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完形填空
命题特点
完形填空就是在一篇语义完整的短文中有目的地挖出一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让
学生在重新理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个空格的备选选项作出尽可
能合理的分析、判断，从中选出最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明、文意畅达、逻辑严
密。其主要考查特点如下：
选材难度与教材大致相同，内容贴近生活
以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，也有说明文和议论文
以语境考查为主，不单纯考查语法
以实词为主，虚词为辅；以单词为主，词组为辅
题型分析
完形填空淡化了对语法的考察，侧重对语境的考查，因此从语境的角度对考点进行分类
非常重要。通过对近五年全国高考题的分析发现，考查最多的三类题为情景语境题、词汇语
境题和文化语境题。
命题特点 解题策略 例题展示
情 1. 考查通过上下 1. 依据首句或首 （2022·新高考全国卷II）
景 文的提示或暗示对 段预测全文大意和
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen
语 整体文意进行把握 主旨
goods with the help of some beggars . To look
境 的能力
2. 依据上下文语 into the 24 _, Wang disguised （伪装）
题
2. 淡化对语法的 境进行选择，避免 himself and 25( joined ) the beggars
考查，重在文意的 脱离全文断章取义
A . minor B . case
干扰，即把具体的
3. 了解各段之间
语言知识融进具体 C . future D . question
的联系，依据逻辑
的语言情景中去
关系进行选择 【解析】根据上文“ In the 1990s, a group of
thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of
some beggars .”可知，乞丐与小偷的行为已经
构成犯罪，此处指警察王先生调查这一“犯
罪案件”。故选B。词 考查词汇的词性、 1. 寻找信息，确 （新高考全国卷I)
汇 含义、固定搭配、 定搭配关系
Wang , who is often in 33( dangerous )
语 熟词生义等方面，
2. 注意常用短语 situations , is also a judo （ 柔 道 ）
境 考法相对灵活，题
动词的辨认，尤其 master .“As long as I get close enough, no
题 目占比虽不大，却
是动词短语 criminal can 34 from me ,” he said.
能考察出学生的基
本功，拉开分数的 3. 同义词或形近 A. separate B. recover
差距 词辨析
C. еscаре D. hear
4. 衔接词语辨析
【解析】根据上文王先生为抓小偷混入乞丐
中以及他是一位柔道高手可知，此处指他只
要靠得足够近，就没有罪犯能够从他手中
“逃脱”。故选C。
文 1. 范围广，但难 1. 中西兼顾，合 （新高考全国卷I）
化 度不大 理推断
4 9 （ Remove ） bunny from the belt. This was
语
2. 纵横交错，主 2. 广泛积累，未 50 (harder) than it sounds. 51 . a bit and
境
题为重 雨绸缪 the cakes pile up.
题
A. Calm down B. Slow down
C. Stay on D. Move on
【解析】根据空格后的 the cakes pile up可
知，如果速度慢下来，蛋糕就会堆积，故选
B。
策略指导
注意文章的整体性
快速通读全文，掌握文章的主旨大意。我们在答题时，应先通读文章，对全文的第一句
话和最后一句话以及每个段落的首尾两句话给予充分的关注。因为这些句子往往提纲挈领，
有助于发现文章的主旨和每段的大意。不要急于看选项、找答案，在通篇浏览全文时，注意
力应放在文章中出现的时间、地点、人物及事件上。
把握宏观，留心微观，理顺逻辑
在试填选项后，一定要通读文章，从整体上检查结构是否正确，语义是否连贯，逻辑是否通顺。另外，连词、副词是完形填空常考的词，在选择时要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，
避免出现逻辑混乱。只有明白文章结构，了解各段之间的关系，才能加深对文章的理解。
上下文关联找出语境，关注句子结构
完形填空是人为地切断文章的信息链，再让我们依据自己对文章的理解恢复文章信息链
的题型。本答题时，首先要汪意所选的答案填人空白处后，整个句子的语法结构是否合理；
其次，看语义是否通顺，上下文是否连贯、呼应；最后，如果几个选项填入空白处，结构和
语义都没有问题，那么就要在逻辑上看填入哪个选项最为合理。
巧辨词语和句型，活用同义与常识
完形埴空是考查我们能否熟练地掌握词组、习语和句型的题型，因此我们平时要注意词
组、习语和句型的积累。在答题过程中，我们如果能迅速地判断词组、习语和句型，不仅会
提高答题的准确率，而且可以节省答题时间。能否辨别同义词的不同含义是考查是否掌握词
汇的重要途径，很多词在不同的上下文中会有不同的意思，因此一定要在认真读懂文章的基
础上作答。
掌握多种方法，恢复文章原貌
首先，在阅读中要尽量记住最能表现文章主要内容的关键句段，如含时间、人物、地点
等信息的重点词句，力求把文章内容串联起来，构成整体概念，明确文章内容的逻辑关系及
来龙去脉；其次，认真分析句子的意思是否完整，凡是不连贯、内容不明的句段要重点观察，
最后，反复阅读所给文章，考虑哪个选项为最优选，能够更好地为文章服务。
真题重现
（2022·新高考全国卷I）
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten
years.
Some of our ___1___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little.
Once, we ___2___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___3___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into
the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten
minutes. He was ___4___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___5___ tying
him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___6___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-
old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___7___, but
storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___8___ our peaceful morning trip. The___9___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to ______10______ the motor.
Nothing. He tried again. No ______11______. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead
motor. As we all sat there ______12______, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖)
us back. We were ______13______.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense
of ______14______, wondering what camping fun and ______15______ we will experience next.
1．A．ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries
2．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled
3．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried
4．A．unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
5．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for
6．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed
7．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off
8．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded
9．A．wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed
10．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix
11．A．luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal
12．A．patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly
13．A．sorry B．brave C．safe D．right
14．A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement
15．A．failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict
（2022·新高考全国卷II）
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-
old is doing it ___16___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world,
stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___17___ ,
but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___18___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___19___ economy: an online group of house sitters.
Throughout their no-cost stays in ___20___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the
homeowner’s ___21___ .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___22___ their trips, scheduling their daysaround the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___23___ . But house sitting also offers a level of
___24___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____25____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high ____26____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go
beyond the homeowner’s ____27____ . For Jessica, that means ____28____ plenty of pictures of
happy pets, keeping the house ____29____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next
house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____30____ ,” she says.
16．A．indoors B．online C．single-handed D．full-time
17．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure
18．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable
19．A．local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural
20．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．co-workers’ D．neighbors’
21．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence
22．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete
23．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please
24．A．support B．comfort C．control D．attention
25．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying
26．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment
27．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding
28．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing
29．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty
30．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression
（2021·新高考全国卷I）
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I
worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time,
____31____ little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its ____32____throughout Cleveland. It happened that
the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____33____ help during our spring break, for which I
had no____34____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____35____ minimum wage. I’d
see how a factory____36____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad
with their ____37____.Our____38____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜)
ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____39____ bunny from the belt. This was ______40______ than
it sounds.______41______ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night,
it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d ______42______ .
Dad _____43_____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his
childhood______44______ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made
you______45______ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
31．A．sold B．ordered C．made D．reserved
32．A．stores B．families C．schools D．citizens
33．A．generous B．financial C．technical D．temporary
34．A．plans B．problems C．excuses D．hobbies
35．A．offer B．earn C．set D．suggest
36．A．worked B．closed C．developed D．survived
37．A．ambition B．permission C．experience D．invitation
38．A．joys B．ideas C．roles D．choices
39．A．Save B．Keep C．Stop D．Remove
40．A．harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
41．A．Calm down B．Slow down C．Stay on D．Move on
42．A．indicated B．witnessed C．expected D．remembered
43．A．cried B．smiled C．hesitated D．refused
44．A．tasting B．finding C．sharing D．delivering
45．A．withdraw B．donate C．receive D．appreciate
（2021·新高考全国卷II）
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even
learned to ____46____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-
winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____47____ However, he is more devoted to his
“____48____ "than any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look
into the ____49____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____50____ the beggars. Dirty shortsand old shoes gave him the ____51____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him
the ____52____ of the beggars.
“I often ____53____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____54____,they began to talk a
lot,"Wang said. “I'd then ____55____ myself to use the toilet, ____56____ what the beggars said,
and send the ____57____ to my teammates.”
Wang，who is often in ____58____ situations， is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long
as I get close enough, no criminal can ____59____ from me," he said.
Wang's ____60____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and
11 Citations of Merit.Paris.
46．A．teach B．compare C．assess D．speak
47．A．lawyer B．doctor C．policeman D．businessman
48．A．role B．study C．family D．audience
49．A．minor B．case C．future D．question
50．A．interviewedB．joined C．arrested D．assisted
51．A．challenge B．experience C．appearance D．freedom
52．A．vote B．sympathy C．permission D．trust
53．A．invited B．forced C．helped D．expected
54．A．drunk B．deserted C．bored D．lost
55．A．guide B．persuade C．excuse D．allow
56．A．refer to B．note down C．ask about D．miss out
57．A．plan B．agreement C．direction D．information
58．A．awkward B．dangerous C．unfortunate D．strange
59．A．separate B．recover C．escape D．hear
60．A．courage B．honesty C．kindness D．optimism
（2020·新高考全国卷I）
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his
second_____61_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____62____ there from a very young
age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____63____ happening around his home. A
flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____64____ it caused had driven away a number ofbirds. ____65____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____66____ that it was because
there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____67____. The solution, of course, was to
plant trees so the animals could seek ____68____ during the daytime. He turned to the
____69____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went
looking on his own and _____70_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
____71____ young plants in the dry season was ______72______for a lone boy. Molai built at
the _____73_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with
small holes to______74______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai _____75_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360
acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
61．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice
62．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge
63．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward
64．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage
65．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
66．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
67．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust
68．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter
69．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance
70．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed
71．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding
72．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial
73．A．back B．top C．foot D．side
74．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect
75．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued
（2020·新高考全国卷II）
When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work,
he____76____his car to call 911. Then he____77____a U-turn, circling back to take another look.
Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window.
Not seeing or hearing any fire engines____78____. Grant rushed to a side____79____and ran up thestairs.
On the second floor, he____80____every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No
one____81____and he assumed that people had already____82____. Reaching the end of the
hallway, though, Grant____83____a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding
a____84____woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's_____85_____!" he
screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes.
Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and_____86_____the boy alongside,
Grant ran down the hallway. When he was_____87_____outside, the only_____88_____in sight was
a policeman. Grant told him about the_____89_____and they rushed into the smoky building.
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for
their_____90_____.
76．A．drove B．stopped C．reached D．abandoned
77．A．saw B．made C．missed D．crossed
78．A．burning B．leaving C．approaching D．waiting
79．A．entrance B．road C．building D．window
80．A．locked B．kicked C．counted D．repaired
81．A．agreed B．cared C．responded D．understood
82．A．arrived B．returned C．hidden D．escaped
83．A．skipped B．closed C．noticed D．remembered
84．A．frightened B．curious C．patient D．grateful
85．A．turn back B．go up C．get out D．lie down
86．A．following B．dragging C．examining D．passing
87．A．safely B．secretly C．suddenly D．previously
88．A．witness B．guide C．service D．help
89．A．woman B．door C．car D．baby
90．A．wisdom B．generosity C．honesty D．courage
