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完形填空 解密04 生活常识和文化背景（分层训练）
A
分层练
1.【浙江省诸暨市2022-2023学年高三12月诊断性考试】As time went on, I did come across some customers
really particular. But whenever I felt cast down, that man and his kindness would occur to me. Then I would smile,
hold my head up high, clear my throat and ask politely, “How can I ____35____ you?”
35．A．treat B．thank C．contact D．help
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. treat对待；B. thank感谢；C. contact联系；D. help帮助。根据上文
“ask politely”并结合常识可知，这里为日常交际用语，询问对方有什么需要。故选D。
2.【浙江省慈溪市2022-2023学年高三上学期12月适应性考试】Why are turtles easily in danger? Because
turtles come out of the wetlands onto dry land to lay their eggs. In the open area, they are ___27___ by other
animals. But, the even greater threat is cars. Wetlands Institute cares for the injured turtles and also collects eggs
from those accidentally losing their lives on the road.
27．A．hunted B．conquered C．discovered D．caught
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在开阔的地区，它们会被其他动物猎杀。A. hunted捕猎，捕杀；B.
conquered征服，占领；C. discovered发现，发掘；D. caught捕捉，抓住。根据常识判断，句中主语“they”
是指水龟，会有其他动物将其作为“食物”捕猎。故选A项。
3.【2023届浙江省舟山市高三1月份首考英语模拟试题】Now, due to our pandemic lives, hugging a stranger
is the ___58___ thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and
anxiety because of risks and precautions (防范). I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one
another again, a friend, relative, or a stranger.
58．A．last B．best C．first D．most
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，由于我们的现在的疫情生活，拥抱陌生人是我们最不愿意做的事
情。A. last最后的； B. best最好； C. first第一； D. most最。根据“pandemic lives(疫情生活)”和常识可
知，在疫情期间，需减少接触，防止传染，所以拥抱陌生人是最不愿意做的事情，last thing表示“最不愿
意做的事”，故选A。
4.【2022·河北省保定市统考】Brandon invited Chu to join them for dinner, but he needed to get back. Chu also
wouldn’t accept any 34 from them. “It was a（n）honor to help fulfill their wishes.” Chu says.
34．A．congratulation B．proposal C．generosity D．money
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，Chu也不会收他们的钱。A. congratulation祝贺，庆贺；B.
proposal建议；C. generosity慷慨；D. money钱。根据常识可知，Chu是开餐馆的，通常给别人做菜后，别
人应该要付钱，但Chu不会收他们的钱，故选D。
5.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2021-2022学年高三上学期1月质量检测】
My interviews with all those famous people are significant to me, but another personal interview meant even
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I regretted not learning more about the childhood of my parents and their siblings(兄弟姐妹), so a few years
ago, I interviewed my only living uncle, 80-year-old Uncle Joe. He sat in his living room chair, and I 23
my equipment, asking questions like “What was it like growing up in the Great Depression?” and “What did you
do for fun as a boy?”
23．A．gave away B．took away C．set up D．packed up
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他坐在客厅的椅子上，我摆好了设备，问了一些问题，比如“在大萧
条中长大是什么感觉？”还有“你小时候做了什么好玩的事？”A. gave away赠送，泄露；B. took away带
走；C. set up建立，搭建；D. packed up打包。结合常识和“my equipment”可知，采访需要摆好（搭建）
设备。故选C。
6.【2022·江西省吉安市统考】A plane was flying somewhere to cut an abandoned oil pipeline, The pilot Downs
21 eight employees of the oil company and a man named Eliot on board.
21．A．hired B．visited C．carried D．telephoned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机上有飞行员Downs、八名石油公司员工和一名名叫Eliot的男子。
A. hired雇佣；B. visited拜访，参观；C. carried携带，拿；D. telephoned打电话。根据常识，飞机上应该
是载有多少乘客，这里的carry理解为“载有”。故选C项。
7.【2022·安徽省蚌埠市第二次教学质量检查】
Phone in one hand, I opened Slack and started to scroll through my favorite channels. Success stories brought a
morning 21 .
21．A．glory B．call C．lift D．meal
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的故事带来了早晨的振奋。A. glory光荣；B. call电话；C. lift电
梯，振奋；D. meal一餐。根据上文“Success stories brought a morning”以及常识，可知成功的故事带来的
是早晨的振奋。故选C。
8.【2023·山西省怀仁市调研】Now Kris could finally repay the favor. Soon he was at Jacob’s doorstep with a
lifesaving message. “He said, ‘It’s your lucky day; I’m the 35 blood type,’” remembers Jacob. “I was in
shock-and he said, ‘I’ve got two kidneys, and you can have one.’”
35．A．same B．other C．unique D．better
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天是你的幸运日;我和你是同一种血型。A. same相同的；B. other
其它的；C. unique独一无二的；D. better更好的。根据常识可以判断出，雅各布患上了肾病，所以要找到
血型相同的人，才能救助雅各布。故选A项。
9.【山东省济南市2022届高三年级1月学情检测（一模）】“Sign language is great because it ____34____
communication and also helps children become more represents to people with disabilities,” said Sanela.
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司35．A．polite B．sensitive C．adaptable D．thankful
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. polite礼貌的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. adaptable可适应的；
D. thankful感谢的。根据常识可知，学会手语能帮助孩子们更好地适应残疾人。故选C。
10.【福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中 2021-2022学年高三上学期期中联考】My dad chose a 16-mile
section of the road for us to ride. Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill which is over a mile long! To
45 , we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries. In the morning, we loaded our bikes into the
car and set off.
45．A．prepare B．register C．cooperate D．participate
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了做好准备，我们检查了车胎，并确保车灯里装了电池。A. prepare
准备；B. register登记；C. cooperate合作；D. participate参与。根据后文“we checked our tires and made
sure our lights had batteries.”说作者和父亲检查了车胎，并确保车灯里装了电池，结合常识可知，这些都是
公路探险前的准备工作，故选A。
B
分层练
1.完形填空【江苏省镇江市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中调研】
One winter morning, my friends and I went to play hocky at Fresh Pond. When we arrived, we realized that
we forgot to bring the goal. “Go and____21____the ice while we go back to get it,” they said.
So when they went back, I was going to test the ice. I started along the____22____and felt it was solid. As I
ventured farther out, the ice got____23____, and it was exciting to see underwater plants under the ice.
____24____, I heard a massive cracking sound around me. Before I knew it, I was in the water with just my
head sticking out and my arms____25____my hockey stick. No one could hear my cries for____26____. I was
hyperventilating (呼吸急促) while trying to____27____my crisis.
____28____all my strength, I hammered (用力击打) the blade (刀刃) of my stick into the ice ahead of me
to____29____some kind of anchor (锚)____30____I could pull myself out of the cold, watery hole. As I pulled my
chest onto the ice, it broke. I tried again, and it kept____31____. Again and again, until I finally could get to ice
that could____32____my chest.
When I finally emerged from the water, there came a new____33____—I couldn’t stand! So I crawled (爬)
along the____34____until I finally made it to shore.
In the warmth of my home, my mother told me that Fresh Pond is____35____by warmer underwater springs
and I should never skate there again. Now she tells me!
21．A．check out B．move away C．save up D．look for
22．A．line B．bottom C．edge D．top
23．A．smoother B．clearer C．thicker D．heavier
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司24．A．Initially B．Consequently C．Naturally D．Suddenly
25．A．touching B．throwing C．holding D．appreciating
26．A．mercy B．help C．sympathy D．promise
27．A．solve B．cause C．spread D．discover
28．A．Feeling B．Demonstrating C．Saving D．Using
29．A．remove B．challenge C．create D．protect
30．A．so B．because C．although D．if
31．A．increasing B．shaking C．breaking D．floating
32．A．balance B．control C．hit D．support
33．A．dream B．problem C．motivation D．inspiration
34．A．ice B．ground C．stone D．river
35．A．followed B．flooded C．polluted D．fed
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．
B 34．A 35．D
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和朋友去Fresh Pond打曲棍球时，作者独自去检查冰面，冰破了，
作者掉到了水里。作者利用曲棍球棒自救，爬到冰上，最后爬到岸上。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们回去取球的时候，你去看看冰面，”他们说。A. check out检验；B.
move away移开；C. save up储蓄；D. look for寻找。根据第二段第一句话“So when they went back, I was
going to test the ice.”可知，作者的朋友是让他去检查一下冰面。选项中的check out和下文的test是对应的。
故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我沿着边缘开始，感觉它很结实。A. line线；B. bottom底部；C. edge边缘；
D. top顶部。根据句中的动词“started”和下一句中的“As I ventured farther out…”可知，作者是从边上开始
检查的。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我冒险走得更远时，冰变得更清了，看到冰下的水下植物真是令人兴
奋。A. smoother更平滑的；B. clearer更清澈的；C. thicker更厚的；D. heavier更重的。根据下文的“it was
exciting to see underwater plants under the ice.”可知，作者可以看到冰下面的植物，所以越往远处走，冰就越
清澈。故选B。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我听到周围传来一声巨响。A. Initially最初；B. Consequently因此；
C. Naturally自然；D. Suddenly突然。根据下文的“Before I knew it…”可知，作者听到巨响和掉到水里都是
突然间发生的事。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我反应过来之前，我已经在水里了，只露出了我的头，胳膊夹着我的曲
棍球杆。A. touching触摸；B. throwing投掷；C. holding抓住；D. appreciating欣赏。根据下一段第一句话
“ all my strength, I hammered (用力击打) the blade (刀刃) of my stick into the ice ahead of me
to some kind of anchor (锚) I could pull myself out of the cold, watery hole.”可知，作者
虽然掉水里了，但作者拿着的曲棍球棒并没有掉。故选C。
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人能听到我的呼救声。A. mercy仁慈；B. help帮助；C. sympathy同情；
D. promise承诺。作者掉到水里，肯定是要呼救，cry for help意义为“呼救声”。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在试图解决我的危机时呼吸急促。A. solve解决；B. cause引起；C.
spread扩散；D. discover发现。根据句意和空格后的“my crisis”可知，作者肯定是想解决当时的危机。故
选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用尽全身的力气，把球棍的刀刃刺进我前面的冰里，形成一个锚，这样
我就可以把自己从冰冷的水里拉出来了。A. Feeling感觉；B. Demonstrating演示；C. Saving保存；D.
Using使用。根据空格后的“all my strength”和句中的动词“hammered (用力击打)”可知，作者肯定是用尽
全力努力把球棍的刀刃刺进前面的冰里。 故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用尽全身的力气，把球棍的刀刃刺进我前面的冰里，形成一个锚，这样
我就可以把自己从冰冷的水里拉出来了。A. remove去掉；B. challenge挑战；C. create创造；D. protect保
护。根据下文的“…I could pull myself out of the cold, watery hole. ”可知，作者把球棍的刀刃插入冰里，是
想让它起一个锚的作用，把他从水里拉出来。故选C。
30．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我用尽全身的力气，把球棍的刀刃刺进我前面的冰里，形成一个锚，这样
我就可以把自己从冰冷的水里拉出来了。A. so为了；B. because因为；C. although尽管；D. if如果。根据
句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是作者做前面一系列动作的目的。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又试了一次，冰总是碎掉。A. increasing增加；B. shaking摇晃；C.
breaking破碎；D. floating浮动。根据上一句“As I pulled my chest onto the ice, it broke. I tried again,..”和下
文“again and again”可知，当作者想爬到冰上时，冰就不断碎掉。的故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一次又一次，直到我到达可以支撑我的胸部的冰块。A. balance保持平衡；
B. control控制；C. hit击中；D. support支持。根据上文的句子“As I pulled my chest onto the ice, it broke. I
tried again, and it kept 11 . ”可知，作者一直在努力寻找可以支撑住他的冰块。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我终于浮出水面时，又出现了一个新问题——我站不起来! A. dream梦
想；B. problem问题；C. motivation动机；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文的“I couldn’t stand”可知，作者又
遇到了新的问题——他无法站起来。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我在冰上爬着，直到终于爬上了岸。A. ice冰；B. ground地面；C.
stone石头；D. river河流。根据上一段最后一句话“Again and again, until I finally could get to ice that could
14 my chest.”可知，作者是在冰上爬的。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在温暖的家里，妈妈告诉我Fresh Pond的水来自于温暖的水下泉，我再也
不能在那里滑冰了。A. followed跟随；B. flooded淹没；C. polluted污染；D. fed供给。根据下文的
“underwater springs”可知Fresh Pond的水来自于温暖的水下泉，也就是Fresh Pond的水是由水下泉供给的。
故选D。
2.完形填空【2023届浙江省金华十校高三上学期11月模拟】
My car slid easily into the school lane. I turned around and glanced at the back seat as my ten-year-old
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司daughter ___21___. My daughter’s words started to spill. “Momma, Jenny ___22___ all the girls in the class to
attend her birthday party except for Heather and me. I ___23___ I was her friend too.” The air was filled with her
___24___.
As tears ran down my little girl’s face, I felt ___25___. As an introvert (内向的人), I often breathe a sigh of
___26___ when I am not invited to a large social gathering. I prefer ___27___ with a few friends who get me.
___28___, I don’t extend my preferences to my daughter’s social life. Since the age of four, rather than ___29___
just a few, I’ve invited all of her classmates to her birthday parties, because I am ___30___ to the need for young
girls and boys to feel ___31___.
I understand that at some point all of us are excluded from something and that this is a ___32___ children
will eventually learn. But why does it have to happen when they are so ___33___?
As soon as we got home, I hugged my still upset daughter and wiped away her tears. As I ___34___ her, I
thought of her own approaching birthday party. The invitation would go out to ___35___ of her classmates.
21．A．got off B．climbed in C．pulled up D．checked out
22．A．invited B．persuaded C．allowed D．reminded
23．A．remembered B．pretended C．thought D．admitted
24．A．sorrow B．excitement C．embarrassment D．anxiety
25．A．fearless B．hopeless C．tireless D．powerless
26．A．disappointmentB．impatience C．relief D．sadness
27．A．competing B．bargaining C．connecting D．living
28．A．Instead B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
29．A．expecting B．choosing C．ignoring D．training
30．A．used B．addicted C．blind D．sensitive
31．A．left out B．at ease C．fulfilled D．included
32．A．lesson B．test C．skill D．quality
33．A．upset B．young C．naughty D．lonely
34．A．rescued B．entertained C．rewarded D．comforted
35．A．all B．some C．none D．few
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．D 32．A 33．
B 34．D 35．A
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了十岁的女儿告诉作者自己被同学珍妮排挤，没有被邀请去参加
珍妮的生日派对，作者对此感到无能为力，但是尽力安慰女儿，并还是决定在女儿生日派对的时候邀请所
有人。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我转过身，瞥了一眼后座，十岁的女儿正爬进车里。A. got off下车；B.
climbed in爬进；C. pulled up拔起；D. checked out结账。根据后文“My daughter’s words started to spill.(我
女儿开始滔滔不绝了)”可知，十岁的女儿爬进了车里。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，珍妮邀请了班里所有的女孩来参加她的生日聚会，除了希瑟和我。
6
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司A. invited邀请；B. persuaded说服；C. allowed允许；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“all the girls in the class
to attend her birthday party”指邀请所有女孩去参加生日派对。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为我也是她的朋友。A. remembered记得；B. pretended假装；C.
thought以为，认为；D. admitted承认。根据后文“I was her friend too”可知，女儿说以为自己也是她的朋
友。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：空气中充满了她的悲伤。A. sorrow悲伤；B. excitement激动；C.
embarrassment尴尬；D. anxiety焦虑。结合上文可知，女儿没有被邀请，感到很悲伤。故选A。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我的小女儿泪流满面时，我感到无能为力。A. fearless无畏的；B.
hopeless绝望的；C. tireless不知疲倦的；D. powerless无力的。后文提到作者是个内向的人，没有遇到过这
种情况，所以是感到无能为力。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个内向的人，当我没有被邀请参加大型社交聚会时，我常常会松一
口气。A. disappointment失望；B. impatience无耐心；C. relief安慰；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文“As an
introvert”可知，因为作者很内向，所以没有被邀请只感到松了一口气。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢和几个懂我的朋友交流。A. competing竞争；B. bargaining讨价还
价；C. connecting联系；D. living居住。根据后文“with a few friends who get me”指和几个懂自己的朋友保
持联系，应用connect with。故选C。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我并没有把我的喜好延伸到我女儿的社交生活上。A. Instead相反；
B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用
however。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四岁开始，我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日派对，而不是只选几个，
因为我很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩需要有参与感。A. expecting期待；B. choosing选择；C. ignoring忽视；D.
training训练。根据后文“I’ve invited all of her classmates to her birthday parties(我邀请了她所有的同学参加
她的生日聚会)”可知，作者邀请了所有人，而不是有所选择。故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从四岁开始，我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日派对，而不是只选几
个，因为我很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩需要有参与感。A. used用过的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. blind盲目的；
D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“to the need for young girls and boys to feel”可知，作者对小男孩和小女孩希
望自己能够融入他人的这一成长经历很敏感，即：很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩在成长的过程中需要有参与感，
故选D。
31．考查动词/短语词义辨析。句意：从四岁开始，我邀请了她所有的同学参加她的生日派对，而不是只选
几个，因为我很清楚年轻的女孩和男孩需要有参与感。A. left out忽视；B. at ease安逸；C. fulfilled实现；
D. included包括。根据上文“the need for young girls and boys to feel”可知，这里指女孩男孩都需要有参与
感，included此处为过去分词转化而来的形容词，表示“包括在内的”。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白，在某种程度上，我们所有人都会被排除在外，这是孩子们最终会
学到的一个道理。A. lesson道理、教训；B. test测试；C. skill技能；D. quality质量。根据后文“children
will eventually learn”可知，所有人都有被排除在外的时候，这是孩子们最终会学到的一个道理。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是为什么这种事发生在他们这么小的时候呢？A. upset沮丧的；B.
7
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司young年轻的；C. naughty淘气的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文可知女儿才十岁就遭到了排挤，所以是很小
的年纪。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我安慰她时，我想到了她自己即将到来的生日聚会。A. rescued营救；B.
entertained娱乐；C. rewarded奖赏；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“As soon as we got home, I hugged my still
upset daughter and wiped away her tears.(我们一到家，我就拥抱了仍然很难过的女儿，为她擦去眼泪)”可知，
作者安慰伤心的女儿。故选D。
35．考查代词词义辨析。句意：邀请会发给她所有的同学。A. all全部；B. some一些；C. none没有人；D.
few很少。呼应上文“I’ve invited all of her classmates to her birthday parties”指作者会邀请班上所有人。故选
A。
3.完形填空【浙江省湖州、丽水、衢州三地市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月教学质量测试】
Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school ___41___ . So I shouldn’t have been
___42___ when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was because she has
Down syndrome (唐氏综合症).
My wife and I never told Lauren that she was ___43___ . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t
want her to feel disabled.
I discussed Lauren’s ___44___ with my wife that evening. She thought Lauren would make the team and she
was right. Lauren did make it ___45___ not all the girls wanted to play.
The season’s first basketball game ___46___ . It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was
behind. Lauren ___47___ followed the movement on the court and reacted to every ___48___ . Even though
Lauren wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life. I felt ___49___ for my daughter.
Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for
the game. Lauren ___50___ the others fairly well. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She ___51___ it. She shot.
She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren ___52___ us in the stands. “Did you see? I scored! I made a
___53___ !”
For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to ___54___ Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching
Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but ___55___ .
41．A．students B．teachers C．athletes D．clerks
42．A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed
43．A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical
44．A．announcement B．preference C．arrangement D．proposal
45．A．if B．though C．because D．so
46．A．appeared B．remained C．changed D．arrived
47．A．attentively B．carelessly C．frequently D．repeatedly
48．A．team B．shot C．game D．shout
49．A．regret B．anxiety C．admiration D．sympathy
50．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from
8
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司51．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught
52．A．challenged B．joined C．left D．greeted
53．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket
54．A．excuse B．prohibit C．discourage D．shelter
55．A．spiritually B．consciously C．literally D．socially
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．D 52．B 53．
D 54．D 55．A
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的女儿患有唐氏综合症，但是她仍然参加了女子篮球队，
在一次比赛中，她还进球了，作者对女儿感到佩服。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的两个儿子都是高中运动员。A. students学生；B. teachers老师；C.
athletes运动员；D. clerks办事员，职员。根据上文“Sports are important in our family”可知，作者的两个儿
子都是高中运动员。故选C。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A.
disappointed失望的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Sports
are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school ___1__”可知，作者家里有运动这种家庭氛围，
所以当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，作者觉得不应该感到惊讶。故选B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从来没有告诉劳伦她与别人不同。A. normal正常的；B.
ordinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根据上文“she has Down syndrome”可知，她是和
别人不同的。故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我和妻子讨论了劳伦的声明。A. announcement声明；B.
preference偏爱；C. arrangement安排；D. proposal提议。根据上文“Lauren announced she was going out for
the girls’ basketball team”可知，作者和妻子讨论了劳伦的声明。故选A。
45．考查连词词义辨析。句意：劳伦成功了，因为不是所有的女孩都想打篮球。A. if如果；B. though虽然；
C. because因为；D. so所以。根据下文“not all the girls wanted to play”可知，劳伦成功了，因为不是所有
的女孩都想打篮球。故选C。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：本赛季的第一场篮球赛到了。A. appeared出现；B. remained保持；C.
changed改变；D. arrived到达。根据下文“It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was
behind”可知，本赛季的第一场篮球赛到了。故选D。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. attentively
专注地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. frequently频繁地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据下文“followed the
movement on the court”可知，劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. team队伍；
B. shot投篮；C. game游戏；D. shout大喊。根据上文“followed the movement on the court and reacted to”可
知，劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很佩服我的女儿。A. regret后悔；B. anxiety焦虑；C. admiration钦佩；
9
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司D. sympathy同情。根据上文“Even though Lauren wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of
her life”可知，作者对女儿这样的表现表示钦佩。故选C。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：劳伦与其他人的步伐保持得相当好。A. kept pace with保持同步；B. gave
way to给……让路；C. put up with忍受；D. broke away from脱离。根据下文“Then they passed Lauren the
ball”可知，劳伦与其他人的步伐保持得相当好。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了它。A. threw扔；B. missed错过；C. cast投掷；D. caught抓住。
根据下文“She shot. She scored”可知，她抓住了篮球。故选D。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，劳伦在看台上加入了我们。A. challenged挑战；B. joined加入；
C. left离开；D. greeted问候。根据下文“in the stands”可知，劳伦在看台上加入了我们。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进了一个球！A. mistake错误；B. record记录；C. mess混乱；D. basket
投篮得分。根据上文“I scored”可知，作者女儿说自己进了一个球，空格处是“投篮得分”。故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与他人不一样。A. excuse原谅；B.
prohibit禁止；C. discourage使受挫；D. shelter提供庇护，提供保护。根据下文“Lauren from feeling like
she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与他人不一样，空格处意为“提供庇护，提供保
护”。故选D。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着劳伦在比赛中的表现，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上或情
感上的，而是精神上的。A. spiritually精神上的；B. consciously有意识地；C. literally逐字地；真正地；D.
socially在社会上。根据上文“not physically or emotionally”可知，作者发现女儿真的与众不同——不是身
体上或情感上的，而是精神上的。故选A。
4.完形填空【江苏省南京市南京市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】
We live in a world increasingly dominated by science. Since elementary school, I have always ___41___
subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___42___, seem to play more
significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always ___43___ thought of these subjects as more
solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right ___44___, I thought, why bother? But recently I
had an ___45___ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first
philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom, I was ___46___. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what
exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___47___
intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite ___48___.
A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones— “but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up
old man I had ___49___. Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical
points, Rob ____50____ us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own ____51____. To talk morals, we
looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer
can turn out to be the most ____52____ ones.
1
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司It ____53____ me that if I let go of my ____54____, I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once
thought little of. The class taught me-in more ways than one-to look at things with a(n) ____55____ mind.
41．A．chosen B．evaluated C．favored D．avoided
42．A．formulas B．puzzles C．challenges D．innovations
43．A．automatically B．consciously C．accurately D．impatiently
44．A．reason B．answer C．method D．direction
45．A．surprise B．experience C．incident D．adventure
46．A．hopeful B．confident C．doubtful D．nervous
47．A．supposedly B．mistakenly C．naturally D．previously
48．A．unique B．common C．different D．strange
49．A．mentioned B．encountered C．expected D．missed
50．A．engaged B．tested C．persuaded D．invited
51．A．choices B．abilities C．obstacles D．doubts
52．A．objective B．effective C．encouraging D．appealing
53．A．confused B．struck C．warned D．convinced
54．A．pride B．concern C．assessment D．prejudice
55．A．open B．strong C．sharp D．ready
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．B 46．C 47．C 48．C 49．C 50．A 51．C 52．D 53．
B 54．D 55．A
【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，科学和数学这样的学科
比人文学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学开始，我就喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。A. chosen选择；B.
evaluated评估；C. favored喜欢；D. avoided避免。根据下文“To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and
2 , seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.”可知，作者喜欢像科学和数学这
样的学科。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发
挥着更重要的作用。A. formulas公式；B. puzzles困惑；C. challenges挑战；D. innovations创新。根据上文
“these subjects, full of discoveries”可知，在作者看来，科学和数学这样的学科是充满了发现和探索的，所
以是有创新的。故选D。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且我总是自然而然地认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。
A. automatically不知不觉地；自然而然地；B. consciously有意识地；自觉地；C. accurately准确地；D.
impatiently毫无耐心地。根据上文“To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ______2____seem to play
more significant role in human progress than humanities.”和下文“thought of these subjects as more solid and
serious than classes like English.”可知，作者一直认为充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步
中发挥着更重要的作用，这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然会认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、
1
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司更严肃。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，为什么还要麻烦去学习呢？A. reason原因；B.
answer答案；C. method方法；D. direction方向。根据下文“By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions
with no right answer can turn out to be the most 1 2 ones.”可知，作者本来以为英语学科很多都是没
有正确答案的。故选B。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最近我的一次经历教过我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更加灵活：我上
了我的第一堂哲学课。A. surprise吃惊；B. experience经历；C. incident意外；D. adventure冒险。根据下文
“Before I entered the classroom, I was 6 . I waited outside with the other students and wondered what
exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations 7
intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite 8 .”可知，接下来要讲述
的是作者的经历。故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我是存有疑虑的。A. hopeful满怀希望的；B.
confident自信的；C. doubtful有疑虑的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“I waited outside with the other
students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring
conversations 7 intended to reflect on the meaning of life.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是很枯燥的，
所以应该是对这门课没有抱有很好的期待，而是充满了疑虑。故选C。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进行一些冗长而无聊的谈话，自然而然地就以此来反思生命的意
义。A. supposedly据推测；B. mistakenly错误地；C. naturally自然而然地；D. previously以前地。根据上文
“But recently I had an 5 that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I
took my first philosophy class.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是不灵活的，所以讨论的问题自然而然就会有对
应的结果。故选C。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我得到的东西确实是有些不同的。A. unique独特的；B. common
常见的；C. different不同的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones— “but you can
call me Rob”—was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had 9 . Rather than pulling us into
dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob 1 0 us on our level. To talk free
will, we looked at our own 1 1 . To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves. By the
end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most 1 2 ones.”可
知，在哲学课上，作者体会到的和想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学很枯燥，但实际上很有趣。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“但是你可以叫我罗布”——与
我想象中的那个白头发、系着纽扣的老人大相径庭。A. mentioned提到；B. encountered遇见；C. expected
期待；料想；认为；D. missed错过，思念。根据上段内容“I waited outside with the other students and
wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring
conversations____7____intended to reflect on the meaning of life. ”和上文“was far from the white-haired,
buttoned-up old man”可知，作者在未上哲学课之前，认为哲学很无聊，认为老师可能是个白头发、系着纽
扣的老人，但是当作者见到老师是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人时感到很惊讶，这是与自己料想的不一样。故
选C。
1
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学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我
们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。A. engaged使参与；吸引；B. tested测试；C. persuaded说服；D. invited邀请。
根据上文“Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points”可知，罗
伯没有把作者他们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。
故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到自由意志，我们看到了我们自己的障碍。A. choices选择；B. abilities
能力；C. obstacles障碍；阻碍；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had
faced ourselves.”可知，通过那些谈话，作者他们意识到了自己的意志并不是无限自由的，而是有一些阻碍。
故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。A.
objective客观的；B. effective有效的；C. encouraging令人鼓舞的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据上文“If
there was no right 4 , I thought, why bother?”和“I imagined getting into pretty long and boring
conversations”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案的是没有意义的，是枯燥无味的；而现在却发现，没有正确
答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放弃我的偏见，我可以从我曾经不在意的科目中得
到很多。A. confused使困惑；B. struck发现；突然想到；猛地意识到；C. warned警告；D. convinced使相
信。根据下文“that if I let go of my 1 4 , I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little
of.”可知，这是作者上课之后意识到的内容。故选B。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. pride骄傲；B. concern担心；C. assessment评估；D.
prejudice偏见。根据上文“Since elementary school, I have always 1 subjects like science and math.
To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and 2 , seem to play more significant role in human progress
than humanities. And I always 3 thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like
English. If there was no right 4 , I thought, why bother?”可知，作者以前对这些学科是有偏见的。故
选D。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这节课教会了我——用不止一种方法——用开放的心态去看待事物。A.
open开放的；B. strong强壮的；C. sharp尖锐的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“It 1 3 me that if I
let go of my 1 4 , I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，作者意识到，
对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A。
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