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考点 15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
考点
定语从句
题型
2023 试卷类型 定语从句 考点
语法填空
2023·全国乙卷 that/whcih 关系代词
2023·全国甲卷 as 非限定性定语从句
2023·全国甲卷 that/who 关系代词
2022 2022·新高考I卷 where 关系副词
2022·全国甲卷 who 非限定性定语从句
2022年浙江1月 that/who 关系代词
2021 2021新课标II卷 that/which 关系代词
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于定语从句的考查共计8次，主要考查：
1．定语从句中的关系代词；
2．定语从句中关系副词；
3. 非限制性定语从句的关系词；
4. 定语从句的先行词；
5. 定语从句中的主谓一致；
6. 定语从句中的时态。
【备考策略】系统归类定语从句的用法，尤其是关系代词和关系副词的用法；熟练掌握定语从句的相关考点。
【命题预测】
2024年语法填空对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词和关系副词。
必备基础知识：
在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词 + 连词（关系代词） + 陈述句
who 【先行词为人。主语、宾语。】whom 【先行词为人。宾语。】
that【先行词为物/人。主语、宾语。】which 【先行词为物。主语、宾语。】
B. 地方 + where( 状语 ) + 陈述句 【where = at/on/in which】
时间 + when( 状语 ) + 陈述句 【when = at/on/in which】
C. 先行词（物/人） + whose + 名词 …whose: 某人的/某物的
D. 先行词(人) + 介词 + whom + 陈述句
先行词(物) + 介词 + which + 陈述句
重难点知识：
考点 1 关系代词引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-
paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical
buildings of the past.
2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.
3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45— 0 days, then the babies grow without their mother,
_______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.
4.[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair,
________ information is listed above.
【方法指导】
1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
在口语中可用who代替whom。
2．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用of which代替，指人时可用of whom代替。
3．that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。另外，which可用来指
代前面句子的部分或全部内容。
5．下列情况只用that不用which：
①先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词；
②先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰；
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；
④先行词被the only，the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；
⑤先行词中既有人也有物；
⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。
1.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made from various
grains.
2.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, _______full name is
really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names.
3.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined
“Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things_______ other people make.”
4.（2023·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考）“Hello, Mr. Herriot.” I heard his voice. I turned a blank gaze on him — I just
had no idea ____ ____ he was though his face was familiar.
考点 2 关系副词引导的定语从句1.（2023·全国甲卷）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly
directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-
existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
2. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_
I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
【方法指导】
1．先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when，where，why。有
时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。
3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用
关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which。
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）These events have transformed Jingdezhen into an incredible platform for
diversified cooperation and communication, ________ young artistic talents are drawn to its flame like moths.
2.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学学情调研）However, he could not forget about an earlier time ________ his village
had been struggling with a serious air quality problem.
【变式】
1. （2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三二模）Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as
important as sales.
A．which B．where C．when D．why
【变式】2
2. （2021·山东）I don’t know the reason ____ he left without saying anything.
A．when B．where C．why D．which
【变式】3
（2021·天津高三期末）We often reach a point in our life ______ we should be ready for change that will help us unlock
our self-improvement power.
A．when B．that C．as D．which
考点 3 “介词＋关系代词”引导的
1.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn
without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
2.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ______I can look back and see
more clearly my own language.
A．By which B．through which C．which D．on which【方法指导】
1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，
即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。
2．该结构中介词的选用
(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：
①先行词的意义；
②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；
③句子的意思。
(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：
①在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用 of
which/whom。
②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。
(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
1.（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）The Zhuang is an ethnic group________ the population is the largest of all ethnic
groups in China.
A．of whom B．of which C．of who D．of that
2.（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be
controlled.
A．on which B．by which C．to which D．from which
考点 4 as，which 引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for
Tomorrow”.
2.（2023·江苏省无锡市）If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may be getting emails and messages at
all hours of the day, night or weekend, _______can create an always available, or "always-on” environment.
【方法指南】
1．as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。
2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：
as (it) often happens，as I remember，as is often the case，as is expected，as is known to us，as is shown等。
3．which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末。
4．“such/so...that...”表示“如此……以致……”的意思，用来引导一个结果状语从句；而“such/so...as...”表示
“像……这样……”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
5．“the same...that...”表示同一个人或物，而“the same...as...”表示同种类的人或物。1.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学摸底学情调研）Hot pot, as a traditional Chinese folk dish, has become a favorite dish
throughout China since at least the Han Dynasty, ____ ____ is particularly true during winter months.
2.（2023·江苏省泰州中学调研）Most skiing competitions of the Winter Olympics were held in areas northwest of
Beijing, ____ ___ it’s cold in the winter but often doesn’t snow much.
【变式】
1. （天津高三三模）________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is
not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.
A．As B．It C．Which D．What
2. （天津高三三模）Swimming is good for teenagers, ________ some experts say will help them to stimulate their
potential and promote their brain development.
A．which B．why C．Whom D．what
考点 5 way 和 time 后接定语从句的
①What surprised me was not what he said but the way
he said it.
让我吃惊的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。
②The way he explained to us was quite simple.
他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。
③It's not the first time (that) you've found yourself in this situation.
你陷入这种状况已经不是第一次了。
④There was a time when/during which each teacher spent an hour，one day a week，testing pupils in every subject.
曾经，每个老师每周都有一天花上一小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。
【方法指南】
1．在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which，that或省略；但是当它在从
句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。
2．先行词time作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略；当先行词time作“一段时间，时
代”讲且作状语时，应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句。
【关键能力】
定语从句与语法填空
定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词以及介词的选用是语法填空题中的考查点。首先判断是否是定语从句是做
题的关键，其次判断关系词充当何种成分，确定答案。有些特殊的定语从句，如分割式定语从句和插入式定语从
句，一定要先确定先行词，然后再判断作何成分，最后确定用何关系词。
在空白处填入适当的关系代词或关系副词
1． But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，________ I was the first
Western TV reporter...
2． Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，________lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，
influenced the development of chopsticks.
3． Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved.
4． I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of theLi River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
5． The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.
6． The books on the desk，________ covers are shiny，are prizes for us.
7． As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be
independent.
答案：1.when 2.who 3.which 4.that/which5．where 6.whose 7.when
[应对策略]
一旦判断是定语从句，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分来确定关系词。
若在从句中作主语和宾语，就用关系代词；若作状语，就用关系副词。
◆书面表达中定语从句易错点聚焦
(一)定语从句意识缺失
1．关系代词被普通代词取代
(误)I have many collections of stamps，some_of_them are my favorite.
(正)I have many collections of stamps，some_of_which are my favorite.
2．关系代词遗漏
(误)The last one leaves the classroom please close the windows.
(正)The last one who_leaves the classroom please close the windows.
第一句从汉语意思角度是对的，但是汉语的干扰破坏了英语句式结构。
(二)假冒伪劣的定语从句
1．有从无主式
(误)My friend Jane，who is very friendly to us classmates.
(正)My friend Jane is very friendly to us classmates.
(正)My friend Jane，who is very friendly to us classmates，has_a_variety_of_hobbies.
笫一句虎头蛇尾，属于有从无主式的句子，即有从句但没有主句。
2．从句成分残缺式
(误)Those who_against it think that it is unnecessary to move the zoos out of the city.
(正)Those who_are_against it think that it is unnecessary to move the zoos out of the city.
第一句定语从句的谓语不完整。介词against不能单独作谓语。
3．画蛇添足式
(误)As can be seen from the picture，that a sad boy stands between his angry parents.
(误)As can be seen from the picture，a man who is talking happily.
(误)I have many collections of stamps，and some of which are my favorite.
第一句中关系代词as代替逗号后面的整个主句，因此主句是不需要连接词来引导的。所以，应去掉that。
第二句中同样as代替逗号后面的整个主句，主句中的who是多余的。
第三句中如果要满足定语从句的话，显然并列连词and是多余的。基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）These events have transformed Jingdezhen into an incredible platform for
diversified cooperation and communication, ________ young artistic talents are drawn to its flame like moths.
2.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made from various
grains.
3.（2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）According to the legend, the Jade Emperor(ruler of heaven) would like to
measure time by twelve different animals. He told animals that he would hold a great race on his birthday, the prize of
________ was twelve positions on the Chinese zodiac calendar.
4.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it being a busy work day, thousands of people wearing black came to the
Mingyangshan Mortuary House in the city, ____59____the memorial service was held at 10 am, to present bouquets (花束)
and bunches of rice and pay tribute (颂词) to Yuan.
5.（2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测）Legends have been passed on about Zheng He in the countries and regions
____41____ he set foot.
6.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, _______full name is
really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names.
7.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined
“Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things_______ other people make.”
8.（2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二）He learned carpentry in his teens, after ____ ____ he taught himself the
arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting.
9.（2023·山西省高三1月适应性调研考试（一模））In addition to the new rocket for manned mission, China is also
developing a new crewed capsule and a lunar lander, _______ will be able to send three astronauts to the lunar orbit and
allow two of them to land on the moon.
10.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考）The PLA Navy currently operates two carriers CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong,
both of ____ ____ have a displacement of around 50, 000 tons and use a ski jump mode for launching fixed wing aircraft.
11.（2023·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）The documentary film The Magical Craftsmanship of Suzhou, featuring
Chinese intangible cultural heritages, was launched in Australia and New Zealand on July 28, 2022. Before launching, it
was released in North America in June, ____ ____ stimulated a wide discussion on the eastern aesthetics(美学)and the
intangible cultural heritages.
12.（2023·山东省“学情空间”区域教研共同体联考）Another concern is new food allergies because some GMO food
（转基因食品） contain proteins _____ _____ people have never eaten before.
13.（2023·山东省青岛市测试）Since 2016 when the company was founded, Chop Value has rescued billions of
chopsticks from landfills. Instead of an economy of the typical take-make-dispose model, Chop Value seeks to create one
_____45_____ transforms waste into a usable resource.
14.（2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底）The awards ceremony for the One Step Chinese–Hungarian Drawing
Competition was held online in China’s Hubei province and Hungary’s Gyor-Moson-Sopron county last week. The
event,____ ____drew nearly 100 participants, including students and teachers, was jointly organized by the respective
local governments.
15.（2023·河北省保定市部分学校联考）Thanks to the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, consumption ____56____
is related to the ice-snow industry has gained steam across China.
