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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03 重点语法易错易混点解析(表语从句、主语从句、倒装、强调和构词法)
本文重点总结表语从句、主语从句、倒装结构、强调句型和构词法的易错易混点，并附上相应的巩固
练习及其参考答案。
【误用 1】It is these poisonous products which can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and
aching muscles.
【指正】which改为that。
强调句型结构是“It + be +被强调部分+that/who+ 原句剩余部分”，该句型中的 that不可以换成
which，这一点与引导定语从句的关系代词that不同。
【运用】It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
【误用2】You see, Mr. Barnes, it is since I have lived very much that I can enjoy everything so well.
【指正】since改为because。
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外绝大部分成分，如主语、宾语、宾语补足语及状语等。但是让步状
语、比较状语、since/ as引导的原因状语从句通常不能用此句型强调。
【运用】It was because she asked me about the pen that I realized I had lost it.
【误用3】It was not until late in the evening when her husband arrived home.
【指正】when改为that。
被强调部分出现了表示时间或地点的名词，也不能用 when或where代替that，这与定语从句不同。辨
别是否是强调句型的方法是：把it be和that去掉, 如果还可以还原成语法和意义都通顺的句子就是强调句
型。本题可以还原成：Her husband didn’t arrive home until late in the evening.
【运用】It was on October 1st, 1949 that the People’s Republic of China was founded.
【误用4】It has been announced is that we shall have our final exams next month.
【指正】It改为What或者删掉is。
主语从句应该由连词引导，引导主语从句的what是连接代词，可以在所引导的主语从句中作主语、宾
语、表语、定语等成分，引导主语从句的连接代词还有 who，whom, whose, which，whatever，whoever
等。it是指示代词，不可以连接句子，本题如果用it，则要删掉is，那么it就是形式主语，真正的主语是后
面that引导的主语从句。【运用】What is clear is that its advantages were immediately apparent to all.
It’s a great pity that they didn't get married.
【误用5】Where will the English evening be held has not yet been announced.
【指正】把will置于be之前。
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句都是名词性从句，名词性从句谓语动词用陈述语序。
【运用】That is why you see this woman before you know.
【误用6】The question is if he should have a low opinion of this research work.
【指正】if改为whether。
whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列引导主语从句、表语从句情况下一般只能用whether，不
用if：①whether引导主语从句在句首时；②引导表语从句；③if与whether都可以与or not连用，但后面
紧跟着or not时只能用whether。
【运用】The question is whether he is able to do it alone.
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
【误用7】No sooner they got to the plant than they started to work.
【指正】they前加上had。
否定副词或否定介词短语置于句首时，句子的谓语动词用部分倒装语序，no sooner…than…结构中主
句多用过去完成时，从句谓动 started是一般过去时，主句应该是过去完成时的倒装形式。类似句型还有
Hardly…when…等。
【运用】Hardly had I finished telling the news than she began to cry.
No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.
【误用8】Only when people overcome their fears they live confidently.
【指正】they前加上do/can/will。
当only置于句首，并且强调状语时，句子的谓语动词用部分倒装，从句overcome是一般现在时，主
句应该是一般现在时或一般将来时。如果only不在句首，或虽在句首但强调的不是状语，也不用倒装。
【运用】Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have sufficient materials and markets.
People will come to realize the importance of family only when they are over the hill.【误用9】Well, here is coming your test now. What did you get?
【指正】is coming 改为comes。
在here, there开头的倒装结构中，谓语动词用一般过去时或者一般现在时，不用其它时态。如果主语
是代词则主谓不倒装。
【运用】Here comes the leader himself. Have we got the red carpet out?
【误用10】The reason why he was late was because he missed the train by one minute this morning.
【指正】because改为 that。
当主语是reason时，表语从句用that引导而不是because，以避免二者语义重复。但是可以用句型That
is because …，句型中从属连词because引导表语从句，意为“这是因为……”；That’s why…，句型中从属
连词why引导表语从句，意为“这就是为什么……”。
【运用】He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.
The reason why I'm late is that I missed the bus.
【误用11】That occurred to her that she might as well talk it over with Xiao Liu.
【指正】That改为It。
that引导的句子是主语从句，句首应该是it作形式主语，只有it可以作形式主语或形式宾语，句型it
occur to sb. that…意思是“某人突然想起……”。
【运用】It occurred to him that he still did not know her surname or where she lived.
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
【误用12】But it will be more than 100 years that the country begins once again to look as it did before.
【指正】that 改为before。
根据主句的一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，结合句意看出不是强调句型，应该是用 before引导时间
状语从句，句意是：100年后这个国家才能恢复到原来的样子。
【运用】It will be 8 years before we meet again.
It was 8 years ago that we met again.
It was 8:00 when we met again.
It is 8 years since we met.
【误用 13】（1）Not until he went through real hardship _____the love we have for our families isimportant.
(2) 变式：He didn’t go through real hardship until _____the love we have for our families is important.
A. had he realized B. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized
【参考答案】（1）B (2) C
【考点设置】①考查倒装句；②考查not until句型；③考查句子的时态一致关系。
【答案解析】题（1）否定副词not置于句首，因此用部分倒装结构，根据went的提示看出用一般过
去时，故选B。题（2）根据not…until句型的主句谓语动词是一般过去时确定从句谓语动词用一般过去
时，由于not没有在句首，所以用陈述语序，故选C。
【误用14】 (1) A: You’ve bought a new English dictionary.
B: _____.
(2)You’ve bought a new English dictionary. _____.
A. So have I B. So did I C. So I have D. So I did
【答案】(1) C (2) A
【解析归纳】表示某种情况同样适用于另外的某人或某物用so do sb./sth.，其中的sb/sth.与上句主语不
同，do的形式根据上句用一致的系动词、情态动词或助动词，如(2)。若表示对上一句的进一步肯定则用
so sb./sth. do，如(1)。表示不适用于另外的某人或某物用neither/nor do sb./sth.。
【误用15】 (1) So fast _______ English that none of us could understand him.
(2) To my surprise, ______ English so fast that none of us could understand him.
(3) Hardly _______ English with American accent when all of the students stood up, cheering
loudly.
A. spoke he B. did he speak C. had he spok en D. he spoke
【答案】(1) B (2) D (3) C
【解析归纳】 在so/such…that句型中，若so/such…置于句首则主句用部分到状结构，如(1)，否则用
陈述语序，如(2)。否定副词或表示否定的短语介词置于句首用部分倒装结构，如(3)，hardly…when…和no
sooner…than…表示“一…就…”是固定句型，但是hardly或no sooner不在句首则不需要倒装。
【误用16】 (1) Not only______ out my shortcomings, but also he helped me to overcome them.
(2) Only after ______ out my shortcomings, did I realize my mistakes.
(3) Only ______ out my shortcomings, which made me grateful.(4) What I want to say is that _______ out my shortcomings yesterday, I wouldn’t have made so
big a mistake.
A. he pointed B. point he C. had he pointed D. did he point
【答案】(1) D (2) A (3) A (4) C
【解析归纳】not only…but also…连接句子时，前一分句用部分倒装，后一分句不倒装，如(1)。副词
only强调状语置于句首用部分倒装，如(2)，如果强调的不是状语则不倒装，如(3)。在虚拟语气中，如果if
从句有had, were, should时，可以把其置于句首，省掉if，用部分倒装结构，如(4)。
【误用17】(1) _____ good luck in everything and good fortune in every direction.
(2) _____ some difficulties first but you'll find it easier as you go along.
(3) _____ a word with my brother in your office?
A. Have you may B. May you have C. May have you D. You may have
【答案】(1)B (2) D (3) B
【解析归纳】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句是部分倒装结构，如(3)。情态动词may可以表示“祝愿”，是
虚拟语气的一种，如(1)。may表示推测、许可等不构成疑问句则不倒装，如(2)。
【跟踪练习】根据汉语提示, 用括号内所给单词完成句子。
1. ________ (是做这项工作的能力) that matters not where you come from or what you are. (it)
2. Hardly__________ (她坐下) when she heard someone knocking at the door. (sit)
3. Only when a great deal more information has been obtained, _______ (才将有可能) to plan a manned trip
to Mars.
4. He did not see the film last night. That is _________(因为他得帮他的妹妹做作业). (help)
5. ________ (我突然想起) I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before.（occur）
6. _________ (医生真的怀疑) is ______ (我妈妈是否恢复过来) from the serious disease soon．(what,
whether)
7. __________ (他似乎是个万事通), but in reality, he is as stupid as he can be.(as if)
8. __________ (村里住着一位老人) long long ago.（There …）
9. __________ (会议什么时候举行) has been decided yet. （hold）
10. It remains unknown ___________ (他们何时结婚).Suggested Answers:
跟踪练习
1. It is the ability to do the job
2. had she sat down
3. will it be possible
4. because he had to help his little sister with her homework
5. It occurred to me that
6. What the doctors really doubt；whether my mother will recover
7. It seems as if he knew everything
8. There lived an old man in the village
9. When the meeting will be held
10. when they are going to get married
