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考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲

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考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲
考点04高考高频考点动词时态&语态(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮_备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(北京专用)_语法考点精讲

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考点 04 高考高频考点动词时态&语态(核心考点精讲精练) 1. 高考真题考点分布 动词 题型 考查方向 考频 考点 (throw) --- threw 2023 动的时态 3 (arrive)-------had arrived establish)------has established catch---------caught 2022 动的时态 3 语法填空 have------has increase-----has increased connect--------connects 2021 动的时态 2 be------has been 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 阅读理解:考查动词或短语的词义辨析及熟词生义; 完形填空:主要考查在特定语境中动词和动词短语的熟词生义和词义辨析。动词词义辨析题主要考查 结合语境区分动词词义的能力,在平时的学习中应当掌握常用动词的基本意义,注意一词多义和熟词生义; 养成推敲句子的含义以及对语境理解的习惯。 语法填空 : 考查动词作谓语和非谓语的用法,动词和其它词的搭配, 【备考策略】 1.长难句中首先考虑找到谓语,提炼句子的主干; 2.解决熟词生义时务必瞻前顾后,根据上下文进行合理推断; 3. 掌握谓语的考点和解题策略; 4. 掌握非谓语的考点和解题策略; 5. 在复杂语境中根据前后文进行词类转换。 【命题预测】 预计2025年的高考动词和动词短语考查语境复杂化和综合化的特点。动词(Verbs) 重点用法① 动词的种类 用法:1.行为动词:包括及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词必须带宾语;不及物动词不能直接带宾语,但 跟一个介词后,就可带介词宾语。 He sent me a new bike.他送了我一辆新的自行车。 Keith works hard.基思工作努力。 I’m waiting for you.我正在等你。 2.系动词:本身有词义,与后面的表语构成合成谓语。常见的系动词除be以外,还有look,feel,taste, get,turn,keep,smell,become等。 Jack is twelve years old.杰克12岁。 It gets cold.天气变冷了。 3.助动词:本身没有词义,只是帮助行为动词构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气以及构成疑问句和否定句 等。常见的助动词有be,have,do,will,shall等。 He will go back.他要回来了。 It is made in China.它是中国制造的。 I haven’t had my breakfast yet.我还没吃早饭呢。 4.情态动词:有词义但并不完全,不能单独作谓语,要与行为动词连用,表示能力、许可、可能性、必要、 意图等。情态动词后多跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有 can,must,may,need, shall,will,could,should,would等。 Birds can fly.鸟会飞。 May I come in?我可以进来吗? 重点用法② 动词第三人称单数的构成 用法:1.一般情况下,在词尾加-s。 help→helps know→knows 2.以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。 guess→guesses do→does 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es。 fly→flies try→tries 重点用法③ 动词过去式和过去分词的构成 用法:1.一般情况下,在词尾加-ed。work→worked→worked open→opened→opened 2.以字母e结尾的动词,在词尾加-d。 close→closed→closed live→lived→lived 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。 study→studied→studied try→tried→tried 4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-ed。 play→played→played stay→stayed→stayed 5.末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词(x除外),双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。 stop→stopped→stopped regret→regretted→regretted 6.以重读r音节结尾的动词,先双写r,再加-ed。 refer→referred→referred prefer→preferred→preferred 提示:动词过去式和过去分词的不规则变化主要有四种形式: (1)A→A→A型:set→set→set (2)A→B→A型:run→ran→run (3)A→B→B型:win→won→won (4)A→B→C型:see→saw→seen 重点用法④ 动词现在分词的构成 用法:1.一般情况下,在词尾加-ing。 drink→drinking catch→catching 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加-ing。 take→taking make→making 3.以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写辅音字母,再加-ing。 beg→begging begin→beginning 4.以ie结尾的重读开音节的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing。 die→dying lie→lying 提示:以y结尾的动词,y不变,直接加-ing;少数以oe,ye等不发音的e结尾的动词,不去e,直接加- ing。 play→playing dye→dyeing 语法填空里面动词填空,占比很大。动词解题,可能是原形,谓语动词,非谓语动词,词形状换。如 果确定需要谓语动词,则主要考虑三个方面:时态,语态,主谓一致。 Ⅰ、定义与分类1、时态 时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的 方式。 动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式, 动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。 将时间形式和动作方式结合起来,就构成了英语的16种时态形式。 时态表解 do did 1、一般现在时 does  2、一般过去时 was am, is, are were 1)经常,重复,客观事实,真理或格言。 1)过去习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 2)every day,every few years, once a week, 2)in the past, every day last year, on Sundays last twice a year, often, usually, constantly, year, yesterday, ...ago, just now(刚才), the other frequently, always, sometimes, seldom(很少), day(前几天), last year/night/month hardly, on Sunday =every Sunday am was 3、现在进行时 is doing  4、过去进行时 doing are were 1)正在 1)过去正在。 2)now, at the moment, at present, for the time 2)at 3 o'clock yesterday; this time last month, 由 being(现在),right now when 引起的句中, while两端都用进行时 has 5、现在完成时 done → 6、过去完成时 had done have 1)已经 1)以前,曾经。过去的过去 2)since+过去,主句: 现完。in/ over/ for/ by the end of during the past/last 30 years, lately, recently, by the time just (刚刚), so far, by now, up to now; up until three days before now (直到现在), already(肯); yet(否, 疑) two weeks earlier has 7、现在完成进行时 been doing → 8、过去完成进行时 had been doing have 一直 一直 9、现在将来时 will do → 10、过去将来时 would do 1)将,会2)soon, tomorrow, this evening, tonight, in 5 hours, after 5 o’clock, in the future, 将,会 next year/ month/ morning/ Sunday/ week 2、语态 英语动词有2种语态:主动语态和被动语态:【be done】 语态表解 am was 1、一般现在时 is done 2、一般过去时 done are were 被 被 am was 3、现在进行时 is being done 4、过去进行时 being done are were 正在被 正在被 has 5、现在完成时 been done →6、过去完成时 had been done have 已经被 曾经被,以前被 7、现在将来时 will be done →8、过去将来时 would be done 将被,会被 将被,会被 Ⅱ、时态种类 一、一般现在时 1、构成 1.主语+be+其他 2.主语+do+其他 3.主语+does+其他 情况 变化规则 例词 一般情况 直接加s work-works learn-learns come-comes play-plays want-wants need-needs 结尾为s, x, ch, sh, o 在词尾加es pass-passes discuss-discusses fix-fixes teach-teaches wash-washes do-does 结尾为“辅音字母加y” 变y为i再加es study-studies carry-carries cry-cries worry-worries 注:have 的单数第三人称形式为has。2、用法 1.表示主语现在的特征、性格和状态 —Do you sing? —A little. She is at home. 2.表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常用的时间状语:always, often, usually, frequently, seldom, sometimes, every day/week/month/year... She visits her parents every day. He always sleeps with the windows open. Students often travel hundreds of miles to get here. 3.表示客观真理、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。 The earth moves around the sun. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Summer follows spring. 4.在时间、条件、让步状语从句中遵守“主将从现”, 即:主句使用一般将来时,从句使用一般现在时。 The volleyball match will be put off if it rains. I’ll give her the telex when she comes. 5.表示按时间表、计划、规定发生的动作。限于 begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一类动词。 The train starts at 10 o' clock in the morning. The plane for Wuhan takes off at 8:30 this morning. 二、一般过去时 1、构成 1.动词 be → was, were 2.动词 have, has → had 3.助动词do, does → did 4.行为动词用过去式 情况 变化规则 例词 一般情况 直接加ed look—looked watch—watched stay—stayed expect—expected 以e结尾的动词 在词尾加d hope—hoped like—liked 以“辅音字母加y”结尾 变y为i再加ed study—studied carry—carried cry—cried worry—worried 以重读闭音节或/r/音节结 双写词尾的辅音字 stop—stopped clap—clapped 尾,词尾只有一个辅音字 母再加ed plan—planned prefer—preferred 母时 refer—referred beg—begged admit—admitted permit—permitted 2、用法 1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常用的时间状语有: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, last month, ... We went to the cinema last night. We had lunch the other day at our favorite restaurant. 注:表示过去的一系列动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用 an d 连结。如: He stood up, looked around and left. 2.表示在过去一段时间内的经常性、反复性或习惯性动作。 常用的时间状语有:every day, often, sometimes... used to , would常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为。 We often played together when we were children. In the year 1775, there was a wine shop. We used to get up at five every morning when were at school. 三、一般将来时 1、构成 1.will+do (I /we shall) 2.be going to+do 3.be+to do 4. be about to do sth 5.be+doing 现在进行时 6.一般现在时 2、用法 1. 【will+do】表示客观上势必将要发生的事情或临时做出的打算。 常用的时间状语有:next time, tomorrow, before long, later on, in the future... I’ll (shall / will) do a better job next time. The concert will start in a minute. 2. 【be going to+do】表示主观计划,打算做某事或根据某种迹象表明某事即将发生。 We are not going to stay there long. I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain. 3.【be+to do】表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。 He is to leave for Beijing tomorrow. Tell him he’s not to be back late. No student is to leave the room. 4.【be about to do sth】表示不久或即将要发生的动作,一般不与具体时间状语连用。 Look! The race is about to start. The autumn harvest is about to start. 【be about to do sth when 正准备做某事突然...】 5.【be+doing】表示将来,表示计划好或准备要做某事 The ship is leaving for New York soon. He is coming up to Beijing University next term. 6.【一般现在时】表示将来,按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。 The train leaves at 7:25 this evening. 四、过去将来时 1、构成1.would do 2.was/were going to, was/were to do, was/were about to do 2、用法 表示从过去某一时间看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句中。 She said she would be there at seven o'clock. He said he would wait for us at the bus stop. She was about to walk out of the door when the telephone rang. 五、现在完成时【不与具体的过去时间状语或 when 连用】 1、构成 have/has done 2、用法 1.表示过去的动作或事情对现在所造成的影响。 常用的时间状语有:recently, lately, before, yet, ever, never, once, just... The house has changed hands several times recently. I haven't heard any news from my son lately. 2.表示从过去某一时刻开始持续到现在的动作,这一动作还可能持续下去。 常用的时间状语有:since, up till now, so far, for a long time, in the last/past few years... He has worked in the factory since last year. Yet this system has worked pretty well up till now. 3.表示“这是第几次做某事”。 This/It is+the first/second...+( that ) + 从句,从句用现在完成时 This is the first time I have eaten dumplings. It is the fourth time that she has made such a mistake. 六、过去完成时 1、构成 had done 2、用法 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作。【过去的过去】 When we arrived, he had already left. 2.表示开始于过去某一时间的动作或状态延续到过去另一时间,并且可能持续下去,常与for, since连用。 These neighboring states had lived in peace for centuries. 3. 表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或计划,主要用于 hope, want, expect, think, suppose, plan, mean, intend 等动词。 I had meant to come, but something happened. We had thought to return early but they wouldn’t let us go. I had intended to make a cake, but I ran out of time. 4.表示“这是第几次做某事”。 This/It was+the first/second...+( that ) + 从句, 从句用过去完成时。 This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years.It was the first time we had spoken together. 5. 表示“一...就...”。 “hardly/scarcely...when...”和“no sooner... than...”,主句用过去完成时。 We had no sooner left the village than it began to rain. → No sooner had we left the village than it began to rain. The game had hardly begun when it started raining. → Hardly had the game begun when it started raining. 七、现在进行时 1、构成 am / is /are + doing 2、用法 1.表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。 We are working in a factory these days. We are working under extreme pressure at the moment. 3.与often, always, constantly, frequently, continually, forever, all the time等连用,表示赞叹、赞扬、厌恶、 不满等感情色彩。 He's always quarrelling with others. She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 4. come, go, start, open, close, arrive, return, begin, leave等动词用于进行时,表示按计划、安排即将发生 的动作。 They are leaving for New York tomorrow. The company is opening a new flagship store in London. 八、过去进行时 1、构成 was / were + doing 2、用法 1.表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。常与过去的时间状语连用。 I was having a shower at that time. It was raining when they left the station. 2.表示过去一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。 When Paul knocked at the door Jim was watching TV in the living room. 3.与always, all the time, forever, frequently等连用,表示说话人的感叹、厌恶等情绪。 He was always showing off at parties when young. She was forever complaining.4. come, go, arrive, begin, leave等动词用于过去进行时,表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作。 I phoned my mother to ask what time she was coming home. I had a pretty good idea what she was going to do. 1.I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】threw 【详解】 考查动词时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,我感到 非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情, 应用一般过去时。故填threw。 2.This device, however (use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】uses 【详解】 考查时态。句意:然而,这一设备使用了一个热电发电机,利用温差产生能量。此处 this device作主语, 为单数,与谓语动词use之间为主动关系,且根据后文的creates可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在 时,故填uses。 3.There (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. (所给词的适当形式填 空) 【答案】has been 【详解】考查时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,在过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,主 要是由全球气温上升引起的。根据时间状语 over the past 20 years 可知句子用现在完成时态。 根据a dramatic可知谓语用单数。故填has been。 1.In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears (produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were produced 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意:在实验中,研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。 根据“they were”可知,主句为一般过去时,主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填were produced。 2 . I decided to volunteer for this year’s half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee (visit) my school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】visited【详解】 考查动词时态。句意:在组委会主席参观我的学校后,我决定志愿参加今年的半程马拉松比赛。句子陈述 过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填visited。 3.It (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impacts 【详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:它影响下半身的正常形成。分析句子可知,impact作谓语,it指代上文 提到的CRS,主语和谓语之间是主动关系,且主语是单数,谓语动词用单数,讲述事实用一般现在时,故 填impacts。 1.According to Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata, across Africa, all giraffe populations (decline) by over 70 percent in the past 20 years from 36,000 to less than 9,000 today. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have declined 【详解】考查动态语态和主谓一致。句意:根据Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata的数据,在整个非洲,长 颈鹿的数量在过去的20年里减少了70%以上,从36000只减少到现在的不到9000只。decline(减少,下降) 是句中谓语动词,与主语giraffe populations之间是主动关系,句中有时间状语in the past 20 years,描述从 过去开始持续到现在的动作,应使用现在完成时态,主语是复数名词,谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上, 谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态,复数形式。故填have declined。 2.Chang Shana, an outstanding designer and educator in China, was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang (begin). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】began 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:中国杰出的设计师和教育家常莎娜13岁时就爱上了敦煌。根据上文“was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang”可知用一般过去时。故填began。 3.Young athletes (wear) sports clothing bearing Chinese elements, such as dragons and pandas. (所给 词的适当形式填空) 【答案】wore 【详解】考查时态。句意:年轻的运动员穿着带有中国元素的运动服,比如龙和熊猫。句子描述过去的事 情,时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式wore,故填wore。 4.In the past decades, with the rapid development of science and technology, our daily life (change) a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has changed 【详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的几十年里,随着科学技术的飞速发展,我们的日常生活改变了很多。 根据本句的时间状语in the past decades可知,该句子应该用现在完成时。故填has changed。5.The country will carry out three more missions -the launch of the Tianzhou-5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou-15 crewed spaceship, as well as bringing theShenzhou-14 crew back to Earth -before it (complete) the in- orbit construction of the space station by the end of this year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】completes 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在今年年底完成空间站在轨建设之前,中国还将执行三项任务 ——发射天舟5号货运飞船和神舟15号载人飞船,以及将神舟14号载人飞船带回地球。before引导时间 状语从句表将来时,常用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填completes。 6.The host (contact) me in advance by the time he reached the pub packed with people. (所给词的适 当形式填空) 【答案】had contacted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:当主人到达挤满了人的酒吧时,他已经提前和我联系了。分析句子可知, 此处为谓语动词的填入,结合该句时间状语 by the time he reached…可知,此处应为过去完成时。故填had contacted。 7.Between rows of trees (stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library. (所给词的 适当形式填空) 【答案】stands 【详解】考查倒装句。句意:在一排排树之间矗立着一座新建筑,它应该是我们的新图书馆。分析句子可 知,句子为完全倒装句,句子的主语为a new building,空处应为谓语动词,由is supposed to可知,句子应 用一般现在时,单数名词作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填stands。 8.At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. (所给词的 适当形式填空) 【答案】lies 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:山顶上有一座古老的小屋,从那里可以看到整个城市的美景。分析可知, 本句为地点状语置于句首的全部倒装句,空处为主句谓语动词,根据后文has可知,此处为一般现在时。 主语an old cottage是单数,主谓一致,故填lies。 9.It is the second time in a row that Suzhou (top) the ranking. (所给词的适当形式填 空) 【答案】has topped 【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句意:这是苏州连续第二次荣登榜首。观察句子可知,这是固定句型: It’s+序数词+time+that+从句,从句中要用现在完成时,主语 Suzhou为单数形式,助动词用has。故填has topped。 10.These beautiful blackfaced spoonbills are some of the world's rarest birds. The birds (fly) all the way from their summer home to this wetland, where they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and land. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have flown 【详解】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意:这些美丽的黑脸琵鹭是世界上最稀有的鸟类之一。这些鸟 从它们夏天的家一路飞到这片湿地,它们将在这里过冬。现在,它们盘旋着陆。所给动词 fly在句中作谓语,根据“this wetland”及“where they will spend the winter”可知,这种鸟现在已到达此地,将在此地过冬, 由此可知,该空应使用现在完成时态,主语为复数名词,助动词使用复数形式。故填have flown。 1.Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it (pass) and is beyond our control. 【答案】has passed 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:生活教会我们不要后悔昨天的事情,因为它已经过去,我们无 法掌控。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语,应填动词;其主语为it,二者之间为主动关系,应用主动 语态;结合句意可知,此处表示“昨天已经过去”,动作发生在过去,到现在已经完成,并对现在产生影 响,故应用现在完成时 have/has done结构,主语为第三人称单数,故谓语也用第三人称单数。故填 has passed。 2.Experts say these texts could prove the government in the third century BC handed out cruel punishments to people who (break) these rules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】broke 【详解】 考查时态。句意:专家们说,这些文本可以证明公元前三世纪的政府对违反这些规则的人施以残酷的惩罚。 分析句子可知,定语从句中缺少谓语动词。根据句中时间状语in the third century BC可知,发生在过去的 事情,用一般过去时。故填broke。 3.A white telephone booth (电话亭), known as the Phone of the Wind, (sit) in a garden on top of a hill. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sits 【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一座白色的电话亭,被称为“风的电话”,坐落在山顶的花园里。根据文章 时态可知,用一般现在时。主语为 A white telephone booth,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 sits。 4.You can charge them at maximum rate and the rest of the energy (go) out as heat. (所给词的适当形 式填空) 【答案】goes 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:你可以用最高功率给它们充电,剩余的能量将以热量的形式跑 出来。描述事实用一般现在时,主语是不可数名词,谓语用单数。故填goes。 5.The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope (belong) to someone else. (所给词的 适当形式填空) 【答案】belonged 【详解】考查时态。句意:她唯一知道的是那个信封里的现金属于别人。was后为表语从句,本空为从句 谓语,根据语境和was可知事情发生在过去,故时态用一般过去时,用belong“属于”的过去式。故填 belonged。 6.The scientific literature evaluating these techniques (stretch) back decades and across thousands ofarticles. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stretches 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:评估这些技术的科学文献可以追溯到几十年前,有数千篇文章。 stretch back追溯到。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语是The scientific literature,谓语动词用第三人称 单数形式。故填stretches。 7.It was the first time she (leave) her motherland. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had left 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意:这是她第一次离开祖国。“It was +第几次+ that sb. had done sth.”表 示“这是某人第几次做某事”,为固定结构,故本空用leave“离开”的过去完成时形式had left。故填had left。 8.I (intend) to say hello to Linda, but she got into her car and drove off before I could say a word. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:我本想跟琳达打声招呼,但我还没来得及说一句话,她就上了车开走了。 分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,由后面 got into her car and drove off before I could say a word“没来 得及说一句话,她就上了车开走了”由此可知,此处为过去的过去,即过去完成时。故填had intended。 9.Two years ago, she bought an expensive bike and then she (persuade) me to buy one. (所给词的适 当形式填空) 【答案】persuaded 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:两年前,她买了一辆昂贵的自行车,然后说服我买一辆。and连接两个并 列分句,表示顺承,根据and前面分句中的bought和句中的时间状语Two years ago,这里表示过去发生的 事情,应用一般过去时。故填persuaded。 10.It (bother) me to think of her alone in that big house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bothers 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:一想到她一个人在那所大房子里,我就很烦恼。空格处作谓语,根据句意 应用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填bothers。 (2023·北京·高考真题) 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 34 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 35 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 36 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】34.threw 35.exactly 36.had arrived 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。34.考查动词时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,我 感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知,句子陈述过去发生的 事情,应用一般过去时。故填threw。 35.考查副词。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,我感到 非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time,应用副词exactly,作状语。故填exactly。 36.考查动词时态。句意:多年以后,搬到法国后,我在约定的时间赴宴,却发现没有其他客人到场,女 主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前,属于“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。 故填had arrived。 (2023·北京·高考真题) 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 37 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 38 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 39 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】37.seen 38.cities 39.has established 【导语】本文是说明文。红树林,生长在陆地和海洋之间,有助于软化海浪,保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭, 到目前为止,中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。 37.考查状语从句的省略。句意:从远处看,红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的 省略,当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时,且从句含有be动词,从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句 中,主语为the mangrove forests,和动词see是被动关系,从句应用一般现在时的被动语态,完整形式为 when they are seen from afar,省略主语和be动词,故填seen。 38.考查名词复数。句意:红树林有助于软化海浪,保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾 语,为可数名词,应用复数形式表泛指,故填cities。 39.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前 为止)可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。 (2022·北京·高考真题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 34 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 35 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 36 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】34.in 35.to harm 36.caught 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 34.考查介词。句意:深夜,海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”,固定搭配。故 in。35.考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。分析句子结构,可知空处应填非 谓语动词的形式,have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”,固定搭配,不定式作后置定语。故填 to harm。 36.考查动词时态。句意:最终,那个男人追上了她,他只是想把她的钱包还给她!结合句意空处应填谓 语动词的形式,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填caught。 (2022·北京·高考真题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 40 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 41 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 42 (bad). The use of those plastics 43 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】40.themselves 41.which 42.worse 43.has increased 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时,也增加了塑料产品的使用,造成了环境污染。 【详解】1.考查反身代词。句意:因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭,所以他们叫外卖或 者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语,当主语和宾语为同一物时,宾语要用反身代词。所以此 处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.考查定语从句。句意:这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子,其中大多数(东西)只能使用一次。分析可知,most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句;先行词为 cups, bottles, and bags,在从句中 作介词of的宾语,所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 3.考查比较级。句意:这是个大问题,而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前,所以此处用 worse,故填worse。 4.考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019,可知此 处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has increased。 (2021·北京·高考真题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream?Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse 34 (idea).Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 35 happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it 36 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story,and you get a dream. 【答案】34.ideas 35.that 36.connects 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。 34.考查可数名词的数。句意:科学家们还不能完全确定,他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的,多种多样 的”,形容词作定语,后接可数名词复数;idea想法,可数名词。故填ideas。 35.考查定语从句。句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切,试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起 来。分析句子结构可知,空处需用连接词引导定语从句,先行词是不定代词 everything,关系词在定语从 句中作主语,所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。36.考查时态。句意:当它连接事物时,你的大脑将它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句 谓语动词turns可知,空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数it,所以空处谓语动词 需用单数。故填connects。 (2021·北京·高考真题)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单 词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 40 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 41 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 42 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 43 (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】40.has been 41.caused 42.resulting 43.to invest 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是 由全球气温上升造成的,引发重大自然灾害,造成了极大的经济损失,因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。 40.考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在 很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知,此处使用现在完成时,a dramatic rise是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 41.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾 关系,应用过去分词,表被动。故填caused。 42.考查非谓语动词。句意:2000年至2019年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起,造成经济损失2.97万 亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系,且表示一种自然的结果, 应用现在分词,作结果状语。故填resulting。 43.考查非谓语动词。句意:研究结果表明,急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知,此处表示未来的动作, 应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to invest。