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专题 02 高考高频考点重点短语（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布
高考高频考点重点短语
年限 题型 考点
standing out
flying by
2023 完形填空 breaking up
checking in
show up
pull up
2022 完形填空
hold up
line up
2021 语法填空 result in
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于重点短语的考查主要侧重在动词短语的考查，考点主要分布在完形填空和语法填
空中。
【备考策略】
1. 按短语类别分类记忆
2. 联想记忆
3. 在做题过程中记忆
【命题预测】
2025年完形填空对重点短语的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查动词短语，其次是介词短语或者其它。
Group 1
（1）act短语搭配：act as 担任……职务，起……作用 act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）
act out 表演（对话、故事等） act up 捣乱，出毛病
（2）break短语搭配：
break away 摆脱，脱离 break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱……
break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解
break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into … 闯入……，破门而入
break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止
break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发
break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule 违反规定
break through 突围，冲跨 break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开
（3）bring短语搭配：
bring about 引起，导致，使发生 bring along 把……带来，领来
bring back 拿回来，使恢复 bring sb back 送回某人
bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒
（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）
bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下
bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 [比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降 /上涨]
bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收
bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进
bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出
bring to 使苏醒
bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用
bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）
bring up 抚养，培养，哺育
（4）call短语搭配：
call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地）[比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）]
call back 回电话call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人
call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话
call off 取消 call on / upon 号召
call out 大声呼喊，叫喊 call sb…for short 简称某人……
call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召
（5）come短语搭配：
come about 发生，产生 come across 偶然相遇
come along 来，随同，进展，加油 come at … 向……袭击
come back 回来，想起来，复活 come down 下来，下落，传下
come down to… 到达，从一处来到另一处
come for… 来拿，来取 come from… 来自，出生于
come in 进来，进入 come into being 形成，产生
come into use 使用起来 come off 脱落，从……离开
come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快
come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现
come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开
come over to… 过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方
come round / around （非正式）来访，串门
come to … 来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒
come to an end 结束，终止 come to know 逐渐地知道
come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来 come to light 显露，为人所知
come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉 come to / into power 当权，上台
come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to terms with… 甘心忍受
come true 变为现实，成为事实
come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来
come up to sb 朝某人走来
come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上
（6）cut短语搭配：
cut away 切除，剪去 cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减
cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入 cut in line 插队cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半
cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应） cut out 删除，剪下来
cut the cost of … 降低……的成本 cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉
（7）do短语搭配：
do about 处理，应付 do and don’t 要与不要
do a good deed 做一件好事 do a lot of walking 走很多路
do a test 做实验，做化验 do a word puzzle 猜字谜
do an experiment / experiments 做实验 do away with 废除
do body-building 做健身操 do chores 处理琐事，干家务
do housework 做家务活 do make-up 化妆，打扮
do observations 观察 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
do one’s homework 做作业 do research on… 从事……研究工作
do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙
do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意
do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事
do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书
do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西
do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼
do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事
do telephone interviews 进行电话采访
do the laundry 洗衣服
do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好
do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头
do up the button 扣纽扣
do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好
do with 处理，处置，对付
do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）
（8）get短语搭配：
get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国
get a full mark / full marks 得满分 get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足get at 意指，本意是 get around = get about 四处走动，活动
get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离 get away from 逃脱，逃离
get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还
get close to 接近 get down 下来，降下
get down on one’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）
get in 进入，收获，达到 get in a word 插话
get into… 进入…… get sb into… 使某人陷入
get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得 get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）
get on 上车，过活 get on / along with… 进展，与……相处
get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来 get out 离开，出去
get out of 逃避，避免 get over 克服，恢复，原谅
get up 起床，起身 get across 理解，度过
get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）
get to 到达，抵达 get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着
get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领
get ready for 为……做准备
（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）
get rid of 除掉，去掉 get sb to do 让某人做
get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get the message across 传播信息
get together 相聚，碰头，联欢
get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……
（比较：be used as sth 被用作……
be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……
be used to do sth 被用于做……
used to do sth 过去常常做）
get / be dressed 穿衣服
get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚
get / be lost 丢失了，迷路
get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚
get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难
get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣
（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）（9）give短语搭配：
give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发
give back 归还，送回 give in 投降，让步，屈服
give off 释放，发出，放出 (烟、光、热等)
give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放 give over = hand over 转交，移交
give up 放弃，辞去 give a concert 开音乐会
give a description of… 描述…… give / make a speech 演讲，讲话
give a talk 演讲，做报告 give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成
give close attention to 密切关注 give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗
give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳 give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助
give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信
give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人
give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告
（10）go短语搭配：
go abroad 出国 go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背
go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面 go / walk around 四处走走
go away 走开，离去 go back 回去
go beyond 超越 go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去
go down 下来，落下，倒下 go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于
go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
go for a job interview 去面试找工作 go for a walk / walks 散步
go for sb 对某人也一样 go in for 参加，喜欢
go into 详细调查 go into details 细说
go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响 go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去
go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）
go on 发生，进行，继续 go / be on diet 在节食
go on (a) holiday 去度假 go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）
go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）
[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）
go on with sth 继续某事]
go out 熄灭，出去 ，外出 go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅
go past 从……的旁边过去 go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登
go with… 与……相配
go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付
go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰
go straight along 沿着……一直往前走
go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查go through with 完成
go to bed （上床）睡觉 go to school / work 上学/上班
go to sea 当水手 go to sleep 入睡
go to town 进城 go to a movie 去看电影
go to the country(side) 下乡 go home / there 回家/去那儿
go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生 go bad 变坏
go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途
go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用
Group 2
（11）have短语：
have a break 休息一下 have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来
have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧
have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈
have a gift for… 对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for… 有……名誉/名声）
have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快
have a good knowledge of … 对……很熟悉，通晓……
have a good laugh over… 对……笑了个够
have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快
have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的习惯
（比较：get into / form the habit of… 养成……的习惯
get sb into the habit of… 使某人养成……的习惯）
have a hit 风靡一时 have a large population 人口众多
have / take a look 看一看 have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快
have (got ) a pain (in the…) （身体某部位）痛
have a part-time job 做兼职工作 have a (good) rest 休息
have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）
have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食
have a swim 游泳 have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛
have a test 进行测验 have a try 试一试
have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或爱好
have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定
have an effect on / upon… 对……有影响，对……产生作用
（比较：influence… = affect … 对……有影响
have no effect / influence on … 对……没有影响
have a good / bad effect on … 对……有好/坏影响
have a great / little effect on … 对……有很大的影响/影响不大
have a strong influence on… 对……有很大影响）
have / take an exam 参加考试 have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光
have an income of … 有……的收入
have access to … 使用（接近……的）权利或机会
have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
have lessons / classes 上课
have mercy on… 宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯
have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事
have none of … 根本不理睬…… have on 穿着
have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物 have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药
have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困难/麻烦事
[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]
have something / nothing in common (with…) （与……）有共同点／没有共同之处
（比较：have much / a lot in common with… 与……有许多相同之处
have little in common with… 与……几乎没有相同之处）
have something / nothing to do with … 与……有关／无关
have to = have got to 不得不，必须（12）hold短语：
hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会 hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住
hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气 hold on 等一等，不要挂电话
hold on to 抓住，保住 hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持
hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞
hold together 连在一起，团结一致
（13）keep短语：
keep away from 避开，别靠近 keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下
keep down 控制 keep off 勿踏，勿踩
keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 继续进行 keep out 不得入内
keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of … 不进入……
keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，赶上
keep a date 赴约 keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食
keep a record / records 保持记录
keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾
（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）
keep busy doing 忙着做某事 keep fit 保持健康
keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……记住
keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事
[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事
keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做
stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]
keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）
keep one’s balance 保持平衡 keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言
keep safe 保持安全 keep silent over … 对……保持沉默
keep the same look 保持原貌 keep watch 保持警戒，站岗（14）knock短语：
knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等） knock down 把……撞倒，击倒
knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见 knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over
撞翻，撞倒
（15）look短语：
look at 看着，注视，检查
look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子
look after 照顾，照料，照看 look ahead 向前看，展望未来
look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去
look back on… 回顾……，回忆……
look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事
look for 寻找，找 look in 来访，参观
look into… 往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究
look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着
look like… 看起来像…… （比较：look the same 看起来像）
look on 旁观，观望
look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防
look out for 警惕，留心，找出来 look over… 翻阅，（仔细）检查
look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习
look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻
look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻
视）
look / be worried 看上去/感到担心
（16）make短语：
make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）
[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造
be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）
be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）
be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]make out 理解，看清楚
make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成
make up for 弥补，补充，补偿 made up one’s mind 下决心
make a choice 做出选择 make a commitment 承诺，保证
make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论
make a (great) contribution to… 为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款
make a decision 做出决定 make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响
make a face / faces 扮鬼脸 make a fire 生火
make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集
make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of … 愚弄）
make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象
make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误
make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音
make a note / notes of… 记录，做笔记 ，记下来
make a plan (for… ) （为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划
make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要
make a promise 承诺
make a record 录制唱片，做记录
（比较：record a song 录一首歌
set a world record 创造世界记录）
make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议
make a telephone call 打电话 make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行
make conversation 交谈 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵
make friends with sb 与某人交朋友 make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑
make it（事业上）获得成功
make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄
make mistake about… 犯了……错误 make / earn money 挣钱
make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气 make oneself known 使/让自己出名
make one’s way to… 往……走去 make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步
make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通 make sense of… 弄懂……的意思
make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做
make sure 确保，确认，查明make the adjustment to… 适应…… make the / one’s bed 整理床铺
make (full) use of …= make the most / best of … (充分)利用
（17）pass短语：
pass away 去世，死（委婉说法） pass by 通过，从旁边经过
pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传 ，一代一代传下去
pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)
pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来
pass out 失去知觉，昏厥 pass through 穿过，越过
pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上
pass the examination 通过考试
（18）pay短语：
pay attention to … 对……注意，留心……
pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）
pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复
pay for 付款，付费，付代价 （比较：pay a high price for … 付高价）
pay off 还清（欠款）
pay sb a visit 拜访某人
pay the bill 买单，付帐单
专项训练（选以上短语填空并用正确形式）：
1.He promised to pay the money by Friday.
2.The old in our city don’t need to pay transport.
3.After ten years of hard work he paid all his debts at last.
（19）pick短语：
pick out 挑选，认出
pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）
（20）put短语：
put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来
put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下put forward 提出，建议，推荐 put off 延期，拖延
put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴 put on a performance 演出
put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产
put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立
put up with 忍受，容忍 put into 使进入，输入，投入
put／translate…into 把……译成 put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于……
put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱 put …to use 使用……，运用……
put a date to sth 注明日期
（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期；to date 到目前为止）
put an end to … 结束…… put …together 把……放在一起
（21）send短语：
send away 让走开 send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来
send in 寄送某处进行处理 send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）
send up 发射，射出，往上送 send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉
send signals by … 通过……发送信号
（22）set短语：
set about (doing) sth 着手，开始 set aside 留出，搁/放在一边
set down 放下，记下 set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起
set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）
set out to do 开始做，着手做 set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起
set /give a (good) example to… 为……树立（好）榜样
set a goal 设定目标 set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧
set foot on / in… 踏上……，到达，进入 set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做
set sail for 起航去…… set sail from 从……起航
set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样
set sb free 释放某人，解放某人
（23）stand短语：
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人
stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人
stand out 突出，显眼 stand up 起立，站起来stand still = stay still 站着不动
（24）take短语：
take after 与某人相像 take along 带领，携带
take … apart = separate … 把……分开 take away 拿走，拿去，使离开
take away from… 从……带／拿走 take back 退回，拿回，收回
take down 拿下，记下，记录 take for… 当作……，误以为是……
take in 吸收，接纳，上当
take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销
take on 呈现 take out 拿出，取出
take over 继承，接管，接替
take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）
take a bank loan 向银行贷款 take a bath 洗澡
take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险
take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度
take a few deep breaths 深呼吸 take / have a degree in … 取得……学位
take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育
take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信
比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信
take a photo (of …) （给……）照相，拍（……）照片
take a risk / risks 冒险 take a shower 沐浴，洗澡
take a sip 呡一小口 take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车
take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假
take (an) interest in … 对……感兴趣
（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣
have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）
take advantage of 对……加以利用
take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料
take care 小心, 注意 take care of 照顾，照看
take effect 生效，奏效 take exercise 运动，活动
take … for example 以……为例 take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住
take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅
（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）
take lessons 上课 take notes 做笔记，做记录
take notice of 注意
take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）
take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动 [比较：take time 花费（时间）]
take part 参加
（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in… 参加……
take an active part in… 积极参加……）
take place 发生，出现，举行
[比较：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位置）]
take pride in …= be proud of… 对……感到自豪
take responsibility for … = be responsible for … 对……负起责任
take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人
（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）
take sb seriously 看重某人
take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事
take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温 take sth along with sb 随身携带某物
take shelter 躲避
take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动
take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事
（25）think短语：
think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）
think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法
think out 想出 think over 仔细考虑
think through… 思考……直到得出结论 think up 提出，想出，设计出
think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑
think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价（26）turn短语：
turn against 转而反对，背叛 turn around / round 转身，转过来
turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走
turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等） turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）
turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达
turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝
turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想
turn in 交进，上缴，归还 turn into 变成
turn…into… 把……变成……，转变成 turn to… 转向……，向……求助，查阅
turn out 结果是，生产 turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是
turn right / left 向右/向左拐 turn writer = become a writer 成为作家
Group 3
（l）“动词+about ”构成的动词短语
speak／talk about 谈论
think about 思考
care about 关心，对……有兴趣
bring about 引起，使发生
set about 着手，开始
come about 发生
hear about 听说
worry about 为……担心
（2）“动词+at” 构成的动词短语
aim at 向……瞄准，旨在
run at 冲向，向……攻击
call at 拜访(地点)
tear at 用力撕
look at 看，注视
work at 干……活动（研究）
come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷
stare at 凝视
glare at 怒视
glance at 匆匆一瞥
laugh at 嘲笑
knock at 敲（门、窗等）
point at 指向
smile at 冲（某人）笑
strike at 向……打击
shoot at 向……射击
wonder at 惊讶
（3）“动词+away”构成的动词短语
die away 逐渐消失
put away 收拾起来，存起来
pass away 去世
wash away 冲走
take away 拿走
give away 背弃，泄漏
send away 让走开
turn away 把……打发走
wear away 磨掉，消耗
throw away 扔掉
blow away 吹走
carry away 拿走，使入迷
clear away 清除掉，消散
break away 摆脱
（4）“动词+back”构成的动词短语
keep back 隐瞒，忍住
hold back 控制住
give back 归还call back 回电话
take back 拿回，收回
look back(on) 回顾
（5）“动词+down”构成的动词短语
cut down 削减，砍倒
put down 记下，写下，镇压
take down 记下，记录
turn down 调小，拒绝
slow down 慢下来
pass down 传下来
calm down 平静下来
burn down 烧毁
tear down 拆毁，拆除
come down 下落，传下
break down 坏了，垮了，分解
bring down 使……降低，使倒下
settle down 安家
（6）“动词+from”构成的动词短语
die from 因……而死
hear from 收到……来信
learn from 向……学习
differ from 与……不同
suffer from 受……苦
result from 由于
separate…from 把……分离开
keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做
date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到
（7）“动词+for”构成的动词短语
run for 竞选ask for 要求得到
beg for 乞求
wait for 等候
look for 寻找
call for 需要，要求
hunt for 寻找
long for 渴望
care for 关心，喜欢
seek for 寻找
come for 来拿，来取
apply for 申请
stand for 代表，表示
search for 查找
change…for 用……换
charge…for 收费，要价
take…for 误以为……是
hope/wish for 希望得到
（8）“动词十in”构成的动词短语
get in 收获，进入
fill in 填写
cut in 插入
join in 参加
look in 来访，参观
hand in 上交
drop in 拜访
give in 让步
take in 接纳，吸收
call in 召集，来访
bring in 引进，使得到收入
break in 强制进入，插话
result in 导致succeed in 在……获成功
persist in 坚持
（9）动词十into
run into 碰到
look into 研究，调查，往里面看
burst into 闯入，进发
turn into 变成
change…into 把……变成
divide…into 把……分成
put／translate…into 把……译成
（l0）“动词+of”构成的动词短语
die of 死于
talk of 谈到
hear of 听说
think of 想到
dream of 梦到
speak of 谈到
consist of 由……组成
approve of 赞成
complain of 抱怨
become of 发生……情况，怎么啦
（l1）“动词+out”构成的动词短语
go out 熄灭
set out 出发，着手
try out 试用，试验
put out 扑灭
run out 用完
let out 泄漏，发出(声音)
pick out 选出hold out 坚持下去
wear out 穿破，使……疲劳
make out 理解，看清楚
keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住
find out 查出，弄明白
work out 算出，想出办法等
send out 发出，派遣
give out 散发，分发，用完
look out 当心，提防
hand out 散发，分发
help out 救助
turn out 结果是，生产
come out 出版，出来
cross out 划掉
burst out 进发
carry out 执行
break out 爆发
point out 指出
figure out 算出
bring out 阐明，使表现出
leave out 省略，删掉
speak out 大胆讲出
（l2）“动词+over”构成的动词短语
go over 审阅，检查，研究
get over 克服
run over 压死，看一遍
take over 接管，接替
turn over 翻倒，细想
fall over 跌倒，摔倒
roll over 翻滚
look over 翻阅，检查think over 仔细考虑
watch over 看守，照看
（l3）“动词十to”构成的动词短语
add to 增添
get to 到达
see to 处理，料理
turn to 向……求助，查阅
come to 共计，苏醒
lead to 导致，通向
reply to 答复
refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅
bring to 使苏醒
agree to 同意
object to 反对
point to 指向
write to 写信给
relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关
attend to 处理
belong to 属于
supply…to 为……提供
devote…to 贡献给
stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于
compare…to 与……相比，把……比作
（l4）“三词以上的短语动词”构成的动词短语
do well in 在……干得好
make up for 弥补
look down on / upon 轻视
break away from 摆脱
keep away from 避开，别靠近
do away with 废除put up with 忍受
catch up with = keep up with 赶上
fill up with 用……装满
go on with 继续
get on / along with 和……相处
look forward to 盼望
look up to 仰望，尊敬
add up to 总计
live up to 依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）
get close to 接近
get down to 认真开始
set fire to 放火烧
pay attention to 注意
pay a visit to 访问
take / get / catch hold of 握住
run out of 用完
get out of 逃避，避免
take notice of 注意
take a photo of 拍……照片
take the place of 取代
set an example to 为……树立榜样
2．“Be动词+形容词+介词”的常用搭配
(1)“be＋adj.＋about”构成的动词短语
be anxious about 忧虑……
be curious about 对……好奇
be particular about 对……讲究/挑剔
be worried/concerned about 对……担心
(2)“be＋adj.＋at”构成的动词短语
be angry at因……生气 be good at擅长
be astonished at对……吃惊 be present at出席
be disappointed at对……失望
(3)“be＋adj.＋in”构成的动词短语be absorbed in专注于…… be active in积极于……
be dressed in穿着…… be engaged in 忙于……
be rich in富含…… be occupied in忙于……
be interested in对……感兴趣 be involved in包括在……中，被卷入
(4)“be＋adj.＋for”构成的动词短语
be eager for渴望…… be famous for以……著名
be fit for适合，胜任…… be hungry for渴望……
be ready for准备好…… be sorry for对……感到抱歉
be thankful for因……而感激 be anxious for急切盼望，渴望……
be prepared for为……做好准备
(5)“be＋adj.＋from”构成的动词短语
be absent from 缺席 be different from 不同于
be far from 远离 be free from 不受……影响
(6)“be＋adj.＋to”构成的动词短语
be close to接近…… be contrary to与……相反
be devoted to致力于…… be equal to等于……
be familiar to 对……来说熟悉 be friendly to 对……友好
be good to对……有好处 be grateful to对……心存感激
be harmful to对……有危害 be kind to对……友好
be opposed to反对…… be similar to与……相似
be/get used to (变得)习惯于……
(7)“be＋adj.＋of”构成的动词短语
be aware of意识到…… be fond of喜欢……
be full of充满…… be proud of因……而自豪
be short of缺乏…… be tired of厌烦……
be ashamed of为……感到羞耻
(8)“be＋adj.＋with”构成的动词短语
be busy with忙于…… be filled with充满
be combined with与……结合 be content with对……满意
be covered with被……覆盖 be familiar with对……熟悉
be patient with对……有耐心 be popular with受……的欢迎
be satisfied with对……满意 be pleased with对……感到满意
by angry with (sb.)对(某人)发怒
be concerned with与……有关；涉及，关心，关注Group 4
其他常用短语（按字母表顺序 Kk 至 Zz）
（11）Kk
kick the habit 戒除某嗜好 kind of 稍微，有点儿
know about 对……了解 know of 听说过
（12）L
labor force 劳动力 lack of sleep 缺少睡眠
later on 后来，随后，以后 laugh at 嘲笑，讥笑
lay down one’s life 献出生命 lay off 解雇，不理会，使下岗
lay the table 摆桌子
lead / have / live a cosy / an active life 过着舒适的/活跃的生活
lead sb to do sth = cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事
lead to = result in 通往，导致 learn about… 了解，学习有关……知识
learn …(all) by himself = teach …oneself 自学……
learn from… 向……学习，从……中学习
leave alone 不管，不打扰，不理会，随……去
leave behind 忘带，留下 leave out 省略，删掉，不考虑
leave sb by himself 把某人独自留下
leave sb where he / she is 把某人留在原地 leave school 离开学校，辍学，毕业
less than 少于，不足 let down 不支持，使失望，使沮丧
let in 放进，让……进来 let out 放掉，泄露，发出(声音)
lie down 躺下 lie in 在于，位于
lie to sb 对某人撒谎 light bulb 电灯泡
light a fire 点火 light up 照亮，使放光彩，点上（烟）吸起来
limit … to … 把……限制在…… listen to 听……little by little 逐渐地 live in poverty 生活在贫困线上
live life on the go 过着忙碌的生活
live on 以……为主食，靠……谋生，继续存在，继续活着
live one’s dream = try to realize one’s dream 努力实现梦想
live through 活过，经过（困难，危险）之后仍旧活着
live up to 依据……行事，做到，不辜负（期望）
live up to sb’s expectation = meet sb’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望
live with 忍受，与……一起住
lock sb up 将某人监禁起来，将某人锁于某处不得进出
lose control = be out of control 失去控制
lose heart 失去信心，泄气，灰心 lose one’s life 牺牲某人的生命
lose one’s sight / voice 失明 / 失声 Let me see. 让我想想。
（13）Mm
major in 主修，专研 match …with … 把……和……相配
main course 主菜 man-made satellite 人造卫星
means of transport 交通方式 medical care 医疗保健
midfield player 中场球员 Middle East 中东
millions of 成百上千万 miss one’s turn 错过
mistake / take A for B 错把A当成B mix up 混合在一起
mix …with … 把……和……混合 mobile phone 可移动电话
morning paper 晨报 movie stars 电影名星
more and more 越来越多 more or less 或多或少
more than = not only 不仅，不只，多于，十分
（比较：more A than B 与其说B，不如说是A
no more than = only 仅仅，只不过
not more than 不超过，至多）
most of 大多数
multiply … by … ……乘以…… musical styles 音乐风格
My goodness! 天啊！（14）Nn
native language = mother tongue 母语 neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下，不相上下
next time 下次 next to 紧接着，相邻，在旁边，次于
nine out of ten = nine in ten 十分之九 no doubt 无疑地
no longer / more = not…any longer / more 不再，已不
no matter 不论……，无论…… not as / so… as 不像，不如
not at all = not a bit 一点也不，绝非（比较：not a little = very much 很，非常）
not later than 不迟于 not …till / until… 直到……才……
now and then 偶尔，时而 now that 既然
Nice to meet / meeting you. 很高兴见到你。
（15）Oo
obey / break the rules 遵守／违反规定 obey / observe the law 遵守法律
object to 反对 occur to sb 使某人突然想到
offer advice about / on … 提出关于……的建议
of course 当然 of late = lately 最近，近来
of one’s own 属于自己的（比较：on one’s own = by oneself 独自，单独地）
on a large scale 大规模地，大范围地 on a team 在一队/组，加入一队/组
on (an / the) average 平均，按平均计算 on an open fire 露营
on all sides 在各方面，到处 on and on 不停地，不断地
on condition that = if 如果 on board 在（船/飞机）上
on business 出差
on display 展览，陈列 [比较：on show 展出，在上演（放映）]
on duty 值日，值班 on earth 在地球上，究竟
on end 直立，竖立 on foot 步行
on holiday 在度假 on purpose = by accident 故意地
on sale 上市，出售，廉价出售，减价 on watch 值班，守望
on the air 正在播出的 on the contrary 相反地，反之
on the front page 在头版 on the go 奔波，忙忙碌碌的，四处奔走
on the Internet 在互联网上 on the march 在游行
on the phone 在通话，用电话交流 on the point of 就在……的时候on / over the radio 通过收音机 on the top of 在……的顶端
on one’s arrival / return （某人）一到达/回来
on (the) one hand…, on the other hand … 一方面, 另一方面
once in a while 偶尔，有时 once more / again 再一次
once upon a time 从前，很早以前 one day （过去/将来）有一天，某一天
one after another 一个接一个 one by one 一个一个地，逐一
one-child policy 独生子女政策 opera house 歌剧院，艺术剧院
open up 打开，开启，开创，开辟，开设，开放
operate on sb 给某人动手术 opposite to 在……对面
or else 否则，要不然 or rather 或者
or so 大约，……左右 ought to 应当，应该
out of 由……里面向外，在……之外 out of breath 上气不接下气
out of danger 脱离危险 out of order 运转不正常，出毛病
out of work 失业 out of one’s reach 够不着
over and over again 多次，反复地，一再 over there 在那边
owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 把……归功于，感谢，欠（债）
owe thanks to sb for sth 因为某事感谢某人
（16）Pp
parking lot 停车场 pay phone （投币式）公用电话
pen friend / pal 笔友 pencil case 文具盒，铅笔盒
pencil sharpener 转笔刀，削笔刀 people with disabilities = disabled people 残疾人
personal affair 隐私 persist in 坚持
phone number 电话号码 physical education 体育
pile of (homework) 一大堆（作业），一大批，一大团
places of (great) interest 名胜 pop music 流行音乐
post office 邮电局 play against … 同……比赛
play / act the role of sb = play sb 扮演某人的角色
play a part / role in … 在……中起作用 play a trick on sb 开某人的玩笑，耍弄某人
play football / basketball 踢足球／打篮球
play the piano 弹钢琴 play with 玩耍，游戏
primary school = elementary school 小学 point at 指示，指向
point to 指向 point out 指出，使注意 prefer A to B相比B更喜欢A prepare sth 准备
prepare for sth 为某事做好准备
prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备 produce / make electricity 发电
protect sb from / against … 保护某人免受……(伤害等)
provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
（比较：supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 给某人提供某物
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 为某人主动提供某物）
pull down 拆毁，拆除，摧毁，推翻 pull on 随便穿上
pull out of 从……中退出，（火车）驶离车站，从……拉出来
pull sb up 把……往上拉，把……拉上来
push open 推开 push (sth) over （使车船等）闪到一边
pros and cons 赞成与反对，正面和反面 pretty well 相当好，几乎，差不多
（17）Qq
quarrel with sb (about sth) （因某事）和某人吵架/争吵
quite a few 许多，大量
quite a lot / a bit 许多，大量
（18）Rr
raise money for (good cause) 为（做好事）而筹款
rank high / low 排名高/排名低 rank third 位居第三
rather than 宁可，而不是，非，与其……宁愿……
raw material 原料 record card 成绩单
record holder 记录保持者 reach out (for sth) 伸手去（拿，碰）
reach out (to sth) 伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某物
read about 读到有关…… receive / get one’s doctor’s degree 获得博士学位
recommend … to sb 向某人推荐……
refer to 提到，查询，参阅，指的是，谈到，涉及，有关
relate to 理解，同情，涉及，与……有关（比较：be related to 与……有关联/关系）
remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事 reply to 答复
respond to 回应，反映，响应
result in 产生某种作用或结果，导致[比较：result from 由于，（因而）发生，产生，出现]
return to normal 恢复正常 ring back 给某人回电话
ring off 挂断电话，停止讲话 ring up sb = ring sb up 给某人打电话
rise / come to fame 成名 roll over 翻滚，倒转
round up 使集合在一起，使聚拢 rock band 摇滚乐队
roller skating 滑旱冰 running water 自来水
ruin sth = bring sth to ruin 使……变成废墟
run after 追赶，追求，追逐，在……之后跑
run at 冲向，向……攻击
run away 流失，逃跑，逃走，失控
run away from school =drop out of school 逃学
run for 竞选
run into / across = come across = meet …by chance = happen to meet 偶然遇见
run off 跑掉，迅速离开
run out of sth 用完…… [比较：(sth) run out 耗尽，用光，用完]
run over 压死，看一遍，跑过去 run a business 做生意
run / start a restaurant 开餐馆
rush sb off one’s feet 使某人忙得不亦乐乎，使某人忙得不可开交
rush out 冲出去 rush through 掠过，快速通过
（19）Ss
satisfy / meet the needs of … 满足……的需要
save money 存钱 save sb’s life 挽救某人的生命
say “no” to … 拒绝，否认，不同意 say thanks to … 向……表示感谢
say to oneself 心里想，自言自语 school day 学校上课时 school play 校
园剧 school things 学习用具 school / field trip 郊游
search for 搜查，寻找，查找
self rescue 自救 see for oneself 自己去看，亲眼看
see sb off 为某人送行（比较：meet sb 接某人）
see to 处理，料理，照顾 see to it that…= make sure that… 确保，务使
seek after 追求 seek for 寻找
sell out 卖完，出卖 sense of responsibility 责任感sentence / beat sb to death 判处某人死刑 / 把某人打死
separate … from … 把……和……分离开
serve as 作为，当作 serve in the army 服役
serve the dishes 上菜 serve the people 为人民服务
settle an argument about… 解决关于……的争论
settle down 定下心来，安家落户，定居，平静下来
settle for 勉强同意，接受 settle in（使）习惯（环境等），定居
settle up 付清，结账 shake hands with sb 和某人握手
share (in) sth 分享 share sth with sb 与某人分享……
shop assistsant 售货员 short wave 短波
shoot at 向……射击
shout at (sb) 冲(某人)嚷嚷 [比较：smile at (sb) 冲（某人）笑]
show off 炫耀 show up 出席，露面
show respect for sb 对某人表示尊敬 show sb how to do sth 教某人做某事
show sb out / in 送某人出去/ 迎某人进来
show sb to the door 带某人到门口 shut down 关闭，把……关上
shut up 闭嘴 silver screen 银幕
sign an agreement with… 与……达成协议
sit down = be seated 坐着，坐下 sit up 熬夜
side by side 肩并肩，一起，相互支持 social problems 社会问题
soft drink 清凉饮料，软饮料 solar system 太阳系
soup opera 肥皂剧，连续剧 so far = up till now 到目前为止
some day 将来某一天，来日 some … , others … 一些……，另一些……
sooner or later 迟早，终归 sound like 听起来像……
space / train station 太空／火车站 speed skating 速滑
speak about 谈论，交谈 speak against 发表抨击
speak of 谈到 speak out 大胆讲出
speak to 谈话，与……通话 speed by 飞驰而过
speed up 加快速度（比较：slow down 减缓，减速，慢下来）
spend … (in) doing sth 花（钱，时间） 做某事
spend …on sth 在……花费（钱，时间） spread out 伸开，铺开
stage name 艺名 standing room 立足之地
stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地 straight away 立刻地，毫不犹豫地
stare at 凝视，盯着看 start a fire 引起火灾starve to death 饿死 stay away 不在家，外出
stay away from… 与……保持距离 stay the same = remain the same 保持不变
stay up 挺住，站立，开夜车，醒着，不睡，熬夜
stick to 粘住，坚持，忠于 stick with 继续支持，保持联系
stop doing sth 停止做某事
[比较：stop to do sth 停下来做某事
stop … (from) doing sth 阻止……做某事]
strike at 向……袭击／打击 struggle against… 同……做斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 struggle to do sth 挣扎着（竭力去）做某事
succeed in… 在……获成功
（比较：succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth成功地做了某事）
suffer from… 受……苦 suit … to … 使……适合于……
support / raise the family 养家 surf the internet 上网冲浪
sweep away （风）吹走,（浪）卷走 sweep down 吹倒，席卷，冲倒
sweep the floor 扫地 switch on /off 开/关（电灯、机器等）
swimming pool 游泳池
Say “Hi” to sb for me. = Give my regards to sb =Remember me to sb 代我向某人问好。
Say goodbye to sb 向某人告辞/告别。 See you soon / later. 再见。
（20）Tt
table manners 餐桌礼节，用餐规矩 table tennis 乒乓球（运动）
talent show 天才表演 tape recorder 磁带录音机
talk show 访谈节目 talk about 谈论，交谈，议论
talk of 谈到 talk … through （充分）讨论，详细讨论
talk to 与某人交谈／谈话 talk with 和……交谈
telephone booth 电话亭 telephone number 电话号码
tennis racket 网球拍 tear at 用力撕
tear down 拆毁，拆除 tear sth into pieces 把某物撕成碎片
tear up 撕毁，取消（合同） tell a lie 说谎
tell … apart 识别，辨别，区分开 tell… from… 把……和……分开
tell the truth 说真话
tell the difference between A and B 说出/分辨A和B 的区别
tend to 趋于，朝某方向 test on 在……做实验test the blood 验血 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 thanks for… 因
为……而感谢
thanks to… 多亏了，幸亏，由于，因为
（比较：due to = owing to = because of 由于，因为）
than usual 比平常……
the Antartic 南极 [比较：the South / North (Pole) 南/北极]
the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
（比较：the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Indian Ocean 印度洋
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
the Yellow River 黄河）
the butterfly 蝶泳
the Capital Stadium 首都体育馆
[比较：the Great Wall 长城
the Palace Museum 故宫（博物馆）
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国（简称PRC）]
the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天
the entrance to ……的入口 (the) long / high jump 跳远/高
the Maglev Train 磁悬浮列车 the majority / minority of people 大多数/少数人
the (more) …, the (more) … 越……，越……
the next morning 第二天早上 the other day 前几天，某日
the other way around 相反地，用相反方式
the Olympic Games / the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会
the problem with … 关于……的问题 the same as 与……同样的
the same to 对……也一样 the United Kingdom 英国
the United Nations 联合国 the United States 美国
the way to do sth / of doing sth 做……的方法
the working people 工人，劳动人民 the World Championship 世锦赛
this very night 就在这个晚上 thousands of 成千上万
Three Gorges Dam Project 三峡大坝工程 three meters deep = three metres in depth 三米深
through thick and thin 不顾艰难
throw light upon / on 阐明某事，使某事显得很清楚
throw about 四处乱扔 throw at 向……扔去
throw away 扔掉 throw up 吐出（事物），呕吐tie A to B 把A 绑在B 上 tie … up 系，栓，捆
tie up (one’s hair) = do up (one’s hair) （头发）扎起来
tire out 筋疲力尽 tire oneself out 使自己疲惫不堪
time and time again = over and over again 多次，不断地，反复
time area 时区 toast to the New Year 为新年干杯
to begin with = to start with 首先，作为开始，第一点
to be honest = honestly speaking 老实说，说实在的
to make matters / things worse = worse still 使事情/情况更困难/危险，更糟糕的是
to … degree 达到……程度 to one’s knowledge 据某人所知
to one’s regret / sorrow / surprise / joy 使某人遗憾/悲伤/惊讶/高兴的是
to the north of 在……以北 to the point 中肯，扼要，切中要害
too many 太多 too much 太多，过分，太
too … to = so … that 太……以至于不能 tongue twister 绕口令
track and field 田径 traffic lights 交通指挥灯，红绿灯
travel agent 旅行社 trial and error 反复实验，不断探索
trade for 交易 trade in 以交易方式购入
trade … with sb 与某人做……交易（买卖）
transform … into… 把……转变成…… treat sb badly 虐待
treat sb to sth 请某人吃…… trip over （被……）绊倒
trust (in) = have trust in = rely on 信赖，信任
try on 试穿（衣，鞋，帽等），试试看，耍弄（花招）
try out 试验，尝试，试用 try one’s best 竭尽所能
TV series 电视连续剧 TV station 电视台
twice the size of 是……的两倍之大 Thank goodness! 谢天谢地！
This way, please. 请走这边。 It’s time to do…. 该做……了。
（21）Uu
under arrest 被拘留 under attack / fire 被攻击
under construction / control / discussion 在建设／控制／讨论中
under repairs 在修理中
under the command of 在某人控制之下，在……的指挥下
under the direction of 在……的指导下 unite as one 团结一致
upside down 颠倒着，倒转着 up and down 来回，上上下下，来来往往up to 正在做，从事于，大约，多达 up to date 现代的，时新的，据目前所知的
use up…. 用完……，用尽……
（22）Vv
VCD player 影碟播放机 very much = a lot 很，非常，十分
（23）Ww
wait for 等待，等候
wait / stand in queue = wait / stand in line 排队等侯
waiting room 等候(候车)室
wake up 醒来 wake sb up 把某人吵/叫醒
walk / run up to = go / come up to 上前去 want all day off 请假一整天
wash away 冲走 wash down 冲走，冲垮
washing machine 洗衣机 watch out (for…) 留神，提防，注意
watch over 看守，照看 watch TV 看电视
wear away 磨掉，消耗
wear out 穿破，把……穿旧，磨坏，使……疲劳
[比较：be worn out （衣服等）穿破/被损坏，（人）疲惫不堪/感到疲劳]
what else 而且
what if… 倘使……将会怎样，如果……将会怎样
win … prize 获得……奖 win the first place （比赛）得了第一名
win sb 把某人争取过来（比较：beat / defeat sb 打败某人）
wipe out 去除，消灭 wish each other good luck 互相祝福
wish … every success 祝…… 成功 without a sound 悄无声息地
without limit 无限地 without luck 运气不好
with the help of＝with sb’s help 在……的帮助下
with the purpose of 有……的目的 wonder at 对……感到惊讶
word for word 逐字地 work as an actress 做女演员
work at 从事，致力于 ，干……活动（研究）
work on … 继续工作，从事于……，忙于……，不断做……
work out 算出，解决，想出（办法），制定（计划），结局，至最后
work with … 对……起作用 work permit 工作许可证worry about 为……担心，烦恼 would like 想要（婉转表达个人的想法、看法）
would rather 宁愿，宁可 wrap sth in 用……把某物包起来
wrap up 包好，伪装 write down 记下，写下
write to 写信给 Well done / said! 干得好/说得好！
What a pity! 多可惜！真遗憾！ What a shame! 太不好意思了！太遗憾了！
What / How about…? ……怎么样？……好不好？
What becomes of … ？ ……变得怎样了？
What kind …? 何种……？ What time …? 几点……？
What’s on? 发生了什么事？ What’s the population of …? ……有多少人口？
What’s up? 怎么啦？ What’s wrong / the matter? 怎么了？
Would you mind…? 你介意……吗？
（24）Yy
year after year 年复一年，年年，每年（重复）
year by year 一年年（逐渐变化）
Young Pioneer 少先队员
You’re welcome. 不用谢。不客气。
（25）Zz
zebra crossing 斑马线
01 动词短语
1.（2023年北京高考英语）When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began
28 .
A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：书页开始飞逝。A. standing out突出；B. flying by飞越；飞逝；C.
breaking up分手；D. checking in登记。由上文“Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn totheft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.””可知，我开始写出很多
内容，所以此处用fly by来说明我很快写出了很多页，故选B
2．Could you _________ this form for me to see if I have filled it out correctly?
A．take over B．look after C．give off D．go over
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你能帮我检查一下这张表，看我是否填对了吗？A. take over接管；
B. look after照顾；C. give off发出；D. go over检查。根据“see if I have filled it out correctly”可知，请
求帮忙检查表格，用动词短语go over，符合语境。故选D项。
3．We can ______the options and try to come to a decision.
A．make up B．set up C．weigh up D．cut up
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们可以权衡各种选择，试着做出决定。A. make up化妆；B. set
up建立；C. weigh up权衡；D. cut up切碎。根据下文“try to come to a decision(试着做出决定)”可知，
空白处应填表示“权衡”含义的动词短语。故选C项。
1．After arriving at the hotel, we were able to ________ right away and the front desk staff were very helpful.
A．check up B．check in C．check out D．check over
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：到达酒店后，我们可以马上办理入住手续，前台的工作人员也非
常乐于助人。A. check up审查；B. check in（在旅馆、机场等) 登记；C. check out结账离开；D. check
over核对，仔细检查。根据句意及“After arriving at the hotel”可知，到达旅馆应该是办理“登记入住”
手续，所以此处使用check in，位于不定式符号to之后，应为动词原形。故选B项。
2．Before investing in the new technology, the company’s management team will ______ the potential loss
against the risks involved.
A．weigh up B．catch up C．pass up D．build up
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在投资新技术之前，公司的管理团队将权衡潜在的损失和所涉及
的风险。A. weigh up权衡、衡量；B. catch up赶上、追上；C. pass up错过、放弃；D. build up增强、
逐步建立。根据空处后的“the potential loss against the risks involved.”和句意可知，管理团队会权衡潜
在的损失和所涉及的风险后，再投资新技术。故选A。
3．—Tom, may I use your pen to ______ the application form?
—Sure. Here you are.A．fill out B．pay for C．fall down D．come out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——汤姆，我可以用你的钢笔填写申请表吗？——当然给你。A.
fill out填写；B. pay for支付；C. fall down跌倒；D. come out出来。根据前文use your pen可知，此处
指“填写申请表”。故选A。
4．With the new machine, they no longer have to ________ large number of temporary workers to do the
harvesting.
A．take up B．take in C．take on D．take after
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有了新机器，他们不再需要雇用大量的临时工来收割。A. take up
占据；B. take in吸收；C. take on雇佣；D. take after与……相像。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语take
on“雇佣”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
5．A big fire ______last night. Luckily, no one was injured.
A．broke through B．broke out C．broke into D．broke away
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨晚爆发了一场大火。幸运的是，没有人受伤。A. broke through
突破；B. broke out爆发（指战争、火灾、疾病等）；C. broke into突然进入；D. broke away逃离。根
据空前A big fire可知，此处指爆发了一场火灾。故选B项。
02 介词短语
1．It’s only right that human beings should learn to live ________ nature because they coexist with each other.
A．in honour of B．in harmony with C．in contrast to D．in control of
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：人类应该学会与自然和谐相处，因为他们彼此共存。A. in honour
of为纪念；B. in harmony with与……和谐一致；C. in contrast to与……形成对比；D. in control of控制。
根据“because they coexist with each other”可推知，介词短语in harmony with“与……和谐一致”符合题
意，表示人与与自然应和谐相处。故选B。
2．The teacher’s teaching style was , leading to positive feedback from students and parents.
A．within sight B．in order C．under control D．above average
【答案】D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：老师的教学方式高于平均水平，得到了学生和家长的积极反馈。A. within sight在视线内；B. in order井然有序；C. under control处于控制之下；D. above average高于平
均水平。根据“leading to positive feedback from students and parents”可知，此处是对该教师教学的正面
评价，因此介词短语above average“高于平均水平”符合题意，表示教学方式高于平均水平。故选D。
3．To keep their innovation ________ the times, Internet-based companies are sparing no efforts in digging
into more core technologies.
A．in tune with B．in conflict with C．in case of D．in place of
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了使他们的创新与时代保持一致，基于互联网的公司正在不遗
余力地深入挖掘更多的核心技术。 A. in tune with 与……保持一致；B. in conflict with 与……冲突；
C. in case of 如果发生，万一；D. in place of 代替，取代。互联网公司深入挖掘更多的核心技术是为了
使他们的创新与时代保持一致，in tune with意为“与……保持一致”，符合句子的语境，故选A项。
1．Govemments can pass laws which force companies to change their behavior ______ current principles of
environmental protection.
A．in line with B．in reply to C．in return for D．in honour of
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：政府可以通过法律，迫使公司改变他们的行为，以符合当前
的环境保护原则。A. in line with 和……一致；符合；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报
酬；D. in honour of 为纪念。根据“Govemments can pass laws which force companies to change their
behavior”可知，政府可以通过法律迫使公司改变其行为以符合当前的环境保护原则。故选A。
2．With eco-tourism ______, eco-hotels are fast becoming the darling of the travel industry.
A．under control B．on the rise
C．beyond description D．on the decline
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：随着生态旅游的兴起，生态酒店正迅速成为旅游行业的宠儿。
A. under control处于控制之下；B. on the rise在上涨； 在增长；C. beyond description无法形容；D. on
the decline在衰退中, 在下坡路上。根据“eco-hotels are fast becoming the darling of the travel industry.”可
知，生态酒店迅速成为旅游行业的宠儿，所以因为生态旅游的兴起。故选B。
3．Many enterprising young people present their ideas ________getting investment and advice to start their
own business.
A．in possession of B．by means of C．as a result of D．in anticipation of【答案】D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：许多有进取心的年轻人提出自己的想法，期待着获得投资和创业
建议。A. in possession of拥有；B. by means of借助……手段，依靠……方法；C. as a result of因为；
D. in anticipation of期待，预计。根据空前的resent their ideas和空后的getting investment and advice to
start their own business可知，年轻人提出自己的想法是希望得到投资和建议。故选D。
4．The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help with his
performance.
A．at random B．on the whole C．on average D．in general
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：魔术师从观众中随机挑选了几个人，请他们帮助他表演。A. at
random随机地；B. on the whole大体上；C. on average平均而言；D. in general一般来说。结合句意及
“from the audience”可知，此处指“从观众中随机挑选了几个人”，故选A。
5．The company launched a new product ______ the changing market demand.
A．by virtue of B．in response to C．on behalf of D．with regard to
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：为了回应不断变化的市场需求，该公司推出了一款新产品。
A. by virtue of由于，因为；B. in response to响应，回答，对……作出反应；C. on behalf of代表；D.
with regard to关于。根据“the changing market demand.”可知，公司推出新产品以回应不断变化的市场
需求。故选B。
其他短语
1．They sold grain during times of famine.
A．to their credit B．in credit
C．on credit D．on credit card
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：在饥荒时，他们靠赊帐卖掉谷物。A. to their credit值得称赞的；
B. in credit信用，结余；C. on credit赊账；D. on credit card在信用卡上。根据句意可知，此处指“赊
账”应用on credit。故选C。
2．Tourism has also been greatly ________ the rapid development of some developing nations.
A．lain in B．consisted in C．responsible for D．accounted for
【答案】C【详解】考查形容词和动词短语辨析。句意：旅游业也是一些发展中国家的快速发展的原因。A.lain in
分娩；B.consisted in存在于；C.responsible for是……的原因；D.accounted for是……的原因。根据
“the rapid development of some developing nations”可知，此处是指旅游业是一些发展中国家的快速发展
的原因。be responsible for意为“是……的原因”，动词短语account for意为“是……的原因”。故选
C。
3．He managed to ________ the earthquake which killed many people.
A．live through B．live on
C．be survived D．be alive
【答案】A
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：地震使许多人丧生，但他却成功地活了下来。分析各个选项可知，live
through为及物动词短语，表示“经历过，经受”；live on表示“以……为主食”；survive为不及物动
词，不用于被动语态；be alive为表语形容词短语表示“活着的”，后面不能直接跟the earthquake。故
选A项。
1．______ Susan ______ Amy attended the business conference because they were busy.
A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Neither; nor D．Either; or
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：苏珊和艾米都没有参加商务会议，因为他们很忙。A. Not only; but
also不仅……而且；B. Both; and……和……都；C. Neither; nor两者都不；D. Either; or不是……就是，
要么……要么。根据后文because they were busy可知，他们两个都没有参加会议。故选C。
2．She has unbelievably __________. She can grow anything.
A．a wet blanket B．a piece of cake C．green fingers D．a black sheep
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：她有令人难以置信的园艺技能。她什么都能种。A. a wet blanket
扫兴的人；B. a piece of cake小菜一碟；C. green fingers园艺技能；D. a black sheep害群之马。由“She
can grow anything”可知，句子表示“她有令人难以置信的园艺技能”，空格处意为“园艺技能”。故
选C。
3．He attached labels to his baggage ________ someone might pick it up by mistake.
A．provided that B．in case C．even though D．as if
【答案】B
【详解】考查连词短语辨析。句意：他在行李上贴上标签，以防有人误拿。A. provided that如果；B.in case以防万一；C. even though尽管；D. as if好像。根据前文“He attached labels to his baggage”和后
文“someone might pick it up by mistake”可知，此处是指以防有人误拿，所以应用in case表示“以防万
一”。故选B。
4．In contrast to the increasing original English books in China, you can only find a few books about modern
China in the libraries of schools and universities in the UK, _______ in the bookshops.
A．rather than B．let alone C．other than D．as against
【答案】B
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：与中国越来越多的英语原版书籍形成鲜明对比的是，在英国的中小学
图书馆和大学图书馆里，你只能找到几本关于现代中国的书，更不用说在书店了。A. rather than而不
是；B. let alone更不用说；C. other than除……以外；D. as against与……相对照。根据空前的“you can
only find a few books about modern China in the libraries of schools and universities in the UK”可知，你在
英国的中小学图书馆和大学图书馆里只能找到几本关于现代中国的书，所以在书店更加找不到什么了，
这里强调程度的加深，应用let alone。故选B。
5．______the classic Shi Ji, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
A．Superior to B．Prior to C．Due to D．Similar to
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：在《史记》之前，我接触过的历史巨著只有荷马的史诗。A.
Superior to优于；B. Prior to在……之前；C. Due to由于；D. Similar to类似于。分析句子可知，空格处
构成句子的时间状语，表示时间上“早于……”，故选B项。
（最新模拟试题演练）
1．The Smith family has been carefully __________ their adopted child since they welcomed him into their
home.
A．bringing up B．telling off C．finding out D．taking in
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：自从史密斯一家欢迎他们收养的孩子来到他们家以来，他们一直
小心翼翼地抚养他。A. bringing up抚养；B. telling off训斥，责备；C. finding out发现；D. taking in吸
收，欺骗。该句为现在完成进行时，所以此处使用现在分词形式，结合句意以及空后的“adoptedchild”可知，此处应表示“抚养”那个收养的孩子。故选A项。
2．The US government’s immigration policy has ______ fierce debate.
A．taken off B．brought up C．built up D．set off
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国政府的移民政策引发了激烈的争论。A. taken off起飞；B.
brought up抚养成人；C. built up逐渐发展；D. set off引发。根据“fierce debate”可知，此处是指引发了
激烈的争论。故选D。
3．On arriving in Athens from Marathon, the messenger whose legs collapsed on the spot, ________ the
victory news and entirely exhausted himself.
A．left out B．gave out C．held out D．turned out
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从马拉松抵达雅典时，这位双腿瘫痪的信使当场倒下，宣布了胜
利的消息后筋疲力尽。A. left out遗漏；B. gave out发出，宣布；C. held out伸出；D. turned out结果是。
分析句意可知，此处缺主句的谓语动词，且后接宾语“胜利的消息”，使用动词短语give out“宣布”
符合语境。故选B项。
4．More often than not, it is easier to make a plan than to ________ a plan.
A．come out B．carry out C．give out D．work out
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：制定计划往往比执行计划容易。A. come out出版，结果出来；B.
carry out执行；C. give out分发，耗尽；D. work out解答出，锻炼。根据it is easier to make a plan than
可知，制定计划往往比执行计划容易。故选B。
5．The conflict between Russia and Ukraine ________ on the Feb. 24th, 2022.
A．stood out B．got through C．took in D．broke out
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：俄乌冲突于2022年2月24日爆发。A. stood out脱颖而出，突出；
B. got through 结束，打通（电话）；C. took in 吸收，领会；D. broke out 爆发。结合 The conflict
between Russia and Ukraine可知，空格处应表达“爆发”，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，故
用break out的过去式broke out。故选D。
6．The professor said that he was interested only in his research, and didn’t others’ opinions.
A．care about B．rely on C．believe in D．refer to
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这位教授说他只对自己的研究感兴趣，不在乎别人的意见。
A.care about关心，在意；B.rely on依靠；C.believe in相信；D.refer to提到。根据上文“The professorsaid that he was interested only in his research”可知，此处使用care about“关心，在意”符合句意，故选
择A项。
7．The company has launched several types of cars this year, and one in particular ________ the young with
high incomes.
A．subscribes to B．admits to C．appeals to D．adapts to
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：该公司今年推出了几款车型，其中一款特别吸引高收入的年轻人。
A. subscribes to 订阅，同意；B. admits to 承认，允许……进入；C. appeals to 对……有吸引力；D.
adapts to适应。结合“The company has launched several types of cars this year”以及空后的“the young
with high incomes”可知，此处指“其中一款特别吸引高收入的年轻人”，appeals to符合题意，故选
C。
8．Nowadays, we can move around the world and still ________ the people that we want to remain friends
with thanks to modern social media tools.
A．correspond with B．stay in touch with
C．lose track of D．communicate with
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如今，多亏了现代社交媒体工具，我们可以周游世界，仍然
与我们想保持朋友关系的人保持联系。A. correspond with与……通信；B. stay in touch with与……保持
联系；C. lose track of不了解……的情况；D. communicate with与……交流。根据“we want to remain
friends with”和“thanks to modern social media tools”可知，现代社交媒体工具可以让我们与想保持朋友
关系的人保持联系。故选B。
9．As Confucius put it, we should ________ ourselves three times each day.
A．pass down B．reflect on C．show respect to D．lose track of
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如孔子所说，我们应当每天反省三次（吾日三省吾身）。A.
pass down流传；B. reflect on反思；C. show respect to 对……表示尊敬；D. lose track of与……失去联
系。根据空后的ourselves three times each day并结合常识可知，孔子说的是吾日三省吾身，所以这里指
的是每天反省三次。故选B。
10．________ his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel
Peace Prize.
A．Apart from B．Regardless of C．Instead of D．Due to
【答案】D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于他为实现和平与国际合作所作的努力，总统被授予诺贝尔和平奖。A. Apart from除了……外（都）；B. Regardless of不管；C. Instead of而不是；D. Due to由于。
根据句意，这里表示原因，应用Due to。故选D。
1．We were experimenting with a range of flavor combinations when we _______ chocolate.
A．hit upon B．came up C．met with D．occurred to
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们在尝试一系列风味组合时，偶然发现了巧克力。A. hit upon
偶然发现；B. came up走进；C. met with会见；D. occurred to想到。根据chocolate可知，我们在做实
验时偶然发现了巧克力，hit upon符合题意。故选A项。
2．I’m __________ the decision to continue the event instead of cancelling it. It is very important to many
people.
A．in possession of B．in favor of C．in search of D．in fear of
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我赞成继续举办这次活动，而不是取消它。这对许多人来说是非
常重要的。A. in possession of拥有；B. in favor of赞成；C. in search of寻找；D. in fear of害怕。根据后
文It is very important to many people.可知，此处表示“赞成”。故选B。
3．— How about your life abroad?
— A little hard, but I’ll try my best to ______it.
A．be busy with B．stay away from C．get used to D．look up to
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——你在国外的生活怎么样?——有点难，但我会尽力去适应
的。A. be busy with忙于；B. stay away from离……远点，躲避……；C. get used to习惯于；D. look up
to尊敬；敬仰。根据“A little hard, but I’ll try my best to”可知，会尽力习惯于去适应国外的生活。故选
C。
4．If the students’ workload increases, they will need to manage their time effectively in order to ______the
demands and maintain their academic performance.
A．face up to B．keep pace with C．put up with D．live up to
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果学生的工作量增加，他们将需要有效地管理他们的时间，以
跟上需求和保持他们的学业表现。A. face up to勇敢面对；B. keep pace with与……保持同步，赶上；C.
put up with忍受；D. live up to达到。根据the demands和maintain their academic performance可知，此
处表示跟上需求并维持学业表现。故选B。5．My boss allowed me to leave early this afternoon, but I had to ______ the time the next day.
A．make up B．take up C．turn up D．pick up
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：老板允许我今天下午早点下班，但我必须第二天补上这些时间。
A. make up弥补；B. take up占据；C. turn up出现；D. pick up挑选。根据“My boss allowed me to leave
early this afternoon”可知，此处是指第二天把时间补上。故选A。
6． a little extra light throughout the day may do more than just lift your spirits.
A．Letting in B．Taking up C．Sending out D．Putting aside
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天中多让一点额外的光线进来可能不仅仅是振奋你的精神。A.
Letting in允许（空气、光线、水等）进入；B. Taking up占据；C. Sending out发送，派遣；D. Putting
aside把……放在一边，搁置。根据“a little extra light”可知，此处指“让多一点光线进来”，故选A。
7．In Rio Olympics, the Chinese women volleyball team secured a victory and painted the most vivid
portrait of the team’s competitive spirits.
A．in consequence B．once and for all C．against all odds D．close at hand
【答案】C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在里约奥运会上，中国女排克服重重困难取得了胜利，展现了中
国女排最鲜明的竞技精神。A. in consequence结果；B. once and for all彻底地；C. against all odds尽管
困难重重；D. close at hand在附近。根据句意可知，中国女排应该是在困难重重的情况下取得了胜利。
故选C项。
8．Now my time is almost up. In a few days, someone else will arrive to _______, and the tireless work of
MSF members around the world will go on.
A．step into my shoes B．pull my weight C．take my breath D．come to my
aid
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我的时间快到了。再过几天，就会有其他人来接替我，世界
各地无国界医生组织成员的不懈工作将继续下去。A. step into my shoes接替我的工作；B. pull my
weight尽职责；C. take my breath夺走我的呼吸；D. come to my aid帮助某人。根据句中的my time is
almost up和the tireless work of MSF members around the world will go on可知，我在这里工作的时间快
结束了，但有其他人来继续工作，所以是有人来接替我。故选A。
9．Work hard and practise more, and your effort will __________.
A．pay off B．give way C．carry on D．burst onto
【答案】A【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：努力工作，多练习，你的努力会得到回报的。A. pay off得到
回报；B. give way让步；C. carry on继续；D. burst onto突然出现。根据“Work hard and practise more,”
可知，努力会得到回报。故选A。
10．If we all agree on the price of the products, let’s ________ the discussion and come into the next part.
A．make up B．turn up C．wind up D．set up
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果大家对产品价格意见一致的话，让我们结束讨论进入下一阶
段。 A. make up构成、编造；B. turn up出现；C. wind up完成、停止（活动）；D. set up建立。根据
“come into next part”可知，此处表示结束讨论。故选C项。
（2023·北京·高考真题）I was always timid (羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even 24
, so it was surprising I’d 25 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price — to write a five-page
essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night!
After I got home, though. I took my time petting the cat-postponing the pain.
When I finally sat down to 26 , I began with the reasons Ms. Black would want to hear.
Talking kept me and my neighbours from 27 . One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my
pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was
throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.”
The pages began 28 .
But when mum got home from work, I was still 29 , “Five pages! That’s impossible!”
“Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said. “and I want to read it when you’re through.”
Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a 30 — at least an “I hope you’ve
learned your lesson”. 31 , mum laughed and laughed as she read.
The next day, when Ms. Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 32 they
weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. My 33 still
needed some nudging (激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.
24．A．freer B．shyer C．calmer D．happier
25．A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat
26．A．weep B．rest C．write D．read
27．A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing
28．A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in
29．A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning30．A．lecture B．reason C．reward D．solution
31．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Instead
32．A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict
33．A．patience B．confidence C．tolerance D．independence
【答案】
24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．
B
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者很害羞，刚来到新学校后更加害羞，不爱说话。于是老
师让作者写一篇五页的“我为什么不应该在课上讲话”的文章。作者写的文章很搞笑，第二天当老师
在课堂上读作者的文章时，同学们都笑了起来。
24．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：初来乍到使我更加害羞，所以我应该和身边的任何人聊天这
是很令人惊讶的。A. freer更自由的；B. shyer更害羞的；C. calmer更冷静的；D. happier更高兴的。由
上文“I was always timid(羞怯的)”和“even”可知，前后是程度的加深，我很害羞，所以刚到新学校更
加害羞了，故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：初来乍到使我更加害羞，所以我应该和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人
惊讶的。A. nod点头；B. point指；C. listen听；D. chat闲聊。由下文“Now I was paying the price﹣to
write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”.(现在我在付出代价——就“我为什么不应该
在班里说话”写一篇五页的文章)”和“I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear.”可知，布莱
克老师想知道我为什么不在班里说话的原因，由此可知，当老师想让我和同学们说话时，我认为要我
和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的，故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于坐下来开始写作时，我首先说出了布莱克老师想听的理由。
A. weep哭泣；B. rest 休息；C. write 写；D. read读。由上文“to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I
Should Not Talk in Class””可知，此处write是同词复现，我开始写这篇五页的文章，故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈话使我和我的邻桌不能学习。A. learning学习；B. playing玩；C.
planning计划；D. laughing笑。由上文“Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on “Why
I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night!”和“I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to
hear.”可知，现在我要写一篇五页的文章，那要花费我一晚上，所以说和邻桌谈话会阻止我和邻居学习，
且以谈话会妨碍学习来解释，说明自己爱学习，这也是老师愿意听到的，故选A。
28．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：书页开始飞逝。A. standing out突出；B. flying by飞越；飞逝；C.
breaking up分手；D. checking in登记。由上文“Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to
theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.””可知，我开始写出很多
内容，所以此处用fly by来说明我很快写出了很多页，故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈下班回家的时候，我仍然在抱怨，“五页！这不可能！”A. celebrating庆祝；B. longing渴望；C. complaining抱怨；D. warning警告。由下文““Five
pages! That’s impossible!””可知，我认为我不可能写完这五页的内容，所以在抱怨，故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有点期待得到一种说教——至少一句“我希望你已经吸取了教训”。
A. lecture 说教；B. reason 原因；C. reward 奖励；D. solution 解决办法。由下文“at least an “I hope
you’ve learned your lesson”.”可知，“我希望你已经吸取了教训”这是一种说教，故选A。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，妈妈一边读一边笑。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C.
Meanwhile同时；D. Instead代替；反而。前后句子“I half expected a______7____﹣at least an “I hope
you’ve learned your lesson”.”和“mum laughed and laughed as she read.”内容相反，应用instead，我本期
待得到妈妈的奖励，然而妈妈非但没有奖励，反而在读我的文章时一边读一边笑，故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能判断出他们不是在取笑我：他们笑是因为我有能力讲一个有趣的
故事。A. hope希望；B. imagine想象；C. tell告诉；看出，判断出；区分；D. predict预计。由下文
“they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story.”可知，我能判
断出来，他们笑是因为我讲的故事搞笑，而不是在取笑我，故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自信心仍然需要一些推动，但我确实学到了我在写作的时候并不
害羞。A. patience耐心；B. confidence自信；C. tolerance忍受；D. independence独立。由下文“still
needed some nudging(激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.”和第一段提到的我很害羞可知，我的自信
心不足，需要一些推动，故选B。
（2022·北京·高考真题）One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped
to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I 24 a movement of the heavy wooden
door. This was the very door I 25 guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter
cold. I felt a chill (寒意) go through my body.
My legs carried me to that door, and I pushed it open. It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was
26 that day. He had been dropped off at school late and was 27 to open the door.
He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was
treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to 28 , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I
thought.
The next morning, one of the first to 29 was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in
with energy, but his 30 could be heard as loud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and told him how
31 I was to see him. His words have stayed with me all these years, “I knew you would open the door.”
That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to 32 . To a child, every
minute feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; he waited and trusted. This five-year-old taught
me a powerful lesson in 33 .24．A．caused B．spotted C．checked D．imagined
25．A．hesitantly B．randomly C．dizzily D．carefully
26．A．angry B．absent C．special D．noisy
27．A．courageous B．content C．unable D．unwilling
28．A．recover B．play C．change D．wait
29．A．settle B．gather C．arrive D．react
30．A．sneeze B．weep C．complaint D．laughter
31．A．lucky B．happy C．curious D．nervous
32．A．show up B．pull up C．hold up D．line up
33．A．gratitude B．forgiveness C．faith D．kindness
【答案】
24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．
C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开门，于是大冬天的
在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师
会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A. caused引起、使发生；
B. spotted看见、注意到；C. checked检查、核对；D. imagined想象。根据后面的“a movement of the
heavy wooden door.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spot符合语境。故选B项。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭
的门。A. hesitantly迟疑地、踌躇地；B. randomly随机地；C. dizzily头晕眼花地；D. carefully小心地、
谨慎地。根据后面的“to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.”可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说
明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过，carefully符合语境。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。A. angry生气的、愤
怒的；B. absent缺席的、不在的；C. special特殊的、特别的；D. noisy嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的
“He had been dropped off at school late and was ____4____ to open the door.”可知，是小男孩来晚了，又
开不了门，所以老师以为他没来，此处absent符合语境。故选B项
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门。A. courageous勇敢的；B. content
满足的、满意的；C. unable无法胜任的、不会的；D. unwilling不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy
wooden door.”和下文的“He must have been waiting there for quite a while!”可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，
所以才在门外等了很久，此处指“打不开门”，unable符合语境。故选C项
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A. recover恢复、康复；
B. play 玩闹、戏弄；C. change 改变；D. wait 等待。根据前面的“He was treated for frostbite on hishands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recover符合语境。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle解决、
定居；B. gather 聚集、召集；C. arrive 到达；D. react 反应。根据下文“Not only did he run in with
energy,”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用
arrive。故选C项
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来，而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮！A.
sneeze打喷嚏；B. weep哭泣；C. complaint抱怨；D. laughter笑声。根据前面的“Not only did he run in
with energy”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明身体恢复好了，结合后面的“could be heard as
loud as ever”可知，此处应指“笑声和以前一样响亮”，laughter符合语境。故选D项
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了他一个温暖的拥抱，告诉他我很高兴见到他。A. lucky幸运的；
B. happy开心的、幸福的；C. curious好奇的；D. nervous紧张的、担忧的。根据上文“He’d need time
to ____5____ , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought.”可知，作者以为小男孩不会来学校，
所以看到小男孩的时候，应该是开心的，happy符合语境。故选B项
32．考查短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A. show up
露面，出现；B. pull up拔起、停下来；C. hold up举起、阻挡；D. line up排队。根据上下文语义可知，
小男孩在门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用show up符合语境。故选A项
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个五岁的孩子给我在信念方面上了一堂有力的课。A. gratitude感激；
B. forgiveness宽恕；C. faith信任、信念；D. kindness善良、仁慈。根据前面“He didn’t attempt to walk
back home; he waited and trusted.”可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，却没有试图回家，说明小男孩有很强
的的信念，故此处指老师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西，此处指“关于信念的课”，faith
符合语境。故选C项
