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考点 02 形容词、副词、情态动词 （核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
高考考点 语法填空之形容词、副词、情态动词
The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's
decision and thanked him for his fair judgment. From that day forward,
they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best friends.
【答案】26.could
2023上海秋考
【解析】26.could 考查情态动词。分析句子结构可知，该句不缺少成分，且
谓语动词为原型，故考虑情态动词，结合上下文内容可推知，此处想要表述
的是“因为国王的决定，他们能够(could)在一起工作，成为最好的朋友”，
故此处填入could。
未设考点
2023上海春考
未设考点
2022上海秋考
2022上海春考 未设考点
When you were younger，a piano lesson may have ruined your day. Carrying a
flute from class to class just for a half-hour lesson(21)_______have seemed
pointless.But as you enter the adult world suddenly you realize that knowing how
to play an instrument is pretty cool. Yes, even the flute.
2021上海春考 【答案】21.may
【解析】考查情态动词。此句中有主语和谓语，在主语和谓语之间的空格
缺少情态动词。前句中有 may，而且根据句意：“带着笛子从一个班到另
一个班仅仅上半小时的课似乎毫无意义。”推测这里也是不确定推测。因
此正确答案为may。Part 01 形容词/副词
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】
形容词、副词的比较等级
考点一：
一、平级比较
1. ＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
2. ＂as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比较，即两个或两部
分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
【特别提醒】
as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词。如：
☞The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is 100 meters tall. 这栋楼有100米。
二、比较级
1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal等。
☞He is much taller than Yao Ming. 他比姚明高多了。
☞The book is better by far than that one.这本书比那本书要好得多。
2. 比较级的常见结构：
（1）“比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。
☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。
☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。
（2）由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级
①more “比……多”，后接复数名词或不可数名词
☞I have more news books than my cousin.
☞He has more milk than I .
②less “比……少”，后接不可数名词
☞He has less water than me.
③fewer“比……少”，后接复数名词
☞They have fewer flowers than we .
3. 比较级的特殊结构
（1）The more…,the more…表示“越……,就越……”(more代表比较级)
☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。
☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.
你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。
2.“比较级+比较级”和“more and more+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”
☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner. 我们的校园越来越干净。
☞Our city becames more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
3.＂the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂。
☞The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
4. “no +比较级+than”结构表示“和……一样不……”
“not +比较级+than”结构意为“不及”，表示前者不如后者☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
☞My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。
三、最高级
1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing
like。
☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
☞I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
2. 最高级意义的表达法
①the +最高级+比较范围
☞This apple is the biggest of the five.
②never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数
☞I have never read a better book than this.
③ 比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋anyone else
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词
eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)
①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.
②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.
③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.
④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.
⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.
④否定词＋比较级＝最高级。
☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
你对他在会议上说的满意吗？
—No. It couldn’t have been worse.
不，不能再差了。
倍数表达法
考点二：
表示倍数的句型：
(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋B(4)A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
(5)A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句
☞This building is three times higher than that one.
This building is three times as high as that one.
This building is three times the height of that one.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。
☞The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
☞After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year
before. 自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。
考点三：
–ing形容词和-ed形容词
1. 以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人……的”，常作定语；主要用于说明事物，
表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。
2. 以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）……的”，常作表语；通常用于说明人，
不
用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。
encourage 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的
interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的
astonishing令人惊呆的 astonished 惊呆的
surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised感到好奇的
moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的
frightening令人害怕的 frightened害怕的
terrifying令人恐惧 terrified感到恐惧的
puzzling 令人困惑不解的 puzzled感到困惑的
satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
tiring 令人厌倦的 tired感到厌烦的
amazing令人惊讶的 amazed感到惊讶的
boring 令人讨厌的 bored感到厌烦的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到激动的
touching 触动人心的 touched感动的
embarrassing令人尴尬的 embarrassed尴尬的
☞He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
☞He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他告诉了我这个消息，声音很激动。
☞The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。☞The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
☞a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)
a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)
☞an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)
an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)
Part 02 情态动词
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】
考点一：考查情态动词的基本用法
对于情态动词,通常是在具体的语境(尤其是对话)中考查其基本含义。个别高频情态动词在特殊语境下的特
殊含义(如:must“非得;偏要”,should“竟然”,shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等)
是高考的热点和难点。常见情态动词的基本用法是高考考查的重点。
例题：
Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven ________ have a significant impact on
the brain's development.
答案：can 句意为：一些科学证据表明人在七岁以前的音乐训练对大脑的发育可能有重要影响。can表示
可能性。
考点二：考查“情态动词+have done”的用法
“情态动词+have done”用法是高考的难点,主要是给出动词,让考生根据语境选择适当的情态动词填空,既可
能考查情态动词的使用,也可能考查动词过去分词的形式。例题：
I ________ have passed my examination easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes.
答案：could/would/might 句意为：我本能很轻松地通过考试，但我犯了很多愚蠢的错误。与过去事实相
反，主句用would/could/might/have done。
（上海市格致中学2023-2024学年高三9月月考）
Further, participants’ ratings of their own behaviors agreed with observers’ for how outgoing and how conscientious
they were being. But the agreement between participants and outside observers was ___28___(small) for agreeableness.
Some of this discrepancy could be because the observers used only audio clips, and thus could not read cues ___29___
body language, but there are probably other explanations,
【答案】
28. smaller
【28题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：但参与者和外部观察者在亲和性方面的一致程度要小一些。根据“But”可知，
此处语义有转折，上文提到参与者和外部观察者在外向和认真方面的评价一致，因此这里应该表示在亲和
性方面的一致程度要小一些，空处应用small的比较级形式。故填smaller。
（上海交通大学附中2023-2024学年高三上学期摸底考试）
Behaviour contracts for teenagers
The conflict between you and your son or daughter is a problem, maybe it’s time you thought about setting up
a ‘home rules contract’. This is an idea that’s being used more and more often, especially in families with rebellious
teenage children. We interviewed Dr Amy Barker, a psychologist, who is in favour of the idea.
What is a home rules contract?
.........
Who____3____ write the contract?Dr Barker: All the adults who have a parental role should be engaged. It’s important that they all agree and stick to the
rules themselves. At the same time, the teenagers should also contribute their ideas.
【答案】 3. ought to
【3题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：合同应该由谁来写？根据句意可知，表示应该，用情态动词 ought to 。故填ought
to。
（上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试）
..........
Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these cannot help but affect
a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or
both friends ____5____ not be willing to make.
【答案】 5. might
【5题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：不，但这需要你做出调整，而你或你的朋友可能都不愿意做。前文提到友谊可能因
为各种原因而结束，如果不想要友谊结束的话，就要其中一方或者双方做出改变，而友谊之所以会结束，
就是因为有可能没有人愿意做出改变，空后动词使用了原形，根据语境可知，空处可使用情态动词
might，表示“可能”，语气更加委婉。故填might。
（2024年黄浦区一模）
Whether or not you have a proper vacation __29__ (plan) for the coming weeks, you could envision any coming
weekend as its own two-day mini-break, programming it as you would a trip to somewhere new, with a journey
__30__ (exciting) than just “sleep as much as possible” and “mow the lawn”.
【答案】30. more exciting
【解析】more exciting：考查形容词比较级。句意：不管你在接下来的几周是否有一个合适的假期计划，你
都可以把即将到来的周末想象成一个为期两天的小假期，像规划去新地方的旅行一样规划它，带来一个比
“尽可能多地睡觉”和“修剪草坪”更令人兴奋的旅程。根据“than”可知，此处在作比较， 空处应用
exciting的比较级形式。故填more exciting。这里表示“一个比仅仅‘尽量多睡觉’和‘修剪草坪’更刺激
的旅程”，需要形容词比较级。故填入more exciting。
（2024年徐汇区一模）
Perhaps even more incredible is that it’s smack bang in the middle of Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park preserves this unique and historical natural wonder. As large as the limestone
cave system is, park officials, estimate there ___21___ be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be
explored.
.............
Mammoth Cave National Park is also much more than just a cave; its surrounding forest contains one of___30___ (diverse) habitats in the country. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with kayak and canoe
trails and great fishing spots.
【答案】21. may 30. the most diverse
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：与石灰岩洞穴系统一样大，公园官员估计，可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探
索。根据句意可知，此处是对现在的推测，且推测不是特别有把握，用情态动词may，表示“可能”。故
填
may。
【30题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：猛犸洞国家公园也不仅仅是一个洞穴；它周围的森林包含了该国最多样化的栖
息地之一。根据句意可知，本空填形容词diverse“多种多样的”的最高级，且最高级前通常加the。故填the
most diverse。
（2023·上海静安·统考二模）
“We _____10_____ not jump into the intervention stage too early,” says Manches.
【答案】10．should
10．考查情态动词。句意：“我们不应该过早地进入干预阶段，”曼切斯说。后跟动词原形，表示“应
该”应用情态动词should。故填should。
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）
Scientists also found the flower elsewhere in other districts, an indication that the new species ___22___ deserve
further investigation.
There are about 28,000 orchid species worldwide. The new orchid belongs to a class called Spiranthes. There
are about 50 different kinds of Spiranthes. They are ___27___ (familiar) kind of orchid in Japan, for they appeared
in a Japanese poem dating to 759 AD．
【答案】 22．may/might 27．the most familiar
22．考查情态动词。句意：科学家们在其他地区也发现了这种花，这表明这种新物种可能值得进一步研究。
空格后动词是原形，因此空格处是情态动词，根据语境可知，句子表示“科学家们在其他地区也发现了这
种花，这表明这种新物种可能值得进一步研究”，空格处意为“可能”，用情态动词 may/might。故填
may/might。
27．考查最高级。句意：它们是日本最常见的兰花，因为它们出现在公元 759年的一首日本诗中。由“in
Japan”和语境可知，句子表示“它们是日本最常见的兰花”，空格处用最高级 the most familiar。故填the
most familiar。
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）However, everyone ___40___ be careful of the catfish who hide in the shadows. If someone seems too good
to be true, they probably are!
【答案】 40．should
40．考查情态动词。句意：然而，每个人都应该小心隐藏在阴影中的鲶鱼。分析句子结构可知，空后是动
词原形，所以空处应是助动词或者情态动词，根军句意，此处表达“应该”之意，所以填情态动词
should。故填should。
（2023·上海松江·统考二模）
If you’d rather perfect your technique in person, you ___47___ also find free yoga and tai chi lessons in your
local community and take those lessons home.
【答案】 47．can/could/may/might
47．考查情态动词。句意：如果你想亲自练习，你也可以在当地社区找到免费的瑜伽和太极课程，并把它
们带回家。分析句子结构可知，动词原形前应为情态动词，结合句意可知，此处表示的是“可以”应为
can/could/may/might。
（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）
Fresh greens make a long-duration mission ___59___ (bearable) by providing a taste of home.
Looking to the future, the plant experiments have the potential to significantly impact the sustainability of space
exploration. They ____60____, one day, provide a food source for long-term habitation of Mars and other planets.
【答案】59．more bearable 60．can/may/could/might
59．考查比较级。句意：新鲜的蔬菜提供了一种家的味道，使长期的任务更容易忍受。表示“更容易忍
受”应用比较级，故填more bearable。
60．考查情态动词。句意：有一天，它们可以/可能为火星和其他行星的长期居住提供食物来源。后跟动词
原形，结合句意表示“可能”、“可以”应用情态动词can/may/could /might。故填can/may/could /might。
（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）
As is known to us, it ____62____ indicate the end of a sentence, a question or — in the exclamation mark’s
case — a strong emotion.
It’s _____70_____ (good) to leave them out and let the reader react to the words on their own terms.
【答案】 62．can 70．better
62．考查情态动词。句意：众所周知，感叹号可以表示一个句子的结尾，一个问题，或者——在感叹号的
情况下——表示一种强烈的情感。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词can表示“能够，可以”，满足句意要
求。故填can。
70．考查形容词比较级。句意：最好把它们去掉，让读者自己对这些词做出反应。根据句意可知，此处为固定句型it is better to do“最好做某事”，满足句意要求，所以此处为形容词的比较级形式。故填better。
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）
I knew she was thinking about what could have been different if she had been ___78___ (proud).
【答案】 78．less proud
78．考查形容词。句意：我知道她在想，如果她不那么骄傲，会有什么不同。分析句子结构可知，此处为
形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处指的是母亲觉得要是自己不那么的骄傲的话，情况可能会不一样了，
所以此处是与过去自己的骄傲相比较，应使用比较级，且意义相反。故填less proud。
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）
OpenAI said it had spent six months on safety features for GPT-4, and on human feedback. However, it warned
that it _____87_____ still be subject to sharing disinformation.
GPT-4 has “_____90_____ (advanced) reasoning skills” than ChatGPT, OpenAI said. The model can, for
example, find available meeting times for three schedules.
【答案】87．may/might 90．more advanced
87．考查情态动词。句意：然而，该公司警告称，它仍可能受到分享虚假信息的影响。设空处应用情态动
词may或might，表示可能性。故填may/might。
90．考查形容词比较等级。句意：OpenAI表示，GPT-4拥有比ChatGPT“更高级的推理技能”。根据语境，
设空处在名词短语reasoning skills之前，句中有than，设空处应用形容词比较级，作前置定语。需填more
advanced。
（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）
It is believed that this method later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan, where similarities
__110__ be seen in the way matcha (抹茶) is prepared today.
【答案】110．can
110．考查情态动词。句意：有人认为，这种方法后来传播到包括日本在内的东亚其他地区，与今天抹茶
的制作方式十分相似。根据句意和空格后的be分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个助动词或情态动词，且
意义为“能够”，所以应该用情态动词can。故填can。
（2023·上海宝山·统考模拟预测）
Night owls are the opposite of morning larks. These people have ___114___ (little) energy in the morning.
People___117___ not adjust their bedtimes overnight (一夜之间). So far those night owls wishing to rise at
dawn, start with a 15-minute change.
【答案】 114．Least 117．can
114．考查形容词最高级。句意：这些人早上精力最少。本句“These people ”指前文“Night owls”，与早起鸟相反，夜猫子早上的精力最少，故用形容词的最高级least修饰名词energy。故填least。
117．考查情态动词。句意：人们不能一夜之间调整睡觉时间。分析句子可知，本句谓语不完整，结合句
意表示“不能够”用can not。故填can。
1．People who have benefited from good behaviour are (likely) to do something nice for someone
else later on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】more likely
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：从良好行为中受益的人以后更有可能为别人做一些好事。根据句意可
知，此处暗含比较级，意为“更可能……”，故此处应用 likely“可能的”比较级作表语，故填 more
likely。
2．Frankly speaking, Mr White’s lecture is (wonderful) one I have ever attended. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
【答案】the most wonderful
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：坦率地说，怀特先生的讲座是我所听过的最精彩的讲座。根据所给句
子中“I have ever attended”可知，此句表示“我听过的最精彩的讲座”即一定范围内的最高级形式。
“wonderful”是多音词形容词，因此最高级形式需在前加“the most”，即“the most wonderful”，故填the
most wonderful。
3．If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with (little) money and
(few) people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】 less fewer
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：如果我们按照他的计划，我们可以用更少的钱和更少的人把工作做得
更好。分析句子结构可知，结合空前better可推知，空处应用比较级与此对应，根据句意，所以空处应依
次填less，修饰不可数名词money；fewer修饰people。故填①less；②fewer。
4．On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in
their cells require (frequent) watering . (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】less frequent
【详解】考查形容词比较等级。句意：另一方面，对干燥环境有良好适应能力或有能力在细胞中储存水分
的植物不需要经常浇水。根据句意，对干燥环境有良好适应能力或有能力在细胞中储存水分的植物，与那
些适应能力差，储水能力差的植物相比较，浇水频率可以低一点，设空处修饰动名词 watering，应用形容
词的比较等级less frequent，为前置定语。故填less frequent。
5．The students were even (confused) but started the test by then. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】more confused
【详解】考查比较级。句意：学生们更加困惑，但在那时开始了测试。根据句意以及“even”可知，空处填
比较级more confused作表语。故填more confused。
6．Another study, conducted by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (滥用) at Columbia
University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (likely) to have
problems with drugs and alcohol. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】less likely
【详解】考查形容词和固定搭配。句意：另一项由哥伦比亚大学国家成瘾和药物滥用中心进行的研究发现，
每周与父母共进晚餐五次或更多的孩子不太可能出现毒品和酒精问题。结合句意空处应填less likely，be
less likely to do sth.意为“不太可能做某事”，固定搭配。故填less likely。
7．If you keep doing that, I’ m sure you will become (energetic) and feel better about yourself. （所给词
的适当形式填空）
【答案】more energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你一直这样做，我相信你会变得更有活力，自我感觉也会更好。 分析句
子结构可知，空格前有动词“become”，所以空格处要填形容词；根据并列连词“and”后有比较级
“better”，所以空格处也要填形容词比较级；由于所给词“energetic”是多音节形容词，所以用more来构成
比较级。故填more energetic。
8．After just 12 minutes with dogs, patients’ hearts and lungs seemed to be working (well). (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】better
【详解】考查比较级。句意：与狗共处12分钟后，病人的心脏和肺似乎工作得更好了。根据句意，此处用
比较级，well的比较级是better，作状语修饰working，故填better。
9．The evening is the (blessed) time of the day. Take this time to enjoy the happy times with friends
and family. Have a laughter-filled evening. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】most blessed
【详解】考查最高级。句意：晚上是一天中最幸福的时光。利用这段时间享受与朋友和家人的快乐时光。
度过一个充满欢笑的夜晚。根据上文定冠词以及句意可知为最高级，在 blessed前加most。故填most
blessed。
10．Of all the speakers, Harry was (young) person to speak at London Tech Week, a festival of
technology and stars of the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】the youngest
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有演讲者中，哈里是在伦敦科技周上发言的最年轻的人，这是一
个由科技和未来明星组成的节日。根据句中的 Of all the speakers可知，这里表示在三者以上中进行比较，
应用young的最高级youngest，且最高级前应加定冠词the。故填the youngest。
11．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no
weapon in your hand. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】may/might【详解】考查情态动词。句意：握手最初可能是一种古老的习俗，用来向陌生人展示你手中没有武器。分
析句子结构可知，本句中主语为动名词 Handshaking，为单数，而谓语动词是have started，且have是用的
原形；结合句意，此处表达一种猜测，所以应该用情态动词 may/might have done表示“有可能”。故填
may或might。
12．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put
a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：但是食品杂货店的面包必须在漫长的运输和贮存期间保持新鲜度。分析句
子结构可知，bread是句子的主语且是单数形式，而空格后动词 stay用了动词原形。换言之，空格要填上
一个词使得stay保持形式不变，考虑情态动词。再分析句意，长时间的运输和贮存肯定会使面包失去新鲜
度，因此就得想办法让它保持新鲜。must语气最强烈。故填must。
13．Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven have a significant
impact on the brain’s development. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】can
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：一些科学证据表明人在七岁以前的音乐训练对大脑的发育可能有重要影响。
can在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性；结合句意可知，can的该用法符合句意表示“可能”。故填can。
14．Students can’t wear jumpers, jackets or coats indoors. Also, girls and boys wear black leather shoes
and black socks. Sports shoes are not allowed. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：学生不能在室内穿套头衫、夹克或外套。此外，女孩和男孩都必须穿黑色
的皮鞋和黑色的袜子。不穿运动鞋。根据上下文可知这是规定，所以设空处应是必须的意思，后接动词原
形，所以用情态动词must，故填must。
15．“I hardly stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on my way to work,” he told
the BBC． (用适当的词填空)
【答案】can
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：“我几乎无法忍受在上班的地铁上和陌生人说话，”他告诉BBC。结合句
意空处应填情态动词can，表示能力。故填can。
16．Her appearance has changed so much that you well not recognize her. (情态动词) (用适
当的词填空)
【答案】may/might
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：她的外貌变化太大了，你很可能认不出她来。may/might well“很可能”，
固定短语，故填may/might。
17．It was said that the old lady sit under the big tree, waiting for her son to return from the
front. (情态动词) (用适当的词填空)
【答案】would
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：据说那位老太太总会坐在大树下，等着儿子从前线回来。结合句意可知，
此处表示过去反复进行的动作，应用情态动词would。故填would。18．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different. (用适
当的词填空)
【答案】must
【详解】考查must have done用法。句意：你表弟在蓟县的旅行一定很愉快，不是吗？他看起来很不一样。
根据He looks amazingly different.可知，此处是对过去肯定的推测，表示“一定做了某事”，使用must have
done，故填must。
19．He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes
ago. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】can’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他不可能写完论文。50分钟前我离开他时，他一个字也没写。分析句子结
构可知，空后为动词原形have，由此可知，此处应为情态动词，根据下文中的“He hadn’t written a single
word when I left him fifty minutes ago.”可知，50分钟前离开时，他还没有写一个字，由此可知推断，此处表
示他“不可能”写完论文。故填can’t。
20．Scientists are carrying on (far) research on Mars. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】further
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家们正在对火星进行进一步的研究。设空处修饰名词 research，
应填形容词，根据下文“research on Mars”可知，下文说的是对火星的研究，可推理出空白处应填比较级，
far的比较级有两种形式，farther：主要用作副词和形容词，表示“更远的”，通常用来形容实际的空间或
时间上的距离。further的意思更为广泛，包括“进一步的”、“更多的”。它不仅可以形容实际的空间距
离，还可以形容比喻性的距离或程度。本句中表示“更进一步的”，表示程度，应用 further。故填
further。
21．The forebrain is the largest and (complex) part of the brain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】most complex
【详解】考查最高级。句意：前脑是大脑中最大、最复杂的部分。and表并列，由the largest and可知，空
格处应该用形容词的最高级，complex的最高级形式是most complex。故填most complex。
22．In many students’ opinion, maths is one of the (tough) subjects. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
【答案】toughest
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在许多学生看来，数学是最难的科目之一。根据句意及one of可知，
此处使用形容词tough的最高级toughest“最难的”，作定语，修饰subjects。故填toughest。
（上海市2022-2023学年高三下学期“六校联合教研”质量调研英语试卷）
We Must Act Now to Protect Our Threatened Oceans
Last week, climate strikers young and old came out in force to call upon the government to act with greaterurgency in tackling the global climate emergency.
They ____1____ very well feel a need to step up their demands upon hearing the awful findings of the special report
on the ocean and cryosphere v(低温层) in a changing climate, released on Wednesday by the International Panel on
Climate Change. The report highlighted the intimate connections which exist between our climate, our oceans and
our very existence. It presented irrefutable scientific evidence ____2____ our warming climate is placing marine
and frozen areas of our planet in grave danger, with some changes happening at a much larger scale and faster rate
than previously ____3____ (predict).
Urgent action is needed ____4____ we are to keep our planet—and our oceans—safe and habitable. This
requires ____5____ (ambitious) targets to reduce our carbon emissions and to shift our energy system away from
polluting fossil fuels towards 100% renewable energies.
Change is also needed in international cooperation around ____6____ our oceans are protected.
It is hoped that early next year UN member states ____7____ (sign) a strong global ocean treaty that could
pave the way for the creation of marine sanctuaries(禁猎区), ____8____ (place) at least 30% of oceans off limits to
human activities such as commercial fishing and oil and gas exploration. This is a crucial step towards building the
resilience of marine ecosystems and securing a sustainable future for those ____9____livelihoods depend on our
oceans.
The government has been a vocal champion for ocean conservation. Now is the time for Britain
_____10_____ (turn) political will into decisive action by leading the way with the forging of a new global ocean
treaty. The prime minister’s direct involvement could make the difference between a watered- down agreement or a
powerful one.
【答案】1. may##might 2. that 3. predicted 4. if 5. more ambitious
6. how 7. will sign 8. placing 9. whose 10. to turn
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了我们人类必须行动起来保护我们受到威胁的海洋的原因以及一保
护海洋的要求。
【1题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：在听到国际气候变化专门委员会(ipcc)周三发布的《气候变化下的海洋和冰冻圈》特
别报告的可怕发现后，他们可能很有必要提高自己的要求。分析句子结构可知，空后动词为原形，再结合
句意可知，此处应为情态动词，表示推测，译为“可能”应使用may或者might。故填may/might。
【2题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：报告提供了无可辩驳的科学证据，表明气候变暖正使地球上的海洋和冰冻地区处
于严重危险之中，一些变化的规模和速度比先前预测的要大得多。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导
的同位语从句，对evidence进行解释，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，句意完整，所以使用连接词 that。故填
that。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：报告提供了无可辩驳的科学证据，表明气候变暖正使地球上的海洋和冰冻地区处
于严重危险之中，一些变化的规模和速度比先前预测的要大得多。分析句子结构可知，此处为省略“主语
和be动词”结构，predict与逻辑主语some changes之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填predicted。
【4题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：如果我们要保持我们的星球和海洋的安全和宜居，就需要采取紧急行动。分析句子
结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示的是条件，意为“如果”符合句意。
故填if。
【5题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这就需要制定更宏伟的目标来减少碳排放，并将我们的能源系统从污染严重的化石燃
料转向100%的可再生能源。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据“to shift our energy system
away from polluting fossil fuels towards 100% renewable energies”可知，现在的目标比以前更艰巨，所以应使
用形容词的比较级，ambitious为多音节词，其比较级应为more ambitious。故填more ambitious。
【6题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：围绕海洋保护的国际合作也需要改变。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的宾
语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但是句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示的是方式“如何……”，应
为how句意通顺。故填how。
【7题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：希望明年初联合国成员国愿意签署一项强有力的全球海洋条约，为建立海洋保护区
铺平道路(禁猎区)，将至少30%的海洋禁止人类活动，如商业捕鱼和石油和天然气勘探。分析句子结构可
知，此处应为谓语动词，根据early next year可知，此处应使用一般将来时，与主语之间为主动关系。故填
will sign。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：希望明年初联合国成员国愿意签署一项强有力的全球海洋条约，为建立海洋保护
区铺平道路(禁猎区)，将至少30%的海洋禁止人类活动，如商业捕鱼和石油和天然气勘探。分析句子结构
可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，place与逻辑主语that之间为主动关系，that引导的定语从句，指代先
行词a strong global ocean treaty，所以使用现在分词形式。故填placing。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是建设海洋生态系统恢复力的关键一步，也是为那些以海洋为生的人确保可持续
未来的关键一步。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的定语从句修饰代词 those，先行词those与空后
的名词livelihoods构成所属关系，所以使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在是英国将政治意愿转化为果断行动的时候了，英国应该带头制定新的全球海
洋条约。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语，意为“现在是该做某事的时候了”，应为不定
式形式表示将要发生的动作，且表示主动意义。故填to turn。
（2017·上海春考真题）
“Zootopia” Broke Disney RecordsLast weekend, the latest Disney movie, zootopia, broke records. The movie had the largest opening weekend for
a Disney animation. People across the U.S bought more than $75million worth of tickets.
Zootopia is a city of animals. The movie starts with a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal
21___________team up to find a missing otter (水獭). He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared
from the city.
Zootopia 22___________(praise) for its sharp humor and strong message since its release. The film explores
racism and other issues in the description of relations 23___________ two kinds of animals in the city.
Jaed Bush had Phil wrote zootopia. They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie 24___________(set)
in several different contexts. But they changed the story 25___________they found the animal world especially
interesting. They said to 26___________something like this, “What’s this world like? What’s the history of this
world?” and then, Bush said, they went to the experts. Not only 27___________the writers speak with people who
study culture and group behavior, but also they talked with animals experts like zookeepers
The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy 28___________(produce) in drawings. In the
movie, 64 species live in multiple neighborhoods 29___________(represent) different animals’ living environments.
Disney says zootopia is its 30___________(complex) animation yet. The extra effort is certainly paying off at the
box office.
【答案】
21.who 22. has been praised 23. between 24.set 25. because/when/after/since/as
26. themselves 27. did 28. to produce 29. representing 30. most complex
【解析】
2L.who[解析] 考查定语从句。考查 who 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal
。 The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal who team up to find a missing otter.电影的主角免子
警官和一名狐狸罪犯联合起来寻找一只失踪的水獭。
22.has been praised[解析]考查现在完成时的被动。praised 被表扬且句子中又个词 since。“Zootopia”was
praised for its sharp humor and strong message since its release.自《动物城》发行以来，它因为突出的幽默和
强有力的信息被称赞。
23.between[解析]考查介词。between 在.....之间，用于涉及两个人或物相百关系时。The film explores racism
and other issues in its description of relation:between two kinds of animals in the city.这部电影在城市的两种动
物之间探讨了利族和其他描述关于这种关系的问题。
24.set[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。set 与被修饰词 movie 是被动关系，且set 的过去时和过去分词都
是原型，因此用 set 作后置定语修饰 movie。句意 They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie sel in
several different contexts. 他 们]诉记者这部电影是作为在几个不同背景下的间谍电影设置的。
25.because[解析]考查原因状语从句。But they changed the story because they found the animal world especially
interesting.但他们将改变了故事，因为他们发现动物世界特别有趣。
26.themselves[解析]考查复合不定代词。themselves 他们自己。They said to themselves something like this.他
们对自己说了这样的话。
27.did[解析]考查倒装句。复合句的倒装，主句倒装从句不倒装。因此 but also后面的句子不用倒装，not
only 后面的句子倒装。句意为 No only did the writers speak with people who study couture and group behavior,but also they talked with animal experts like zookeepers.作者不仅与研究时装和群体行为的人交谈，还与动物
专家如动物例养员交谈。
28.to produce《解析]考查动词不定式。be not easy to do sth.做某事不容易。The creators have noted that the
variety of animals was not easy to produce in drawings.t作者们意识到动物的多样性很难在绘画中产出。
29.representing[解析]考查现在分词。representing 和句子的主语是主动关系句子中已经有谓语动词live,所以
此处用现在分词表示表示主动。句意 In the movie64 species live in multiple neighborhoods representing different
animals’ living environments.在电影中，64 种物种生活在多个代表不同动物的生存环境的社区
30.most complex[解析]考查形容词比较级。Most complex 最复杂 Disney say“Zootopia”is its most complex
animation yet迪士尼说动物城是它拍摄的最复杂的动画。
