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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：07 全解读比较和方式状语从句考点+巩固练习+答案
(Adverbial clause of manner & comparison)
【考点导航】
【考例1】（2021浙江6月卷）When the house was built, it was much （small）than it is today.
答案与解析：smaller。考查形容词比较级。所给的small是形容词原级，副词much修饰形容词或副词
比较级，不可以修饰原级，结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处用形容词比较级形式，故填
smaller。
句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。
【考例2】（2016新课标II卷）So, get an early start and try to be as productive ___________
possible before lunch.
答案与解析：as。考查状语从句。"as…as possible"为固定的表达，意为：尽可能的......干某事；故
填as。
【考例3】(XXXX全国卷) Elize remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
解读：D。as if 引导方式状语从句，同时涉及虚拟语气的用法。主从句动作同时发生，对现在假设，
从句用一般过去时；若对过去假设则用过去完成时。as if后还可接to do\doing等。如：He opens his mouth
as if to speak.他张开嘴好像要说话。
【基本概念】
本文所列的四种状语从句是根据其用途分的。条件状语表示条件，通常译作“如果、万一、假使、倘
若、除非、只有”等；比较状语常译作“比……更……、和……一样……”；方式状语译作“像……、似
乎……、……的方式”等。具体引导词见下表：
状语从句 连词
比较状语 (not) as…as, not so …as, (not) the same as, (not) such as, than
方式状语 as, as if (though), the way, what
【高考热点】
1. 引导方式状语从句的as if, as though与引导让步状语从句的even if和even though辨析。
2. 方式以及比较状语从句的引导词之间，与其它从句的引导词之间的意义不同，和同义词之间的用法不同
辨析。【考点解读】
一、比较状语从句
状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。比较状语从句是其中的一种，主要运用于形容词和
副词的原级、比较级及最高级的句子之中。原级：as…as（和……一样），not so（as）…as …（和不一
样）；比较级：more…than（更）；最高级：the most…in/of， the + 形容词+est…of/in。常用引导词：as
（同级比较），than（不同程度的比较）；特殊引导词：the more … the more … ； no … more than。
（一）同级比较
1. as/so + 原级 + as 和...一样,（其中 as/so 是副词, 意思是“同样地”, 后一个 as 是连词）,如：
My hometown is as/so beautiful as Hangzhou.
He can run as fast as I can. 他能跑得和我一样快。
2. no + 比较级 + than 最多和...一样,只不过, 如：
I have no more than two dollars left in my pocket.我口袋里只剩下两元钱了.（有钱少的含义）
3. not more than, 不多于, 如：
I have not more than two dollars left in my pocket.我口袋里顶多还有两元钱.（没有钱多钱少的含
义）
4.no less than 不亚于, 至少和...一样, 如：
He has got no less presents than I did last time.他收到的礼品不亚于我上次收到的.（有收到多的含
义）
5.not less than 不少于, 如：
He has got not less presents than I did last time.他收到的礼品不少于我上次收到的.（不包含多或少的
含义）
（二）优级比较
1.比较级 + than, 比...优上, 如：
Our class is bigger than yours.我们班的规模比你们的大。
I know you better than he (knows you). 我比他更了解您。
2.the 比较级 + the 比较级, 越如何就越如何, 如：
The more we can do for you,the happier we will be.为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。
（三）差级比较
1.less + 原级 + than, 不如, 比...较差, 如：
This kind of food is less expensive than that one.这种食品不如那一种贵。2.not so + 原级 + as, 不如, 不及, 如：
The film today is not so interesting as the one yesterday.今天的电影不如昨天的那个有意思。
（四）the same as
She works in the same building as my sister. 她和我的妹妹在同一大楼上班。
This is the same as it was before. 这个与以前一样。
考例：(XXXX全国卷I) I have seldom seen my mother _______ pleased with my progress as she is now .
A. so B. very C. too D. rather
解读：A。句意是“我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步如此开心”。 so…as….的固定结构，题干
中的关键词是as，译为“像…..一样，正如…..一样”。属于not so …as结构引导方式状语从句。故选A。
二、方式状语从句
方式状语从句是英语语法状语从句的一种，常见的引导词有表示“像……”的as和表示“好像……”
的as if/as though。如：Let’s study as Lei Feng studied. 让我们像雷锋那样学习吧；Think as I think. 像我这样
去想；He talks as if/though he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他好像醉了。
as, as if (as though), the way, what
1. as表示方式，意思是“像, 按照, 如同(in the same manner that…)”； (just) as…so…"正如…"。
as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含
义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体。如：
Run as I do.像我这样跑。
Leave it as it is.保持原状, 不要动它。
Do in Rome as Romans do. 入乡随俗。
在非正式英语中，like也可以作为连词引导方式状语从句，但是在考试中与as相比，as是最佳答案。
如：
Birds have feelings like we do. 鸟儿像我们一样，它们也有感情。
Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
考例：(XXXX福建卷) —Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ______.A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told
解读：A。as引导方式状语从句，表按照、正如；非限定分句“从属连词+-ed/-ing形式” 可以看作是一
种省略，即省略了主语和be动词。究竟使用何种非谓语动词形式取决于主被动关系。
2. as though/as if意思是“似乎，好像，恰如”，引出的状语从句谓语动词可以用陈述语气，表示所说情况
是事实或实现的可能性较大；如果表示的是不符合事实或者与事实相反的情况也可以用虚拟语气，as if 和
as though 引导的从句中的时态取决于说话者对所谈内容的态度。若说话者认为其看法是真的可能会成为
事实，从句谓语就按常规变化。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"。这两个连词经常用在be，
act，appear，behave，fell，look，seem，smell，sound，taste及其他描写行为举止的动词之后，引导一个
方式从句。如：
The animal was walking as though it had hurt its leg.
这动物走路的样子好像伤了腿似的。（可能真的受伤了）
He treats me as if I were a stranger. 他待我如陌生人。（实际上是熟人）
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lightning.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）
说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语，例如：
He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。
When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed，the astronauts feel as if they are being crushed
against the spaceship floor.
当宇宙飞船以巨大的速度离开地球时，宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。
【考例1】 (改编自XXXX重庆卷13) It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if
I____ (do) it?
解析：had done。根据前句的过去时看出从句是表示与过去事实相反的情况，虚拟语气用过去完成
时。
【考例2】（改编自XXXX北京卷）Don't handle the vase as if it _________(be) made of steel. （Key：
were）3. the way表示方式可以看作 (in) the way (that)相当于as, 此时的the way当连词用，引导方式状语从句，
意思是“像…”。如：
I shall do the work the way my father did. = I shall do the work as my father did.
我将像父亲那样做这项工作。
She played the violin the way the old violinist taught her.她按照老小提琴手教她的方式拉小提琴。
Please pronounce the word the way I do.请照我这样,读这个单词。
Many people are "not boring" in the way that they can carry a conversation or can
be good at a social gathering.
很多人通过与人交谈或擅长社交聚会变得不再“无聊”。
4. what引导方式状语从句
what=just as作为引导方式状语的连词意思是意为“恰像，犹如，好比，恰似，等于”，通常引导具有
比喻意义的方式状语，常用语句型是A is to B what C is to D，译为A对于B好比C对于D。在英国英语
中，此结构中多用as代替what。也有“A is for B what C is for D.”句式。例如：
Air is to human beings what pasta is to Italian.
空气对于人类就好像意大利面对于意大利人一样重要。
Poultry is for the cook what canvas is for the painter.
厨师离不了家禽正如画家离不开画布一样。(介词for表示“供…使用”)
A good teacher is to students what a bright light is to a voyage.
好教师对于学生而言正如明灯对于航海一样重要。
Furniture is to the living room what playground equipment is to the playground.
家具与起居室就像体育器材与操场。
Arms are to the body what branches are to a tree.
手臂和身体的关系就像树枝和树的关系一样。
Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.
阅读对于思想的关系好比食物对于身体一样。
Three is to four what six is to eight.
三比四等于六比八。
Bubble tea is to Taiwan what coffee or soda is to the US.
奶茶与台湾的关系就跟咖啡或苏打与美国的关系
Motherly love is to children what sunshine is to grass.
母爱对于孩子犹如阳光对于小草。
Air is to us what water is to fish.空气对我们来说，犹如水之于鱼。Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. 读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样。
what C is to D, that A is to B是A is to B what C is to D结构的一个的变体，意义和用法都不变，不同的
就是what引导的比喻句谓语主句前，在主句前增加that，其前面用逗号。如：
What food is to man, that iron and steel are to industry. 钢铁对于工业就好比粮食对于人那样重要。
Tableware is to the table what tragedy is to life. 人生就像茶几，上面摆满了杯具 。
【考例】（XXXX山东）Engines are to machines ___ hearts are to animals.
A. whose B. that C. what D. which
答案与解析：C。本题是固定搭配：A is to B what C is to D，意思是A对于B犹如C对于D。是连接代
词what的特殊用法。句意是：引擎对于机器来说就好像心脏对于动物那样重要。
【考例】（2021年全国新高考I卷，读后续写）Jenna说到：“妈妈，你对于我们就如同阳光对于花
朵。我们永远感谢你！”
Jenna said, “Mom,you are to me what the sun is to flowers. We thank you forever.”
【牛刀小试】
一、〖真题演练〗从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
1. (XXXX上海卷). ___ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A. however B. whatever C. no matter D. although
2. (XXXX 全国卷I). I won’t call you, ________ something unexpected happens.
A. unless B. whether C. because D. while
3. (XXXX 北京卷) Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.
A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case
4. (XXXX 上海春) tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao.
A．However the weather is like B．However is the weather like
C．Whatever is the weather like D．Whatever the weather is like
5. (四川XXXX) Start out right away, you’ll miss the first train.
A. and B. but C. or D. while
6. (NMETXXXX.I) ______he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
7. (陕西XXXX) This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it,__________.
A. no matter how it may cost B. how may it costC how much may it cost D. however much it may cost
8.（湖南卷XXXX）Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ____they are different from your own.
A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though
9.（浙江卷XXXX）The old tower must be saved, _________the cost.
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．wherever
10. （辽宁卷XXXX）There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ________ she was an only child.
A．ever sinceB．now that C．even though D．even as
11. (XXXX全国卷II) A small car is big enough for a family of three ____ you need more space for baggage.
A. once B. because C. if D. unless
12. (XXXX浙江) ________ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in
demand.
A. While B. Since C. As D. If
13.（XXXX天津卷）Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object ______ it is rough or smooth.
A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. what
14.（XXXX天津卷）We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it’s very cold.
A. since B. if C. unless D. until （选）
15. (XXXX浙江卷) Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless （选D
16. (上海XXXX) 26. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go ,
________.
A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better
C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be
〖keys〗1-5 AADDC 6-10 DDBBC 11-15 . DABCD 16. C
二、〖创新试题〗从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
1. Try ______ he would, he could not lift the rock.
A. but B. while C. although D. as
2. The more you read, ________ you understand.
A. better B. the better C. best D. the well
3. ________ takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.
A. Whomever B. No matter whoever C. No matter who D. Who4. ________ you do, I won't tell you my secret.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
5. there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time.
A．Because B．If C．When D．Unless
6. They treat the black boy as if (though) he _________ were an animal.
A. is B. are C. be D. were
7. She has made greater progress this year _________ she did last year.
A. than B. as C. that D. what
8. I've a bit of headache. It's nothing much, _______.
A. although B. while C. though D. unless
9. She asked me to draw a cat ________ as she had taught me, but I couldn’t remember how to use my brush.
A. for B. as C. as if D. if
10. I will lend you the money ___________ you pay it back in one month.
A. even though B. although C. in case D. on condition that
11. --- Mrs Green is very angry with her neighbour. It seems ____ she is going to call the policeman.
--- Right, let’s persuade her neighbour to give up now.
A. as if B. as long as C. even if D . so that
〖keys〗1-5 DBCAD 6-10 DACBD 11. A
