考点20完形填空（新高考专用）（解析版）_3.2025英语总复习_2023年新高考资料_一轮复习_备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）_考点20完形填空（新高考专用）

考点 20 完形填空（新高 考专用）（解析版） 【命题解读】 1.【词不离句、句不离篇原则】 做题时避免见空填空，即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择，失误率会大大增加。 完形填空强调单词、短语在语境(句子层面、段落层面，篇章层面)中的应用。填第一空时， 务必读到第二空，很多时候两个题空之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类推。 2.【无关词排除原则】 文章一般都有非常明确的中心主线，结构很紧凑，正确选项一般都是紧扣文章的中心 主线，一些看上去明显和文章主线毫无关系的选项，可以排除在外。 3．【末段紧扣主题原则】 文章的末段通常是本文内容的升华，或是主旨大意的概括，或是作者思想境界的提升 等，总之与主题密切相关，与文章主题无关或相左的选项可以排除。 思维导图5 大方法速判句内层次题 句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭 借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。 【方法1 利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题】 [例] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be __41__ to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, 42.finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin. 41．A.attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted 分析：本题可以利用习惯搭配解题。根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知主 人公的真名是隐私的、不可透露的。由此可知正确选项。 【方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题】 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考 生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而 轻松地做出正确判断。 [例] [2021·全国卷乙]And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded. 59．A.risking B．changing C．saving D．building 分析：第59题考查语境和常识推断。对许多人来说，挽救(saving)生命是医护人员工 作的一部分，但是做头发是额外的(extra)事，应当得到酬谢。risk“冒险”；change“改变”； build“培养，发展”。 【方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题】 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的 各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的 已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [例] [2021·浙江卷]．..However，within fifteen minutes of 39.arriving，my worries had gone. Everyone was so __40__ and like-minded that it was very 41.easy to feel at home. 40．A.confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious 分析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。 Everyone was so __40__ and like-minded that it was 形容词 并列连词 形容词 very 41.easy to feel at home. 从上述分析可以看出，第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关系。因为有and这一并列连 词，并且and前后意思应该一致，由此可知正确选项。 【方法4 利用逻辑关系解题】 此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用 于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑 关系。 [例] [2020·山东高考模拟卷]I am willing to 32.stay__up here for as long as it takes,__33__ I honestly hope it won't be 34.too__long before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 35.logged. 33．A.but B．though C．because D．so 分析：本题可以利用转折关系解题。空前提到“我愿意待在树上”，空后说“我不希 望待在树上太长时间”，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系。 【方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题】 上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语 篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据 已知信息，推导出正确答案。 [例] [2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team. 49．A.grateful B．thoughtful C．sorrowful D．fearful 分析：本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的，体贴的” sorrowful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的，害怕的” 4 大技巧稳抓句组层次题 句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群 之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 【技巧1 利用语义复现解题】 复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、 同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。 因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。 1．原词复现 [例] [2020·全国卷Ⅰ]One day they'll 47.wake__up and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a __48__． I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences. I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we're telling is doing 52.spiritual__ damage to our children. 48．A.dream B．lie C．fantasy D．fact 分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。由下文的“ I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie ...”并结合语境可知正确选项。 2．同义复现 [例] [2021·3月天津卷]For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17.emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18.instead. 16．A.amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened 分析：本题可以利用同义复现解题。根据下文的“After letting go of his anger and frustration”可知此处和“anger”“ frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。 3．反义复现 [例] [2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our 48.roles in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds. 51.Slow__down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little more high- pressure than I'd 52.expected. 50．A.harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper 分析：本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管前文提到了“Our 48.roles in the factory were simple”，根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”“a little more high- pressure”可知，作者想表达实际 上作者他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成反义复现。 4．代词复现[例] [2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed__off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go. 57．A.woman B．police C．man D．driver 分析：本题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还 需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有 police是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。 【技巧2 利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题】 在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和 感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题 时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 [例] [2021·浙江卷 1月]My job was to 45.build a stairway out of rock. This 46.meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions，although I should say they were only heard，never 47.seen. Three days later，a beautiful stairway came into being. The __48__ of knowing that my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. 48．A.satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention 分析：本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据划线处后半句“my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive”，“了解我的工作成果(work)将会在 未来数年都在这个山坡上”，作者对自己的工作有十足的满足感，故用satisfaction“满足， 满足感”。 【技巧3 利用逻辑关系解题】 在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。 [例1] [2021·天津卷3月]In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. __32__， the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.32．A.Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile 分析：本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时， 孩子们也获得了成就感。otherwise“否则，不然”；however“但是”；somehow“以某种方 式”；meanwhile“与此同时”。 [例 2] [2020·新高考山东卷]When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23.disturbing happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24.damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. __25__， the number of snakes had declined as well. 25．A.Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 分析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。空前提到“鸟的数量减少了”，空后提到“蛇的 数量也减少了”，此处表示语意上的递进。 【技巧4 利用语境暗示分析法解题】 在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已 知信息，推导出正确答案。 [例] [2021·全国卷甲]Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni. 44．A.filled B．locked C．abandoned D．lost 分析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给 朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。【真题 1】【2022年新高考1卷】 My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to _____50_____ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _____51_____. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there _____52_____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were _____53_____. Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of _____54_____, wondering what camping fun and _____55_____ we will experience next. 41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries 42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried 44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed 47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right 54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒 险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 【 41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时 候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一 些记忆是有趣的。故选C。 【 42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车； C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边 露营。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒 的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小 溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。 【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧 的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服， 所以才会哭。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于； B. instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳 子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中 断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房、结账离开；D. headed off启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文 “but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴 朗。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中 断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下 文“our peaceful morning trips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选 B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知， 此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根 绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地； D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.” 可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选 D。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全 的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可 推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充 满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责； C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun” 可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充 满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure 冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。 【真题 2】【2022年新高考2卷】 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25- year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___23___ . They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says. 21. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full- time 22. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 23. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 24. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 25. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 26. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 27. A. plan B. explain C. compare D.complete 28. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 29. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 30. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 31. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 32. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 33. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing . 34 A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 35. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在 他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对 夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项 工作。A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根 据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. (在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新 加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同 寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不 同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的； D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵， 但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地 的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选 C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时 候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的； D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时 候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。 根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、 给植物浇水。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的 宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。 根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的 宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根 据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support 支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋 友家，应用stay at。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的 预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后 文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用 success。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的 预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文 提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功 率才高。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子 的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠； C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发 送宠物的照片。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房 子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的； C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持 房子的清洁。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜 测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人， 所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。 【真题 3】【2021年6月新高考1卷】My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1 little bunny（兔子）cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I'd 5 minimum wage. I'd see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their 7 . Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing （ 糖 霜 ） ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd 12 . Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 1.A.sold B.ordered C,made D.reserved 2.A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens 3.A.generous B.financial C.technical D.temporary 4.A.plans B.problems C.excuses D.hobbies 5.A.offer B.earn C.set D.suggest 6.A.worked B.closed C.developed D.survived 7.A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation 8.A.joys B.ideas C.roles D.choices 9.A.Save B.Keep C.Stop D.Remove 10.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper 11.A.Calm down B.Slow down C.Stay on D.Move on 12.A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered 13.A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused 14.A.tasting B.finding C.sharing D.delivering15.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate 【文章大意】本文是本文是夹叙夹议的文章，，文章讲述了作者第一次假期打工的经历， 作者从中感悟到工作不易，要尊重那些辛苦工作的人。 【解析】1 ：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是Hough Bakeries的经理，在复活节 期间，为其遍布Cleveland的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。根据后文可知作者在工厂里做蛋糕。故 选C。 2 ：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是Hough Bakeries的经理，在复活节 期间，为其遍布Cleveland的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。分析题目可知，此处是指同一品牌旗下 的商店。故选A。 3 ：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们春假期间，市中心的工厂碰巧需要八个孩子临时帮忙。 分析题目可知，工厂需要临时工。故选D。 4 ：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我对春假没有别的计划。分析题目可 知，这句话里的which指的是春假，作者对此没有别的计划，故选A。 5 ：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。分析题目可知，作者要去工厂做工挣钱。故 选B。 6 ： A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。分析题目可知，此处是指作者通 过去工厂做工而观察到工厂如何运作。故选A。 7 ：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的想法，并打电话给Betsy 的父亲，得到他们的允许。分析题目可知，给Betsy的父亲打电话是为了得到许可。故选 B。 8 ：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的职责很简单。分析题目可知，此处是指作者在工 厂里的职责。故选C。9 ：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子从传送带上拿下来。根据前文 Place cakes on a moving belt，然后加上有糖霜的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子，这里应该是指把兔子拿下来。故选D。 10 ：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来要难。分析题目可知，作者的工作听起来很简单 但实际很困难。故选A。 11 ： B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：稍微慢一点，蛋糕就堆积如山。分析题目可知，这里指的是如 果做工时手脚不够快，蛋糕就会堆起来。故选B。 12 ：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都比我之前预想的要有压力。分析题目可知，作者之前没 料到工作会压力这么大。故选C。 13 ：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸笑了。分析题目可知，作者的父亲听到作者抱怨工作压力 联想到自己童年的经历，觉得很正常，所以笑了起来。故选B。 14 ：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在 Bernardswille送外 卖。分析题目可知，作者的父亲应该是在递送食物，其他选项不符。故选D。 15 ：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你对自己挣的钱心存感激，并尊重那 些从事这项工作的人。分析题目可知，作者的父亲认为工作能让你认识到挣钱的价值，心 怀感恩。故选D。 【真题 4】【2021年6月新高考2卷】 Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to ____21____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor". The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____22____ However,he is more devoted to his “____23____ "than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the ____24____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____25____ the beggars.Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the ____26____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____27____ of the beggars. “I often ____28____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____29____,they began to talk a lot,"Wang said. “I'd then ____30____ myself to use the toilet, ____31____ what the beggars said, and send the ____32____ to my teammates.” Wang，who is often in ____33____ situations， is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can ____34____ from me," he said. Wang's ____35____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris. 21. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak 22. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman 23. A. role B. study C. family D. audience 24. A. minor B. case C. future D. question 25. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted 26. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom 27. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust 28. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected 29. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost 30. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow 31. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out 32. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information 33. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange 34. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear 35. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D.optimism 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的 38年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了 说不同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的38年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的 方言，这让他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess评估； D.speak讲话 。根据“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成 别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A.lawyer 律师； B.doctor 医生； C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ，Wang disguised（伪装）himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生是一名警察。故填C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；B.study学习； C.family 家庭；D.audience观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知， 王投身于演员的角色中。故填A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成 年人，辅修；B.case 情况,案件；C.future 未来；D.question问题 。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案 件。故填B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed 采访； B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他 混入乞丐中。故填B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.challenge 挑战；B.experience 经历；C.appearance 出现，外表； D.freedom自由 。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故 填C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人 信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批准； D.trust 信任。根据“ his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得 乞丐们信任。故填D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多 话。A.invited 邀请；B.forced 强迫；C.helped 帮助；D.expected期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为了套话，王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很 多话。A.drunk喝醉的； B.deserted抛弃的； C.bored 无聊的；D.lost失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发 给我的队友。A.guide 引导；B.persuade劝说； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow允许 。根据 “and send the to my teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。 故填C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信 息发给我的队友。A.refer to 指的是；B.note down作记录; C.ask about 询问；D.miss out 错 过，遗漏。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发 给我的队友。A.plan 计划；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指导；D.information 信息。根 据“what the beggars said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。 【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A.awkward 尴 尬的；B.dangerous危险的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填 B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A.separate 分离；B.recover恢复； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和 11项嘉奖。A.courage 勇气；B.honesty 诚实；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 乐观。根据 “Wang disguised（伪装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。 【真题 5】【2020年山东卷】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.21．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice 22．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 23．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward 24．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage 25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 26．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted 27．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust 28．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 29．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 30．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 31．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding 32．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial 33．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 34．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect 35．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued 这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的 家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减 少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年 的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。 21．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream 梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是 他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 22．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然； B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。 故选A。 23．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的 事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的； D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。 24．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走 了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。 洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 25．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However 但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离 开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。 26．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意 识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 27．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉， 从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。 28． 考查名词D词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身 之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护， 遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 29．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动； B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 30．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在 那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前 面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故 选B。 31．C考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分 叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼 苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 32．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部 分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选 A。 33．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置 了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。 根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。 由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。 34．D 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置 了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他 将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。 35．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的 天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选 D。 【真题 6】【2020年海南卷】 When Jim Grant spotted back smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he 1 his car to call 911. Then he 2 a U-turn, circling back to take another look.Pulling up to the building. Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines 3 , Grant rushed to a side 4 and ran up the stairs. On the second floor, he 5 every apartment door "Get out!" Grant shouted. No one 6 and he assumed that people had already 7 . Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant 8 a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a 9 woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's 10 !" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait. Clutching（抓 牢）the baby to his chest and 11 the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was 12 outside, the only 13 in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the 14 and they rushed into the smoky building. Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for heir 15 . 1.A.drove B.stopped C.reached D.abandoned 2. A.saw B.made C.missed D.crossed 3. A.burning B.leaving C.approaching D.waiting 4. A.entrance B.mad C.building D.window 5. A.locked B.kicked C.counted D.repaired 6. A.agreed B.cared C.responded D.understood 7. A.arrived B.returned C.hidden D.escaped 8. A.skipped B.closed C.noticed D.remembered 9. A.frightened B.curious C.patient D.grateful 10. A.turn back B.go up C.get out D.lie down 11.A.following B.dragging C.Examining D.passing 12. A.safely B.secretly C.suddenly D.previously 13. A.witness B.guide C.service D.help 14. A.woman B.door C.car D.baby 15. A.wisdom B.generosity C.honesty D.courage 答案：BBCAB CDCAC BADAD解析：文章大意：这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑 烟并且楼上窗户喷火，他就冲上楼救了两个孩子，并且告诉警察上面还有一个女人，于是 女人也获救了。 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉姆·格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟时，他停 下车打911。A. drove驾驶；B. stopped停下来；C. reached到达；D. abandoned抛弃。分析 可知，大楼冒黑烟是着火了，所以停下车去拨打911报警符合题意，故选：B。 2 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他掉头，绕回来再看一眼。A. see看；B. make做；C. miss错过；D. cross交叉；横过。make a U-turn意为掉头，固定搭配。故选：B。 3 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。 没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. burn燃烧；B. leave 离开；C. approach接近；D. wait等待。分析可知，火焰都已经从二楼喷出来，并且可以看 出格兰特跑上楼梯去救火，可以推测是因为消防车没来，此处approaching表示接近，符合 题意，故选：C。 4 ：考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。 没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. entrance入口；B. road路；C. building楼；D. window窗户。根据语境可知，二楼窗户喷火并且消防车没来所 以格兰特冲到侧门是为了救火，符合题意，side entrance侧门。故选：A。 5 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在二楼，他踢了每个公寓的门。A. lock锁；B. kick踢；C. count计算；D. repaire修。根据上文可知，大楼着火了。格兰特冲上楼去救火，所以踢门 符合题意，是为了看里面是否有人。故选：B。 6 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. agree同意；B. care照顾；C. respond回应；D. understand理解。分析可知，格兰特踢门问里面是否有人， 再结合后面他认为人已经逃走了可以判断出是没有人回应他。故选：C。 7 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. arrive到达；B. return返回；C. hid藏；D. escape逃离。分析可知，格兰特踢门但没有人回应，所以他以为 人们已经逃走 (escaped) 符合题意，故选：D。 8 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达走廊尽头时，格兰特注意到一扇半开的门。A. skip跳；B. close关闭；C. notice注意；D. remember记得。分析可知，上文格兰特以为人们都逃走了，并且格兰特是来救人的，所以格兰特注意到一扇半开的们符合题意，故选： C。 9 ：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把它踢得很宽，发现一个坐在轮椅上的吓坏了的女人， 她带着一个小男孩和一个小婴儿。A. frightened害怕的；B. curious好奇的；C. patient耐心 的；D. grateful感谢的。分析可知，发生了火灾，所以女人是害怕的符合题意，故选：A。 10 ：考查动词短语辨析。句意： "我们出去吧！" 他大声喊道。A. turn back返回；B. go up上升；C. get out出去；D. lie down躺下。分析可知，格兰特找到了被困人员，所以要带 他们出去符合句意，故选：C。 11 ：考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特没有等，他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着 走廊跑去。A. follow跟随；B. drag拖；C. examine测试；D. pass通过。分析可知，格兰特 要救他们出去，所以拖着男孩跑出去符合题意，故选：B。 12 ：考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地到外面时，唯一看得见的帮助就是一个警察。 A. safely安全地；B. secretly秘密地；C. suddenly突然地；D. previously以前地。分析可知， 格兰特把被困人员救了出来，所以只有安全地到达外面符合题意，故选：A。 13 ：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地在外面时，看得见的唯一能够帮忙的人就是一 个警察。A. witness目击者；B. guide指南；C. service服务；D. help帮助。分析可知，警察 是提供帮助的，故选：D。 14 ：考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特告诉他那个女人（还在里面），他们冲进烟雾弥漫 的大楼。A. woman女人；B. door门；C. car车；D. baby婴儿。分析可知，格兰特把婴儿和 男孩救出来了，女人还没有出来，所以他告诉警察那个女人还在里面，符合题意，故选 A。 15 ：考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们，一家人才从火灾中获救。格兰特和警察因他 们的勇气而受到表彰。A. wisdom智慧；B. generosity慷慨；C. honesty诚实；D. courage勇 气。分析可知，警察和格兰特冲进大火里救了这一家人，是非常有勇气的，所以因他们的 勇气而受到表彰符合题意，故选：D。 【真题 7】【2021年八省联考】 This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where Ialways went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently____21____the shop. So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how____22____I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had____23____you the last time.” He smiled. Before starting the____24____, he added, “What if I keep it long?” I____25____he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can't____26____what would happen to your shop then!” The moment I said it, the assistant____27____from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down, eh?” I admit I was too____28____at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an____29____look. From that day on, I____30____stopped joking about anyone's profession and works. It is one of the most____31____incidents in my life, which taught me to____32____the profession and works of a person, no matter how____33____they are. I'm____34____that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a____35____. 21. A. left B. opened C. joined D. visited 22. A. much B. long C. often D. soon 23. A. instructed B. invited C. promised D. convinced 24. A. discussion B. journey C. training D. haircut 25. A. agreed B. heard C. hoped D. knew 26. A. forget B. tolerate C. guarantee D. understand 27. A. urged B. shouted C. laughed D. helped 28. A. angry B. proud C. scared D. curious 29. A. anxious B. appealing C. encouraging D. awkward 30. A. suddenly B. completely C. temporarily D. regularly 31. A. important B. exciting C. strange D.interesting 32. A. learn B. enter C. change D. respect 33. A. hard B. small C. good D. complex 34. A. sorry B. confident C. grateful D. embarrassed 35. A. difference B. mistake C. choice D. joke 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历让自己意 识到语言的威力。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，除了理发师还有一个助手，最近刚加入这个商店。A. left 离开；B. opened 打开；C. joined 加入；D. visited拜访。根据“who had recently …the shop”得知，我经常去的理发店新来了一位助手。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位叔叔问我剪多长的头发。A .much很多；B. long 长久；C. often 经常；D. soon 很快。根据“So I sat for the haircut.”得知，我去理发店，理发店叔叔问 我剪多长的头发。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回答：“和上次我爸爸告诉你的一样长就行”。A. instructed 指导；B. invited 邀请；C. promised答应；D. convinced 确信。根据“the last time”得知，上 次来剪发时，作者爸爸给理发师指导过要给作者理发的长度。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开始理发前，他又说道：“如果我剪长了呢”。A. discussion 讨论；B. journey旅程；C. training训练；D. haircut剪发。根据“So I sat for the haircut. ”得 知，理发师是在开始剪发之前又说了一句话。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他是在开玩笑。A. agreed同意；B. heard 听到；C. hoped希望 ；D. knew知道。根据“So I joked too. ”得知，我知道理发师说那句话是在开玩 笑。故选D。【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可不能保证到时候你的理发店会发生什么。A. forget忘记； B. tolerate忍受；C. guarantee确保；D. understand理解。根据“So I joked too.”得知，我在开 玩笑，剪坏我的头发，他的理发店会遭殃。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚一说完，那个助手从身后大喊。A. urged敦促；B. shouted 喊叫；C. laughed大笑；D. helped帮助。根据“How dare do you say that! ”得知，助手当真， 大喊起来。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的 表情。A. angry生气的；B. proud骄傲的；C. scared害怕的；D. curious好奇的。根据“Who are you to take us down, eh? ”得知，我当时才10岁，对那位助手的质问吓坏了。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我承认我当时太害怕了，并且我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的 表情。A. anxious焦虑的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. encouraging鼓舞的；D. awkward尴尬 的。根据“I went to the barber shop where I always went”得知，理发师对新助手给常客说的 话感到尴尬。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我彻底不再关于别人的职业和工作开玩笑。A. suddenly突然；B. completely完全；C. temporarily 临时；D. regularly有规律地。根据“ admit I was too…”得知，作者通过理发时开玩笑的不愉快经历，学到的教训是不要在别人的 工作上开玩笑。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的 职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. important重要的；B. exciting兴奋的；C. strange奇怪 的；D. interesting有趣的。根据“which taught me”得知，作者认为这件事是很重要的事情。 故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的职 业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. learn学习；B. enter 进入；C. change改变；D. respect尊重。根据“I …stopped joking about anyone’s profession and works”得知，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事情之一，它教给我要尊重一个人的 职业和工作，不论他有多么渺小。A. hard难的；B. small小的；C. good好的；D. complex复 杂的。根据“no matter how”得知，不论对方是多小的人物，我也要给予尊重。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激那位店员的回应让我重新考虑我说话的威力。A. sorry抱歉的；B. confident自信的；C. grateful感激的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“made me rethink the power of my words”得知，作者感激那位店员让自己意识到说话要尊重别人， 故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言真能带来大不同。A. difference不同；B. mistake错误； C. choice选择；D. joke玩笑。根据“made me rethink the power of my words”得知，作者感悟， 语言很重要。make a difference“有影响，起作用”故选A。 【模拟题 1】【2022·辽宁·一模】 My single mother used to take on several jobs to make ends meet. When I was fifteen, she started her own business, and things began to get easier ____1____. A new family moved into our ____2____. The children became my friends soon, and my mom came to ____3____ the wife, Melissa. One afternoon, they were generous enough to include me in their ____4____. Their little daughter ____5____ a glass of milk. Melissa stated, "We have no money for milk this week. "She suddenly realized I was present and explained with a(n) ____6____ look, "Money has been really ____7____. " Later, I told my mom about the ____8____ Melissa was experiencing. In ____9____ she immediately opened the cupboard doors and started pulling out food. Then we made our way to their door, and ____10____ eagerly. Opening the door, they were surprised by our ____11____. Handing them the items, Mom said, "We just want to help out."Melissa then grasped Mom in a big hug and started to cry. Tears began to roll down my mother's face when she ____12____ her friend, understanding how difficult it can be to ____13____ to provide for a family. Looking at my mother, I felt ____14____ to be her daughter! She had worked so hard to pay for the groceries, but she didn't ____15____ to give help to those in need. 1．A．secretly B．skillfully C．successfully D．financially 2．A．garden B．neighborhood C．house D．office 3．A．serve B．observe C．instruct D．know 4．A．journey B．party C．meal D．celebration 5．A．consumed B．requested C．poured D．heated 6．A．defeated B．relaxed C．excited D．surprised 7．A．tight B．enough C．important D．precious 8．A．relief B．failure C．difficulty D．quarrel 9．A．trouble B．response C．action D．addition 10．A．waited B．expected C．wandered D．knocked 11．A．contact B．visit C．encouragement D．purchase 12．A．stared at B．came across C．held onto D．stood by 13．A．struggle B．deserve C．promise D．intend 14．A．annoyed B．embarrassed C．proud D．confident 15．A．hesitate B．choose C．attempt D．pretend 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．C13．A 14．C 15．A 【解析】 【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈在自己生活也不是很容易的情况下, 毫不犹豫地 选择了帮助邻居的故事, 作者为有这样一位妈妈感到自豪。 1． 考查副词词义辨析。句意∶当我15 岁时, 她开始自已做生意, 经济上的困难开始减轻。A. secretly秘密地; B. skillfully巧妙地; C. successfully成功地; D. financially财务上地。根据上 文“My single mother used to take on several jobs just to make ends meet. (我的单身母亲曾经 做过好几份工作, 只是为了维持生计。)”可知, 作者之前家境不是很好, 但根据下文“she started her own business, and things began to get easier(她开始了自己的事业, 事情开始变得容 易起来)”可知, 妈妈做生意后经济条件得到改善。故选 D项。 2． 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶一个新的家庭搬进了我们的街区。A. garden花园; B. neighborhood街区; C. house房子; D. office办公室。根据句中“moved into(移入;迁入新居)” 和下文我们两家成为朋友可推知, 这个新家庭是搬入了我们的街区。故选 B项。 3． 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶孩子们很快就成了我的朋友 , 同时我妈妈也认识了妻子 Melissa。A. serve服务; B. observe观察; C. instruct指导; D. know认识。作者与邻居孩子们 成了朋友, 同时作者的妈妈也认识了他们的妈妈。come to know 意为“开始了解”，动词 短语。故选 D项。 4． 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶一天下午, 他们很慷慨地邀请我一起吃饭。A. journey旅行; B. party 聚会; C. meal一餐; D. celebration庆祝。根据下文“Their little daughter ...a glass of milk. Melissa stated, "We have no money for milk this week."”可知, 作者与他们一起吃饭。故 选C项。 5． 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶他们 10 岁的女儿要一杯牛奶。A. consumed消费; B. requested 要求; C. poured倒; D. heated加热。根据下文Melissa的话“Melissa stated, "We have nomoney for milk this week.”可推知, 她女儿是在向她要牛奶。故选 B项。 6． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意∶她突然意识到我在场, 便带着受挫的神色解释说∶钱一直不 宽裕。A. defeated受挫的; B. relaxed 放松的; C. excited兴奋的; D. surprised惊讶的。上文邻 居妈妈说“We have no money for milk this week. (我们这星期没钱买牛奶了)” 可知，这样的 窘况被作者知道了, 作为大人, 这让她很尴尬, 有挫败感。故选 A项。 7． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tight拮据的, 不宽裕的; B. enough足够的; C. important重要的; D. precious宝贵的。根据上文“We have no money for milk this week. (我们 这星期没钱买牛奶了)”可知, 邻居家已经买不起牛奶, 说明经济条件不好, tight 表示“拮据 的, 不宽裕的”。故选A项。 8． 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶后来, 我把梅丽莎所经历的困难告诉了妈妈。A. relief减轻; B. failure失败; C. difficulty困难; D. quarrel争吵。根据上文可知, 梅丽莎家里已经买不起牛奶, 所以作者告诉妈妈的是她们家里遇到的困难。故选C项。 9． 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶作为回应, 她立即打开橱柜门, 开始取出食物。A. trouble麻烦; B. response回复; C. action行动; D. addition增加。根据下文“she immediately opened the cupboard doors and started pulling out food. (她立即打开橱柜门, 开始拿出食物)”作者的妈妈 的做法可知, 这是作者的妈妈听到邻居有困难时做出的回 应。故选 B项。 10． 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶然后我们走到他们家门口, 急切地敲门。A. waited等待; B. expected期待; C. wandered好奇; D. knocked敲。根据下文“Opening the door(他们开门)”可 知, 作者和妈妈到门口后敲了门。故选 D项。 11． 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶当他们开门时, 他们对我们的来访感到惊讶。A. contact联系; B. visit访问; C. encouragement鼓励; D. purchase购买。作者和妈妈突然出现在家门, 邻居对他 们的到访感到惊讶。故选 B项。 12． 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意∶母亲抱着她的朋友, 眼泪从她的脸上滚落下来, 她明白努力养活一个家庭是多么困难。A. stared at凝视; B. came across遇到; C. held onto紧紧抓住; D. stood by支持。根据上文“Melissa then grasped Mom in a big hug and started to cry. (然后, 梅丽莎紧紧抱住妈妈, 哭了起来)”可知, 梅丽莎抱着作者妈妈哭, 所以作者的妈妈也是紧紧 抱着梅丽莎的。故选C项。 13． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. struggle奋斗, 努力; B. deserve值得; C. promise承诺; D. intend计划。根据作者妈妈自己曾经的经历和句中“how difficult it can be（它有多难)”可 知, 作者的妈妈理解梅丽莎为养家而作出的努力有多么的艰难。故选A项。 14． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意∶看着妈妈, 我为自已是她的女儿而感到骄傲。A. annoyed恼 怒的; B. embarrassed尴尬的; C. proud自豪的; D. confident自信的。虽然自己也很辛苦, 但 仍然慷慨助人, 有这样善良的妈妈, 作者是感到骄傲与自豪的。故选C项。 15． 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶为了购买生活用品, 她辛苦工作, 但她毫不犹豫 地 对那些需 要 帮 助的 人给予帮 助。A. hesitate犹豫; B. choose选择; C. attempt企图; D. pretend假装。 根据第三段“she immediately opened the cupboard doors and started pulling out food. (她立即 打开橱柜门, 开始拿出食物。)”可行, 作者的妈妈在帮助别人这件事上毫不犹豫。故选 A 项。 【模拟题 2】【2022·广东肇庆·三模】 Standing in the store, I looked at the painting supplies excitedly. “Are you sure these are what you want for your birthday?” my husband asked ____16____. “I’m very sure. I really want to give it a ____17____,” I replied. I was smiling with ____18____. He looked at me hesitantly and ____19____ his head. ____20____, this was a secret I’d kept for a while. Every day, my husband went to work. I’d look after my son, clean the house and prepare dinner. It had been a decade since I took any time to pursue my own ____21____. I had become a drudge (苦工). I wanted excitement and creative expression, but mostly I wanted colors. So I ____22____ the most interesting supplies. “I have a feeling that you’re going to put all these in a toolbox and never ____23____ them again,” my husband said. For the first month, he was ____24____. I put the supplies into a toolbox. I admired themevery day, but I couldn’t seem to find the time to start painting. I found one reason or another not to _____25_____. One day, when my son caught me _____26_____ the toolbox again, he asked curiously, “Mommy, when are you going to _____27_____?” “No _____28_____ day than today,” I announced and brought out all the materials. From then on, my house seemed to never be perfectly clean, but my life was full of _____29_____. Most importantly, I no longer felt like a drudge. I had a new _____30_____. 16．A．pleasantly B．anxiously C．awkwardly D．doubtfully 17．A．break B．go C．miss D．look 18．A．expectation B．shame C．agreement D．pride 19．A．covered B．bowed C．hit D．shook 20．A．Luckily B．Generally C．Frankly D．Strangely 21．A．rights B．hobbies C．education D．position 22．A．selected B．admired C．created D．collected 23．A．buy B．like C．touch D．fix 24．A．tolerant B．wise C．supportive D．correct 25．A．fear B．start C．refuse D．dream 26．A．working at B．looking for C．staring at D．paying for 27．A．quit B．remember C．succeed D．paint 28．A．busier B．better C．tougher D．bigger 29．A．sufferings B．achievements C．colors D．chances 30．A．purpose B．memory C．occupation D．challenge 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D25．B 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 【解析】 【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者改变不满意的生活状态，大胆追求自己的爱好的故 事。 16． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你确定这些是你生日想要的东西吗？”我丈夫怀疑地问道。 A. pleasantly愉快地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. awkwardly笨拙地；D. doubtfully怀疑地。根 据下文“He looked at me hesitantly”中的“hesitantly”可知，丈夫犹豫地看着我，由此可知， 他怀疑我是否真的想要这些绘画用品。故选D项。 17． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我很确定。我真的很想试一试，”我回答。A. break休息； B. go尝试；C. miss未击中，错过；D. look表情。根据下文“I wanted excitement and creative expression, but mostly I wanted colors.”可知，作者想尝试改变自己的生活方式，想为 枯燥的生活添加色彩，由此可知，她是想试一试绘画，“give it a go”意为“试一试”。故 选B项。 18． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满怀期待地微笑着。A. expectation期待；B. shame羞愧；C. agreement协议，同意；D. pride骄傲。根据下文“I wanted excitement and creative expression, but mostly I wanted colors.”可知，作者想尝试改变自己的生活方式，想为枯燥的 生活添加色彩，由此可知，她对绘画给生活带来的改变充满期待。故选A项。 19． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他犹豫地看着我，摇了摇头。A. covered覆盖；B. bowed鞠躬； C. hit打，击；D. shook摇动。根据下文“I have a feeling that you’re going to put all these in a toolbox and never __8_ them again”可知，丈夫认为我只是一时冲动，过一段时间，就不会 再对这些绘画用品感兴趣了，由此可知，丈夫不太看好作者的决定，所以摇了摇头。故选D项。 20． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：坦白说，这是我保守了一段时间的秘密。A. Luckily幸运的是； B. Generally通常，普遍地；C. Frankly坦白地说；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据句中“secret” 可知，作者在坦白自己做这个重大决定的原因，“Frankly”意为“坦白地说”，符合语境。 故选C项。 21． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经十年没有花时间追求自己的爱好了。A. rights权力；B. hobbies爱好；C. education教育；D. position位置。根据上文“Every day, my husband went to work. I’d look after my son, clean the house and prepare dinner.”可知，作者一直忙着照顾家 庭，由此可知，她一直没有时间追求自己的爱好，所以才想尝试绘画。故选B项。 22． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要刺激和创造性的表达，但我最想要的是颜色。所以我选 择了最有趣的用品。A. selected选择；B. admired钦佩；C. created创造；D. collected收集。 根据上文内容可知，作者想要绘画用品作为生日礼物，由此可知，她选择了这些最有趣的 用品。故选A项。 23． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我有一种感觉，你会把所有这些东西都放在工具箱里，再也 不会碰它们了，”我丈夫说。A. buy买；B. like喜欢；C. touch触摸，触碰；D. fix修理。 根据句中“you’re going to put all these in a toolbox”可知，作者的丈夫认为作者对绘画的喜 爱不会持续很久，过一段时间，她就会把所有东西都放在工具箱里，再也不会碰它们了。 故选C项。 24． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一个月，他是对的。A. tolerant宽容的；B. wise明智的； C. supportive支持的；D. correct对的，正确的。根据下文“I put the supplies into a toolbox.” 可知，第一个月作者确实把绘画用品放进了工具箱里，由此可知，第一个月，丈夫之前的 推断是对的。故选D项。 25． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一个或另一个不开始的理由。A. fear害怕；B. start开 始；C. refuse拒绝；D. dream做梦。根据上文“I couldn’t seem to find the time to startpainting”可知，作者似乎找不到时间开始画画，由此可知，她给自己找到了一个或另一个 不开始画画的理由。故选B项。 26． 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一天，我儿子发现我又盯着工具箱看，他好奇地问：“妈 妈，你什么时候开始画画？”A. working at从事于；B. looking for寻找；C. staring at盯着 看；D. paying for支付，为……付钱。根据上文“I admired them every day, but I couldn’t seem to find the time to start painting.”可知，作者每天都欣赏着绘画工具，但没有真正开始 画画，由此可知，她是盯着工具箱看。故选C项。 27． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我儿子发现我又盯着工具箱看，他好奇地问：“妈妈， 你什么时候开始画画？”A. quit停止；B. remember记得；C. succeed成功；D. paint画。根 据上文“I admired them every day, but I couldn’t seem to find the time to start painting.”可知， 作者每天都欣赏着绘画工具，但没有真正开始画画，由此可知，儿子应该是问她什么时候 开始画画。故选D项。 28． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“没有比今天更好的一天了，”我宣布并拿出了所有的材料。 A. busier更忙碌的；B. better更好的；C. tougher更艰苦的；D. bigger更大的。根据句中 “brought out all the materials”可知，作者不想拖下去，想从现在就开始画画，由此可知， 句中指没有比今天更好的一天了，也就是说，今天就是开始画画的最好的日子。故选B项。 29． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我的房子似乎永远都不十分干净，但我的生活充满 了色彩。A. sufferings苦难；B. achievements成就；C. colors颜色，色彩；D. chances机会。 根据上文内容可知，作者终于开始画画了，由此可知，因为有了画画的爱好，作者生活中 充满了色彩。故选C项。 30． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我不再觉得自己是个苦力。我有了新的目标。A. purpose目标；B. memory记忆；C. occupation职业；D. challenge挑战。根据上文内容可知， 作者有了画画的爱好，由此可知，她的生活中有了新的目标。故选A项。 【模拟题 3】【2022·广东广州·一模】I’d worked four months at a university when we had a going-away party for Sandy, who was moving to London. When I got to work the next day, I was ______31______ to see Sandy there. “Aren’t you supposed to be in London?” I asked. She ______32______ me and said, “I’m Helen.” I then found out that I have a rare disease face blindness. This ____33____ sent me to the doctor. I didn’t think much about it. ____34____ , I’m a successful adult — who cares if my ______35______ isn’t quite like everyone else’s? Then, I met Dr Smith. “Your ability to learn new faces is among the worst,” he said. “As for cures, nothing so far has been very ____36____ .” After a sad goodbye, I fled in tears. I was ______37______ until Dad gave me some important advice. “Everyone just wants to talk about themselves,” he said. “Just ask questions.” This ____38____ transformed my life. When walking on campus, if someone looked my way, I ____39____ . If they smiled, I stopped to chat. Soon I became an expert at talking to _____40_____. This year, I celebrated my birthday with over 60 friends, many of whom l wasn’t able to _______41_______ . I was fine with that. _______42_______, I can take courses to treat my illness, but I’d rather spend that time on something I _______43_______ , like looking at birds. I get such a _______44_______ identifying them. _______45_______ my face blindness, I’ve learnt to see the world. 31．A．excited B．surprised C．frightened D．pleased 32．A．stared at B．thought of C．got away from D．reached out for 33．A．disaster B．accident C．discovery D．expectation 34．A．However B．Somehow C．Anyway D．Moreover 35．A．illness B．growth C．face D．brain 36．A．promising B．popular C．cheap D．comfortable 37．A．unconcerned B．impatient C．desperate D．annoyed 38．A．tip B．question C．explanation D．warning 39．A．hesitated B．smiled C．panicked D．waited 40．A．students B．strangers C．colleagues D．patients 41．A．invite B．trust C．greet D．recognise 42．A．Eventually B．Fortunately C．Actually D．Hopefully 43．A．remember B．ignore C．miss D．enjoy44．A．chance B．thrill C．shock D．trouble 45．A．According to B．Regardless of C．In fear of D．Thanks to 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．B 41．D 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．D 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者患有脸盲症，但爸爸的一条建议让作者受益匪浅，作者也 因此学会了看世界。 31． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天上班时，我惊讶地看到桑迪在那里。A. excited兴奋的； B. surprised惊讶的；C. frightened害怕的；D. pleased愉悦的。根据下文“Aren’t you supposed to be in London?”可知，作者看到桑迪感到很惊讶，故选B。 32． 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他盯着我说：“我是海伦”。A. stared at盯着；B. thought of考 虑；C. got away from远离；D. reached out for伸手去拿。根据下文她说自己是海伦可知， 她说话时是盯着作者的，故选A。 33． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我发现我得了一种罕见的脸盲症。这一发现让我去看医生。A. disaster灾难；B. accident事故；C. discovery发现；D. expectation期望。上一句说作者发 现自己得了一种罕见的脸盲症，此处指的就是这一发现，故选C。 34． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我没有想太多。无论如何，我是一个成功的成年人，谁会在乎 我的脑子是否和别人不一样? A. However然而；B. Somehow不知怎么；C. Anyway不管怎 样、无论如何；D. Moreover况且。根据下文“I’m a successful adult”可知，此处用anyway 表示语气的缓和，故选C。 35． 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. illness疾病；B. growth成长；C. face脸；D. brain大脑、 智力。根据常识可知，脸盲症属于认知障碍，故选D。 36． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于治疗方法，到目前为止还没有什么方法很有希望的（有 效的）。A. promising有希望的、有前途的；B. popular流行的；C. cheap便宜的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据下文“After a sad goodbye, I fled in tears.”可知，到目前为止还没 有什么有效的治疗方法，所以作者很难过，故选A。 37． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我深感绝望，直到爸爸给了我一些重要的建议。A. unconcerned不关心的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. desperate绝望的；D. annoyed恼怒的。上 文说到目前为止还没有什么有效的治疗方法，所以作者很难过，深感绝望，故选C。 38． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个建议改变了我的生活。走在校园里，如果有人看我，我会 微笑。A. tip建议、贴士；B. question问题；C. explanation解释；D. warning警告。上一句 说爸爸给了我一些重要的建议，此处用tip呼应上文的advice，故选A。 39． 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hesitated犹豫；B. smiled微笑；C. panicked恐慌；D. waited等待。根据下文“If they smiled,”可知，如果有人看我，我会用微笑回应，故选B。 40． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我就成了与陌生人交谈的专家。A. students学生；B. strangers陌生人；C. colleagues同事；D. patients病人。根据上文“When walking on campus, if someone looked my way,”可知，作者遇到的这些人都是没有说过话的陌生人，故选B。 41． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，我和60多个朋友一起过生日，其中很多我都认不出来。 A. invite邀请；B. trust信任；C. greet问候；D. recognise认出。上文说作者有脸盲症，所 以很多人认不出来，故选D。 42． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我可以参加课程来治疗疾病，但我宁愿把这些时间花 在我喜欢的事情上，比如看鸟。认出它们让我兴奋不已。A. Eventually最终；B. Fortunately 幸运地；C. Actually实际上；D. Hopefully有希望地。下文说作者可以参加课程来治疗脸盲 症，但作者宁愿把这些时间花在我喜欢的事情上，此处用actually引出解释的内容，故选 C。 43． 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. remember记得；B. ignore忽视；C. miss错过；D. enjoy 喜欢、享受。下文说作者可以参加课程来治疗脸盲症，根据语境，下文举的看鸟的例子是 做着喜欢做的事情之一，故选D。 44． 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. chance机会；B. thrill激动、兴奋；C. shock震惊；D. trouble麻烦。根据上下文语境，因为作者 有脸盲症，所以识别出不同的面部会让作者很兴 奋，故选B。 45． 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于我的脸盲症，我学会了看世界。A. According to依照；B. Regardless of不管；C. In fear of担心；D. Thanks to由于、幸亏。根据下文“I’ve learnt to see the world.”可知，由于脸盲症，作者学会了看世界，故选D。 【模拟题 4】【2022·山东泰安·一模】 Tima Abudhi is a 55-year-old mother of five. When growing up, she remembers watching her neighbors ____46____ at the mangrove forests (红树林) around her village on Pate Island, on Kenya’s east coast, to build houses or to sell as wood. As the mangroves ____47____, so did the fish that live among their roots --- a ____48____ for the fishing village of Kizingitini. The threat to their livelihoods and homes ____49____ Abudhi and other women to start replanting the mangroves, often spending all day at the____50____, taking time away from caring for their families and ____51____ their small businesses. Protecting the mangroves over the past few decades has ____52____ their incomes, but they felt it was a matter of urgency, Abudhi said. “Replanting the mangroves is not ____53____. We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings (幼苗) and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides ____54____ again. We couldn't make _____55_____ time for our businesses,” she said. Today, the women of Kizingitini no longer have to _____56_____ to both make a living and conserve the mangroves, thanks to a loan scheme that helps them keep food on the table so they can _____57_____ to continue planting. “This has led to increased _____58_____ of women in conservation and community development, as well as reduced _____59_____ inequality,” said Abudhi. Mangrove forests can _____60_____ flooding and are considered key to controlling climate change and protecting people against warming-linked disasters. 46．A．cut away B．settle down C．set out D．get up 47．A．moved B．disappeared C．died D．rose 48．A．contribution B．choice C．disaster D．luck 49．A．encouraged B．motivated C．forbade D．persuaded 50．A．neighbor B．community C．beach D．village 51．A．selling B．assessing C．closing D．running 52．A．increased B．gained C．produced D．decreased 53．A．difficult B．easy C．worthwhile D．suitable 54．A．return B．calm C．withdraw D．remove 55．A．hard B．enough C．long D．cheap 56．A．struggle B．stop C．prepare D．determine 57．A．attempt B．witness C．afford D．refuse 58．A．unemploymentB．resignation C．participation D．ignorance 59．A．gender B．wealth C．income D．age 60．A．cancel B．keep C．accelerate D．slow 46．A 47．B 48．C49．B 50．D 51．D 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．B 56．A 57．C 58．C 59．A 60．D 【解析】 【导语】 本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一群位于肯尼亚东海岸的佩特岛上Kizingitini渔村里的妇女们 重建红树林，保护家园的事迹。 46． 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在肯尼亚东海岸的佩特岛，她记得自己成长时看到邻居们砍伐 周围的红树林，用来盖房子或作为木材出售。A. cut away砍掉；B. settle down安定下来； C. set out开始；D. get up起床。根据“to build houses or to sell as wood”可知，邻居们砍伐 红树林，为了盖房子或者出售木材。故选A项。 47． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着红树林的消失，生活在它们根部的鱼也是如此——这对 Kizingitini渔村来说是一场灾难。A. moved移动；B. disappeared消失；C. died死亡；D. rose升起。根据第一段内容可知，邻居们砍伐木材，红树林慢慢消失了。故选B项。 48． 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contribution贡献；B. choice选择；C. disaster灾难；D. luck运气。根据“As the mangroves ____2____, so did the fish that live among their roots”可知， 随着红树林的消失，赖以生存的鱼类也一样消失了，这对村庄来说是一场灾难。故选C项。 49． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：生计和家园面临的威胁促使Abudhi和其他妇女从照顾家庭和经营小企业中抽出时间，开始重新种植红树林，她们经常花费整天待在村子里。A. encouraged鼓励；B. motivated成为……的动机；C. forbade禁止；D. persuaded说服。根据 “The threat to their livelihoods and homes”及“to start replanting the mangroves”可知，生存的 家园遭到威胁，促使Abudhi和其他妇女开始重新种植红树林。故选B项。 50． 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. neighbor邻居；B. community社区；C. beach沙滩；D. village村庄。根据第一段“watching her neighbors ____1____ at the mangrove forests around her village”可知，Abudhi和其他妇女待在村子里一整天，重新植林。故选D项。 51． 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. selling出售；B. assessing评价；C. closing关闭；D. running经营。根据“taking time away from caring for their families and ____6____ their small businesses”可知，妇女们种植的时间是从照顾家庭和经营小本生意里抽出来的。故选D项。 52． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年里，保护红树林减少了她们的收入，但她们觉 得这是一个紧迫的问题，Abudhi说。A. increased增加；B. gained获得；C. produced制造； D. decreased减少。根据“but they felt it was a matter of urgency”并结合上文可知，妇女们将 原本经营生意的时间用来种植红树林，收入减少了，但是她们觉得这是一个紧迫的问题。 故选D项。 53． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重新种植红树林并不容易。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易 的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. suitable合适的。根据下文“We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides ____9____ again.”可知，重新种植红树林并不容易。故选B项。 54． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须一大早就去取树苗，然后到海滩上种植，一直种到晚 上，刚好在潮水回来之前。A. return返回；B. calm使平静；C. withdraw撤销；D. remove 移除。根据“We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides ____9____ again.”可知，她们不得不在潮汐 返回之前将树种好。故选A项。 55．考查限定词、形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们无法为自己的生意腾出足够的时间，”她说。 A. hard困难的；B. enough足够的；C. long长的；D. cheap便宜的。根据上文“taking time away from caring for their families and ____6____ their small businesses”可知，她们没有足够 的时间经营生意。故选B项。 56． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，Kizingitini的妇女们不再需要为生计和保护红树林而奋斗， 这要归功于一项贷款计划，该计划帮助她们维持生计，从而有能力继续种植红树林。A. struggle奋斗；B. stop停止；C. prepare准备；D. determine决心。根据“both make a living and conserve the mangroves”及下文可知，由于一项贷款计划帮助妇女们维持生计，她们不 需要再为生计和保护红树林而艰难奋斗。故选A项。 57． 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attempt试图；B. witness目击；C. afford（有时间）做； D. refuse拒绝。根据“thanks to a loan scheme”可知，多亏了这项计划，妇女们能够有时间 继续植林。故选C项。 58． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Abudhi说：“这导致妇女更多地参与保护和社区发展，并减少 了性别不平等。” A. unemployment失业；B. resignation辞职；C. participation参加；D. ignorance无知。根据语境，由于妇女们得到了帮助，更多的妇女参与了保护和社区发展。 故选C项。 59． 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gender性别；B. wealth财富；C. income收入；D. age年 龄。根据上一句可知，越来越多的妇女参与到活动中来，同时减少了性别不平等现象。故 选A项。 60． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：红树林可以减缓洪水，被认为是控制气候变化和保护人们免受 与变暖有关的灾害的关键。A. cancel取消；B. keep保持；C. accelerate加快；D. slow减慢。 根据“flooding and are considered key to controlling climate change and protecting people against warming-linked disasters.”可知，红树林能够减慢洪水的侵袭。故选D项。 【模拟题 5】【2022·上海·模拟预测】Two of the most critical lessons learned from the pandemic are the need for effective national leadership and for clear, consistent communication. Countries that fared well had both in abundance; those that didn’t often faltered. The TIMES survey results reflect this, with____61____was “leadership and public communication strategies” the only category in which every rated, on average, at least 4 out of 5 for priority. The highest ranking in the category went to “ensuring strong, federally coordinated responses that provincial, state, and local jurisdictions can rely upon for guidance”. The importance of this cannot be overstated. In the U.S., it made no sense to have 50 states ____62____ their own supplies of masks and tests, and 50 different sets of rules to contain (or not) the disease. As a former local health official, I can tell you that local health departments are chronically under ____63____ and so rely on federal entities to formulate clear____64____ and evidence-based policy guidance, which ___65___ those closer to the ground to tailor the specifics to their communities. Being able to point to federal guidelines helps serve as political cover-important when the recommendations ask for difficult actions, such as shuttering businesses and ____66____ stay-at-home orders. The TIMES survey also identifies global health governance as a top ____67____ including to “reform the World Health Organization’s regulatory authority”. Unfortunately, the____68____of this intervention was rated 2.86. I agree with this low ranking. Any reform at the WHO will be a long and tedious ____69____. Global health governance needs to occur, but meanwhile, individual governments can take matters into their own ______70______. First, they must rigorously evaluate their country’s pandemic response and make necessary ______71______ to improve local, regional and national infrastructure and coordination. Second, they should strengthen international scientific______72______. Third, willing countries can ______73______ multinational agreements for transparency, mutual aid and partnership. Improvements in global public health must begin locally and be driven by leaders who will learn the hard ______74______ from COVID-19. If we can ______75______the key factors that need reform, then we must agree on doing what it takes to prevent another tragedy. 61．A．proposal B．refusal C．adjustment D．substitute 62．A．influence B．promise C．secure D．pattern 63．A．smashed B．stuffed C．smoothed D．staffed 64．A．careers B．goals C．trends D．signs65．A．employs B．emphasizes C．emerges D．empowers 66．A．imposing B．stretching C．challenging D．intruding 67．A．appeal B．solution C．principle D．priority 68．A．possibility B．feasibility C．availability D．practicality 69．A．property B．combination C．process D．calculation 70．A．hands B．ears C．mouths D．eyes 71．A．achievements B．judgements C．pavements D．investments 72．A．donations B．collaborations C．qualifications D．regulations 73．A．determine B．overlook C．initiate D．evaluate 74．A．lessons B．causes C．subjects D．models 75．A．make with B．show up C．take over D．agree on 61．A 62．C 63．D 64．B 65．D 66．A 67．D 68．B 69．C 70．A 71．D 72．B 73．C 74．A 75．D 【解析】 【导语】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，美国人应从这场疫情中吸取的两个最重要的教训：需要 有效的国家领导和清晰、一致的沟通；和进行全球卫生治理的三个策略。 61． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：《时代》杂志的调查结果反映了这一点，其建议是“领导力和公共传播战略”，这是唯一一个平均每个人都认为至少五分之四优先的类别。A. proposal 建议、提议；B. refusal拒绝；C. adjustment调整；D. substitute代替品。由上文的“Two of the most critical lessons learned from the pandemic are the need for effective national leadership and for clear, consistent communication.”和下文的“leadership and public communication strategies”可知，作者认为美国人要从疫情中吸取的两个最重要的教训：需要有效的国家领 导和清晰一致的沟通（这有助于帮助战胜疫情），这是《时代》杂志调查结果认可的策略， 因为作者的“建议”是（为了战胜疫情）要注重领导力和公共传播战略。故选A项。 62． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，让50个州确保自己的口罩和测试供应，以及让50套 不同的规则来控制（或不控制）疾病是没有意义的。A. influence影响；B. promise承诺； C. secure使安全、确保；D. pattern构成图案。由上文的“The highest ranking in the category went to ‘ensuring strong, federally coordinated responses that provincial, state, and local jurisdictions can rely upon for guidance’.”可知，疫情防控的有效策略是“确保省、州和地方 司法管辖区可以依赖强有力的、联邦政府协调的回应作为指导”，即美国各州可以在强有 力的联邦政府统筹协调下，自己应对本地疫情，确保各自州内的口罩和测试供应。故选C 项。 63． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名前地方卫生官员，我可以告诉你，地方卫生部门长期 人手不足，因此要依赖联邦政体制定明确的目标和基于证据的政策指导，这些政策指导使 那些更接近实际的人能够根据自己的团体定制具体条例。A. smashed粉碎；B. stuffed填满； C. smoothed使平整；D. staffed任职于。由上文语境和下文的“so rely on federal entities to formulate clear 4 and evidence-based policy guidance”可知，让美国50个州的50套 不同的规则来控制（或不控制）疾病是没有意义，最终各州要依赖联邦政体制定明确的目 标和基于证据的政策指导，该空应该讲述形成这种状况的原因，应该是地方卫生部门长期 人手不足，under staffed (人员不足的)。故选D项。 64． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名前地方卫生官员，我可以告诉你，地方卫生部门长期 人手不足，因此要依赖联邦政体制定明确的目标和基于证据的政策指导，这些政策指导使 那些更接近实际的人能够根据自己的团体定制具体条例。A. careers事业；B. goals目标； C. trends趋势；D. signs标志。由下文的“evidence-based policy guidance”可知，美国地方卫生部门因长期人手不足无法自己应对疫情，所以需要依赖联邦政体制订基于证据的政策指 导和明确的（抗疫）目标来防控疫情及战胜疫情。故选B项。 65． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名前地方卫生官员，我可以告诉你，地方卫生部门长期 人手不足，因此要依赖联邦政体制定明确的目标和基于证据的政策指导，这些政策指导使 那些更接近实际的人能够根据自己的团体定制具体条例。A. employs雇用；B. emphasizes 强调；C. emerges浮现；D. empowers给（某人）……的权力。由上文的“rely on federal entities to formulate clear 4 and evidence-based policy guidance”可知，美国各州需要 依赖联邦政体制订基于证据的政策指导来防控疫情及战胜疫情，说明这些基于证据的政策 指导对各州面临的疫情是有用的，它们能够赋予当地接近疫情现实的人权力，因地制宜的 采取措施，定制具体条例。故选D项。 66． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这些建议要求采取困难的行动时，例如关闭企业和强制执行 留在家中的命令，能够提出联邦指导方针有助于充当重要的政治掩护。A. imposing强制实 行、把……强加于；B. stretching伸展；C. challenging挑战；D. intruding闯入。由下文的 “stay-at-home orders”可知，让美国各州人民居家隔离、不出门，这需要国家通过法令强制 实施。故选A项。 67． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：《时代》调查还将全球卫生治理确定为首要任务，包括“改革 世界卫生组织的监管机构”。A. appeal上诉；B. solution解决方法；C. principle原则；D. priority最重要的事、首要事情。由上文的“global health governance”可知，面对疫情层出 不穷，全球卫生治理应该是重中之重的事情。故选D项。 68． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这种干预的可行性被评为2.86。A. possibility可能性； B. feasibility可行性；C. availability可利用性；D. practicality实用性。由上文的“identifies global health governance as a top 7 including to “reform the World Health Organization’s regulatory authority””和下文的“rated 2.86”可知，全球卫生治理（包括“改革 世界卫生组织的监管机构”）应为首要任务，但评级为2.86，说明这种干预的可行性很低。 故选B项。 69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：世卫组织的任何改革都将是一个漫长而乏味的过程。A. property财产；B. combination结合；C. process过程；D. calculation计算。由上文的“Any reform at the WHO will be a long and tedious”可知，任何改革都有一个过程。故选C项。 70． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：需要进行全球卫生治理，但与此同时，各地政府可以自行处理 问题。A. hands手；B. ears耳；C. mouths嘴；D. eyes眼。由上文的“Global health governance needs to occur, but meanwhile”可知，面对疫情这样全球的公共卫生问题，不仅需 要全球宏观抗疫，还需要各地自己着手解决问题，take matters into one’s own hands (自己主 动掌握一切、自己着手解决问题)。故选A项。 71． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，他们必须严格评估本国的疫情应对措施，并进行必要的 投资，以改善地方、区域和国家的基础设施和协调。A. achievements成就；B. judgements 判断；C. pavements人行道；D. investments投入、投资。由下文的“to improve local, regional and national infrastructure and coordination”可知，要改善地方、区域和国家的基础设 施和协调，需要大量的投资才能实现。故选D项。 72． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，他们应该加强国际科学合作。A. donations捐献；B. collaborations合作；C. qualifications资格,素质, 技能,；D. regulations规章制度。由上文的 “they should strengthen international scientific”可知，面对疫情这样全球的公共卫生问题， 除了需要各国自己着手解决问题外，各国还可以加强国际科学合作来研究病毒。故选B项。 73． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三，有意愿的国家可以就透明度、互助和伙伴关系达成多国 协议。A. determine决定；B. overlook忽略；C. initiate发起、达成；D. evaluate评估。由上 文语境可知，国家间可以开展相关合作，合作期间自然可以达成相关协议。故选C项。 74． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球公共卫生的改善必须从本地开始，并由将从COVID-19吸 取艰难经验的领导者推动。A. lessons教训、经验；B. causes原因；C. subjects主题；D. models模范。由上文的“Improvements in global public health”和本处的“be driven by leaders who will learn the hard 1 4 from COVID-19”可知，吸取了COVID-19疫情防 控经验的领导人，才会给全球公共卫生带来改善。故选A项。75． 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们能在需要改革的关键因素上达成一致，那么我们就必 须同意采取必要措施防止另一场悲剧。A. make with产生；B. show up如约赶到；C. take over接管；D. agree on同意。由下文的“we must agree on doing what it takes”可知，抗议防 疫过程中，只有达成一致意见，在需要改革的关键因素上达成一致，才能防止另一场悲剧。 故选D项。 【模拟题 6】【2022·重庆南开中学模拟预测】 I take cold showers. Several years back, the water heater in my house broke, and for weeks, bathing in freezing water was my ____76____. Although it took some getting used to, I discovered that there was something ____77____ and energizing. Moreover, the cold shower has changed the way I ____78____ life. The worst part about showering in cold water is the moment right before ____79____ a into the water. As soon as you hop in, though, your body quickly ____80____ to the temperature, and it’s not so bad the rest of the way. For me, stepping into the cold water means ____81____; it’s getting over the hesitation that comes from knowing I’m about to do something ____82____. One of my first “cold shower'” moments came one day in my high school, when I ____83____ an internship after a career day presentation. One of the speakers was a manager at a large Silicon Valley venture capital firm. The more she talked about her job, the more I became ____84____. Since I had an interest in economics as well as technology, working at a venture capital firm seemed like the ____85____ place for me. So, I decided that I was going to ask the speaker if her company hired interns. As I approached her, however, I was a bit upset. After all, why would a successful business woman offer a job to an ____86____ high schooler? Still, gathering up my ____87____, I walked up to her, and introduced myself. We ended up having a wonderful conversation, and even better, she ____88____ to interview me for an internship. That summer, I ended up having the ____89____ to work for her firm. My “cold shower” experiences these years have ____90____ me that good things happen to those who are willing to step out of the comfort zone and challenge themselves for more possibilities. 76．A．desire B．reality C．loss D．target77．A．demanding B．amusing C．refreshing D．discouraging 78．A．approach B．start C．ruin D．praise 79．A．wandering B．falling C．jumping D．sitting 80．A．adjusts B．contributes C．sticks D．objects 81．A．appreciation B．creation C．inspiration D．determination 82．A．shameful B．fortunate C．delightful D．uncomfortable 83．A．argued about B．turned down C．asked for D．joined in 84．A．confused B．fascinated C．concerned D．annoyed 85．A．dangerous B．realistic C．hopeless D．perfect 86．A．independent B．inexperienced C．incomparable D．inconsiderate 87．A．courage B．uncertainty C．concern D．practice 88．A．hesitated B．begged C．refused D．agreed 89．A．duty B．opportunity C．adventure D．failure 90．A．taught B．owed C．warned D．ordered 76．B 77．C 78．A 79．C 80．A 81．D 82．D 83．C 84．B 85．D 86．B 87．A 88．D 89．B 90．A 【解析】 【导语】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过洗冷水澡以及申请实习工作的经历，告诉我们好事总是发生在那些愿意走出舒适区，挑战自己以获得更多可能性的人身上。 76． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我家的热水器坏了，有几个星期，我只能在冰冷的水 里洗澡。A. desire欲望；B. reality现实；C. loss失去；D. target目标。根据上文“bathing in freezing water was my”此处指在冰冷的水里洗澡是作者的现实，故选B。 77． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这需要一段时间来适应，但我发现有一些东西让我耳目 一新，充满活力。A. demanding要求高的；B. amusing有趣的；C. refreshing令人耳目一新 的；D. discouraging令人沮丧的。根据后文“and energizing”可知洗冷水澡带给了作者一些 好的体验，让作者耳目一新，充满活力。故选C。 78． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，冷水澡已经改变了我对待生活的方式。A. approach对待， 靠近；B. start开始；C. ruin毁灭；D. praise赞美。根据上文“has changed the way I”指对待 生活的方式，应用approach。故选A。 79． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用冷水洗澡最糟糕的时候是在跳进水里之前。A. wandering闲 逛；B. falling落下；C. jumping跳跃；D. sitting坐下。结合后文“As soon as you hop in”提 到了跳入水中，可知本句是在说明入水之前，故选C。 80． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，只要你一跳进去，你的身体就会很快适应温度，剩下的 过程也没那么糟糕。A. adjusts调整，适应；B. contributes有助于；C. sticks卡住，粘贴； D. objects反对。根据后文“to the temperature, and it’s not so bad the rest of the way”可知适应 了温度后，就没那么糟了。故选A。 81． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，踏入冷水意味着决心；它是克服当我知道我将要做 一些不舒服的事情时的犹豫。A. appreciation感激；B. creation创造；C. inspiration鼓舞； D. determination决心。根据后文“it's getting over the hesitation”可知进入冷水意味着决心， 要克服犹豫。故选D。 82． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，踏入冷水意味着决心；它是克服当我知道我将要 做一些不舒服的事情时的犹豫。A. shameful丢脸的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. delightful令人高兴的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文“it's getting over the hesitation that comes from knowing I'm about to do something”可知此处指克服做一些不舒服的事情时的犹豫，故 选D。 83． 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我第一次“洗冷水澡”是在高中的某一天，在一次职业介绍会 之后，我申请了一份实习工作。A. argued about争论；B. turned down拒绝；C. asked for要 求，请求；D. joined in加入。根据后文“an internship after a career day presentation”指申请 实习工作，应用ask for。故选C。 84． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她越谈她的工作，我就越感兴趣。A. confused困惑的；B. fascinated着迷的，感兴趣的；C. concerned关心的；D. annoyed生气的。根据后文“I had an interest in economics”可知作者很感兴趣。故选B。 85． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我对经济和技术都感兴趣，在一家风险投资公司工作似 乎是我的完美选择。A. dangerous危险的；B. realistic实际的；C. hopeless绝望的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“Since I had an interest in economics as well as technology, working at a venture capital firm seemed like the”可知，作者对经济和技术都感兴趣，所以在一家风险 投资公司工作似乎是完美的选择。故选D。 86． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，为什么一个成功的女商人会给一个没有经验的高中生 提供一份工作呢？A. independent独立的；B. inexperienced无经验的；C. incomparable无比 的；D. inconsiderate轻率的。根据后文“high schooler”可知作者只是个高中生，没有经验。 故选B。 87． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我还是鼓足勇气，走到她面前，向她作了自我介绍。A. courage勇气；B. uncertainty犹豫；C. concern关心；D. practice实践。根据后文“I walked up to her, and introduced myself.”可知作者鼓起勇气去自我介绍。故选A。 88． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们聊得很愉快，更棒的是，她同意面试我实习。A. hesitated 犹豫；B. begged恳求；C. refused拒绝；D. agreed同意。根据后文“to work for her firm”可知对方同意作者面试实习，故选D。 89． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那年夏天，我终于有机会为她的公司工作。A. duty义务；B. opportunity机会；C. adventure冒险；D. failure失败。根据后文“to work for her firm”可知 作者得到了去她公司工作的机会。故选B。 90． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些年来我的“冷水澡”经历教会我，好事总是发生在那些愿 意走出舒适区，挑战自己以获得更多可能性的人身上。A. taught教学；B. owed拥有；C. warned警告；D. ordered命令。根据后文“good things happen to those who are willing to step out of the comfort zone and challenge themselves for more possibilities”是作者从“冷水澡”经 历中学到的道理。故选A。 【模拟题 7】【2022·河北邯郸·一模】 I lean back on the wooden bench and the day’s stresses are gone. It seems perfectly placed for this spot, a place of my ___91___ and growth. It has really ___92___ me to a world I’ve never imagined. Two years ago, I was diagnosed with cancer. Before surgery, my doctor told me to___93___out much to help with recovery. So I returned to hiking in the nearby woods. My fear was ___94___, but I still felt lonely. My fearlessness ___95___. As everyone expected, the surgery went ___96___. I imagined what I could ___97___ when getting home. One day, I thought of building a bench because I loved ___98___. And I was only ___99___ enough to do a little bit each day. However, I was getting better in the work. Finally, I placed the bench I made in the yard, but it didn't feel like the right ___100___. One morning, I passed by the woods, ___101___ to find many cyclists and climbers there. It was a world of ___102___ beyond my imagination, I put the bench there, built a wooden box and left a notebook and a pen inside. I wrote on the first page, "This is my favorite spot. I'd love to know what it___103___ to you." The next day, I ___104___ the first entry: Facing pressure every day, I keep on going because I have this place to get away from it all. People regularly stop to sit on the bench and pour outtheir___105___ and write encouraging words to me in the notebook. Now, my life is fuller and I no longer feel lonely. 91．A．recovery B．sadness C．production D．tension 92．A．preferred B．described C．connected D．devoted 93．A．eat B．find C．figure D．work 94．A．fading B．mounting C．appearing D．returning 95．A．let out B．paid off C．went down D．broke off 96．A．smoothly B．roughly C．slowly D．disappointingly 97．A．gain B．say C．do D．promise 98．A．hiking B．woodwork C．handwriting D．exercise 99．A．brave B．well-known C．smart D．able-bodied 100．A．atmosphere B．status C．place D．height 101．A．astonished B．embarrassed C．unsatisfied D．undisturbed 102．A．champions B．values C．resources D．sports 103．A．announces B．presents C．explains D．means 104．A．remarked B．deleted C．read D．wrote 105．A．gifts B．emotions C．boxes D．impressions 91．A 92．C 93．D 94．A 95．B 96．A 97．C 98．B 99．D 100．C 101．A 102．D 103．D 104．C105．B 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一条木凳的来历。它伴随着作者抗癌的历程，见证着人们 的喜怒哀乐。 91． 考查名词词义辨析，句意：它似乎是完美的放置在这个位置，一个我恢复和成长的地方。 A.recovery恢复；B.sadness悲哀；C.production产量；生产；D.tension紧张。根据下文“I lean back on the wooden bench and the day's stresses are gone.”可知，木凳是作者恢复和成长 的地方。故选A。 92． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它把我和一个我从未想象过的世界联系在一起。A.preferred较 喜欢；B.described描述；C.connected把……联系起来；D.devoted奉献。根据最后一段的 “People regularly stop to sit on the bench and pour out their 15 and write encouraging words to me in the notebook. Now, my life is fuller and I no longer feel lonely.(人们经常停下来 坐在木凳上，倾诉他们的情绪。现在，我的生活更充实了，我不再感到孤独。)”可知，木 凳把作者与一个作者从来想象不到的世界联系在一起。故选C。 93． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术前，我的医生告诉我多锻炼来帮助康复。A.eat吃；B.find 发现；C.figure认为；计算；D.work工作。根据下文“to help with recovery. So I returned to hiking in the nearby woods.”可知，在作手术之前，医生告诉作者要锻炼以便帮助康复。 work out“锻炼”，符合句意，故选D。 94． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的恐惧在消退，但是我仍然感到孤独。A.fading消退； B.mounting攀登；C.appearing消失；D.returning返回；归还。根据下文“My fearlessness” 可知，作者锻炼以后，担忧有所减少，但是仍旧孤独。故选A。 95． 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的无畏奏效了。A.let out泄露；B.paid off奏效；C.went down 平静；D.broke off折断。根据下文“As everyone expected, the surgery went ___6___. I imagined what I could ___7___ when getting home.”可知，作者手术成功想象着回家做些什么，因此推断作者的无畏奏效了，故选B。 96． 考查副词词义辨析，句意：正如大家所料，手术进行得顺利。A.smoothly顺利地； B.roughly粗略地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.disappointingly令人失望地。根据上文“As everyone expected”和“when getting home”可知，手术顺利作者想象着回家做些什么。故选A。 97． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象着回家后能做些什么。A.gain获得；B.say说；C.do做； D.promise许诺。根据下文“One day, I thought of building a bench” 可知，作者想象着回家 后能做什么。故选C。 98． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我想做一条木発，因为我喜欢木工活。A. hiking徒步 旅行；B.woodwork木工活；C.handwriting书法；D.exercise锻炼；练习。根据上文“I thought of building a bench”可知，作者想要做一条木凳，因此推断作者喜欢木工活。故选 B。 99． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我身体不够强壮，只能每天做一点点事。A.brave勇敢的； B.well-known著名的；C.smart聪明的；D.able-bodied强壮的。根据上文可知，作者做了手 术，结合下文“to do a little bit each day”可知，作者身体不够强壮。故选D。 100． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我把我做的长凳放在院子里，但是我感觉那地方不适合 放木凳。A.atmosphere气氛；B.status地位；C.place地方；D.height高度。根据上文 “Finally, I placed the bench I made in the yard”可知，作者把木凳放在院子里，但是又感觉后 院不是合适的地方。故选C。 101． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天早晨，我经过树林，吃惊地发现那里有许多骑自行车和 爬山的人。A.astonished惊奇的；吃惊的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.unsatisfied不满足的； D.undisturbed泰然自若的。根据下文“to find many cyclists and climbers there”和“beyond my imagination”可知，发现许多骑自行车的人和爬山的人让作者感到吃惊。故选A。 102． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一个超乎我想象的运动世界。A.champions冠军；B.values价值；重要性；C.resources资源；D.sports运动。根据上文“to find many cyclists and climbers there”可知，这是一个运动的世界。故选D。 103． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在第一页上写道：这是我最喜欢的地方。我很想知道这对你 意味着什么。A.announces宣布；B.presents显示；表现；C.explains解释；D.means意味着。 根据上文“This is my favorite spot.”下文“the first entry: Facing pressure every day, I keep on going because I have this place to get away from it all.”可知，作者在笔记本第一页询问这个地 方对别人意味着生命。故选D。 104． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我读到了第一条记录。A.remarked评论；B.deleted删 除；C.read读；D.wrote写。根据下文“Facing pressure every day, I keep on going because I have this place to get away from it all.”可知，作者在第二天读到了第一条记录。故选C。 105． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们经常停下来坐在木凳上，倾诉他们的情绪。A.gifts礼物； B.emotions情绪；C.boxes盒子；D.impressions印象。根据上文“Facing pressure every day, I keep on going because I have this place to get away from it all.(每天面对压力，我继续前进，因 为我有这个地方可以摆脱这一切)”可知，人们倾诉他们的情绪。故选B。 【模拟题 8】【2022·湖北·一模】 Winter Solstice (冬至) refers to the day in a year when the night is at its longest and the Yin energy is at its maximum. On Winter Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere tilts ____106____ away from the sun, and the sun’s orbit reached its lowest point. ____107____, from this day , the daytime will get longer and longer. As the delicate node of the ebb (衰退) and ____108____ of Yin and Yang, Winter Solstice is the beginning of a new cycle, ____109____ reunion and hope. It is said that a doctor named Zhang Zhongjing ____110____ poor people suffering from frostbite, so he boiled a pot of mutton with medicinal ingredients, ____111____ them up and wrapped them in ear-shaped dough (面团). Those who ____112____ from frostbitten ears were give this “cold-dispelling” soup. This is the start of ____113____. Subsequently, people made dumplings in the same manner and ate them during the festival to ____114____ him.Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the lunar calendar, the Winter Solstice was ____115____ the same as the Spring Festival. Although during the Han Dynasty, the Winter Solstice was no ____116____ considered as the beginning of the year, people ____117____ celebrated, visited relatives and offered ____118____ to the ancestors on that day. More ____119____ has been paid by people on the Winter Solstice. In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the founding father of Ming Dynasty) made three ____120____ in a year — the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival and his birthday. 106．A．heaviest B．lowest C．highest D．furthest 107．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 108．A．mix B．flow C．reach D．distinction 109．A．announcing B．symbolizing C．infecting D．approaching 110．A．pointed B．saw C．pitied D．categorized 111．A．cut B．chewed C．broke D．ate 112．A．affected B．hurt C．suffered D．wounded 113．A．dumplings B．dessert C．mooncake D．noodles 114．A．praise B．comment C．commemorate D．recommend 115．A．accessed B．regarded C．accounted D．appointed 116．A．better B．sooner C．longer D．less 117．A．frequently B．usually C．seldom D．still 118．A．gifts B．sacrifices C．products D．possessions 119．A．attention B．money C．time D．respect 120．A．dates B．events C．customs D．holidays 106．D 107．B 108．B 109．B 110．C 111．A 112．C 113．A114．C 115．B 116．C 117．D 118．B 119．D 120．D 【解析】 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了冬至的来历和发展。 106． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬至时，北半球倾斜得离太阳最远，太阳的轨道到达最低点。 A. heaviest最重的；B. lowest最低的； C. highest最高的；D. furthest最远的。根据地理常 识可知，冬至这天太阳高度角最小，北半球距离太阳的距离最远。故选D。 107． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，从今天起，白天将变得越来越长。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因而；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据前文可知，冬至是一年中夜晚 最长的一天，也就是白昼最短的一天，所以，从这天起，白昼会越来越长。故选B。 108． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冬至是阴阳盛衰的微妙节点，是新周期的开始，象征着团圆和 希望。A. mix混合；B. flow涨潮；C. reach伸手可及的距离；D. distinction差别。根据 “ebb (衰退)”结合阴阳相对可知，“flow涨潮”符合句意，短语ebb and flow表示“盛衰； 起伏”。故选B。 109． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：冬至是阴阳盛衰的微妙节点，是新周期的开始，象征着团圆和 希望。A. announcing宣布；B. symbolizing象征；C. infecting使感染；D. approaching接近。 根据语境可知，冬至有着团圆和希望的象征含义。故选B。 110． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据说，一位名叫张仲景的医生很同情冻伤的穷人，于是他用药 材煮了一锅羊肉，把羊肉切碎，包在耳朵形状的面团里。A. pointed指出；B. saw看见；C. pitied同情；D. categorized分类。根据后文张仲景给穷人作药膳可知，他同情冻伤的穷人。故选C。 111． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据说，一位名叫张仲景的医生很同情冻伤的穷人，于是他用药 材煮了一锅羊肉，把羊肉切碎，包在耳朵形状的面团里。A. cut切；B. chewed咀嚼；C. broke破坏；D. ate吃。短语cut up表示“切碎”，由常识可知，饺子馅需剁碎。故选A。 112． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些耳朵冻伤的人都被赠予喝这种“驱寒”汤。A. affected感 染；B. hurt受伤；C. suffered遭受；D. wounded伤害。根据前文“suffering from frostbite”的 提示可知，“suffered遭受”符合句意。故选C。 113． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是饺子的来历。A. dumplings饺子；B. dessert甜品；C. mooncake月饼；D. noodles面条。根据常识及后文的dumplings可知，此处在介绍饺子的来 历。故选A。 114． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，人们以同样的方式包饺子，并在节日期间吃饺子来纪念 他。A. praise赞扬；B. comment评论；C. commemorate纪念；D. recommend推荐。前文张 仲景救治了冻伤的穷人，按照语境逻辑可推知，人们用同样的方式来纪念他。故选C。 115． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在汉武帝采用农历之前，冬至被视为等同于春节。A. accessed 接近；B. regarded视为；C. accounted认为是；D. appointed任命。短语be regarded as表示 “被视为”，根据句中的as可知，regarded符合句意。故选B。 116． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然在汉朝，冬至不再被视为一年的开始，但人们仍然在这一 天庆祝、探亲和祭祀祖先。A. better更好；B. sooner更快；C. longer长久；D. less更少。 no longer表示“不再”，由句意可知，汉代时的冬至不再像以前那样被视作一年的开始。 故选C。 117． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然在汉朝，冬至不再被视为一年的开始，但人们仍然在这一 天庆祝、探亲和祭祀祖先。A. frequently经常；B. usually通常；C. seldom很少；D. still仍 然。根据句首的Although可知，尽管冬至不再被当做新年的开始，但是人们仍然在这天庆祝。故选D。 118． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然在汉朝，冬至不再被视为一年的开始，但人们仍然在这一 天庆祝、探亲和祭祀祖先。A. gifts礼物；B. sacrifices祭品；C. products产品；D. possessions私人物品。根据“the ancestors”可知，“sacrifices祭品”符合句意。故选B。 119． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们更加尊重冬至。A. attention注意；B. money金钱；C. time 时间；D. respect尊重。根据后文朱元璋将冬至设定为节日可知，冬至很受尊重。故选D。 120． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在明朝，朱元璋（明朝开国皇帝）制定了一年的三个节日—— 冬至、春节和他的生日。A. dates日期；B. events事件；C. customs风俗；D. holidays节日。 根据“the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival and his birthday”可知，这是三个节日。故选 D。