备，将军满意地点了点头。分析句子
可知，此空应填非谓语动词形式，prepare oneself for something表示“为某事做好准备”，所以the soldiers
和prepare为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应用过去分词作宾补。故填prepared。
11．Some 350,000 people have reportedly been left homeless and are staying in shelters, anxiously
(await) news of friends and relatives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】awaiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，大约35万人无家可归，住在避难所，焦急地等待朋友和亲戚的
消息。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词have been left和are staying，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Some
350,000 people和await为逻辑主谓关系，空处需填现在分词形式。故填awaiting。
12． (seat) in the front row at the ceremony, our distinguished guests are from home and abroad. (所给词
的适当形式填空)
【答案】Seated
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们的贵宾坐在典礼的前排，他们来自国内外。分析句子可知，此空应填非
谓语，且our distinguished guests 与seat为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应用过去分词作状语，且句首
时首字母应大写。故填Seated。
13．The famous film director wore sun glasses to avoid (recognize). (所给词的适当形式填
空)
【答案】being recognized
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位著名的电影导演戴着太阳镜以免被人认出来。固定短语avoid doing
sth，recognize与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用动名词的被动语态。故填being recognized。14．He sat in the stand and imagined (fight) bravely with a fierce bull in the Colosseum.(所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】fighting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐在看台上，想象着在斗兽场与一头凶猛的公牛勇敢地搏斗。imagine
doing sth. (想象做某事)，fight用动名词形式，作宾语。故填fighting。
15．Recently a survey (compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused
heated debate. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】comparing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近一项比较在两个不同超市里相同商品的价格的调查引起了市民们的
激烈讨论。句中谓语是has caused，空格处用非谓语形式，a survey与compare在逻辑上构成主谓关系，用
现在分词表主动，此处作定语，故填comparing。
【上海南洋模范中学2022-2023学年高三3月考试英语试卷】
Health warning as UK swelters
People across the UK have enjoyed the sunshine this week, but they have also advised to be careful as a heat
wave hits much of the country.
A heat wave is defined as a period of hot weather ___1___ temperatures are higher than is expected for the
time of year. They usually happen in summer.
However, climate change (long-term changes to weather patterns, mostly ___2___ (cause) by human activities
such as burning fossil fuels, farming and cutting down forests) is increasing the chance of heat waves happening and
making them more extreme. The current hot weather is even (much) ___3___ extreme in some European countries
— temperatures in southern Spain have reached 46℃.
Heat waves can be a danger to people’s health, especially for vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children and
people ___4___ certain health conditions. However, anyone ___5___ suffer from the effects of extreme heat,
including dehydration (not having enough water) and heatstroke (a condition caused by the body overheating). A
group of leading UK scientists ___6___ (suggest) that, just as storms are given names, we should name heat waves in
order to raise awareness of the health risks.
The Met Office, the UK’s national weather service, has issued an amber warning. This means there is the
possibility of travel delays, road and rail closures, power cuts and a potential risk to people’s health. Temperatures
are expected ___7___ (rise) to 35℃, and there have been predictions that the record for the UK’s hottest day could be
broken. Government officials have met to discuss ___8___ to introduce a heat wave emergency.
To cope with hot weather, the NHS (National Health Service) says people should try to keep out of the Sun
between 11 am and 3 pm, ___9___ temperatures are at their highest and the sun is strongest. Make sure you wear a hat,
apply sunscreen and drink plenty of water. ____10____ (close) curtains in the rooms in your home that face the sun
will help to keep indoor spaces cooler. If you are swimming outdoors to cool down, make sure you’re with a trustedadult and follow local safety advice.
【答案】1. where 2. caused 3. more 4. with 5. can 6. have suggested
7. to rise 8. whether 9. when 10. Closing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。是英国极端高温天气的预警，介绍了天气现状、危害和应对高温的一些措施。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：热浪是指一年中气温高于预期的高温天气。分析句意可知，此处需要填关系副词
where引导定语从句，因为先行词a period of hot weather 在从句中作地点状语，即“在这种天气里，气温高
于预期”。故填where。
【2题详解】
考查过去分词。然而，气候变化（气候模式的长期变化，主要由燃烧化石燃料、耕作和砍伐森林等人类活
动引起）增加了热浪发生的机会，并使热浪更加极端。根据空后的by 可知，此处动词cause“导致”使用过
去分词形式，作后置定语修饰climate change“气候变化”。故填caused。
【3题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：目前的炎热天气在一些欧洲国家甚至更加极端——西班牙南部的气温已经达到
46℃。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有一些地方的天气更加极端，达到 46度了，故使用比较级形式。故
填more。
【4题详解】
考查介词。句意：热浪可能会对人们的健康造成危害，尤其是对老年人、儿童和有某些健康问题的人等弱
势群体。分析句意可知，此处需要填写介词with构成介词短语作定语，表示“有某些健康问题的人”。故
填with。
【5题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：然而，任何人都可能受到酷热的影响，包括脱水（没有足够的水）和中暑（身体过
热导致的状况）。分析句意可知，本句谓语动词为suffer“遭受”，故此空位置应填助动词或情态动词。上
文“Heat waves can be a danger to people’s health（热浪可能会对人们的健康造成危害）”也是使用情态动
词can表示推测“可能”，故此处也应该使用can表示肯定的推测。故填can。
【6题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：一组英国著名科学家建议，正如风暴被命名一样，我们应该为热浪命名，以提高人
们对健康风险的认识。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词suggest“建议”应该使用现在完成时，与后文“The
Met Office, the UK’s national weather service, has issued an amber warning.（英国国家气象局Met Office发布
了琥珀色警告。）”保持时态一致。故填have suggested。
【7题详解】
考查不定式。句意：预计气温将升至35℃，有预测称英国最热的一天的纪录可能会被打破。be expected to
do 表示“预计”。故填to rise。
【8题详解】
考查连词。句意：政府官员已经开会讨论是否引入热浪紧急情况。分析句意可知，此处需要填写连词
whether“是否”，引导whether加不定式的结构作宾语，表示讨论的内容。故填whether。【9题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：为了应对炎热的天气，国家卫生局表示，人们应该在上午 11点到下午3点
之间尽量远离太阳，此时气温最高，阳光最强。分析句意可知，此处填关系副词when引导非限定性定语
从句，修饰先行词 between 11 am and 3 pm“上午11点到下午3点之间”，在从句中作时间状语。故填
when。
【10题详解】
考查动名词。句意：把家中面向阳光的房间里的窗帘关闭有助于保持室内空间凉爽。分析句意可知，此处
动词close“关闭”使用动名词形式closing作主语，表示一般性的行为，故填Closing。
（2017年·上海春考真题）
“Zootopia” Broke Disney Records
Last weekend, the latest Disney movie, zootopia, broke records. The movie had the largest opening weekend for
a Disney animation. People across the U.S bought more than $75million worth of tickets.
Zootopia is a city of animals. The movie starts with a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal
21___________team up to find a missing otter (水獭). He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared
from the city.
Zootopia 22___________(praise) for its sharp humor and strong message since its release. The film explores
racism and other issues in the description of relations 23___________ two kinds of animals in the city.
Jaed Bush had Phil wrote zootopia. They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie 24___________(set)
in several different contexts. But they changed the story 25___________they found the animal world especially
interesting. They said to 26___________something like this, “What’s this world like? What’s the history of this
world?” and then, Bush said, they went to the experts. Not only 27___________the writers speak with people who
study culture and group behavior, but also they talked with animals experts like zookeepers
The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy 28___________(produce) in drawings. In the
movie, 64 species live in multiple neighborhoods 29___________(represent) different animals’ living environments.
Disney says zootopia is its 30___________(complex) animation yet. The extra effort is certainly paying off at the
box office.
【答案】
21.who 22. has been praised 23. between 24.set 25. because/when/after/since/as
26. themselves 27. did 28. to produce 29. representing 30. most complex
【解析】
2L.who[解析] 考查定语从句。考查 who 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal
。 The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal who team up to find a missing otter.电影的主角免子
警官和一名狐狸罪犯联合起来寻找一只失踪的水獭。22.has been praised[解析]考查现在完成时的被动。praised 被表扬且句子中又个词 since。“Zootopia”was
praised for its sharp humor and strong message since its release.自《动物城》发行以来，它因为突出的幽默和
强有力的信息被称赞。
23.between[解析]考查介词。between 在.....之间，用于涉及两个人或物相百关系时。The film explores racism
and other issues in its description of relation:between two kinds of animals in the city.这部电影在城市的两种动
物之间探讨了利族和其他描述关于这种关系的问题。
24.set[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。set 与被修饰词 movie 是被动关系，且set 的过去时和过去分词都
是原型，因此用 set 作后置定语修饰 movie。句意 They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie sel in
several different contexts. 他 们]诉记者这部电影是作为在几个不同背景下的间谍电影设置的。
25.because[解析]考查原因状语从句。But they changed the story because they found the animal world especially
interesting.但他们将改变了故事，因为他们发现动物世界特别有趣。
26.themselves[解析]考查复合不定代词。themselves 他们自己。They said to themselves something like this.他
们对自己说了这样的话。
27.did[解析]考查倒装句。复合句的倒装，主句倒装从句不倒装。因此 but also后面的句子不用倒装，not
only 后面的句子倒装。句意为 No only did the writers speak with people who study couture and group behavior,
but also they talked with animal experts like zookeepers.作者不仅与研究时装和群体行为的人交谈，还与动物
专家如动物例养员交谈。
28.to produce《解析]考查动词不定式。be not easy to do sth.做某事不容易。The creators have noted that the
variety of animals was not easy to produce in drawings.t作者们意识到动物的多样性很难在绘画中产出。
29.representing[解析]考查现在分词。representing 和句子的主语是主动关系句子中已经有谓语动词live,所以
此处用现在分词表示表示主动。句意 In the movie64 species live in multiple neighborhoods representing different
animals’ living environments.在电影中，64 种物种生活在多个代表不同动物的生存环境的社区
30.most complex[解析]考查形容词比较级。Most complex 最复杂 Disney say“Zootopia”is its most complex
animation yet迪士尼说动物城是它拍摄的最复杂的动画。
