文档内容
【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义
完形填空
解密05 瞻前顾后揣摩语境的复习要点
【构建知识体系】
考点1词汇复现
考点2习惯搭配
完型填空 考点3行文逻辑
考点4生活常识和文化背景
考点5瞻前顾后揣摩语境
【英语学科素养解读】
考试大纲 要求 考纲解读
既考 主要测验学生的语言综合运用能力，包括词语
在一篇约 250词的短
查考生的 辨析能力、语法结构分析能力、语篇理解能力、逻
文中留出15个空白，要求
英语基础 辑推理能力、文化背景透析能力、作者意图剖析能
考生从每题的给的4个选
知识，又 力和生活常识综合运用能力。该题型分值高（15
项中选出最佳选项，使补
考查考生 分）。
足的短文意思通顺、前后
综合运用
连贯、结构完整。
语言的能
力，
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向
2020-2022 年全国高考本专题考查分布明细统计
年份 试卷类型 体裁 词数 话题 考点分布
2022 全 国 记叙文 231 文章主要讲述了作者和家 名词5
新高考I卷 人在旅行过程中经历过的 动词4
趣事与冒险，并且作者和
动词短语1
家人都十分期待即将经历
2022年
形容词3
的冒险。
副词1
介词短语1
2022 全 国 记叙文 209 主要介绍了 Jessica 和丈夫 名词7
1
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司新高考II卷 通过当看房人来环球旅行 形容词4
的事情。在他们免费住在
动词4
陌生人家里的过程中，他
们会在房主不在的时候喂
宠物、给植物浇水。这对
夫妇被接受为看房人的成
功率很高，他们总是超出
房主的预期。
2021· 英 语 记叙文 254 文章主要讲了Burchill住酒 动词9
全国甲卷 店时，给朋友携带的意大 动词短语1
名词4
利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥
介词短语1
在逃跑的过程中，造成了
形容词4
一些东西的损坏，Burchill
副词1
间接给酒店造成了损失。
酒店把Burchill列入了黑名
单，Burchill被终身禁止入
住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地
写了道歉信，请求酒店重
新考虑自己被终身禁止入
住酒店的决定。最终，他
的信起作用了。
2021年
2021· 全 国 夹叙夹议 248 文章通过作者做护士期间 名词7
高考乙卷 遇到的一个女病人为例， 动词9
表达了我们应该对别人的
动词短语1
副词2
付出表示真诚的感谢，即
形容词1
使他们只是做了自己分内
的事。
2021· 全 国 记叙文 220 文章主要讲了在一次春假 动词8
新高考I卷 时，我去工厂打工赚钱， 动词短语1
感触颇多。父亲认为这种
名词4
形容词2
工作不仅能让小孩子感谢
得到的报酬，而且能够学
会尊重那些从事这项工作
的人。
新课标卷I 夹叙夹议文 260 作者以现实中的门，引申出生 动词4
活中的“门”，从而探讨了一 动词短语2
2020年
种教育理念。作者认为家长们 名词7
不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这
形容词3
2
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司样，孩子们才可以在生活的道 副词2
路上，不再被各种“进退两 介词短语1
难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，
勇往直前。
新课标卷II 记叙文 281 文章主要讲述了一个名叫 动词11名词4
Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价 形容词3 副词2
购得两幅画。
新课标卷III 记叙文 270 作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就 动词8动词短语
是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间 1
的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不 名词4形容词3
愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了 副词2 介词短语
每个人的一天。 2
【高考预测】
纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2023年全国高考试题还会
①文章基本控制在4－5段， 250个词左右，且趋于稳定。
②文体以记叙文、夹叙夹议为主，话题多样，但均贴近生活。对于记叙文，要按照记叙文的6要素
理顺所叙事情的脉络，还要重视其背后的情感线索。文章均是正能量十足的好文章。
③文章结构大致相同，都是以“总－分”或“总－分－总”结构为主，第一段是主旨段，提出话
题，之后的几个段落展开说明或深入议论。每个段落内部也同样基本采取“总－分”或“总－分
－总”结构，段落开头点明该段的大意，然后再展开详细阐述，必要时再做一简单总结。
考点5 瞻前顾后揣摩语境
1.【2022·新高考I】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the
past ten years.
Some of our ___21___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little.
21. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
2.【2022·新高考I】 I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten
minutes. He was ___24___, and his crying let the whole campground know it.
24. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
3.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of
them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling
the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.
21．A．indoors B．online C．single-handed D．full-time
4.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Throughout their no-cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and
water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ .
25．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．co-workers’ D．neighbors’
26．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence
5.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】But house sitting also offers a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a
3
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司hotel. “It’s like staying at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
29．A．support B．comfort C．control D．attention
6.【2021·全国新高考I卷】It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for plans help during
our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite records.
43．A．generous B．financial C．technical D．temporary
7.【2021·全国新高考I卷】I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory worked.
45．A．offer B．earn C．set D．suggest
8.【2021·全国新高考 I 卷】Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.
Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.Remove bunny from the belt.
48．A．joys B．ideas C．roles D．choices
9.【2021·英语全国甲卷】As he was 25 that it would be too warm, he laid it out on the table near
an open window.
25．A．surprised B．pleased C．excited D．worried
10.【2021·英语全国甲卷】The seagulls immediately went wild. They rushed to the window, 30 or 40
birds all trying to get out at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down,
the lamps were falling down, It was a real 34 .
34．A．mess B．puzzle C．fight D．challenge
11.【2021·全国高考乙卷】We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was eventually
discovered to be a heart attack.
44．A．departing B．escaping C．retiring D．recovering
12.【2021·全国高考乙卷】The collapse was disastrous, requiring the emergency medical team and
good teamwork. But she recovered, though 48 , and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
48．A．slightly B．accidentally C．slowly D．happily
13.【2021·全国高考乙卷】On her day of discharge, we shared in her delight at her recovery. As she was
51 she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
51．A．operating B．thinking C．hesitating D．leaving
14. 【2020·山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷)】When he was 16, Molai began to notice
something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24
it caused had driven away a number of birds. Beside, the number of snakes had declined as well.
23．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward
24．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage
15. 【2020·海南省高考英语试卷（新高考全国 II卷)】Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames
（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines 43 Grant
rushed to a side 44 and ran up the stairs.
43. A. burning B. leaving C. approaching D. waiting
4
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司44. A. entrance B. road C. building D. window
16. 【2020·海南省高考英语试卷（新高考全国II卷)】On the second floor, he kicked every apartment
door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one 46 and he assumed that people had already 47 .
46. A. agreed B. cared C. responded D. understood
47. A. arrived B. returned C. hidden D. escaped
17. 【2020·山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷)】 Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37
years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many
plants and animals.
35．A．returned B．learned C．failedD．continued
【精讲研法】——课堂讲解突破核心考点
考点5 瞻前顾后揣摩语境
【做题实践中找规律】
1.【2023·山西省三重教育12月联考】Mollen’s lunch projects are easy to do. She doesn’t have to buy
special ingredients. Instead, she uses leftovers from dinner the night before and everyday items from her
food storage area. She likes using sunflower seed butter to ____28____ her creations together.
28．A．gather B．fasten C．stick D．cover
2.【2023·安徽省皖南八校第二次大联考】Without his phone on him, Favorin slowly walked to his
neighbors’ door, rang their doorbell and leaned in opposition to the porch-railing (门廊的栏杆). Then, he
misplaced his grasp on the railing and ____46____.
46．A．disappeared B．advanced C．collapsed D．survived
3.【2023·山西部分重点中学12月月考】“Mom, we want to write a book” my five year old twins,
Delilah and Nathenial, announced one day. “Sure. I’ll get some paper”I said. They had made so many
“books” and I had all the _21_ at hand. Mom we want to make a real book.
21．A．comments B．proposals C．supplies D．secrets
4.【2023届高三第一次学业质量评价（T8联考）】Later, another woman gave him her scarf and then
____27____ him in her large overcoat. Throughout the day, more and more people offered to give him
gloves and even the coats off their backs as they waited for their bus.
27．A．carried B．bound C．placed D．wrapped
规律方法：完形填空技巧之瞻前顾后揣摩语境
利用语境选词旨在考查考生在语境中熟练运用所学语言的实践技能。完形填空的每一个空白
的设置并不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性，
因此考生应该通过上下文的暗示获取解题信息，因此做完形填空题时一定要“瞻前顾后，前引后
联”，充分利用文章所有可能提供的信息解题。在做题时考生还可以利用褒贬性语境及一些语言
结构来判定正确答案。任何完形填空文章的语境都具有一定的褒贬性，它反映了作者或主人公特
定的情绪状态，并支撑着文意的发展，因此利用褒贬性语境的情感性可以巧妙进行完形填空信息
推断。所以考生要在读懂原文、掌握大意的基础上，选语气与文章一致的选项。
通过“顾后信息”解题
5
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司众所周知，完形填空的命题不是“天马行空”，更不是“独来独往”，所以正确领会和下文
情节的发展发生这样或那样的关系，这就成为寻找正确项的根据。因此，考生需要“顾及”空后
的相关信息，从而做出正确的选择。
[典例]Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande
in the Andes mountains. They reached the top__21__ ， but on their way back conditions were
very__22__(difficult)．Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon__23__(continued)
alone，he would probably get back__24__(safely)．
21．A. hurriedly B．Carefully C．successfully D．early
[剖析]从空后信息寻找解题根据是完形填空题中最常用的解题方法之一。该题空前谈到他们登
山，特别是空后谈到他们返回，只有他们成功地到达山顶才有返回的可能。另外考生需要注意，
利用空后信息解题通常指偏靠前面的题目。
[答案]C
通过“瞻前信息”解题
这种情况多出现在文章展开之后，这时前文已经含有丰富的语境信息，设空和前文有逻辑或
语境的联系，这样空前的信息就成为解题的根据。解题时一定要善于捕捉这些重要的信息，以达
到解题的目的。
[ 典 例 ][2016· 全 国 Ⅰ ]Once fire and emergency people arrived ， Larry and the other man
__56__(backed off) and let them go to work. Then，Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or
__58__(free) to go. They let him and the other man go.
57．A. woman B．police C．man D．driver
[剖析]在完形填空的解题中，运用空前信息解题是最常用的解题方法之一。从上文“Once fire
and emergency people arrived”可知警察赶到现场。
[答案]B
【变式精讲】
【例1】【2023·安徽省皖南八校第二次大联考】But that day, when he did exercise figuring out, he
began feeling dangerous. He couldn’t carry his arms above his shoulders and felt ache in his chest. He
____44____ he was having a heart attack.
43．A．cleverly B．halfway C．blindly D．bitterly
【例2】【2023·山西省三重教育12月联考】Making artful lunches for Mollen’s children helps
____29____ her guilt. She is a working mother and she is not available for her kids after school. Her artful
lunches are her way of reminding her children that she is missing them.
29．A．ease B．blame C．break D．prove
【例3】【2023届高三第一次学业质量评价（T8联考）】Temperatures in the Norwegian capital
regularly drop to -10℃ during winter. ____21____ in the harsh winter without wearing a coat, a boy
wrapped his arms around himself on a bus stop bench.
21．A．Thinking B．Jumping C．Sleeping D．Trembling
【例4】【2023·山西部分重点中学12月月考】Like these! Delilah said, holding up some picture
6
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司books. Were they_23_? I thought. I didn’t know how to get a book published. Still, I didn’t want to destroy
their creativity I said,“OK... What do you want it to be about?”
23．A．praying B．joking C．crying D．replying
7
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司8
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司
