文档内容
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03 名词性从句特殊考点全突破+巩固训练
考点一：连词whether和if在名词性从句中的用法
【考例】
1.Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she could do so
remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.（2022年浙江1月卷）
答案与解析：whether或if。考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是
否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，
故填whether或if。
2．All the people have incredible ideas to share, but what matters is _________ we’re able to carry them out.
（2023年天津滨海新区八校联考）
A．which B．as C．whether D．what
答案与解析：C。考查表语从句。句意：所有人都有不可思议的想法可以分享，但重要的是我们是否
能够把它们付诸实践。A. which哪一个； B. as正如……那样； C. whether是否； D. what什么。结合句
中“All the people have incredible ideas to share, but what matters is”及“we’re able to carry them out”可知，此
处指人们的不可思议的想法是否能够付诸实践，选项C符合题意，故选C。
3. We haven’t settled the question of ___ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (XXXX江苏)
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句之宾语从句。结合所学知识可知能够和介词搭配的连接词没有 if，
首先排除；另外结合具体语境可知句子意思为：我们还没有解决对于他是否有必要出国学习的问题。结合
语境和答案可知句子___ it is necessary for him to study abroad中应该是作出选择的情况，表示“是否有
必要的问题”。故选C。
4. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and ___ it is rough or smooth. (XXXX天津）
A. / B. whether C. how D. what
答案与解析：B。考查名词性从句之宾语从句。结合语境可知动词tell后面需要接两个宾语，另外句子
中存在连接词and。再结合平时的知识：和or连用的引导词是whether。句子意思：大象有它自己辨别物体
形状及物体是粗糙还是光滑的方法。故选B。
5. I want to know ___ the thief was caught on the spot. （XXXX上海春）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
答案与解析：D。考查名词性从句之宾语从句。从句不缺主、宾、表、定等成分，因此排除连接代词which和what，根据前面“想知道”看出表示“是否”。故选D。句子意思：我想知道那个小偷是不是在现场
被抓的。
6. At first, he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _____ it got any better. (XXXX北
京)
A. when B. how C. why D. if
答案与解析：D。考查名词性从句之表语从句。不妨用排除法，C是表示的原因，显然在这里是不通
的，对于AB，A是说，什么时间会变得更好，B是说是以一个怎样的方式变得更好，但是这句话前后比较
的是‘情况’，而非时间或者方式。故选D。句意是：一开始，他不喜欢这个新工作，但是他决定给自己
几个月的时间来看看情况是否会有所好转。
7. It is not immediately clear _____ the financial crisis will soon be over. (XXXX上海)
A. since B. what C. when D. whether
答案与解析：D。考查名词性从句之主语从句。根据主句的 not immediately clear看出句子的意思是
“是否”。故选D。句意是：目前还不清楚金融危机是否会很快结束。
【重点归纳】
whether和if引导名词性从句时，意为“是否”，不充当句子成分，但不可省略。两个连词在使用中有
如下规定：
在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句及介词后的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不用if；在动词后的宾
语从句中一般可以通用，但在以下情况不能通用：
后面有or, or not时常用whether；
宾语从句前置时常用whether；
宾语从句是否定句时常用if。
考点二：对一些固定结构或特殊句型的考查
【考例】
1. One reason for her preference for city life is _____ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
(XXXX上海)
A. that B. how C. what D. why
答案与解析：A。在is后面的表语从句中，句子结构完整，故选A，that在表语从句中不作任何成分。
how, what以及why在句子中要作成分，故排除。故选A。句型是：The reason is that...。句意：她偏爱城
市生活的一个原因就是她可以很容易地进出像商店和饭店这样的地方。2. What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. （XXXX上海
春）
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
答案与解析：C。“________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．”是一个表语
从句。根据doubt可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。故选C。句意为：医生真的怀疑
我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。
3. Engines are to machines ___ hearts are to animals.（XXXX山东）
A. as B. that C. what D. which
答案与解析：C。本题是固定搭配：A is to B what C is to D，意思是A对于B犹如C对于D。是连
接代词what的特殊用法。句意是：引擎对于机器来说就好像心脏对于动物那样重要。还有的例句如：Air
is to human beings what pasta is to Italian. 空气对于人类就好像意大利面对于意大利人一样重要。（意大利
人的特殊爱好：意大利面）
4. A story goes ___ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified
noblemen at court. (XXXX上海)
A. when B. where C. what D. that
答案与解析：D。考查名词性从句之同位语从句。本题的同位语从句与其对应的同位名词被谓语动词
goes隔开了，这是因为谓语动词太短，为了保持句子的平衡。根据句子的意思看出 A story 指的就是
Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.，作同
位语从句，而且同位语从句不缺成分，所以用连词 that。故选D。句意是：伊丽莎白一世喜欢在公开的场
合被聪明体面地贵族先生们拥簇着的这个传闻不胫而走。
【重点归纳】
名词性从句中有一些固定句式，如：
The reason why / for … is that …。其中why引导定语从句，主语是reason时，常用that引导表语从
句，如题1。
News / Word came that …，其中that引导同位语从句。
doubt作为动词或名词在否定句中，通常用that引导名词性从句，在肯定句或疑问句中通常用whether
引导。如题2。
句型：A is to B what C is to D意为“A 对于B正如C对于D一样”。如题3。
句型：A story goes that …意为“据说 / 传说……”。如题4。考点三：巧设“分隔现象”或“插入现象”
【考例】
1. News came from the school office _____ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. (XXXX四川)
A. which B. what C. that D. where
答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句之同位语从句。句中Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University
解释news的内容，是一个同位语从句，同位语从句与同位名词被谓语部分from the school office隔开，是
为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻。从句成份完整，因此要用that来连接，且that不可省略；which连接
定语从句，且要充当从句的主语或宾语；what连接名词性从句要做成分；where连接名词性从句时，在从
句中作地点状语；题干中的同位语从句解释news的内容，且从句结构完整，不缺成分。故选C。句意是：
从学校办公室传来了王林被北京大学录取的消息．
2. The companies are working together to create _____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st
century. (XXXX北京)
A. which B. that C. what D. who
答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句之表语从句。 to create ______ they hope will be the best means
of transport in the 21st century为不定式短语，做主句的目的状语从句。其中create后面为宾语从句。 宾
语从句中，忽略插入语they hope，即从句变成：______ will be the best means of transport in the 21st
century.很明显，该从句缺少一个表sth的主语，所以只能用what来代替并引导该宾语从句。who指人，排
除D；that表明该从句不缺少任何成分，排除B；which引导名词性从句时，意思是“哪一个”，要求有可
供选择的范围，排除。C. what做宾语，表示…事情。所以选C。句意是：众公司正在齐心协力地工作，以
创造出它们希望会是21世纪最佳运输方式。
3. — What did your parents think about your decision?
— They always let me do ___ I think I should. (XXXX全国Ⅱ）
A. when B. that C. how D. what
答案与解析：D。考查名词性从句之表语从句。去掉插入语I think则可以明确这里要用what, do后面
是句宾语从句, 宾语从句的谓语是should（do)，从句少了宾语, 要用连接代词what连接，连词that只有当
名词性从句完整的时候才用that，其本身在名词性从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用。句意是：---- 你
父母对你的决定怎么看? ---- 他们总是让我做我认为应该做的事。
4. — It’s thirty years since we last met.
— But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ___ we got lost on a rainy night. (XXXX四川)A. which B. that C. what D. when
答案与解析：B。that在此引导同位语从句，说明名词the story的具体内容。此题的难点是，其中插入了
believe it or not，使问题变得复杂了。此题还会因为有逗号而误以为是非限制性定语从句。句意是：——
自从上次见面已经三十年了。——但是，信不信由你，我依然记得我们在雨夜迷路的事。
【重点归纳】
名词性从句的分割现象旨在考查学生的审题、分析能力及对特殊问题的应变能力，做此类题时要抛开
插入语或其它成份，或还原成正常语序才能选出正确的连接词。主要体现在两个方面：
名词与其同位语从句被谓语分开的现象，如题1；名词与其同位语从句被一些短语分开，如题4。
从句中有插入语。如题2中的they hope，题3中的I think。
考点四：-ever类词引导名词性从句
【考例】
1．My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.（2020
年5月天津卷）
A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever
答案与解析：B。考查宾语从句。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C.
wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，
应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选 B项。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完
成任何我专心去做的事情。
2．The gold medal will be awarded to _______ wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018·天津）
A．whomever B．wherever C．whoever D．whatever
答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句连接词。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用 whoever，表示
“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。
3. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _____ had used the products. (XXXX重庆)
A. whoever B. who C. whichever D. which
答案与解析：A。考查名词性从句之宾语从句。根据句子的意思看出结构是ask sb for suggestions, 这
里缺sb, 就用代词whoever来代替，这里是宾语从句。ask sb for suggestions是动词词组在整个句子中，
who侧重于指事情，whoever="anyone" who侧重于指人。这里考生容易误选B。故选A。句意：为了提高
我们产品的质量，我们征求了用过的人的建议。
4. Could I speak to _____ is in charge of International Sales please? (XXXX全国I)A. them B. what C. whoever D. whatever
答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句之宾语从句。“is in charge of International Sales ”宾语从句，缺
少作主语的引导词。其中A不是连词不可以引导句子；B和D选项不指人；所以用whoever引导宾语从
句，相当于anyone who, the person who。句意是：我要找负责国际销售的人接电话。
5. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do _____ it takes to save her life.（XXXX湖南）
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
答案与解析：C。考查名词性从句的之宾语从句。因为do的后面接的是一个宾语从句，而且句子中的
take是及物动词，意为“花费，需要”。C项引导宾语从句并在句中做宾语。B项是连接副词无法充当
take的宾语。D项意思是“无论哪一个”，不符合题意。故选 C。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我
们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。
【重点归纳】
-ever类词引导名词性从句时可以转化为定语从句，表示“无论哪一个人或物”，如题 1的whoever
had used the products = anybody who had used the products，题2 的whoever is in charge = any person who is in
charge，题3的whatever it takes = anything that it takes，题4的whoever wants to do the job = everyone who
wants to do the job。
考点五、宾语从句、as if/as though从句和特定句型的虚拟语气
1. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词引出的宾语从句中，从句谓动用虚拟语气均为should+动词原
形，其中should可以省去。如suggest / advise/ recommend/ propose/ beg/ insist/ ask/ urge(催促)/ vote/ prefer/
request/ require/ demand/ order/ command等。
【考例】
1.My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend. (XXXX·陕西卷)
A. should B. might C. could D. would
答案与解析：A。suggest表示“建议”，跟宾语从句时谓动用shoud+ do形式的虚拟语气，其中should
也可以省掉。注意：suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“坚持某种事实，坚持说”，仍用陈述语
气。如：He insisted that he was not a thief. / The expression on his face suggested that he was not satisfied with
the result.。
2. (XXXX·浙江卷) Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam _____ (be) at the age of six months old.A. was B. be C. were D. did
答案与解析：B。recommend表示“建议”，宾语从句用虚拟语气should do形式,其中should 可以省
掉，所以是be。
2. as if/as though从句的虚拟语气
as if引导表语从句或方式状语从句时，从句所表达的动作如果明显不符合实际情况，用虚拟语气，如
果是真实情况，则用陈述语气即可。从句动作和主句动作同时进行，则从句使用一般过去时或过去进行
时；从句动作发生在主句动作之前，则从句使用过去完成时。
3.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ____ it? (XXXX·重庆卷)
A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing
答案与解析: A。John打坏了窗户，为什么跟“我”谈话？好像是“我”打坏了窗户似的。题中break
表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if / though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。
3. 特殊句式的虚拟语气
It’s (high/ very) time that…表示 “早该/确实该做某事”，谓动用did或should do；sb. would rather sb.
…从句谓动根据情况用一般过去时或过去完成时。
4. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he _____ something instead of just talking. (XXXX·辽宁卷)
A. will do B. has done C. do D. did
答案与解析：D。在句型 “It’s (high/ very) time that…”中， 从句中的谓语动词用did或should do，所
以选D项。
5. We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
(XXXX·陕西卷)
A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay
答案与解析：C。would rather后直接跟宾语从句时，从句不用that连接。①如果表示现在或将来要做
的事情,从句的谓语动词用一般过去式。②如果谈论过去动作,从句的谓语动词用过去完成式。根据 would
rather后的our daughter看出所填的是宾语从句的谓语动词，从句谓动用虚拟语气，再根据后面的一般现在
时看出用一般过去时。
Grammar quiz语法小测
I. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
1. ______ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
(XXXX·湖南卷)
A. If only B. After C．Although D．In case2. _____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. (XXXX·北京卷)
A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although
3. You will never gain success_______ you are fully devoted to your work. (XXXX·湖南卷)
A. when B. because C. after D. unless
4. I'll be out for some time. ______ anything important happens, call me up immediately. (XXXX·四川卷)
A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that
5. I'd rather you _________ her at the airport tomorrow morning.
A. will meet B. meet C. had met D. met
6. ______ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
(XXXX·安徽卷)
A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that
7. Jane’s pale face suggested that she______ill，and her parents suggested that she________a medical
examination.
A. be；should haveB. was；have C. should be；had D. was；has
8. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
A. breaks B.has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
II. 根据汉语提示补全下列句子。
1. _________________（有消息传来）our sports meeting had been put off.
2. 是你说的而不是你做的让我吃惊。
It was ____ you said not ____ you did _____ surprised me.
3. ________________(他是否诚实，值得怀疑), which makes us think over the matter again.
4. __________ (店老板的建议) the shop be open at 5:30 am in summer.
5. The reason why he is late is __________ (他的妻子病了).
6. __________（无论谁离开教室）last should close the door.
III. 从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
1. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. ___ I got wet through.
A. There’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how
2. ___ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. There3. Dinner was almost over when Dan still looked hungry and asked Dave ___ he was going to have some bread.
A. that B. if C. what D. /
4. Eat _____ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes late.
A. any; who B. every; whomever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever
5. Parents are taught to understand ___ important education is to the children in the future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so
6. The businessmen do business along ___ was called “The Silk Road” in ancient China.
A. where B. in which C. that D. what
7. I don’t remember how many years ago ___ I last showed you around the farm.
A. it was that B. was it that C. it was when D. was it when
8. ___ David says sounds right to Helen. That’s why she has made up her mind not to leave him ___ happen.
A. Whatever; no matter what B. No matter what; no matter what
C. No matter what; whatever D. Whatever; however
9. The order came ___ the soldiers ___ the small village the next morning.
A. that; had to leave B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave
10. The reason ___ they were not accepted is ___ they didn’t receive enough education.
A. why; how B. that; for C. why; that D. that; why
IV. Sentence drills 句型巡航: 翻译高手
根据汉语和括号中的提示翻译下面的句子。
1. 他很可能来自于意大利，因为他说英语时带有明显的意大利口音。(It is likely that …)
__________________________________________________________________
2. 那就是大多数人喜欢看电视而不喜欢听音乐的原因。(That’s why …)
__________________________________________________________________
3. 到汽车发明时，对很多人来讲，马车是他们主要的交通工具。(by the time引导从句)
_______________________________________________________________________
4. 这对双胞胎外表很像，然而他们的爱好却大相径庭。(while)
_______________________________________________________________________
5. 这种不知名的疾病已经蔓延的消息使人们都感到恐慌。(同位语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________
6. 她有很多鞋，主要原因是她不能抵制买新鞋的欲望。(mainly because)Suggested Answers:
I. 1-4 CCDA 5-8 DABC
II. 1. News came that
2. what; what; that
3. There is some doubt whether he is honest
4. The shop owner’s suggestion is that
5. that his wife is ill
6. Whoever leaves the classroom
III.1-5 BBBCB 6-10 DAABC
IV. 1. It is likely that he is from Italy, because he speaks English with a distinct Italian accent.
2. That is why the majority of people prefer watching TV to listening to the music.
3. By the time the car was invented, for most people, the carriage was their main means of transportation.
4. The twins look alike while they differ widely in their tastes.
5. The news that the unknown disease had begun to spread caused a panic among people.
6. She has lots of shoes, which is mainly because she can not resist buying new shoes.
