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考点 06 定语从句 （核心考点精讲精练）
【近年真题考点分布】
高考考点 语法填空之定语从句
72.正如预期的那样，艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣（generate）
________________________________________________________________________
⏩参考答案：
As is expected, Art Festival has generated students’ interest in folk culture.
/As (was) expected, the art festival generated the tourists’/visitors’ interest in folk culture.
【解析】考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as翻译成“正如”；整个句子可以处理成
主从复合句，主句部分为简单的主谓宾结构。
75.这部电视连续剧的剧情围绕某一虚拟的华南城市展开，在剧中汽车工业一直是该
2023上海秋考 城市的骄傲。（where）
________________________________________________________________________
⏩参考答案：
The plot of this TV series revolves around a fictional city in southern China, where the auto
industry has always been the pride of the city.
解析：考查where引导非限制定语从句；本题难度较大。需要注意，where作为定
语从句中的关系副词，需要出现在表示地点的名词或代词之后，且从句部分不缺少
主干成分。
Young Enterprise primarily meets the needs of young people ( 23 )__________ are still at
school, giving them an understanding of industry and the opportunities it may offer them in
the future.
2023上海春考
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。这里使用关系代词作为介绍 young people的定语从句，修
饰"young people"，指代"young people"，做主语，指人，可以使用"who/that"。
This technique may involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry specific
materials Conversations with consumers also facilitate the identification of their
frustrations and negative experiences, (27) ________they may use to enhance a firm.
2022上海秋考
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处考查的是定语从句，their frustrations and
negative experiences 在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物，故填入which。句意:与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公
司。
The light is called the aurora. Usually you can see it only at the very north of the earth,
(23)_______it is called aurora borealis or Northerm Lights, or at the very south, where it is
the aurora australis or Southern Lights.
【答案】where
2022上海春考
[解析]考查定语从句。根据后面的“or at the very south,where it is the aurora australis
or Southern Lights.”可知此处同样是一个定语从句，也是用关系副词where 作后面从
句的地点状语。故填入 where。句意:通常，你只能在地球的最北边看到它，在那里
它被称为北极光，或者在地球的最南边，它被称为南极光。
【思维导图】【知识梳理】
考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语、状语
whose 人或物 定语as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
先行词是all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing
等不定代词时
关系代词that
只用that 先行词被the only，the very，the same，all等修饰时
和which的用
的情况 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修
法区别
饰
先行词既有人又有物时
只用which 引导非限制性定语从句时
的 关系代词指物，且前有介词时情况
as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，
正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say，mention，report
关系代词as和
等
which
which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译
的区别
为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果
关系
The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to
learn about China.
考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用
when 时间名词 时间状语
地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，
where 地点状语
activity，case，stage等)
why the reason 原因状语
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?
考点三：非限制性定语从句
1. 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去 掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。
e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。）
2. which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。
e. g. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages，which surprises all the people present.
(一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。）
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，还可把all, some，most, none或both加上of which或of whom来修饰或限定先
行词。
e. g. He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(他深深地爱着他的父母，他们对他非常好。）
考点四：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体关
系。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.
科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the
＋名词＋of whom”。
The newlybuilt café，the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for
us，especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
考点五： 关系代词as和which的区别
1. 位置不同。
as引导的定语从句可位于句首、句中、句末；which引导的定语从句不能位于句首。
As we all know, life is not a bed of roses.
Life is not a bed of roses, which we all know.
2. 意义不同。as意为“正如，就像”，引导的从句表达人的观点、事物的习惯性等意义，主要起承上启下的作用；
which意为“这一点”，引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，补充说明主句的状态或结果。
As often happened, they won the football game again.
It rained heavily, which prevented us from going out.
3. 当先行词被such, so, as等词修饰时，一般用as引导定语从句。
Such books as you want are sold out.
（2024年宝山区二模）
Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does. It still catches fish, but no one benefits. Trapped fish die and
attract scavengers (清道夫)____23____ also get caught, creating a vicious cycle.
【答案】 23. which##that
【23题详解】考查定语从句。句意：被困的鱼死亡，吸引食腐动物，食腐动物也被捕获，形成恶性循环。
此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是scavengers，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词which或that。
故填which或that。
（2024年崇明区二模）
The group of 16 dancers, originating from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province, ___23___
the art form originated, offered a sensory cultural feast (盛宴) to the people of the United Kingdom.
【答案】 23. where
【23题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这支由 16名舞者组成的舞团，来自中国南部广东省潮汕地区，
是这种艺术形式的发源地，他们为英国人民提供了一场感官上的文化盛宴。分析句子可知，空处引导非限
制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the Chaoshan region”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。
故填where。
（2024年虹口区二模）
The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places ____22____ people routinely ignore filming
restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least.
【答案】22. where
【22题详解】考查定语从句。句意：音乐会、电影院和其他人们经常忽视拍摄限制的地方也是如此。分析
句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句。先行词为 places，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词
where引导定语从句。故填where。
（2024年黄浦区二模）
If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or
uneven ground, ____30____ accidents are more likely to occur.【答案】 30. where
【30题详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你一边走路一边使用电子设备，在楼梯、人行横道和杂乱或不平
整的地面附近停下来，因为这些地方更容易发生事故。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 stairs, crosswalks and
messy or uneven ground，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
（2024年嘉定区二模）
I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open, but the force of the water wouldn’t let me do so. I looked around and
grabbed a broom _____27_____was floating behind me.
【答案】27. that##which
【27题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我环顾四周，抓住了漂浮在我身后的一把扫帚。定语从句修饰先行词
broom，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。
（2024年静安区二模）
The composer, Hamish Oliver, ___6___ used the baroque tradition as a starting point and drew inspiration from
composers such as Corelli, Bach, and Schnittke, wanted the piece to be playful by including sounds from a chicken’s
world.
【答案】6. who
【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：作曲家哈米什·奥利弗(Hamish Oliver)以巴洛克传统为出发点，从科雷
利(Corelli)、巴赫(Bach)和施尼特克(Schnittke)等作曲家那里汲取灵感，他希望这首曲子能通过加入鸡的世
界的声音而变得有趣。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Hamish Oliver，
表示人，关系词作从句主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
（2024年闵行区二模）
But like all performances, there are moments ___27___ things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready
for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said,
“Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them back.”
【答案】
27. when
【27题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但就像所有的表演一样，也有出错的时候。此处为定语从句，先行词为 moments，
从句缺少时间 状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
（2023·上海静安·统考二模）
There is evidence that teachers, ____8____ in various cases use arms and hand movements in lessons, achieve
better teaching results.
【答案】8．who
8．考查定语从句。句意：有证据表明，在各种情况下，教师在课堂上使用手臂和手的动作，取得了更好的教学效果。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词teachers，在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。
（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion ___13___has yet to run out of fuel.
【答案】 13．that/which
13．考查定语从句。句意：她说，那天晚上看月食唤醒了她的激情，她的激情还没有耗尽。修饰先行词
passion，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that/which。故填that/which。
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）
The newly-found orchid is beautiful. It is pink and white, it has a central stem, around ___23___ grow tiny, bell-
shaped flowers, and its delicate petals (花瓣) look like they are made from glass.
【答案】23．which
23．考查定语从句。句意：它是粉红色和白色的，它有一个中央茎，周围生长着细小的钟形花朵，它精致
的花瓣看起来像玻璃做的。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词 stem是物，
因此空格处用which，故填which。
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）
Catfishing is an online cheat ___33___ someone on a social media platform pretends to be someone they’re not.
【答案】 33．where
33．考查定语从句关系词。句意：Catfishing是一种网络欺骗，指某人在社交媒体平台上伪装成别人。分析
句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是online cheat，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填
where。
（2023·上海松江·统考二模）
Studies have shown that low-level physical activities ___41___ use gentle stretching, like yoga or tai chi, help
with sleep quality.
【答案】41．that/which
41．考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，轻度伸展的低水平体育活动，如瑜伽或太极，有助于提高睡眠质量。
分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词activities指的是物，所
以使用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。
（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）
They can help to keep morale (士气) and provide a sense of normalcy (正常) on missions ___58___ all the conditions
are distinctively different from the earth.
【答案】 58．where58．考查定语从句。句意：它们可以帮助保持士气，并在所有条件与地球截然不同的任务中提供一种正常
的感觉。定语从句修饰先行词missions，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）
An exclamation mark is a valid form of punctuation ____65____ origin can be traced back to a 14th century Italian
scholar.
【答案】 65．whose
65．考查定语从句。句意：感叹号是一种有效的标点符号，它的起源可以追溯到14世纪的一位意大利学者。
分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词An exclamation mark在从句中作origin的定语成分，应用关系
代词whose。故填whose。
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）
The letters ___74___ (address) to my mother in 1974 over the course of a month when my father traveled back
to Italy to care for his sick mother, leaving his wife and me behind in Toronto, ___75___ my parents had immigrated
to in 1956.
【答案】 75．which
75．考查定语从句。句意：这些信是1974年写给我母亲的，当时父亲回到意大利照顾他生病的母亲，把妻
子和我留在了多伦多，我的父母1956年移民到多伦多。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性
定语从句，从句中缺少介词to的宾语，先行词为Toronto指物。故填which。
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）
GPT-4 will initially be available to ChatGPT Plus subscribers, _____88_____ pay $20 per month for easy access to the
service. It’s already powering Microsoft’s Bing search engine platform.
【答案】 88．who
88．考查定语从句。句意：T-4最初将提供给ChatGPT Plus用户，他们每月支付20美元即可轻松使用该服
务。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为ChatGPT Plus subscribers，为人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语
故填who。
（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）
According to a study at the University of Iowa named In one ear and out the other, a group of students participated
in two experiments in ____99____ they listened to sounds, looked at images and held objects.
【答案】
99．which
99．考查定语从句。句意：根据爱荷华大学一项名为“一只耳朵进另一只耳朵出”的研究，一组学生参加
了两个实验，他们分别听声音、看图像和拿着物体。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定
语从句，先行词是experiments，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）
Han Zheming has managed to perfect the skill, creating tea art in cups, or dian cha in Chinese, __21__ used to be
a ritual during the Song Dynasty.
【答案】21．which
21．考查定语从句。句意：韩喆明设法完善了这项技能，创造了杯茶艺术，或中国的点茶，这曾经是宋朝
的一种仪式。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词dian cha进行限
定说明，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个指物的关系代词，代替先行词dian cha在从句中
作主语，所以应该用关系代词which。故填which。
Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and boomed throughout the Song Dynasty,
__26__ tea became a necessity for almost everyone, from nobles and scholars to common people, just like other
essential items, such as rice, oil and salt,
【答案】26．when
26．考查定语从句。句意：中国茶文化在唐朝开始流行，并在整个宋朝蓬勃发展，当时茶几乎成为每个人
的必需品，从贵族、学者到普通人，就像宋政治家和思想家王安石所说的，茶就像大米、油和盐等其他必
需品一样。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Song Dynasty进
行限定说明，因为从句中缺少时间状语，所以空格处应该填入关系副词when。故填when。
语法单句填空练习（定语从句）
1．The Internet has now become the first place the majority of people turn to for information. (用适当
的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：互联网现在已经成为大多数人获取信息的首选之地。空处引导定语从句，
先行词是place，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，应用关系代词that，故填that。
2．Occasions are quite rare I have the time to have a formal dinner with my kids. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很少有时间和孩子们一起吃正式的晚餐。空处引导定语从句，先行词
occasions，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。
3．TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a social media platform short videos can be edited and
uploaded easily.【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：TikTok，在中国被称为抖音，是一个可以轻松编辑和上传短视频的社交媒
体平台。______ short videos can be edited and uploaded easily.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a social media
platform，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。故填where。
4．The teacher didn’t know the reason she was late for school. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师不知道她上学迟到的原因。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行
词为 the reason，在从句中作原因状语，所以此空应用关系副词why。故填why。
5．The talented composer and singer showed us around his studio he composed the song Forever
Young. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位才华横溢的作曲家兼歌手带我们参观了他的工作室，在那里他创作了
歌曲《永远年轻》。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词 his studio。先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副
词where引导该从句。故填where。
6．They have developed their friendship to a stage they share happiness and sufferings. (用适当的词
填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们的友谊已经到达了可以分享痛苦和幸福的阶段。此处引导定语从句，
先行词为stage，在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导，故填where。
7．The place at the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the crossriver traffic is the heaviest.
(用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：拟建桥梁的地点应该是跨河交通最繁忙的地方。在定语从句中缺少介词at
的宾语，且先行词为place，应用关系代词which。故填which。
8．He had strong determination and perseverance in the competition, made him successful. (用适当的
词填空)
【答案】which
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他在比赛中有坚强的决心和毅力，这使他获得了成功。空处引导
非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which引导从句。
故填which。
9．I had my car parked in a car park, I could get my car battery charged. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我把车停在停车场，在那里我可以给汽车电池充电。非限制性定语从句修
饰先行词park，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
10．I won the first prize in the English speaking contest, surprised my classmates. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在英语演讲比赛中我获得了第一名，这让同学们很惊讶。 surprisedmy classmates是非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，从句中缺少主语，关系词代替整个主句的内容，
应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
11．I’ll be talking to Dr Richard, new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. (用适当
的词填空)
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将与理查德博士交谈，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。先行词为
Dr Richard，作定语从句的定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。
12．This evening, I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, new book The New Age of Invention has
just been published. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今晚，我将与Dr Richard Fairhurst交谈，他的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚
出版。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Dr Richard Fairhurst。先行词在定语从句中作定语，所以用
关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。
13．After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with a well was built near a primary school in
Uganda. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：几个月后，瑞安筹集了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近建造
了一口井。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the $2,000。先行词指物，在从句中作介词的宾语，所
以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
14．I communicated with a lawyer, point of view on the global affair was very novel. （用适当的词填
空）
【答案】whose
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我和一个律师交流了一番，他关于全球事物的观点很新颖。此处
引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a lawyer，从句中point of view与先行词为从属关系，关系词替代先行词
作point of view的定语，故应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。
15．You are expected to find some group activities you can be with people who share your
interests. (用适当的关系词填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你应该参加一些团体活动，在那里你可以和有共同兴趣的人在一起。定语
从句修饰先行词activities，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
16．Do you remember a certain occasion you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand.
(用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得有一次你遇到困难时，我伸出了援助之手吗？定语从句修饰先行
词occasion，在从句作时间状语，故用when引导。故填when。
17．The old man has two daughters, both of work as doctors. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人有两个女儿，都是医生。分析可知，逗号后的全部内容在句中为
非限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词two daughters，作介词of的宾语，所以要用关系代词whom引导。
故填whom。
18．The Amazon River, from the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length
-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚马孙河，雨林的名字由此而来，全长近6400公里，比长江长约100公里。
空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 The Amazon River，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作介词
from的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
19．I wish to thank Professor Smith, with the help of , I become who I am today. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要感谢史密斯教授，在他的帮助下，我成为了今天的我。分析句子可知，
此处为介词of+关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Professor Smith在从句中作of的宾语成分
和help形成所属关系。故填whom。
20．Some think of the office as the new offsite, the purpose of is to get people together so they can do
the things that remote working makes harder: establishing deeper relationships or cooperating in real time on
specific projects.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人认为办公室是新的异地办公场所，其目的是让人们聚在一起，做远
程办公难以做到的事情：建立更深层次的关系或在特定项目上实时合作。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引
导的非限制性定语从句，先行词offsite是物，因此空格处是which，故填which。
Translation（注意使用定语从句）
1. 我们工厂有两千名工人，其中三分之二是女的。（of whom )
2．他给我们讲了许多我们从来没有听说过的有趣的人和事。(that)
3. 两年前我工作的那个公司的老板在解决类似这种问题方面很有经验。 (whose)
4. 追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。（when）
5 青少年问题的发展趋势值得我们关注和研究，也值得整个社会群策群力，共商对策。 (which)
参考答案：
1.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of whom are women.
2.He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard.
3.The boss whose company I worked in two years ago has much experience in solving such kind of problem.
4. The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. and There are many times when such an attitude drives us to
improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.
5. The developing trend of youth problems deserves our attention and research , which also deserves the joint efforts ofthe whole society to find solution.
2022年秋考
This technique may involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry specific materials Conversations
with consumers also facilitate the identification of their frustrations and negative experiences, (27) ________they
may use to enhance a firm.
27 which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处考查的是定语从句，their frustrations and negative experiences 在后面
的从句中作宾语，属于事物，故填入which。句意:与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，
他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。
2022年春考
The light is called the aurora. Usually you can see it only at the very north of the earth,(23)_______it is called aurora
borealis or Northerm Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights.
23.where
[解析]考查定语从句。根据后面的“or at the very south,where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights.”可知
此处同样是一个定语从句，也是用关系副词where 作后面从句的地点状语。故填入 where。句意:通常，你
只能在地球的最北边看到它，在那里它被称为北极光，或者在地球的最南边，它被称为南极光。
2021年秋考
Scientists first recognized this problem in July 1976, by (28)_________ time 221 people had become seriously
ill..
28. which
【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构分析，可知该空所在句子为非限制性定语，修饰上旬所述
相关情况，再结合句意分析，此处主要强调的是相关的时间，又因为该空前有介词 by，故需要用 by which
代替 when 充当引导词，故此处填入 which。
2021年春考
Otherwise, you'll need to find a local studio(25)______ can be expensive.
25.which /that
【解析】.考查定语从句。这里 which/that代替前面的先行词 studio在从句中作主语。句意为：“否则，
你需要找到一个当地的工作室，这可能是昂贵的。”
2020年秋考
This would be impossible (28)___without_____ clocks and watches, (29)________ are all around us: on walls, on
our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPod's.29.which
[解析]考查非限制性定语从句，横线之前说到了钟表和手表，横线之后说，“在我们周围的:在墙上和我
们手腕上”，可知是对前一句话的补充解说，which引导的定语从句，修饰前一句话末尾的“clocks and
watches”，which 充当主语的成分。
2020年春考
The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending
into Xibalba (the underworld) _________ (23) they were challenged to a ball game.
23. where
【解析】考查定语从句。空前为主句the two brothers were tricked into... Xibalba (the underworld)，空后为定
语从句they were challenged to a ball game修饰地点名词Xibalba，所以此处用关系副词where 代替in Xibalba
在从句中作状语。
2019年秋考
Orissa is the home three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles, a species (23)threatened (threaten) with extinction,
and one of the sites, Gahirmatha, (24) __________ around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year,
is considered one of the world’s largest nesting sites.
24.where
[解析]考查限制性定语从句。根据句意:“奥里萨岛是奥利弗海龟的三个大规模筑巢地，这是一个濒临灭绝的
物种，其中之一，盖赫马塔每年约有七千万到八千万只海龟在海滩上产卵，被认为是世界上最大的筑巢地
之一。”由此句意和结构分析可知,此处缺少一个引导定语从句的关系词,又因为先行词为 Gahirmatha表示
一个地点，故用关系副词 where，相当于 in which=in the place
2019年春考
So ambition and the timely realization (21) ________ he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own urged
Jason to engage his future self to find direction.
21. that
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他自己决定自己要做什么的雄心和及时觉悟督促他自己找到未来的方向。分析句子
可知，he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own为限制性定语从句修饰先行词So ambition and the
timely realization，从句缺乏have 的宾语，故用关系代词that或者which。
2018年秋考
Sometimes, the parents (28 )_________complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending
too much time in front of one.
28.that/who
[解析]考查定语从句。定语从句，that 充当从句中的主语。2018年春考
The rooms (30) ______ the boys used to live look vacant. I feel sadness but also joy.
30. where
30.where[解析]考查定语从句。where 引导的句子主谓宾齐全，少了地点状语用 where 作不及物动词 live
的地点状语，where 相当于 in which。因此正确答案为 where。
2017年秋考
In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proof 23__________ contact with animals can increase a sick
person’s chance of survival and
23. that
[解析]考查定语从句。scientists have finally begun to find proof that contact with animals can...科学家们终于
开始找到证据证明与动物的接触..... that 引导的定语从句。
They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29__________ company they tend to calm down
more easily.
29.whose
[解析]考查定语从句。They are more easy-going when there are animals around.with whose company they tend to
calm down more easily.当周围有动物的时候，他们更容易相处，他们更容易平静下来。company 是名词，前
面可用形容词性物主代词。
2017年春考
The movie starts with a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal 21___________team up to find a missing otter
(水獭).
21.who
[解析] 考查定语从句。考查 who 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal 。
The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal who team up to find a missing otter.电影的主角免子警
官和一名狐狸罪犯联合起来寻找一只失踪的水獭。
1..博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷清，急需改善。( whose) （2019年春考）
【答案】The poorly managed museum, whose exhibits are covered with dust, attracts few visitors and needs
improving badly.
【解析】
考点1： 主干梳理,四字短语 博物馆门厅冷清 翻译为the museum has rarely been visited
考点2：定语从句 展品和博物馆从属关系，用whose处理。The museum whose exhibits are covered with
dust
考点3：定语从句 which 急需改善 which is in urgent need of improvement.
考点4：非谓语或介词短语，“疏于管理”可翻译为 Lacking management 或For lack of management参考答案：For lack of management/ Lacking management, the museum whose exhibits are covered with dust has
been rarely visited, which is in urgent need of improvement.
2. 这条小溪蜿蜒流淌，陪伴着世代居住的村民，见证了这个村庄的日新月异。(company)（2021年春考）
【答案及解析】
The river that winds its way, in the company of the villagers who have lived there for generations, has witnessed
the ongoing changes in the village.
The winding river has kept the villagers’ company who have lived here for generations and witnessed the rapid
The winding stream is in company with the villagers all the time who have lived here for generations, witnessing the
rapid changes of the village.
注意此句中的四字语“蜿蜒流淌”winding。wind的作为名词是风的意思，作为动词就是“蜿蜒前进”。
“日新月异” rapid changes。此外就是提示词company是名词，因为考纲里给的就是名词，我们首先想到
的就是短
语：keep sb’s company（变形为keep company of sb）或者in company with。这里个别人用company动词，
不过其可以作为动词是词典里面的用法，超出考纲范围，更为重要的是同学们还学到动词accompany表示
陪伴，很少用到company作为动词。这个作为名词，表示“陪伴”属于熟词生义现象。
【2021年上海春考真题】
Why Being in a Band Is Cool
When you were younger，a piano lesson may have ruined your day. Carrying a flute（长笛） from class to
class just for a half-hour lesson（21）_______have seemed pointless.But as you enter the adult world suddenly
you realize that knowing how to play an instrument is pretty cool. Yes, even the flute.
So,what makes being in a band so cool?Is it because you get to go on stage and play to millions of adoring fans?
Well, yes, but it'll be a few years before your dodgy rendition of ‘Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star’ starts to resemble
a Mozart symphony.
(22)_______ talented you've been in music it's still not easy to organize a band, but here's a quick guide to get you
started:
1) Find your members.
You'll need a drummer,a guitarist,a bass guitarist and a singer.Any other instruments are a bonus. This is
where(23)________(play)the flute comes in, if you can make playing the flute cool, you deserve all the fame and
fortune in the world!
2) Organize a band practice.
If you are lucky enough to have a band member(24)_______ a drum kit and parents who are hard of hearing,
you can practise at home for free. Otherwise, you'll need to find a local studio(25)______ can be expensive.
(26)_______(divide)the cost equally, including the cost of hiring any equipment such as cymbals for the drummer,you
rock together, you roll together !3)Be productive.
If you're paying for a studio, the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with each other,so meet half an
hour in advance to get all the chatting(27)_______(finish).
4)Agree on songs to learn, and learn them!
Each band member should choose a song for the whole band(28)______(learn)ready for rehearsal. This will
allow you to see(29)________genres（类型）work for your group.
(5)Start writing.
Once you know what music works for you,start writing! You can do this individually or as a band but the most
important thing is to respect other people's songs. It's very rare to find (30)_______who isn't shy about sharing their
first few pieces of writing,so be nice!
If that sounds like a lot of hard work, then you're right! If it also sounds like a lot of fun, get stated! But what is
it that makes all that hard work worth it?
Being in a band teaches you precious life lessons. It is a fun way of learning about how to share opinions
respectfully, be creative,become more confident and work as a team. Once you can do that you'll be well on your way
to finding what it is about you that makes you unique, special and cool!
参考答案
21.may 22. However 23. playing 24. with 25.which
26. Divide 27. finished 28. to learn 29. what 30. someone
答案详解1.考查情态动词。此句中有主语和谓语，在主语和谓语之间的空格缺少情态动词。前句中有
may，而且根据句意：“带着笛子从一个班到另一个班仅仅上半小时的课似乎毫无意义。”推测这里
也是不确定推测。因此正确答案为may。
22. 考查让步状语从句。这是一个并列复合句。首先是but引导的并列句进行语意转折。然后判定前面
也是句子，但是前面是两个句子，这两个句子需要用一个连词引导起来。根据句意：“即使你天生才
华横溢，组织一支乐队仍然不是件容易的事，但这里有一个让你开始的快速指南……”，因此这里需
要用到让步类的连词符合句意。注意此题在原文基础上有调整将原来的 even if/though引导的从句换成
However从句，虽然都是让步状语从句，但是有异曲同工之妙。此题错误率比较高，很多同学没有通
过上下语境理解这个句子，只从本句去理解填写连词，造成不必要的失分。
23. 考查动名词。这里是where引导的从句作表语，就是表语从句，此句中已经有谓语动词 comes，同
时根据句意：“这就是长笛的来龙去脉，如果你能让长笛变酷，你就应该名利双收！”。后面句子中
的if引导的条件状语从句可以忽略。这里需要用非谓语作主语，这是表示一般的动作，因此正确答案
为playing。
24. 考查介词。If引导的条件状语从句，在从句中有完整的主谓宾结构，而空格后面的名词和宾语都是
名词，这里需要用介词。根据句意：“如果你有幸有一个带鼓包的乐队成员和重听的父母，你可以在
家里免费练习。”因此这里用with。
25.考查定语从句。这里 which/that代替前面的先行词 studio在从句中作主语。句意为：“否则，你需
要找到一个当地的工作室，这可能是昂贵的。”
26. 考查祈使句。
根据后面的including判定空格处的动词为谓语动词，而且没有主语，很容易想到是祈使句。27. 考查过去分词。So后面的句子中有谓语动词 meet，因此空格处的动词一定是非谓语。根据此句句
意：“如果你要为一个工作室买单，你最不想的就是花时间互相攀谈，所以提前半小时见面，把所有
的闲聊都完成。”这里是finish作get补语，且与前面的chatting之间是被动关系。因此用finished。
28. 考查动词不定式。根据此句的谓语动词choose，判定这里是非谓语动词。根据句意：“每个乐队成
员都应该为整个乐队选择一首歌曲，为排练做好准备。”这里用不定式作目的状语。
29. 考查宾语从句。what引导的从句作see的宾语，也就是宾语从句。而且 what是代词性质，在从句
中也作从句主语 genres 的限制语。而且根据句意：“这将让你看到什么类型的作品为您的小组使
用。”这里用what为正确答案。
30. 考查不定代词。空格前面是find,后面是who引导的定语从句，判定这里需要一个代词。根据句意：
“。很少有人不羞于分享他们的前几篇文章，所以要友善！”因此这里用someone。
