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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03 强调句型重难点及其考点设置解读+巩固训练+答案
【考点导航】
【考例1】（2018·天津）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily
in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
答案与解析：B。考查强调句。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主
语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语 only when the car
pulled up in front of our house。故选B。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉
莉。
【考例2】（2018年天津3月卷，15）What was it brought you two together? Was it your love
of music?
A．as B．who C．that D．which
答案与解析：C。特殊疑问句的强调句型：疑问代词/疑问副词+is/was+it+that/who+其他成分。句意：
是什么把你们两个聚在一起的，是你们对音乐的热爱吗？
【考例 3】（2017·天津卷）It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new
neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
答案与解析：D。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去
掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选 D。句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇
见了我的新邻居。
【考例4】（2016年天津6月卷，13） You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _____________
the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
答案与解析：D。判断是否为强调句是将 it 和 be 还有 that (who) 去掉后看剩下的部分是否为一个独
立的句子，而本句中剩下的部分构成一个完整的句子，故为强调句。强调句的关系词有 that、who、
whom，而只有在当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 who，故此处应填 that。故正确答案为
D。【强调句型重难点解读】
先请看一道XXXX年福建省高考试题及其解析：
（福建XXXX） It was with great joy ______ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A. because B. which C. since D. that D
解析：如果我们把句中的it, was和横线部分都去掉，那么句子剩下 部分可以调整为：He received the
news that his lost daughter had been found with great joy,调整后的句子无论是语法还是意义都正确，因可以说
是强调句型。其中的介词部分with great joy是被强调部分，即强调状语。当然同学们对强调句型的结构应
该知道。
强调句型又称为分裂句，它频频出现于高考试题之中，足以说明它不仅是中学英语教学的重难点，更
是高考热点句型。本文拟结合历年高考从以下五个方面阐述，为了节省篇幅，所选用高考试题的大部分都
省去了被选项。
一、句型结构
句型结构是：It + be +被强调部分+ that (who/whom) + 原句剩余部分,被强调部分指人时也可以
用who等。如：
1. (NMETXXXX) It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was
made.
2. (上海XXXX) It was in XXXX that I graduated from the university.
句型中的it无实意，由于it处在主语的位置，所以 be动词只用单数形式。句型中的连词用
that(在口语中可以见到that省掉的现象)，指人时还可以用who，如果被强调部分是宾语，还可以用
whom，如果引导词前有介词，则只可以用whom，如：
1. It is my daughter who/ that/ whom I feel proud of.
2. It was my sister to whom I offered $50 for her dictionary last year.
be动词前还可以用情态动词。如：
It must be your wife who/ that/ whom you are thinking of.
It must have been my cousin that you saw in the post office.
二、被强调成分
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的绝大部分成分，如主语、宾语、宾语补足语及状语等，但是不可
以强调谓语等成份。如：
The Chinese President announced the opening of the 11th Chinese National Games in Jinan，Shandong
Province, on Oct. 16, XXXX. 10月16日，国家主席在山东济南宣布第十一届全运会开幕。→ It was Chinese President Hu Jintao that (who) announced the opening of the 11th Chinese National Games
in Jinan，Shandong Province, on Oct. 16, XXXX. (强调主语)
→It was the opening of the 11th Chinese National Games that Chinese President Hu Jintao announced in
Jinan，Shandong Province, on Oct. 16, XXXX. (强调宾语)
→It was in Jinan，Shandong Province that Chinese President Hu Jintao announced the opening of the 11th
Chinese National Games on Oct. 16, XXXX. (强调地点状语)
→It was on Oct. 16, XXXX that Chinese President Hu Jintao announced the opening of the 11th Chinese
National Games in Jinan，Shandong Province. (强调时间状语)
1.（上海春招XXXX）It was only with the help of the local guide ______.
A. was the mountain climber rescued *B. that the mountain climber was rescued
C. when the mountain climber rescued D. then the mountain climber rescued (key: B 强调方式状语)
2. (NMETXXXX) It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.
（强调时间状语）
3. It was chairman of committee that they elected him. （强调宾补）
4. (上海XXXX) Was it you that I saw last night at the concert? （强调宾语）
5. It was at the airport that your sister saw me off yesterday. （强调地点状语）
6. （上海春招XXXX）It was for this reason that her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a
small village. (强调原因状语)
但是，下列成分一般不可以被强调：
（1）谓语动词，如确需强调的，要用助动词do，如：
(上海XXXX) An awful accident ______, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to (key B)
（2）让步状语和比较状语，如不能说：
It was although it was raining that Mary went out.(×)
It is than Peter that your brother is taller. (×)
（3）表语，如不能说：
It is a teacher who I am. ( 但偶尔也有强调表语的，只是不太常用)
（4）since或as引导的状语从句，如确需强调的，要把since或as改成because，如不说：
It is since you are here that we begin our class. (×)
三、 关于强调否定句的until从句或until短语
对否定句的until从句或until短语进行强调时，要把否定词not放在until之前，实际上就是把强调句型变成了否定形式。如：
1. (湖北XXXX) It was ______ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go (key: C.)
2. (METXXXX) It was not ______ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; when (key: B)
3. (上海XXXX) It was not until his father came in that the boy began to prepare his lessons.
四、疑问句的两种形式
1. 一般疑问句形式就是直接把was或情态动词等置于句首。如：
1) (上海XXXX) Was it in 1969 that the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon?
2) (METXXXX) Was it during the Second World War that he died?
3) (上海XXXX) Wasn’t it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?
4) (上海XXXX) Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself （key: A）
2. 特殊疑问句即对特殊疑问词进行强调，结构是：“特殊疑问词+ be+ it +that(who) +原句剩余部
分”，即把被强调的特殊疑问词置于句首，后跟一般疑问句。如：
1) (上海XXXX) Why! I have nothing to confess. _____ you want me to say?
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that （key: A）
2) (上海春招XXXX) How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
3）Where was it that he found the pancake?
4）Who was it that taught you English ten years ago?
五、强调句型鉴别方法及相似句型比较
强调句型是通过“It+ be …that….”对句子的某一成分强调，如果把此框架结构去掉，则句意仍然十分
清楚，即仍然是一个语法和意义都很通顺的句子，只不过语气平淡些。也就是说，如果一个句子中的 it+
be及that删掉之后，不能还原成一个语法和意义都通顺的句子，它就不是强调句型。如：
强调句：It was in Beijing that I first met him.
除去强调句型的框架后则还原成：I first met him in Beijing.
该句仍然正确。试比较：
1．It is/ was + 表语+ that从句
如：It is necessary that we should master a foreign language.
如果把句中的It be…that…删掉，则该句就成了：We should master a foreign language necessary.这样句子就不通了，因为本来句中的It是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。
2．It is /was +过去分词（said/ reported/thought/ suggested/ known/ announced/ believed…）+that 从句
如：(NMETXXXX) It’s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
本结构是被动语态，it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语，可译作：据说/ 椐报道/据认为/
等等。
3．It + is+时间段+since+主语+谓语动词（过去时）
如：(METXXXX) --- What was the party like?
--- Wonderful. It has been years since I enjoyed myself so much.
本句型中的be动词常用一般现在时，也可以用现在完成时，但 since从句要用一般过去时，
即主从句的时态不一致，而强调句型中的be动词与that从句中谓语动词的时态是基本一致的。
4．It is/ was/ will be+ 时间段+ before sb. do/ did/ do
如：(XXXX上海) It won’t be too long before she finds a suitable job.
本句型的意思是“还有多少时间就……”，要求主从的时态要基本一致。
5．It is/was + 序数词+ that从句
如：(METXXXX) ---Do you know our town at all?
--- No, this is the first time (that) I have been here.
本句型要求主从句的时态要一致，其中的 it可以用this/ that代替；主句用is，从句用现在完成时，主
句用was，从句用过去完成时。
综上所述，强调句型涉及到it用法、主谓一致、从句、时态等项目，也正是这一句型与众多的知识点
有着千丝万缕的联系，对它考查可以起到以点带面的效果，那么屡次考到强调句型也就在情理之中了。
6. It + be+ 时间 ＋when引导的时间状语从句
容易把it作为强调句型的标志，关键是看表示时间的词是否可以独立作状语。如：
(NMETXXXX.改错.78题) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.
解析：本题重点考查强调句型与状语从句的区别，本句实际上是状语从句，在 we前加上when，句意
是“当我们到了山脚下的时候，时间大约是正午。”；但是好多同学把它当作是强调句型，结果加上了
that，如果题中about noon改成at noon，则为强调句型，句意是“是在正午的时候我们到的山脚下”。
综上所述，it在强调句型“It + be + 被强调部分 + that/ who…”中无实义，该句型主要用来强调主语、
宾语、状语等成分，但在使用本句型时要注意以下几点：1）强调句型中的it be及that/ who去掉以后，剩
下的部分仍然可以组成语法和意义通顺的句子。2) 强调部分是地点或时间时，不用 where/ when取代
that；3）作表语的形容词、目的状语、让步状语以及 since/as引导的原因状语从句通常不可以被强调。4）
要注意与it作为形式主语等句型的区别。 5）注意与It is +时间段+ since sb did sth； It will be +时间段+before…； It is +时间名词+when…等句型的区别。
【强调句型考点设置】
根据历年高考试题对于本句型的考查可以看出主要命题要点是：
一、考查对本句型结构的掌握，把it与that设置为备选项。如：
【考例1】(XXXX全国II) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that B. how C. which D. when （选A）
【考例2】(XXXX浙江)--- He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.
--- When was _____?
--- _____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It （选D）
二、被强调部分是表示时间和地点的名词时不能误用when和where。如：
【考例1】（XXXX天津）It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A. how B. which C. that D. where （选C。注意干扰项D）
【考例2】（XXXX重庆）It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site.
A .that B. when C. while D. as （选A。注意干扰项B）
三、对not…until句型强调。在强调句型中通常把not until放在一起。如：
【考例】(XXXX江西) It was _____ he came bank from Africa that year _________ he met the girl he would like
to marry.
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when （选C）
四、强调句型中疑问句。一般疑问句构成是：Is(was) it….that…；特殊疑问句强调句型的构成是：特殊疑
问词+be+it+that+句子的其他部分(用陈述语序)。如：
【典例】---- How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?
---- Totally by chance.
A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which （选A）
[答案与分析]A。本题为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：It was totally by chance that
they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
五、与强调句型相似it be +时间名词+that/when/ before等句型辨析。注意主语从句、定语从句、状语从句
和强调句型的区别与联系。如：
【典例1】--- Who are making so much noise in the garden?---- ______ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are
分析：A。答案是省略句，补全就是强调句型 It is the children who are making so much noise 。
【典例2】It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as C. that D. what
分析：C。由于句中插入了 not of effort这一成分，会误认为是定语从句，从而认为 that不引导非限制性定
语从句，实际上为强调句型，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。
【典例3】You can’t imagine that it is quite some time ______ we wrote to each other.
A. that B. since C. when D. which
分析：B。句型it is …since，表示“自从….有多久”。句意是：你想象不出我们都有好长一段时间没有通
信了。
六、考查对“It + be +被强调部分+ that/who+ 原句剩余部分”强调句型中的that与what的辨析能力。
不要只看到what在句中可以作主语、宾语等成分，结果一见到缺少成分就想用what。可以先鉴别是
否强调句型，方法如下：把it和be动词去掉，然后把剩下的成分重新还原，如果是意义和语法都比较通顺
的句子，则是强调句型，那么就用that。如：
【考例】(上海 XXXX) It is these poisonous products ______ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as
headache and aching muscles.
A. who *B. that C. how D. what
解析：去掉It is和“______”部分，则余下的句子是：“These poisonous products can cause…”,语法和
意思都通顺，所以是强调句型，选B。
【考例】(NMETXXXX) It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you
are.
A. one *B. that C. what D. it
七、强调句型的判断标准
判断是否是强调句型的标准是，把句子的it be that去掉后，如果句子的语法和意义很完整就是强调句
型，否则就不是。如：
【典例】______ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late
分析：B。该结构中的 it was… that…不能充当句子成分，句中的动词cause需要有自己的主语，还原
成非强调句，即为：Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.，所以是强调句型。【牛刀小试】从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
1. It is the National Games ____has contributed a lot to the development of Chinese sport in the past 50 years.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
2. It was with great joy _____ he received the news ______ his lost daughter had been found.
A. because, when B. which, that C. since, how D. that, that
3. As far as I know, it is more than twenty years _____ he joined the army.
A. that B. since C. when D. what
4._____ Father came back that we began to have supper last night.
A. It was not until B. It was until C. Not until was it D. Not until it was
5. ----_______ that struck you most?
-----The sportsmen's courage as well as their skills.
A. What it was B. It was what C. Was it what D. What was it
Keys: 1-5 CDBAD
