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题型突破 04 选词填空之高分秘诀
（核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
年份 词汇填空
2023上海秋考 名词考查4；动词考查3；形容词考查4；其中构词法2，分词2
2022上海秋考 名词考查5；动词考查4；形容词考查2；其中构词法1
2021上海秋考 名词考查3；动词考查5；形容词考查3；其中构词法2；分词2
2020上海秋考 名词考查3；动词考查5；形容词考查3；其中构词法3
选词填空题文体以说明文为主
题材内容以科普文为主，但内容各不相同，覆盖人文、健康、科技、气候、概念等方方面面。
【思维导图】【知识梳理】
词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧
1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 1、先判断方框单词的词性
名词
2、注意名词也可作前置定语 词义，注意一词多性和一
do/does形式： 词多义。
1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数 2、精读第一句，掌握文章
主题。
+1”规则判断
3、根据语法知识确定被填
2、注意三单和动词及物不及物
入空格词的词性，缩小范
doing形式：
围。
1、可能是动名词、现在分词和进行时态
4、根据文章理解确定答
2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语
案。
3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意
动词 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答
分词短语作后置定语情况
案。
done形式：
1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词
2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状
态的过去分词
3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意
分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语
的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等
形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语
副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末
解题思路一：名词的确定
动词的确定：名词在句子中做主语；名词做动词宾语或介词宾语；注意名词也可作定语。例：
（2024年黄浦区二模）
A. convincing B. disinformation C. hazards D. illogical E. maintain F. preview
G. publicly H. racing I. response J. speed K. seemingly
It could also become a quick and inexpensive way of creating online ___34___, making it even harder to tell
what’s real on the internet.
In an interview, the team behind the technology said the company was not yet releasing Sora to the public
because it was still working to understand the system’s ___35___. The intention here is to give a(n) ___36___ of
what is likely to happen soon, so that people can see the capabilities of this technology.
【答案】34. B 35. C 36. F
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了 OpenAI推出即时生成令人瞠目结舌视频的人工智能，这项技术可以加快经验丰富的电影制作人的工作速度。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：它还可能成为一种快速而廉价的制造网络虚假信息的方式，使人们更难在互联网上分辨
什么是真实的。根据“making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet”以及句意“虚假信息”可知应填
名词disinformation，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：在一次采访中，该技术背后的团队表示，该公司尚未向公众发布 Sora，因为它仍在努力
了解该系统的危害。根据“making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet”以及句意“危害”可知应填
复数名词hazards，作宾语。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：这里的目的是对可能很快发生的事情进行预览，以便人们可以看到这项技术的功能。根
据“so that people can see the capabilities of this technology”以及句意“预览”可知应填名词preview，作宾语，
不定冠词提示用单数。故选F。
解题思路二：动词的确定
动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关
联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。例：
（2024年嘉定区二模）
A. conserve B. wrinkly C. stationary D. exceptional E. oddities F. nursing
G. timely H. sounding I. generalize J. comprise K. rules
The Curious World of Bats
Many bat species can go into a period of deep sleep, known as “torpor”, for a few hours a day or even for weeks
to ____37____ energy when it’s cold or food is unavailable. And while most small mammals have short lives and
lots of babies, some bats can live for two decades or more and typically have just one baby per year.
For how much energy they need, it’s also surprising that many bat species, including most of those in the US,
rely on insects alone for food. They have to eat ridiculous quantities of them. A mom that is ____38____ a baby can
catch more than 4,000 insects in one night.
,
Oddly although bats can fly, they can’t easily take off from a(n) ____39____ position, like most birds and
insects do. That’s one reason why they hang upside down-bats have to gain the momentum they need by falling. “For
them, it’s not upside down,” Frick said. “It’s flight-side ready!”
While bats remain highly understudied relative to birds and other mammals, scientists are ____40____ the alarm.
In North America, more than half of all bat species are at risk of severe population decline. Climate change, they say,threatens to only speed up their extinction.
【答案】
37. A 38. F 39. C 40. H
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是地球上的一种特殊的哺乳类动物——蝙蝠。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：许多种类的蝙蝠可以进入一段时间的深度睡眠，被称为“麻木”，每天几个小时甚至几
个星期来保存能量。分析句子结构可知，空前为动词不定式符号to，所以此处使用动词原形，根据句意可
知，此处表示“保存”应为conserve符合语境。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：一个哺乳婴儿的母亲一晚上可以捕捉 4000多只昆虫。分析句子结构可知，此空与is构
成句子的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示“哺育”应为nurse符合语境，主语动词之间为主动关系，所以
此处使用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时态。故选F项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：奇怪的是，虽然蝙蝠会飞，但它们不能像大多数鸟类和昆虫那样轻易地从静止的位置
起飞。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词position，根据句意以及下文中的“That’s one
reason why they hang upside down-bats have to gain the momentum they need by falling.”可知，它们倒挂的原因
是为起飞获得动力，所以此处表示“静止的”应为stationary符合语境。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：虽然与鸟类和其他哺乳动物相比，对蝙蝠 的研究还很不充分，但科学家们已经敲响了警
钟。分析句子结构可知，此空与are构成句子的谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示“拉响警报”为sound符合
语境，sound与句子主语scientists之间为主动关系，所以此处应为现在分词形式sounding与are构成现在进
行时。故选H项。
解题思路三：非谓语动词的确定
非谓语动词的确定：动名词作主语、动词宾语和介词宾语、表语、定语。分词作表语、宾补、定语、状语。
有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。例：
（2024年静安区二模）
A. army B. available C. displayed D. reserves E. straight F. inserted
G. additional H. advocates I. initiative J. proven K. existing
A new way to reduce poaching
Also, ___17___ studies using computer modeling and a replica rhino head will be done to determine a safe dose
of radioactive material. Rhino horn is used in traditional medicine, as it is believed to cure disease such as cancer,
___18___ as a show of wealth and given as gifts.
.......
Besides Russia’s state-owned nuclear company, the University of Witwatersrand, scientists and private rhinoowners are involved in the project. If the method is ___19___ feasible, it could also be used to curb illegal trade in
elephant ivory.
【答案】 18. C 19. J
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍减少偷猎的新方法。
【18题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：犀牛角被用于传统医学，因为它被认为可以治愈癌症等疾病，作为财富的象征和礼
物。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要过去分词displayed，意为“被展示”，作后置定语。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：如果这种方法被证明是可行的，它也可以用来遏制象牙的非法贸易。分析句子结构
和意思可知，这里需要过去分词proven，意为“被证明”，作表语。故选J。
解题思路四：形容词的确定
形容词的确定：形容词作定语修饰名词。单个形容词作前置定语；形容词短语作后置定语。例：
（2024年金山区二模）
A. actually B. amazed C. breathtaking D. critics E. gradually F. prize
G. reflection H. release I. solid J. standardize K. switched
Will AI allow humans to play a part?
The speed of change, though, has been ___39___. Increasingly, says Bone, she and her colleagues are acting as
editors of a machine’s first pass, rather than translators of the raw material.
For some, that’s fine. “People will say, ‘OK, instead of working at one rate for this number of words per hour,
I’m working at many more words per hour, but for a much lower rate.’ Some are happy to take on. Some won’t, as a
matter of principle.”
As we are ___40___ at ChatGPT and its great ability to imitate human writing, translators are, compared with
the rest of the professions, sensitive. Anyway, this technology is here to stay.
【答案】 39. C 40. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能对于语言翻译行业的影响。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，变化的速度是惊人的。根据“Increasingly, says Bone, she and her colleagues are
acting as editors of a machine’s first pass, rather than translators of the raw material.(Bone说，她和她的同事们越
来越多地扮演着机器第一遍编辑的角色，而不是原始材料的翻译)”以及句意“惊人的”可知应填形容词
breathtaking，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当我们惊叹于ChatGPT及其模仿人类写作的强大能力时，与其他职业相比，翻译是敏
感的。根据“at ChatGPT and its great ability to imitate human writing”以及句意“惊叹”可知应填形容词
amazed，作表语。故选B。 解题思路五：副词的确定
副词的确定：句子完整，副词可修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子、介词短语、不定式、过去分词等；
（2024年浦东新区二模）
A. backfire B. compensate C. extend D. impressive E. meaningful
F. measure G. needle H. overall I. perceive J. punishment K. typically
Why You Shouldn’t Exercise to Lose Weight
For starters, exercise — at least the kind most of us do — is ___12___ ineffective for weight loss. Take walking,
for example. A 150-pound person who walks briskly for 30 minutes will burn, on average, around 140 calories. That’s
equal to one can of soda — not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort. It’s much easier just to
skip the soda.
Studies ___13___ show that doing moderate-intensity aerobic exercise such as walking for 30 minutes a day,
five days a week — the amount recommended for good health — typically produces little or no weight loss by
itself.
【答案】
12. K 13. H
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么不应该通过运动来减肥的几个原因。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意：首先，运动——至少是我们大多数人做的那种——对减肥通常是无效的。分析句子可知，
此处为副词作状语修饰形容词ineffective，typically“通常”为副词，符合句意。故选K项。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：总的来说，研究表明，做中等强度的有氧运动，比如每天步行30分钟，每周五天——这
是保持身体健康的推荐量——通常只会产生很少或根本没有减肥效果。分析句子可知，此处为副词作状语
修饰动词show，overall“总的来说”为副词，符合句意。故选H项。
解题思路六：熟词生义
A. address B. fascination C.governed D. imposing E.offensive F.originally
G.overlooking H. rebellion I.reminder J. randomly K.swept
Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his
fiefdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord
would come to report the affairs of the lands that they ___37___ and pay tribute to the lord. They would ___38___
disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval
England. （2018上海春考）
【答案】 38. A
[解析]动词并列表示一系列连贯的动作，前后时态一致。address v. “处理；解决”。address disputes解决纠纷。
A. competitors B. philosophy C. properly D. maximize E. enthusiastic F. candidate
G. mirrors H. background I. extremely J. conducted K. cultural
You need to communicate in a way that 38 their company standards; this will show that you can fit in that
organization.（2017上海春考模拟卷）
【答案】 38. G
[解析] 句意：你需要以一种反映他们公司标准的方式进行沟通；这将表明你能够融入那个组织。此处
mirror用作动词，“照射”，“反映”。熟词生义。
解题思路七：一词多性
These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance,
establish or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.
A. access B.alternatives C.designed D. confirmed E. conflicting
F. elements G. function H.innovative I.prospective J. separate K. supporting
【答案】G
【解析】本句意为“这种要求要注意均衡内饰的需要和使得员工起到最好的作用，内饰在一定程度上，可
以加强，建立或促进公司的形象。”结合搭配enable sb to do sth可以知道空格填动词形式，而且是原形。
需注意function可以做名词（“功能”），也可做不及物动词动词用（“起作用”）。
解题思路八：构词法（派生/转化/合成/缀合）
（2016上海高考）
A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct
G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze
More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the
result is 43 design.
For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat
of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user.
【解析】以上两空均所填入单词均涉及到构词法知识。
43.J 形容词soulless 没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词 design。根据前半句“The American-born
architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly...”可知美国建筑家Robert Venturi总结过，如
果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的；
47.B 形容词adjustable可调节的；本句中该词作为定语修饰名词desk lamp，意为“可调节的台灯”，与后句中“regular adjustments by the user” 形成呼应。
（2017黄埔一模）
A. administered B. assess C. evaluating D. externally E. improperly F. life-threatening
G. measures H. original I. preexisting J. principles K. vital
Next, __（assess）____ the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of
the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and __ preexisting___ conditions such as heart
trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist.
【解析】以上2空考查了构词法知识，分别是构词法中前缀与合成。preexisting 意思为“以前存在的”；
life-threatening意思为 “威胁生命的”。
解题思路九：固定搭配
在选词填空中，约定俗成的固定搭配不是很多，但对固定搭配的理解很常见。此外，非常重要的一点是注
意小品词，即我们通常所说的to, in , on , at ,from等等,某种程度上能给我们选择的提示。如：
1).He believes design must take into the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste.
（account）（2016上海高考）
2). Since you really____ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it?
(commit) (2014上海高考)
3).The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to ____foods as healthy
or unhealthy. (classify) （2014上海高考）
【解析】以上均考察词汇固定搭配。take into account 意思为“把……考虑在内”。commit oneself to “使自
己致力于做”；“使自己承担于……”。classify....as “将……分类或划分”。
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct
G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze
Golden Rules of Good Design
What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of
good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There arefour as follows.
Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist
view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through
the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42
More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the
result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again. Product design
was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.
Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape,
form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example,
think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and
regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is
needed.
From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes
design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as
important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking
device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.
【答案】
41. D 42.E 43.J 44.G 45.C 46.H 47.B 48.F 49.A 50.K
【解析】
本文属于说明文，告诉我们好的设计应包括四个黄金定律：简约、功能以及情感等等。
41. D 动词capture获得；捕获；本句中该词构成的不定式短语“to capture.....”作为动词try的宾语。句意：
多年以来，设计师和艺术家一直都在努力搞清楚好的设计的本质。
42.E 名词decorations 装饰，该词在句中作为动词avoid的宾语。本段的主题是“Less is more”倡导装修设
计的简单化。句意：设计应该避免不必要的装饰物。
43.J 形容词soulless 没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词 design。根据前半句“The American-born
architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly...”可知美国建筑家Robert Venturi总结过，如
果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的；
44.G 动词短语experiment with试用，用...做实验；句意：后现代主义设计师们再一次开始试验装饰和颜色。
45.C 名词appliance电器，电器工具；该词可由后面列举的例子“ovens and kettles烤箱和水壶”推理，指
厨房电器等物品。
46.H 形容词intended预期的；本句中该词和系动词is构成系表结构。句意：对用户来说最重要的是产品达
到了预期的效果。
47. B. 形容词adjustable “可调节的”；句中该词作为定语修饰名词desk lamp, 意为“可调节的台灯”与后
句中 “regular adjustments by the user”形成呼应。
48. F. direct; 形容词为“直接的”；这里是用作动词，意思为“对准”与名词light构成动宾结构。句意：
它需要将光线对准需要的地方。
49. A. 动词短语 take......into account/consideration; “把...考虑在内”。他认为设计必须把自然的知觉因素考
虑在内。50. K. 动词squeeze “挤压”；句中该词和名词the toothpaste构成动宾关系。句意：我们很喜欢一个看起来
很酷的装置，能让我们很容易地把牙膏挤到牙刷上。
（上海市建平中学2023-2024学年高三英语3月检测英语试题）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A．alternative B．astonishing C． computerized D．contribution E. developing
F. rate G. modified H. perfect I. reject J. relevance K. sufficient
Using animals to test drugs intended for humans is controversial, with critics arguing there are other ways to
ensure new medicines are safe and effective. But the scientists who carry out the research say animal studies remain
necessary. Statistics indicate that in the UK around three million mice are being used for research and tens of millions
worldwide.
Despite the difference in appearances, the genetic similarities with humans are 1 . The mouse
genome (基因组) shares over 95% of its genes with humans. The animal acts as a “model”, genetically 2
to develop a human disease. But the use of mice, like any animal, in research is criticized by some.
Animal Defenders International (ADI) is one of the groups that campaigns for an end to the use of animals in
research. “We would argue that it is extremely outdated, and not very good science for humans,” says Fleur Dawes
of ADI. Ms. Dawes believes the suffering that the animals go through does not legalize their 3 to science
and medicine for humans.” There is a big problem with that because there are huge differences between the species.
And even though there are similarities with humans and mice, they react very differently to each other when
experimented on. So what works in one animal is not an indication that that is how things work in other animals.”
However, Dr. Wells from Mary Lyon Centre (MLC) says they are constantly trying to 4 the process to
reduce the suffering of mice.” If it’s a procedure where you can anaesthetize (麻醉) the mice, then you do it to
reduce their stress. And if there is a (n) 5 method that doesn’t involve mice, you are not legally and
normally allowed to do the procedure.”
If we 6 animal research, are there alternatives? Dr. Wells says, “There is a massive field 7
on alternatives, and we are very supportive of that field and we always keep track of what is going on in that field,
because maybe we can replace one of our models. “Those alternatives include chips on human organs to study their
function, micro-dosing treatments in humans and 8 models.” Lots of people say that there is a computer
now to model what is going to happen in diseases,” Dr. Wells adds, “But we still don’t know enough to program thosecomputers with 9 knowledge to be able to model what’s happening in every disease.”
Fleur Dawes agrees one alternative is not enough. But she says, “By combining the different alternatives, you
can actually get a much better picture that is of much better 10 to humans.”
【答案】
1．B 2．G 3．D 4．H 5．A 6．I 7．E 8．C 9．K 10．J
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章讨论了动物实验的争议性，指出老鼠基因组与人类有 95%的基因相似，
但动物实验仍受批评。动物保护组织认为其科学价值有限，而科学家则在寻找减少动物痛苦的方法，并探
索替代实验的领域。
1．考查形容词。句意：尽管外表不同，但与人类的基因相似性是惊人的。此处需要形容词来修饰名词
similarities，根据语境，选择形容词astonishing，意思是“令人惊讶的”。故填B项。
2．考查动词的过去分词。句意：老鼠基因组与人类共享超过95%的基因，并且基因组被修改以发展人类
疾病。此处需要过去分词作定语，修饰model，表示被动意义，modified符合题意，它是modify（修改）
的过去分词，即基因组被修改。故填G项。
3．考查名词。句意：但是，动物在研究中的使用，像任何动物一样，受到一些人的批评。此处需要名词
作宾语，再根据句意和横线后的to可知，这里应选择一个名词表示动物对科学和医学的贡献。故填D项。
4．考查动词。句意：但是，来自玛丽·莱昂中心的威尔斯博士说，他们正在不断尝试改进这个过程以减少
老鼠的痛苦。此处需要动词原形，表示尝试做某事。根据句意，对于这个过程应该是不断地优化改进，
perfect可以作动词，意思是“打磨完美”，符合题意，故填H项。
5．考查形容词。句意：如果有一个不涉及老鼠的替代方法，你通常在法律上是不允许进行这个过程的。
横线后有名词，说明这里应该填一个形容词，根据句意，选择 alternative，形容词，意思是“可替代的”，
符合题意，故填A项。
6．考查动词。句意：如果我们拒绝动物研究，有替代方法吗？分句句子结构可知，此处需要谓语，根据
句意，应该选择一个表示拒绝的动词。根据上下文，句子使用一般现在时即可，故填I项。
7．考查动词。句意：威尔斯博士说，有一个正在发展的替代领域，我们非常支持那个领域。本句已经存
在谓语（系动词）is，所以空格处应该选择一个非谓语，developing符合要求，它是现在分词，和逻辑主语
field形成主动关系，作后置定语。故填E项。
8．考查形容词。句意：那些替代方法包括在人体器官上安装芯片以研究它们的功能，对人类进行微量治
疗和计算机化模型。此处需要形容词作定语，修饰models，根据上下文，需要选择一个形容词表示与计算
机相关的模型。可以填入computerized，它是由名词computer和词根-ize构成了动词，再变成过去分词，
意思是“计算机化的”，故填C项。
9．考查形容词。句意：但是，我们仍然不知道足够多的信息来用足够的知识编程这些计算机，以便能够
模拟每一种疾病中正在发生的事情。此处需要形容词作定语，修饰knowledge，表示知识的程度。sufficient
符合题意，它是形容词，意思是“充分的”，故填K项。
10．考查名词。句意：但是，她说，通过结合不同的替代方法，你实际上可以得到一个更好的画面，这对
人类来说更有意义。此处需要名词作宾语，表示意义或重要性。再根据横线后的to，这里选择relevance，意思是“相关性；重要性”，符合题意，故填J项。
（一）
（2024年奉贤区二模）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A. flooded B. leaps C. increasingly D. combines E. reflects F. emphasizing
G. pioneering H. crafted I. technical J. unexpectedly K. classic
Chinese animations (动画) are booming
The “Black Cat Delective”, released 40 years ago, was a childhood favorite for many Chinese. Since then,
Chinese cartoons have come a long way. While “Black Cat Detective” was simply drawn, current cartoons feature
____11____ advances and fascinating plots. One example is “Boonie Bears: Time Twist”, a family-friendly adventure
released in February, with smooth animation reminding us of Pixar, a ____12____ animation studio now owned by
Disney.
These recent ____13____ in quality have enabled Chinese cartoons to succeed at the domestic box office. “Ne
Zha: Birth of the Demon Child” was the most well-received film in China in 2019,____14____ beating out “Avengers:
Endgame ”, a superhero movie by Marvel Studios.
In the 1960s, China’s animation industry saw a big downturn as American and Japanese films ____15____ into
the Chinese market, dominating both domestic television and cinema screens. As a result, Chinese animators
____16____ began to work for western studios. However, things changed in 2015 with the release of “Monkey King:
Hero is Back”, a breakthrough for Chinese animation. This film, based on the timeless ____17____ “Journey to the
Wes/”, signaled a new era of creativity and success in the industry. The main character, the Monkey King, is
depicted(刻画) as going through a mid-life crisis, which ____18____ the director’s view that cartoons are not just
for children.
Light Chaser Animation, a Beijing-based studio, has contributed to the popularity of cartoons in China. Its
production “30,000 Miles from Chang’ an” ____19____ elements of Chinese culture, history, and legends with
aesthetic(美学的) feeling of Tang dynasty poetry. Indeed, traditional themes are widespread among successful Chinese
animations,____20____ the importance of traditional culture as a foundation for Chinese animation. Like other
industries, cartoons in China are inspired by Western innovations but with added “Chinese characteristics”.
【答案】11. I 12. G 13. B 14. J 15. A 16. C 17. K 18. E 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国动画的崛起，从《黑猫警长》到《长安三万里》，融合
传统文化与现代技术，突破创新，如《哪吒之魔童降世》击败《复联4》，展现国漫新高度。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然《黑猫警长》只是简单地画出来的，但目前的漫画以技术进步和引人入胜的情节为特色。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词在句中作定语，修饰名词 advances，technical“技术的”为形容词，
符合句意。故选I。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一个例子是今年2月上映的一部适合家庭的冒险电影《熊出没·逆转时空》，流畅的动
画让我们想起了皮克斯，这是一家开创性的动画工作室，现在归迪士尼所有。分析句子可知，空处应填形
容词在句中作定语，修饰名词studio，pioneering“开创性的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近这些质量上的飞跃使中国动画片在国内票房上取得了成功。分析句子可知，空处应
填名词在句中作主语，由these可知，应用复数名词。leaps“飞跃”为名词，符合句意。故选B。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：《哪吒：魔童降世》是2019年中国最受欢迎的电影，出乎意料地击败了漫威工作室的超
级英雄电影《复仇者联盟：终局之战》。分析句子可知，空处应填副词在句中作状语，修饰动词beating，
unexpectedly“出乎意料地”为副词，符合句意。故选J。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：20世纪60年代，随着美国和日本电影涌入中国市场，在国内电视和电影屏幕上占据主
导地位，中国动画产业出现了大萧条。分析句子可知，空处应填动词作as从句中的谓语，由In the 1960s可
知，句子应用一般过去式，flooded“涌入”为动词，符合句意。故选A。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，中国动画师越来越多地开始为西方工作室工作。分析句子可知，空处应填副词在
句中作状语修饰动词began，increasingly“越来越多地”为副词，符合句意。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：这部电影以永恒的经典《西游记》为蓝本，标志着行业内一个创新与成功新时代的开始。
分析句子可知，空处应填名词作介词on的宾语，classic“经典”为名词，符合句意。故选K。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：主角孙悟空被描绘成经历中年危机，这反映了导演认为卡通片不仅仅是给儿童看的的观
点。分析句子可知，空处应填动词在定语从句中作谓语，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句
子，从句中用一般现在时第三人称单数形式，reflects“反映”为动词，符合句意。故选E。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：其作品《长安三万里》融合了中国文化、历史、传说元素以及唐诗的审美意境。分析句
子可知，空处应填动词在句中作谓语，描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，单数名词作主语，空处应
用第三人称单数形式，combines“组合”为动词，符合句意。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：事实上，传统题材在成功的中国动画中广泛存在，强调了传统文化作为中国动画基础的
重要性。分析句子可知，空处在句中作非谓语，emphasizing“强调”为动词，现在分词形式做结果状语，
符合句意。故选F。
（二）（2024年虹口区二模）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. chaos B. consume C. plentiful D. discharge E. evolutionarily F. extent
G. freeze H. mechanism I. novel J. subsequently K. unstable
Science in Images
Oyster mushrooms feature in cuisines around the world, but they should be off the menu for hungry worms --
which these delicious mushrooms will kill and eat. Now researchers finally know how they do it.
A study published in Science Advances details how oyster mushrooms use a particular poisonous substance to
freeze and get rid of mushroom-eating roundworms called nematodes (线虫). The mushrooms, which grow on
nutrient-poor dead wood, then ___31___ the worms for nutrition.
“Nematodes happen to be the most ___32___ animals these mushrooms encounter. So I think, ___33___, this
cross-kingdom interaction is very interesting,” says study senior author.
The study team of geneticists, biochemists and biologists had previously found that oyster mushrooms release
an unidentified poisonous substance that will somehow ___34___ the worms within minutes and cause a chemical
element to flow into their cells, killing them. This ___35___ differs from those used by other meat-eating mushrooms
and could be unique to oyster mushrooms.
For their new work, the researchers grew and analyzed samples of the mushroom’s tissue, finding no noticeable
poison even when they broke it up. They reasoned that whatever was killing the worms must be a kind of ___36___
compound that disappears into air when disturbed. When they damaged the oyster mushroom tissue again and
___37___ analyzed the nearby air, they finally found a nerve gas that turned out to be contained with tiny, special-
shaped structures on the mushroom surface. When nematodes touch the mushrooms, these structures ___38___ their
gas, disturbing the worms’ cell walls to cause immobility and death. The worm is then digested by the mushrooms.
Before this study, “we underestimated the ___39___ to which wild mushrooms defend against or consume
nematodes,” notes Nick Talbot, a geneticist at Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich, England. The study demonstrates
“a very ____40____ approach,” he adds. “These organisms are really difficult to work on, and Dr. Hsueh is showing
that you can do some really amazing work with them.”
.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. E 34. G 35 H 36. K 37. J 38. D 39. F 40. I
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，蚝菇可以利用一种特殊的有毒物质冷冻并清除食蘑菇的线虫。
【31题详解】考查动词。句意：蘑菇生长在营养不良的枯木上，然后吃掉蠕虫为了获取营养。分析句子可知，空格处应
填入谓语动词。根据空后for nutrition可知，这些蚝菇为了营养吃掉了蠕虫。根据句意，此处指“吃；消
耗”，故填consume。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该研究的资深作者说：“线虫恰好是这些蘑菇遇到的数量最多的动物。”根据空前 t
he most 可知，空处应填入形容词。根据句意，此处指“丰富的；充足的”，故填plentiful。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：所以我认为，从进化角度来看，这种跨王国的互动非常有趣。分析句子可知，空处应填
入副词作状语。根据句意，此处指“进化上”，故填evolutionarily。故选E。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：由遗传学家、生物化学家和生物学家组成的研究小组此前发现，蚝菇会释放一种未知的
有毒物质，这种物质会在几分钟内以某种方式冷冻蠕虫，并导致一种化学元素流入它们的细胞，杀死它们。
根据空前 will 可知，空处应填入动词原形。根据上文oyster mushrooms use a particular poisonous substance
to freeze 可知，蚝菇冷冻蠕虫，故此处指“冷冻”，故填freeze。故选G。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种机制不同于其他食肉蘑菇所使用的机制，可能是牡蛎蘑菇所独有的。根据空前 Thi
s 可知，空处应填入名词作主语。根据句意，此处指“机制”，故填mechanism。故选H。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们推断，杀死蠕虫的东西一定是一种不稳定的化合物，当受到干扰时会消失在空气
中。根据空后 compound可知，空处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“不稳定的”，故填
unstable。故选K。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：当他们再次破坏蚝菇组织并随后分析附近的空气时，他们最终发现了一种神经气体，这
种气体原来包含在蘑菇表面的微小异形结构中。分析句子可知，空处应填入副词作状语。根据句意，此处
指“随后”，故填subsequently。故选J。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：当线虫接触蘑菇时，这些结构会释放气体，扰乱蠕虫的细胞壁，导致其静止不动和死亡。
分析句子可知，空处应填入动词作谓语。根据句意，此处指“释放”，故填discharge。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这项研究之前，“我们低估了野生蘑菇抵御或消耗线虫的程度，”英国诺里奇塞恩斯
伯里实验室的遗传学家尼克·塔尔博特指出。根据空前 the以及空后的to可知，空处应填入名词。根据句
意，此处指“程度”，故填 extent。故选F。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他补充道，这项研究展示了“一种非常新颖的方法”。根据空前 a very可知，空处应
填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“新颖的”，故填novel。故选I。（2023年6月·上海高考真题）
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.unworkable B.indicative C.polar D.promising E.quantity
F.requests G.content H. vision I.evaluating J.unmet K.subscribing
Brainstorming is a creative process that can help generate new and innovative ideas to solve complex problems.
It involves bringing together individuals from diverse backgrounds and perspectives to share their ideas freely and
build upon each other's contributions. However, to make the most of this process, it is important to create an
environment that encourages active participation and collaboration. Here are some key principles to keep in mind
when conducting a brainstorming session.
Firstly, it is important to have a clear vision or goal for the brainstorming session. This will help guide the
discussion and ensure that all ideas generated are relevant to the topic at hand. Participants should be encouraged to
share their thoughts and ideas freely, without fear of judgment or criticism. By (31)________to each other's ideas,
individuals can build on each other's contributions and create a more comprehensive understanding of the problem.
When (32)________ the quality of ideas generated during a brainstorming session, it is important to consider
both the quantity and the (33)________ . While a high quantity of ideas can be beneficial,it is more important to
focus on the quality of the ideas and how well they align with the group's shared vision. Ideas that are (34)________ or
irrelevant to the group's goals should be discarded in favor of those that are more (35)________.
It is also important to honor (36)________ for more information or clarification on a particular idea. This can
help the group better evaluate the idea and determine whether it aligns with their shared vision. If an idea is deemed
unworkable or needs are (37)________ comprehensively, it is important to recognize this and move on to other ideas
that may be more feasible.
In addition to evaluating the quality of ideas, it is important to consider the content of the discussion. The
brainstorming session should be focused on generating new ideas and solutions.rather than rehashing old ones.
Participants should be encouraged to think creatively and outside the box, and to avoid getting bogged down in the
details.
The (38)________ of ideas generated during a brainstorming session can also be an important factor to consider.
While a high quantity of ideas is not always indicative of a successful session, it can help ensure that all possibilities are
explored and considered. Participants should be encouraged to generate as many ideas as possible, without worrying
about whether they are practical or feasible.
Ultimately, the success of a brainstorming session depends on the group's ability to work together towards a
shared (39)________. By creating a culture of subscribing to each other's ideas and evaluating them based on their
quality and relevance, we can generate innovative solutions to complex problems that benefit society as a whole.
Brainstorming is a powerful tool that can help us overcome the (40)________ that plagues our society, and create a
more collaborative and creative future.【答案】31. K 32.I 33.G 34.A 35. D 36.F 37.J 38.E 39. H 40.C
【导读】本文介绍了开展头脑风暴的关键原则。要成功地进行头脑风暴，必须创造一个鼓励积极参与和协
作的环境，并且明确会议的目标和愿景。参与者应该自由地分享他们的想法，而不用担心评判或批评。文
章还提到了如何评估头脑风暴中产生的想法的质量和数量，以及如何集中讨论新的想法和解决方案。最终，
成功的头脑风暴取决于团队合作实现共同目标的能力。
【详解】
31.K [解析]分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入动的-ing 形式，结合相关选项并根据该空后热及的
individuals can build on each other's contributions and create a more comprehensive understanding of the problem 可推
知，此处想要表达的是“通过认同 (subscribing)别人的观点，个人可以在彼此贡献的基础上，对问题有更
全面的理解”，故选 K。subscribe v. 捐助;签署;订阅;同意。
32.I [解析]分析句子结构可知，该空需要填入动词的分词形式，结合空格后提及的 the quality of ideas
generated during a brainstorming session (对于头脑风暴期间产生的想法的质量)可推知，该空应该填入评判类
的词，故此处想表述的是“在评估 (evaluating)头脑风暴期间产生的想法的质量时”，故选I。evaluate . 评
价: 评估。
33.G [解析]连词and 连接并列成分，and 前为名词，因此该空处需要填入名词。结合上文提及的 the quality
of ideas generated during a brainstorming session 可推知不仅仅要重视这些想法的数量质量，而且要重要审核
这些想法的内容。句意为:“在评估头脑风暴会议期间产生的想法的质量时，重要的是要考虑数量和内容
(content)”，故选G。Content n.内容;目录;含量;成分。
34.A [解析]根据系动词are 和连词or 及irrelevant 可知，该空需要填入形容词。结合该空之后提及的
irrelevant to the group's goals 可推知，此处想要表述的是“不可行 (unworkable)或与团队目标无关的想法应
该被抛弃”，故选A。unworkable adj.不可行的;行不通的:不切实际的。
35.D [解析]根据系动词 are 和比较级标志more 可知，该空需要填入形容词。结合上文提及的“需要放弃
与团队目标不相符的想法”推知，此处需要填入的是“应该接受什么样的观点”，D 项与上文所填词语含
义有反差，即此处的意思为“那些与团队目标无关的想法应该被抛弃，取而代之的是那些更有前途的
(promising)想法”，故选 D。promising adj, 有希望的:有前途的。
36.F [解析] 结合连词 or 之后的 clarification 推知，该空需要填入名词。再根据该空之后提及的 for more
information or clarification on a particular idea 以及该段相关内容可以推知,此处想要表达的是“在头脑风暴过
程中尊重相关要求和闸明观点也很重要”。句意为:“同样重要的是，满足获得更多信息的要求 (requests)或
明一个特定想法”。故选 F。requests n.要求;需要;申请书。
37.J [解析]分析句子结构可知，该空需要填入形容词，结合相关选项和该空前提及的If an idea is considered
unworkable 推知，此处想要表述的是“如果一个想法被认为是不可行的，或者需求没有得到全面满足
(unmet)，那么重要的是要认识到这一点，并转向其他可能更可行的想法”，故选 J。unmet adj.未满足的:未
相遇的:未应付的。
38.E [解析]结合下句提及的 While a high quantity of ideas is not always indicative of successful session, it can
help ensure that all possibilities are explored and considered.和下文相关内容可推知，该段讲述的内容与头脑风
暴产生的观点的数量有关。句意为:“头脑风暴会议期间产生的想法数量(quantity)也是一个需要考虑的重要
因素”。故选E。quantity n.数量数额:大量; 众多。39.H [解析]根据空格前的冠词 a 可知，该空需要填入可数名词的单数形式，又结合该空后趣及的 By
creating a culture of subscribing to each other's ideas and evaluating them based on their quality and relevance, we
can generate innovative solutions to complex problems that benefit society as a whole.可知，这句是对上句内容
的解释，再结合选项推知，此处想表达的意思是“最终，头脑风暴的成功取决于团队为实现共同愿景
(vision)而共同努力的能力”，故选 H。vision n.视力:视野;远见卓识。
40.C [解析]根据空格前的 the和空格后的名词可知，该空需要填入形容词，再结合该空之后捷及的 that
causes our society physical and mental disturbances, and create a more collaborative and creative future 可推知，
要创造更具协作性和创造性的未来需要克服一些相反的观点，即此处句意为“头脑风暴是一种强大的工具，
可以帮助我们克服造成我们社会的两极(polar)现象，创造一个更具协作性和创造性的未来”，故选 C。
polar adj.极地的:磁极的:完全相反的。
