专题23形容词副词七类十二个高频考点（讲案）解析版_3.2025英语总复习_2025年新高考资料_一轮复习_2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单

【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单 专题23 形容词副词七类十二个高频考点（讲案）解析版 （快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分类+原创语填） 目录 一、形容词副词用法快问快答 P1 二、形容词副词考点思维导图 P2 三、形容词副词用法考点清单 P3 考点清单一、常考名词变形容词 13 种后缀归纳 P3 考点清单二、常考动词变形容词 6 种后缀归纳 P5 考点清单三、形容词加-ly 变副词六种场合 P7 考点清单四、高频易混形容词副词辨析 P9 考点清单五、合成形容词九种场合 P11 考点清单六、形容词句法功能 P15 考点清单七、形容词副词语境辨析 P17 三、形容词副词用法分类训练 P18 分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P18 分类训练（二）单句填空（高考真题） P19 分类训练（三）单项选择（高考真题） P19 分类训练（四）单句填空（模拟试题） P22 一、形容词副词用法快问快答 Q1：形容词有哪些核心考点？ A1：形容词是英语常见词类，用法灵活，考点繁多，涉及到名词、动词转换为形容词、合成形容词、易 混形容词辨析、形容词句法功能以及比较等级。 Q2：副词词有哪些核心考点？ A2：副词同样种类繁多，涉及到形容词转换为副词、易混副词辨析等以及比较等级。 Q3：如何才能学好形容词副词？ A3：一要构建好形容词副词的知识网络，二要了解其基本用法，三要学以致用，查漏补缺。 Q4：学好形容词副词有什么意义？ A4：一能提高使用语言的准确性，二能在写作中尝试使用高级句式进一步提升句子表达力。 二、形容词副词考点思维导图三、形容词副词用法考点清单 考点清单一、常考名词变形容词13种后缀归纳 1.+y 结尾的形容词anger →angry 生气的 hunger→hungry 饿的 fog→foggy 有雾的 fur→furry 毛皮的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 health→healthy 健康的 2 . 名词 + ed balance→balanced 平衡的 spot → spotted 有斑点的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 talent→talented 有天赋的 crowd→ crowded 拥挤的 3 . 名词 + ful/less meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 pain →painful 痛苦的 beauty →beautiful 美丽的 wonder →wonderful 极好的 fear→ fearless 不怕的 4 . 名词 + able change →changeable 易变的 comfort→comfortable 舒适的 suit →suitable 合适的 knowledge→knowledgeable 博学的 5 . 名词 + ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 danger→dangerous 危险的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 fame →famous 著名的 poison→poisonous 有毒的 humor→humorous 幽默地 6. ce变成t结尾的形容词 innocence →innocent 无辜的 evidence →evident 显然的 silence →silent 沉默的 patience→patient 有耐心的 7. +al 结尾的形容词 addition→additional 附加的 class→classical 经典的 medicine →medical 医学的 music→musical 音乐的 grammar→grammatical 语法的 globe→global 全球的 agriculture→agricultural 农业的 culture→cultural 文化的 8 . +ly 结尾的形容词 friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 day →daily 每日的 month →monthly 每月的 9.+ en 结尾的形容词 wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 gold →golden 金子般的 10. 学科名词加 cal 变成形容词 chemistry →chemical 化学的 physics →physical 身体的 politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 11.ance 变成 ant 结尾的形容词significance →significant 有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 tolerance →tolerant 容忍的 12.+cial 结尾的形容词 race→ racial 种族的 face→ facial 面部的 commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 benefit →beneficial 除外 13 . 其他 energy→energetic 精力充沛的 strategy→strategic 战略的 self→selfish 自私的 wisdom→wise 明智的 freedom →free 空的, 免费的 height →high 高的 love→loving 慈爱的 death→dead 死的 pleasure→pleased 高兴的 popularity →popular 流行的 pride→proud 骄傲的 scientist→scientific 科学的 freedom→free 自由的 world → worldwide 全世界的 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2014•新课标Ⅰ)Just be ________(patience)． 2. Oliver says if you're____________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible. 3. Aikins was trying to jump from such a height without a parachute (降落伞). This is _____________ (usual). He needed to land on a huge net (网) hung above a desert in southern California. 4. The artist often said art creation is a _____________ (person) matter unrelated to anyone else and that modern artists should not be bound by the environment, tradition or . 5. Teachers of early reading-age children agree that rereading improves understanding beyond _____________ (base)words. 6. Unlike _____________ (tradition) ones, this screen gives off the light directly. 7. On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in _____________ (north) Egypt, self-taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures made with pencil tips. 8. “Now I plan to invite scholars and craftsmen to discover more _____________ (culture)and historical stories behind them," he said. 9. Once available only to a select group of tech insiders, text-to-image AI systems are becoming increasingly popular and_____________ (power). 10. Over the years, extensive research on mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very ____________ (sense) to junk food, but recently scientists can observe this only in young and healthy humans. 【答案与解析】 1. patient。句意：就耐心一点吧。be动词后接形容词构成系表结构。2. lucky。考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be 动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 3. unusual。考查形容词。句意：这是不同寻常的。句中用形容词作表语。根据“Aikins was trying to jump from such a height without a parachute (降落伞).”可知，Aikins不背降落伞准备从7600米高 的飞机跳下来，这是不同寻常的，应用形容词unusual。故填unusual。 4. personal。考查形容词。句意：这位艺术家常说，艺术创作是个人事务，与他人无关，现代艺术家 不应受环境、传统或自身的束缚。修饰名词matter要用形容词形式。故填personal。 5. basic。考查形容词。句意：早期阅读年龄儿童的老师都认为，重读可以提高基本词汇以外的理解 能力。空格处后words是名词，前面应用形容词basic“基础的，基本的”，作定语。故填basic。 6. traditional。考查形容词。句意：不像传统的屏幕，这个屏幕直接发光。修饰 ones应用所给词的 形容词形式，故填traditional。 7. northern。考查形容词。句意：自学成才的艺术家 Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗 塞塔家中的一张桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。Egypt是名词，需要用形容 词修饰名词作定语，构成northern Egypt意为“埃及的北部”。故填northern。 8. cultural。考查形容词。句意：现在我计划邀请学者和工匠来发掘他们背后更多的文化和历史故事。 根据空后and historical 可知，空处应填形容词形式 cultural作定语，与之并列，修饰名词 stories ，表示“文化的”。故填cultural。 9. powerful。考查形容词。句意：文本到图像的人工智能系统曾经只有一小部分技术内部人士才能 使用，现在它正变得越来越流行和强大。分析句子可知，空处缺形容词作表语，与系动词become构 成系表结构；根据英文提示，故填powerful。 10. sensitive。考查形容词。句意：多年来，对老鼠的广泛研究发现，海马体的功能对垃圾食品非常 敏感，但科学家最近仅在年轻和健康的人类中观察到这种情况。此处用形容词作系动词后的表语， 且be sensitive to为固定搭配，意为“对……敏感”。故填sensitive。 考点清单二、常考动词变形容词6种后缀归纳 1 . 词尾加 ful use → useful 有用的 care → careful 小心的 help → helpful 有帮助的 thank → thankful 感激的 peace → peaceful 和平的 forget → forgetful 健忘的 2 . 词尾加 d 或 ed: please → pleased 高兴的 unite → united 联合的 excite → excited 激动的 surprise → surprised惊讶的 organize → organized 有组织的 close → closed 封闭的 3 . 词尾加 ing: interest → interesting 有趣的 surprise → surprising 令人惊讶 excite → exciting 令人兴奋的 develop → developing 发展中的4 . 词尾变 y 为 i , 加 ed: worry → worried 担忧的 marry → married 已婚的 fry → fried 油煎的 terrify → terrified 恐惧的 5 . 词尾加 able: know → knowledgeable 博学的 adjust → adjustable 可调整的 accept→acceptable 可接受的 respect→respectable 体面的 6 . 其它： lose → lost 迷失的 fool → foolish 愚蠢的 live →living 活着的 wake → awake 醒着的 taste → tasty 美味的 speak → spoken 口语的 break → broken 破损的 die → dead 死的 educate →educational 教育的 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2016•浙江)That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help. In short，he's ________(rely)． 2.(2015•福建)It was ________(consider)of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 5.(2014•湖北)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a ________(tolerate)smile and let him go. 10. The author created a _____________ (represent) heroine who was tough and intelligent, facing up to hardships with courage, perseverance and optimism. 【答案与解析】 1. reliable。句意：这个年轻人诚实、善于合作，你需要时总能到场。总之，他很可靠。be动词后接形容 词作表语。 2. considerate。句意：迈克尔考虑真周全，告知我们他的延误以便我们感到担忧。It is considerate of sb to do sth.是个固定句型。 5. tolerant。句意：她没有责怪那个打碎花瓶的男孩，相反给他一个容忍性微笑，让他走了。空白处需要 一个形容词作定语。 10. representative。考查形容词。句意：作者塑造了一个坚强、聪明、勇敢、坚持、乐观地面对困难 的代表性女主人公。设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词的形式。故填 representative。 考点清单三、形容词加-ly变副词六种场合 规则 示例 例外 多数形容词直接加-ly变为 successful—successfully severe—severely full-fully 副词 extreme—extremely quick—quickly 以-y结尾形容词变y为i再 happy—happily easy—easily shy—shyly加-ly变副词 necessary---necessarily heavy—heavily 以-le, -ble结尾的形容词去 gentle—gently possible—possibly true—truly e加y变副词 probable—probably simple—simply whole—wholly 以-ic结尾的形容词直接加- basic—basically specific—specifically public--publicly ally变为副词 scientific—scientifically automatic--automatically 以-ing 结尾形容词变为直 surprising-surprisingly increasing—increasingly 接加-ly副词 interesting—interestingly joking—jokingly 以-ed结尾形容词变为副词 repeat—repeatedly hurried—hurriedly 直接加-ly excited—excitedly expected--unexpectedly 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2019•全国II) Her years of hard work have _________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. 2.(2019•全国 III) They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were_________ (huge) popular with tourists. 3.(2019•浙江) When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _________ (easy) see them. 4. In spite of the fall from his horse, his legs were (surprise) uninjured. 5. I'm ___________(terrible) sorry, sir. I'll get you another one. 6. Healthy teeth can help us pronounce ___________(accurate). 7. She didn't let anyone know what she ___________(true) felt. 8. We should plan ___________(scientific), and establish a proper city network. 9. “I take the jump very _____________ (serious). I have a family and I’ve got a life with to live. It’s not a joke,” he said. 10. This means it is able to vibrate (振动) more __________ (flexible). This vibration is invisible to the viewer and does not affect picture quality. 11. Fond of ancient Egyptian icons(图标), Bilal dedicated one of his earliest works to the world-famous Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian relic ___________ (accidental) discovered in his city and has been kept in the British Museum. 12. “I think they are just beautiful, and I should collect them,” said Dudek, adding that these items may be ignored once ___________ (random) packed in the warehouses, but they could shine again through restoration. 13. The mountain fires in several regions in Chongqing have been _____________ (eventual) put out on Friday morning. No casualties have been reported. 14. As a result of your action, your dream will come true and ___________ (hopeful) you will live a happy life. 15. Luckily, he___________ (narrow) escaped from the terrible accident.【答案与解析】 1.finally。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是finally。 2.hugely。修饰形容词应用副词。故答案是hugely。 3.easily。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是easily。 4.surprisingly。修饰形容词应用副词。故答案是surprisingly。 5. terribly。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是terribly。 6. accurately。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是accurately。 7. truly。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是truly。 8. scientifically。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是scientifically。 9. seriously。考查副词。句意：我非常认真地对待这次跳伞。此处修饰代词take，应用副词seriously 为“认真地”，作状语。故填seriously。 10. flexibly。考查副词。句意：这意味着它能够更灵活地振动。修饰动词vibrate应用所给词的副词 形式。故填flexibly。 11. accidentally。考查副词。句意：Bilal喜欢古埃及的图标，举世闻名的罗塞塔石碑是他最早致力于 的作品之一，这是一件在他所在的城市偶然发现的古埃及文物，目前保存在大英博物馆。根据后文 discovered可知，这里应用副词来修饰动词作状语。故填accidentally。 12. randomly。考查副词。句意：他补充说，这些物品在仓库里随意包装时可能会被忽视，但通过修 复它们可以重新焕发光彩。分析句子可知，空处应填副词形式 randomly修饰动词packed，表示 “随意地”。故填randomly。 13. eventually。考查副词。句意：周五上午，重庆多个地区的山火终于被扑灭。分析句子可知，空 格处应用副词，修饰谓语动词“have been put out”，作状语，“eventual”为形容词，对应的副词为 “eventually”，意为“最后，终于”。故填eventually。 14. hopefully。考查副词。句意：作为你行动的结果，你的梦想将会实现，有希望你能过上幸福的生活。 分析句子可知，修饰句子“you will live a happy life”用副词作状语，故填hopefully。 15. narrowly。考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他勉强地逃过了那场可怕的事故。分析句子可知，空处应用 副词narrowly“勉强地”修饰动词escaped。故填narrowly。 考点清单四、高频易混形容词副词辨析 要点精讲1：具有两种形式的副词的区别 项目 点拨 典例 在深处，深深地（本 They sat and talked deep into the night. 他们坐着谈话，一直谈 deep 义，不带感情色彩） 到深夜。 deeply 深深地（引申义，带 He was deeply wounded by his son's comments.他被他儿子有感情色彩） 的评论深深地刺伤了。 高高地（本义，不带 high An eagle circled high overhead. 一只鹰在头顶上空盘旋。 感情色彩） 高度地（引申义，带 Daphne thought highly of the school. 达夫妮对那所学校评价很 highly 有感情色彩） 高。 在深处，深深地（本 close They sat close together . 他们紧挨着坐在一起。 义，不带感情色彩） 密切地；仔细地（引 I sat and watched everyone very closely. 我坐着仔细观察每 closely 申义，带有感情色 一个人。 彩） He stood with his legs wide apart . 他站在那里，两腿叉 wide 大地；宽地 开。 widely 广泛地 The idea is now widely accepted.这个思想现在已普遍接受。 The birthday card arrived three days late. 生日贺卡晚到了三 late 迟地，晚地 天。 lately 最近；近来 I haven't been sleeping well lately. 我最近一直睡不好觉。 hard 努力地；用功地 Don't hit it so hard! 别这么用力打！ hardly 几乎不 I can hardly keep my eyes open. 我困得都快睁不开眼了。 It was most kind of you to meet me. 你来接我真是太好 most 最多，最 了。 mostly 大部分地；主要地 Cars are mostly metal. 汽车大多是金属制成的。 【即时训练】从括号内所给单词中选择一个填在空白处。 1. We think _____________ (high/highly) of their research in the field. 2. It's only _____________ (late/lately) that she's been well enough to go out. 3.Gwenhad not seen her dad all that much, because ______(most/mostly) he worked on the ships. 4. She has thought very _____________ (hard/hardly) about her future plans. 【答案与解析】 1. highly。think highly of是固定搭配，表示“高度评价”。故答案是highly。 2. lately。lately表示“最近，近来”，常与现在完成时连用。故答案是lately。 3. mostly。mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，符合语境逻辑。故答案是mostly。 4. hard。think hard表示“用心思考”。故答案是hard。 要点精讲2：常见易混形容词副词的区别 项目 点拨 典例 so adv 如此；太 （修饰形 Don't look so angry. 别那样怒气冲冲的。She spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear her. 她说话 容词、副词或动词） 轻得我几乎听不见。 It's such a beautiful day! 天气多么好哇！ adj 这样的，如此的 such It was such fine weather that they all went shopping.那是个好 （修饰名词） 天气，他们都去购物了。 The piano was in good condition. 这台钢琴状况良好。 adj 好的，好样的 （作 good Sorry, my English is not very good.对不起，我的英语不太 定语或表语） 好。 The kids all behaved well. 孩子们都很规矩。 adv 好的 （修饰动词、 well Add the lemon juice and mix well. 加进柠檬汁并搅拌均 形容词作状语） 匀。 How many children do you have? 你有几个孩子？ adj 很多的，许多的（修 many I've known her for a great many years.我认识她好多好多 饰复数名词） 年。 How much water do you need? 你要多少水？ adj很多的，许多的（修 much Thank you very much for the flowers. 非常感谢你的这些 饰不可数名词） 花。 adj 一些；少的（修饰复 Very few students learn Latin now.现在学拉丁语学生少得 few 数名词） 很。 adj一些；少的（修饰不 f you have any spare milk, could you give me a little? 你 little 可数名词） 要是有多余的牛奶，给我一些好吗？ 【即时训练】单句改错。 5. (2016·全国II) It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 6. (2016·全国III)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. 7. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and tasty. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. 【答案与解析】 5. many改为much。句意：这样花钱不多，但是仍然可以学到很多东西。涉及到金钱，不可数概念，故 答案是many改为much。 6. such改为so。so这里代替上文出现的句子。故答案是such改为so。 7. much改为many。结合语境这里指There are so fruits…，复数概念，故答案是much改为many。 要点精讲3：-ing、-ed类形容词 -ed形容词主要用来说明人的感受，含有“感到……”之意。-ing形容词主要用来说明给人的感受，含有 “令人……”之意。 例1：The instructions on the box are very confusing. 例2：The children gave a confused account of what had happened.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 8. The audience were very ___________ (excite) by the show. 9. The parents are ___________ (worry) about their ___________ (worry) son. 10. When a police car appeared on the road, the thief had a ___________ (frighten) look on his face. 【答案与解析】 8. excited。句意：观众们看了演出感到非常激动。结合语境应用excited。故答案是excited。 9. worried；worrying。句意：父母在为他们令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。句中用 worried说明父母，是因 为父母感到担心；用worrying说明儿子，是因为这个儿子令父母担心。故答案是worried；worrying。 10. frightened。句意：当警车出现在马路上时，那个小偷脸上是吃惊的表情。根据语境逻辑脸上是“感 到吃惊的”表情。故答案是frightened。 考点清单五、合成形容词九种场合 要点精讲： 1. 形容词/副词+现在分词 easy-going 随和的 good-looking 相貌好看的 hard-working 勤劳的 long-standing 长期存在的 far-reaching深远的 long-lasting耐用的 long-standing由来已久的 never-ending没完没了的 smooth-talking花言巧语的 well-meaning好心好意的 2. 副词+过去分词 low-paid 低工资的 well-known 众所周知的，著名的 poorly-written 写得很差的 good-tempered脾气好的 grey-haired头发灰白的 hand-picked精选的 3. 名词+现在分词 time-consuming 耗时的 labor-saving 节省劳力的 record-breaking创纪录的 labor-saving节省劳动力的 man-eating吃人的 mouth-watering令人垂涎的 4. 名词+过去分词 heart-broken 极其伤心的 hand-held 便携式的 hand-picked精选的 home-made家里制作的 left-handed惯用左手的 mass-produced成批生产的 middle-aged中年的 right-angled直角的 5. 形容词/数词+名词 full-time 全职的 white-collar 白领阶层的 first-rate 一流的 high-speed 高速 five-year五年期的 second-hand二手的6. 形容词/数词+名词+ ed absent-minded 心不在焉的 kind-hearted 仁慈的 four-legged 四条腿的 7. 数词+名词+形容词 five-year-old 五岁大的 three-meter-long 三米长的 two-meter-tall 两米高的 8. 过去分词+副词小品词/介词 built-in 内置的，嵌入的 grown-up 成人的，成熟的 9. 通过介词或连词进行连接 face-to-face 面对面的 heart-to-heart 坦诚的，推心置腹的 life-and-death 生死攸关的 state-of-the-art 最先进的 up-to-date 最新的，新式的 down-to-earth 务实的，切合实际的 wait-and-see 观望的 【即时训练】写出下列高考真题预料中合成形容词的汉语。 1.(2023·全国甲卷) It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. 2.(2022·新高考I卷) A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. 3.(2022·全国甲卷) It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away... 4.(2022新高考II卷) The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands-free driving laws. 5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. 6.(2022·全国乙卷) A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed(牵涉) drilling through the Rockies often in blinding snowstorms. 7.(2022全国乙卷) Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. 8.(2022·全国乙卷) Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax... 9.(2022全国乙卷) It is a short-sighted decision. 10.(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi’an, as a first step to journey the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot. 11.(2022·浙江1月卷) I’ve always been independent-spirited and 1 just feel strongly that I must help animals. 12.(2022·浙江1月卷) She earns a basic and tax-free salary. 13.(2022·浙江6月卷) Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made few errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. 14.(2022·浙江6月卷) Markman also promotes off-task time. 15.(2022·天津6月卷) Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact... 16.(2022·北京卷) Peer(同伴) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning program available tostudents enrolled(注册) in most core units of study in our business school. 17.(2021 全国乙卷) He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. 18.(2021·新高考1卷)It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. 19.(2021·新高考 1 卷)Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. 20.(2021·新高考 1 卷)Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. 21.(2021·新高考I卷) What is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 22.(2021-浙江6月卷)Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. 23.(2021浙江6月卷)Any small interruption--a price check, a chatty customer—can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. 24.(2021·北京卷) Of course, if you are a non-human species, collapse is well underway. 25.(2021·天津3 月卷) Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life. 26.(2020全国I卷)In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. 27.(2020·全国I卷)Model Paige Morgan says, "To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them..." 28.(2020·全国Il卷) In this case, one of a realistie-looking ape. 29.(2020·全国II卷) A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. 30.(2020·新高考I卷) Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. 31.(2020北京卷) At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language learning with advanced technology. 32.(2020·北京卷)In 2015，scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eye problems could kill a drug-resistant virus. 33.(2020·天津卷)A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. 34.(2019·全国I卷) The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive plastic-like parts. 35.(2019·全国I卷)Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. 36.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. 37.2019·全国Ⅲ卷)Participate in discussion forums(论坛),blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38.(2019·浙江卷)Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?39.(2019·天津卷)To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. 40.(2019·天津卷)...he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. 41.(2018·全国 I 卷)They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%. 42.(2018· 全 国 Ⅱ 卷 )...when the government started a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers... 43.(2018·天津卷)Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. 【答案速查和提分速记】 1.①back(背部)+break(使折断)+-ing→ backbreaking 非常繁重的，吃力的 2.①ground(地)+break(打破)+-ing→打破地面的→ground-breaking 开辟新天地的,开拓性的 ②diet(日常饮食)+related(相关的)→diet- related 日常饮食相关的 3.jaw(下巴)+drop(使掉下) +-ing→使下巴掉下的→jaw-dropping 令人大惊失色的 4.hand(手) +free(自由的)→不需要用手拿的→hands-free 不需用手操作的 5.high(高的)+intensity(强度)high-intensity高强度的 6.hair(毛发)+raise(使直立)+-ing→hair- raising使人毛骨悚然的，惊险的 7.high(高的)+tension(电压)→high-tension高压的 8.milk(奶)+-based(以……为重要部分的)一 milk-based 以奶为重要部分的 9.short(短的)+-sighted(有……视力的)→ short-sighted目光短浅的,无远见的 10.visually(视觉地)+challenged(伤残的)→visually-challenged 视觉有缺陷的 11.independent(独立的)+-spirited(有某种精神的)→independent-spirited 精神独立的12.tax(税)+-free(没 有……的)→tax-free 免税的 13.before(在……之前)+hand(手)→先下手→beforehand 预先，事先 14.off(不在……上，离开)+task(任务)→ off-task非任务的 15.main(主要的)+stream(溪流)→mainstream主流的 16.peer(同伴)+facilitate(促进)+-ed→peer-facilitated 同伴促进的 17.single(单个的)+use(使用)→single-use供一次使用的 18.best(最好)+rate(评价,评估)+-ed→best- rated 评价最高的 19.up(向上)+and+coming(即将到来)→向上的状态即将到来→up-and-coming 有前途的 20.skill(技能)+-based(以……为基础的)→skill-based 基于技能的 21.breath(呼吸)+take(带走)+-ing→能够带 走人呼吸的→breathtaking 激动人心的,令人赞叹的 22.like(相似的)+-minded(思维……的)→ like-minded 想法相同的,志趣相投的23.down(向下)+stream(小河，溪)→顺着河流向下的→downstream 引发的，导致的 24.under(在……过程中)+way(路线，道路)→underway已经开始,进行 25.well(好地)+live(生活，过日子)→well-lived 美好的 26.one(一)+off(不会再发生)→oneoff一次性的 27.guilt(内疚，罪责)+-free(没有……的)→guilt-free 没有负罪感的 28.realistic(逼真的，栩栩如生的)+looking(相貌)→realistic-looking 相貌逼真的 29.sea(海)+dwell(居住)+-ing→sea-dwelling在海上居住的 30.well(非常)+rounded(全面的)→well-rounded 全面的 31.world(世界)+class(等级，级别)→world-class 世界级的，世界一流的 32.drug(药)+-resistant(耐……的)→drug-resistant 耐药的 33.full(最大量的)+-length(有……长度的)→full-length 全身的 34.straight(直接地)+forward(向前)→直接向前,没有曲折→straightforward 简单的 35.well(充分地)+explore(调查研究,探究) +-ed→well-explored 充分研究的 36.common(普遍的)+place(地方)→commonplace 普遍的 37.open(开放的)+end(终点)+-ed→open-ended 无限制的,自由的 38.well(好)+-intentioned(……意图的)→well-intentioned 出于好心的,善意的 39.hand(手)+hold(拿，握)→hand-held 手提式的,便携式的 40.full(最大量的)+-throated(喉部……的)→full-throated 声音洪亮的 41.on(根据，按照)+demand(需要)→on-demand按需的，点播的 42.soil(土壤)+test(检测)+-ing-soil-resting检测土壤的 43.time(时间)+consume(消耗)+-ing→time-consuming 耗时间的,费时的 考点清单六、形容词句法功能 要点精讲1：“系动词+表语”结构中系动词后接形容词作表语，该考点在短文改错中频繁出现应予以重 视。这些系动词分三类： ①感官类系动词：look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell ②变化类系动词：become, turn, come, go, fall, get ③保持证明类系动词：stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. His dream of being a dancer has come true. What he said proved to be correct in the end. 备注：还有注意一些以a-开头的表语形容词： afraid 害怕的 alike 相同的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的 ashamed 羞愧的 asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的 aware 意识到的【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2019·浙江) School uniforms are ________(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 2.(2018·全国III) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel _________ (challenge). 3.(2018·浙江) The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be _________ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. 4.(2019·全国 II) But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _________ (wonder). 5.(2018·全国I) Running is cheap, easy and it’s always _________ (energy). 【答案与解析】 1.traditional。结合语境应用形容词作表语。故答案是traditional。 2.challenged。结合语境应用形容词作表语。feel challenged表示“感到被挑战”。故答案是challenged。 3.affordable。结合语境应用形容词作表语，affordable表示“买得起的”。故答案是affordable。 4.wonderful。结合语境应用形容词作表语。故答案是wonderful。 5.energetic。结合语境应用形容词作表语，energetic表示“使精力充沛的”。故答案是energetic。 要点精讲2：形容词修饰名词作定语是基本用法，此考点在短文改错中经常出现，难度不大，注意审题即 可。 Do you know anyone famous in this field? I know an actor suitable for the part. Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. 【即时训练】单句改错或在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 6.(2017·全国I) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. 7.(2019·北京) Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _____________ (meaning) college experience. 8.(2017•浙江) But something made her look closer, and she noticed a _____________ (shine) object. 【答案与解析】 6. suddenly改为sudden。结合语境修饰名词应用形容词。故答案是suddenly改为sudden。 7.meaningful。结合语境应用形容词作定语，meaningful表示“有意义的”。故答案是meaningful。 8.shining/shiny。结合语境应用形容词作定语，shining/shiny 表示“闪光的，发亮的”。故答案是 shining/shiny。 要点精讲3：形容词作宾语补足语 场合 示例 动词+宾语+形容词 She found the door open. 她发现门是开着的。 （表示变化和结果） Please set the bird free. 请把鸟放掉吧。动词+宾语+形容词 I thought him very intelligent.我认为他们很勤奋。 （表示意见） They proved themselves talented and capable. 他们证明自己很有天赋和能力。 固定词组做宾语补足语 We keep the lab clean and tidy. 我们保持实验室干净、整洁。 Lying on the beach makes me comfortable. 躺在沙滩上让我感到很舒服。 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 9. Good food keeps you __________(health). 10. People found the boy __________(honesty). 11. Do you think it __________(necessity) to tell her the truth? 12. He was nearly driven __________(mad) by his troubles. 13. 1.I like listening to music because it makes me __________(relax). 【答案与解析】 9. healthy。keep sb healthy使某人保持健康。 10. honest。find sb honest认为某人是诚实的。 11. necessary。think it necessary for sb to do sth认为……是必要的。 12. madness。drive sb mad让某人发疯。 13. relaxed。make sb relaxed让某人放松。 考点清单七、形容词副词语境辨析 形容词副词语境辨析能力四高考英语基本要求之一，具体体现在单项填空、完形填空、短文改错中。辨 析的技巧包括：一看汉语意思，二看固定搭配，三看行文逻辑。 【即时训练】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. I’m so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily. A. special B. superior C. grateful D. attractive 2. They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies. A. legally B. sincerely C. personally D. deliberately 3. The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely 4. Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____. A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable 5. I don’t think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. A. faithful B. parallel C. relevant D. similar 【答案与解析】 1. C。句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A特殊的；B优 秀的，比......好的；C感激的；D有吸引力的。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选 C。 2. C。句意：他们给那位老人的家里送钱，有的是一个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。A合法地；B真诚地；C亲自，当面地，个人而言；D故意地。故选C。 3. A。句意:那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极, (比以前)更愿意表达自己的想法。A项 “逐渐地”B项“通常，经常”; C项“以前”; D项“仅仅”。故选A项。 4.B．句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A项“精确的”；B项 “守时的，准时的”；C项“有效率的”；D项“合理的”。故选D项。 5. C。句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A项“忠实的，忠诚的”； B项“与……平行”；C项“和……相关”；D项“和……相似”。be relevant to“和……相关”。故选 C项。 四、形容词副词用法分类训练 分类训练（一）高考真题 1. (2022全国甲卷) Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 2.(2022新高考I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and _________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 3.(2022新高考II卷)When he looked down, he _________ (accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. 4. (2021全国甲卷) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _________ (day) routines. 5. (2021全国乙卷)Provide _________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 6.(2021新高考卷)The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will _________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 7.(2021浙江1月卷) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed _________ (sharp). 8.( 2021 新高考卷) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure that offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _________ (ache) legs. 9.(2020全国I卷) Landing on the moon’s far side is _________ (extreme) challenging. 10.(2020全国III卷) As the small boat moved, _________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 【答案】 1.meaningful 2.eventually 3.accidentally 4.daily 5.financial 6.undoubtedly 7.sharply 8.aching 9.extremely 10.gently 分类训练（二）单句改错（高考真题） 1. (2021全国甲卷) In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly. 2. (2021 全国乙卷)Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on their own.3. (2021全国乙卷)What’s more, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. 4.(2020全国I卷) Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. 5.(2020全国II卷) Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day. 6.（2023全国甲卷）The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps. 7.（2023全国乙卷）However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. 8.(2019全国I卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. 9.(2019全国II卷) First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. 10.（2023全国乙卷）At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out. 1.mostly改为most 2.little改为few 3.mentally改为mental 4.simply改为simple 5.such改为so 6. beautifully改为beautiful 7. final改为finally 8.hardly改为hard 9.coolly改为cool 10. truth改为true 分类训练（三）高考真题 1. ( 2021•天津)While rock-climbing, you need to remain very _____ so that you won't make any dangerous errors. A. satisfied B. focused C. amused D. delighted 2. (2021•天津)As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. A. increasingly B. equally C. nervously D. confusingly 3. (2020•江苏)The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work. A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic 4. (2020•天津)According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______. A. worthwhile B. necessary C. optional D. serious 5. (2019•江苏)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise. A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight 6. (2018•江苏)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff. A. keen B. reluctant C. anxious D. ready 7. (2017•江苏)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find. A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent 8. (2016•江苏)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most __________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected. A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary 9. (2016•江苏)His comprehensive surveys have provided the most __________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected. A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary10. (2015•江苏)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case. A. comprehensive B. complicated C. conscious D. crucial 【答案与解析】 1. B。句意：在攀岩的时候，你需要保持非常专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的； B. focused专注的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“so that you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误，攀岩的时候需要保持专注，focused符合语境。故选 B。 2. A。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地，渐增地；B. equally相等地；C. nervously紧张地；D. confusingly令人困惑地。 根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父 母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。故选 A。 3. B。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和 工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。 4. C。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。 根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是 “可选择的”。故选C。 5. C。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随 便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。 6. B。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant 不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。 7. A。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗时的；D. apparent显而易见的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由天体灾害引起的，但是也很难 找到其它的解释。故选A。 8. A。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的； arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的 说明。故A正确。 9. A。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的； arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的 说明。故A正确。 10. A。句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。comprehensive “综合的，全面的，有理解 力的”；complicated “复杂的”；conscious “有意识的”；crucial “至关重要的”。故选A项。 分类训练（四）模拟试题 1.I often take my son to bookstores to find something ____________(suit) for him to read.2.When I stopped playing and looked up, I was ____________(shock) to see a small crowed around us. 3.____________(immediate), he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room. 4.The Palace and the Forbidden City in Beijing are the only two____________(exist) imperial palaces in China. 5.____________(original) founded in 1919 by Sylvia Beach, it is a combination of a bookstore and a reading library. 6.There were many ____________(talent) actors out there just waiting to be discovered. 7.The ___________(surprise) expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter. 8.Despite many years’ learning of English, I still feel ____________(puzzle) in some aspects. 9.I have learned a great deal from working with him and all the other ________ (create) artists. 10.You should be __________(formal) trained if you want to win a prize in the competition. 11.Some people feel __________(annoy) at the loud noise made by the supermarket. 12.You are interested in how we show respect for our teachers and here is something ________(detail). 13.Mr. Zhang once taught in a remote village in Anhui Province as a volunteer, which was ________ (access) only on foot. 14.Although parents should take good care of their young children, they don’t ________ (necessary) do anything for them. 15.You can't be careful enough while driving a car, for accidents happen ________ (frequent). 16.The girl took a book ________ (random) from the shelf while she was wandering in the bookshop. 17.________ (fortunate), I won’t be able to attend the meeting. 18.Keeping a diary in English is an ________ (effect) way to improve our English writing abilities. 19.Young people should learn to be _________ (compete). 20.As a matter of fact, every possible use should be made of ________ (advance) technology. 21.According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ________ (option). 22.We are all ________ (entire) responsible for our actions. 23.There have been some problems but ________ (basic) it’s a good system. 24.The book provides ________ (value) information on recent trends. 25.My little boy, do you feel more ________ (comfort) now than before? 26.The old people there were talkative and they told us their ________ (person) stories cheerfully. 27.The Forbidden City attracts visitors because of its long history and ________ (culture) significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter. 28.While your IQ tells you how ________ (intelligence) you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. 29.The ________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 30.However, with huge amounts of water to use, it raised different ________ (environment) concerns. 31.The phrase __________ (apparent) traces its origins to a post earlier this year in an online forum run by the Chinese search giant Baidu.32.It will not only benefit the two peoples, but also ________ (significant) improve regional connectivity. 33.It will also enable Lao businesses to ________ (well) fit into regional and global supply chains. 34.For example, ________ (rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 35.The ________（sustain）success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry. 36.Doing ______(volunteer) work and helping people in need make me happy and satisfied. 37.We should work together to create a ______(harmony) society where everyone can live in harmony with each other. 38.Our travel agency is________(rely), and we try to describe our centers as realistically as possible. 39.The ________（finance）markets have given the thumbs up to the new policy. 40.This deadline will be extended only in________ (exception) circumstances . 【答案与解析】 1.suitable【详解】考查形容词。句意：我经常带儿子去书店找适合他阅读的书。形容词修饰名词，置于 其前，修饰复合不定代词，置于其后，用形容词suitable作后置定语，修饰复合不定代词something。故 填suitable。 2.shocked【详解】考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词。句意：当我停止演奏并抬起头来时，我惊讶地看到一小 群人围着我们。修饰形容人用-ed形容词，修饰形容物用-ing形容词，此处用-ed形容词shocked说明主语 人I的状态，作表语。故填shocked。 3.Immediately【详解】考查副词。句意：立即，他站起身，穿过医院大厅，走进了她的房间。修饰整个 句子用副词作状语，故填Immediately。 4.existing【详解】考查形容词。句意：北京的故宫和紫禁城是中国现存的两个皇宫。空格处用形容词作 定语，修饰名词palaces，exist的形容词是existing，意为“现存的”，故填existing。 5.Originally【详解】考查副词。句意：它最初由西尔维亚·比奇于1919年创建，是一个书店和阅读图书馆 的结合。修饰动词founded应用副词originally，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Originally。 6.talented【详解】考查形容词。句意：有很多才华横溢的演员等着被发现。此处修饰名词 actors，应用 形容词talented“有天资的，有才能的”，作定语。故填talented。 7.surprised【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上惊讶的表情表明他对这件事一无所知。结合语意，名词 expression表示“表情”，空处应用形容词surprised，表示“感到惊讶的”，作定语修饰名词。故填 surprised。 8.puzzled【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管学了很多年英语，但在某些方面我仍然感到困惑。结合语意， 此处表示我在某些方面感到困惑，应用形容词 puzzled，表示“感到困惑的”，作句子表语。故填 puzzled。 9.creative【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从与他和所有其他有创造力的艺术家的合作中学到了很多。分 析句子可知，“artists”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，create的形容词为creative意为“有创造力的”， 作定语修饰“artists”。故填creative。10.formally【详解】考副词。句意：如果你想在比赛中获奖，你应该接受正规训练。副词formally作状 语，修饰动词trained。故填formally。 11.annoyed【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些人对超市发出的巨大噪音感到恼火。分析句子可知，设空处 应填形容词作表语，表示“恼火的”，为形容词annoyed。故填annoyed。 12.detailed【详解】考查形容词。句意：你对于我们如何对老师表达尊重感兴趣，这里有一些详细的内容。 根据句意，此处表示“详细的”，故填形容词detailed，作定语，故填detailed。 13.accessible【详解】考查形容词。句意：张先生曾在安徽省一个偏远的村庄做过志愿者，那里只有步行 才能到达。作be动词后的表语，用形容词accessible。故填accessible。 14.necessarily【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然父母应该好好照顾他们的孩子，但他们不一定要为他们做 任何事。分析句式结构再根据提示词可知，修饰动词do应该用副词。故填：necessarily。 15.frequently【详解】考查副词。句意：在开车的时候你再怎么小心也不为过，因为事故时常发生。空格 处用副词frequently修饰动词happen，frequently意为“经常地”，故填frequently。 16.randomly【详解】考查副词。句意：这个女孩在书店闲逛的时候随意从书架上拿了一本书。分析句子 可知，空处修饰谓语动词took应用副词randomly，表示“随意地”，作状语。故填randomly。 17.Unfortunately【详解】考查副词。句意：很遗憾我不能参加这次会议。此处修饰后文整句话，应用副 词，由句意可知，此处表示“不幸的是”，应用unfortunately，作状语。故填Unfortunately。 18.effective【详解】考查形容词。句意：用英语写日记是提高我们英语写作能力的有效方法。此处应用形 容词effective来作定语，修饰名词way，effective意为“有效的”，故填effective。 19.competitive【详解】考查形容词。句意：年轻人应该学会竞争。be后接形容词作表语，compete的形 容词是competitive，意为“好竞争的”，故填competitive。 20.advanced【详解】考查形容词。句意：事实上，应尽一切可能加以利用先进的技术。设空处作定语修 饰名词technology，应用advance的形容词advanced，意为“先进的；高等的”。故填advanced。 21.optional【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，我们也不必读， 因为它是可选择的。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词 optional作系动词is的表语，表示“可选择的”。 故填optional。 22.entirely【详解】考查副词。句意：我们完全对我们的行为负责。副词修饰形容词，entire的副词是 entirely，修饰responsible。故填entirely。 23.basically【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然有一些问题，但基本上这是一个很好的系统。此处修饰后面 整个句子，应用副词basically，作状语。故填basically。 24.valuable【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本书就最近的趋势提供了有价值的信息。空格处用形容词 valuable作定语，修饰名词information，valuable意为“有价值的”。故填valuable。 25.comfortable【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的孩子，你现在感觉比以前舒服吗？根据空前的 feel more 可知，空处需要形容词作表语。comfortable为形容词“舒服的”。故填comfortable。 26.personal【详解】考查形容词。句意：那里的老人很健谈，他们愉快地给我们讲述了他们的个人故事。 分析句子结构可知，空处需要形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词stories。故填personal。 27.cultural【详解】考查形容词。句意：紫禁城因其悠久的历史和文化意义吸引了众多游客，但也许它应该在其景点列表中再添一件事：地震避难所。分析句子结构可知，空处需要形容词作定语，修饰后面的 名词 significance。故填cultural。 28.intelligent【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你的智商告诉你你有多聪明时，你的情商告诉你你的智力运 用得有多好。分析句子结构可知，how引导宾语从句，how为连接副词，引导宾语从句的结构为how+形 容词/副词+主语+谓语动词，宾语从句中为主+系动词，所以需要形容词作表语。intelligent为形容词“聪 明的”。故填intelligent。 29.beautiful【详解】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。分析句 式结构可知，修饰名词branches，应该用形容词形式。故填beautiful。 30.environmental【详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，由于要使用大量的水，它引发了不同的环境方面的 顾虑。分析句子结构可知，句中concerns为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，environment意为“环境”，名 词词性，对应的形容词为environmental，意为“环境的”，作定语。故填environmental。 31.apparently【详解】考查副词。句意：这个词显然可以追溯到今年早些时候，中国搜索巨头百度在一个 在线论坛上发布的一个帖子。分析句子成分可知，trace为句子谓语动词，意为“追溯”，所以这里用副 词来修饰动词，作状语。故填apparently。 32.significantly【详解】考查副词。句意：它不仅将造福于两国人民，还将显著改善地区连通性。分析句 式结构可知，此处用副词significantly表示“显著地”修饰动词improve。故填significantly。 33.better【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：它还将使老挝企业更好地融入区域和全球供应链。分析句意可 知，此处讲新铁路带来的好处，这个好处是相对于以前情况而讲的，用副词比较级 better作状语，修饰 动词短语fit into。故填better。 34.roughly【详解】考查副词。句意：例如，大约200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家，自两年前开始 这项工作以来，他们承诺尽可能少乘飞机。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处应用副词roughly修饰数词 200，意为“大约，粗略地”。故填roughly。 35.sustainable【详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，如果这个行业没有根本性的变化，小农的可持续成功 就不会发生。由空后success为名词可知，此处用形容词修饰名词success。故填sustainable。 36.voluntary【详解】考查形容词。句意：做志愿者工作和帮助有需要的人使我感到快乐和满足。形容词 修饰名词，作定语。故填voluntary。 37.harmonious【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们应该共同努力创造一个人人都能和睦相处的和谐社会。 根据后文名词可知，此处应用其形容词harmonious作定语修饰名词。故填harmonious。 38.reliable【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的旅行社是可靠的，我们尽可能真实地描述我们的中心。分 析句子结构可知，系动词is后缺少形容词作表语，故填reliable。 39.financial【详解】考查形容词。句意：金融市场对新政策表示赞赏。修饰名词markets用形容词，作定 语，故填financial。 40.exceptional【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有在特殊情况下，这个期限才会延长。空处是形容词作定 语，修饰后面的名词circumstances；根据英文提示，故填exceptional。